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Eritrea Culture Africa:     more detail

Eritrea (Cultures of the World) by Roseline Ngcheong-Lum, 2001-03 Eritrea: Country Handbook [A Field Ready Reference Publication] (Familiarizing Military Personnel with Local Customs and Area Knowledge) by Department of Defense, 2000 Voices from Eritrea, Somalia and Kurdistan (English, Tigrinya, English, Somali, English and Kurdish Edition) by Rachel Warner, 1991-04-04 Voices from Eritrea (English and Tigrinya Edition) by Rachel Warner, 1991-04-04

lists with details

1. The ACG Eritrea Page
   FAQ from Dehai. eritrea FAQ from Soc.culture.africa; CharacteristicsFrom the EIC Page; eritrea at UPenn; eritrea Official Documents  
   http://www.abyssiniacybergateway.net/eritrea/
   
   Extractions: (Eritrea) Page Net Culture Travel Archives ... Top Government of Eritrea Homepage The Eritrean Edition Quarterly Magazine Eritrea News provided by Tedros Eritrea Profile Back Issues Eritrea Information Center Eritrea FAQ from Dehai Eritrea FAQ from Soc.Culture.Africa Characteristics From the EIC Page Eritrea at UPenn Eritrea: "Official Documents" at UPENN Eritrea in The CIA 1994 Fact Book

2. Eritrea
   An annotated guide to internet resources on eritrea for students, faculty, librarians, teachers, journalists, businesspeople and others. (eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia, Sudan). The culture and Tradition of Women in Somalia. Womens Work in Peace Lessons from Training Projects in the Horn of africa  
   http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/ssrg/africa/eritrea.html
   
   Extractions: Countries : Eritrea Search: Countries Topics Africa Guide Suggest a Site ... Africa Home See also: Eritrea News News on Eritrea, historical profiles, interviews with prominent Eritreans, articles, photos of martyrs of the Eritrean Struggle for independence, announcements. Site administered by Gadi Enterprises, San Jose, CA. http://www.awate.com/

3. Travel In Asmara - Eritrea - Africa - Culture - WorldTravelGate.net®-
   This category in other languages The africa 2000 Media Group Produces investigative reports for use by the news media and reports for reference purposes on african sociological, demographic, economic, military, and political topics.  
   http://www.africatravelling.net/eritrea/asmara/asmara_culture.htm
   
   Extractions: Asmara - Culture Asmara, also Asmera, capital and largest city of Eritrea, located near the Red Sea port of Massawa. Industries include tanning, lumber and flour milling, vegetable processing, and the manufacture of perfumes, glass, cement, bricks, and buttons. A hydroelectric plant and gold and copper mines are nearby. A technical and professional school is located in the city. Asmara succeeded Massawa as the capital of Eritrea in 1900, when Eritrea was an Italian colony. Asmara is in Hamasien province, about 7,000 feet above sea level. It has a pleasant climate throughout the year. Eritrea with Asmara as capital city is one of the newest and most promising nations in Africa - and contains remnants of some of its oldest civilizations. One of the earliest known references to Eritrea is from Aeschylus (Fragment 67) in which he refers to the "Mare Erythreum" (Red Sea) as "the lake that is the jewel of Ethiopia." Eritrea recently fought and won one of the longest wars in the world. After thirty years of bitter strugle, Eritrea achieve total independence and the right to self-determination. The Eritrean people acheived their goals in 1991 in a stunning defeat of the occupying Ethiopian forces which also helped liberate Ethiopia from the Soviet-backed Dergue (Menguistu Hailemariam) regime. That sunset, along Pantai Asmara (Lovers' Beach) a group of people was chatting under the shelter of the tree. The afternoon sun scattered its red glow over the quiet beach scenery. The light that sneaked in between the leaves added to the beauty of this natural beach scenery. Asmara Beach is located about 3 kilometers east of Kupang City. Its location is quite strategic and easily accessible by anyone, without transportation difficulties. To visit the beach, we can use city transportation those heading to Perumnas (housing estate), Walikota (City Hall), Tarus, or Penfui. These four routes will all pass Asmara Beach. Hence, it will be easy for those having no private transportation.

4. MapZones.com Culture
   eritrea, culture, Back to Top. eritrea's coastal location has longbeen important in its history and culture—a fact reflected in  
   http://www.mapzones.com/world/africa/eritrea/cultureindex.php

5. Eritrea -- Culture Overview
   eritrea culture Overview. eritrea was under the rule of the AksumiteEmpire beginning in the fourth century AD Christianity was  
   http://expedition.bensenville.lib.il.us/Africa/Eritrea/culture.htm
   
   Extractions: Eritrea was under the rule of the Aksumite Empire beginning in the fourth century A.D. Christianity was introduced in the highland region of the country at around that time, and the Muslim faith was popularized in the lowlands about 300 years later, sparking conflicts between the two groups over religious differences. Eritrea was the target of a number of invasions by foreign powers as a result of its strategic coastal location along the Red Sea. Over the centuries, Eritrea fell to the Ottoman Empire, Egypt, Italy, Ethiopia, and eventually came under British control before gaining independence in 1993. The inhabitants of Eritrea comprise nine major language groups, including the Tigrinya, who reside in the south central region, the Tigre, who live in the north, and the Afar, who reside in the southeastern part of Eritrea. The remaining ethnic groups are the Saho, in the south central and southeastern region; the Hedareb in the northwest; the Bilien in the central section; the Rashaida, who inhabit the northwest; and the Kunama and Nara, who make their homes in the southwest part of the country. Eritrea has no official language, but Tigrinya and Arabic are used in official government settings. Tigre is also spoken by a large number of inhabitants in the western part of the country. Most Eritreans are adherents of the Christian and Muslim religions, with smaller minorities embracing animism. The capital city, Asmara, derives its name from "Arbate Asmara," meaning "they (feminine) united the four." According to legend, the people of four neighboring villages were feuding with one another until the women from each of the villages collaborated on a plan to resolve the long-standing conflicts, eventually uniting the four villages as one. The architectural style of Asmara is mostly Italian, reflecting the nation's status as an Italian colony from the late 19th century to the early 20th century. Other cities, including Agordet, feature examples of Turkish and Egyptian architectural styles, indicative of Eritrea's dominance by the Ottoman Empire and Egypt in the 16th and 19th centuries, respectively. Traditional handicrafts and art forms practiced by the Eritrean people include woodcarving, pottery-making, weaving baskets and textiles, fashioning leather goods, and making silver and gold jewelry.

6. African Studies: Eritrea
   Email africa @libraries.cul.columbia.edu. african Studies Internet Resources home. Departmenthome. eritrea Education, History, Language, and culture.  
   http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/indiv/africa/cuvl/Erihist.html

7. African Studies: Eritrea
   Email africa @libraries.cul.columbia.edu. african Studies Internet Resourceshome. Department home. eritrea. Education, History, Language, and culture.  
   http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/indiv/africa/cuvl/Eritrea.html

8. U.S.-Africa Issues - Eritrean-Americans Celebrate Their Culture At "Festival Eri
   eritreanAmericans Celebrate Their culture at "Festival eritrea 2002" Festival is "once-a-year chance" to celebrate By Charles Corey Washington File Staff Writer  
   http://usinfo.state.gov/regional/af/a2080802.htm
   
   Extractions: Washington File Staff Writer Washington Many of the more than 30,000 Eritrean-Americans who now live in the United States are gathering in Washington to celebrate their nation's rich cultural heritage at the "Festival Eritrea 2002," which takes place in Washington August 9-11. In an August 8 interview with the Washington File, Vicky Rentmeesters, information officer at the Eritrean Embassy in Washington, said the festival includes soccer, basketball, and volleyball tournaments, cultural shows, and bands from both the United States and Eritrea playing both traditional and reggae music. Art and craft exhibitions will also take place. Rentmeesters called the festival a "once-a-year chance for the Eritrean community here to get together" and celebrate their cultural heritage. Highlights of the festival include "A Taste of Eritrea," featuring Eritrean foods and a wide array of educational seminars and briefings. Special guests include Yemane Gebreab, advisor to President Isaias Afwerki and head of political affairs for the People's Front for Democracy and Justice (PFDJ), who will give participants an assessment of current conditions in Eritrea; Girma Asmerom, Eritrea's ambassador to the United States, and Dorothy Height, president of the National Council of Negro Women.

9. Travel In Massawa - Eritrea - Africa - Culture - WorldTravelGate.net®-
   Massawa culture. damaged by the Ethiopian bombing and shelling from its liberationby the EPLF in February 1990 until the liberation of all of eritrea in May  
   http://www.africatravelling.net/eritrea/massawa/massawa_culture.htm
   
   Extractions: Massawa Culture T he road from Asmara to Massawa in Semhar province offers many scenic panoramas along its twists and turns. You can see Debre Bizen, the famous Orthodox monastery, from the road. You will pass through the town of Ghinda and a major citrus fruit production area. Massawa became an urban center in ancient times. It is the largest natural deep water port on the Red Sea. If Asmara is an "Italian" city, Massawa is a Turk-Egyptian one. The city is divided into three parts: Batsa, Twalet, and the mainland or Idaga. The old town and port are on the island of Batsa. This is joined to Twalet by a causeway. Another causeway connects Twalet to the mainland. Twalet Island is to a greater extent a mixture of Turk-Egyptian and Italian architecture. The Ghibi or palace is near the causeway to Batsa. The foundations are from the 1500's but the building has been restored numerous times since then. It was badly damaged during the independence struggle and is in need of restoration again. The Port Club is open to the general public. The complex includes a restaurant with both indoor and outdoor seating, a small library and museum, and some sports facilities. The airport and the main market are on the mainland directly across the Twalet causeway. Beyond the airport at Hitumlo is the tomb of Hashim el Mirgani. North of the causeway is an industrial area. The salt flats and the cement factory are located here. Gergussum beach to the north of Massawa on the mainland offers lots of white sand and warm water for sunbathing and swimming. At nearby Emberemi are the tombs of Sheikh el Amin and Muhammad ibn Ali, both major pilgrimage sites. At Emkulu there is a monument under construction for the EPLF fighters who died on the Salina salt flats in the 1977-78 battle for Massawa.

10. Global Direct Africa Eritrea Asmara Culture
    Global Direct, detailed information about culture in Asmara eritrea Asmara. africa · eritrea · Asmara · culture. Choose, click and get served!  
    http://www.globaldirect.com/Africa/Eritrea/Asmara/Culture
    
    Extractions: Choose, click and get served! Sub-category Description of your product or service in 80 characters or less. Click here to order a City Banner Global Direct is growing rapidly through interaction with our visitors from all over the world. Many of us have mother tongues other than English. Please help us to improve our use of the language by reporting any problems or spelling errors to Mr. Language . He's here to help.

11. Eritrea-Ethiopia Border Conflict Information
    Edition Quarterly Magazine. eritrea News by Tedros Tecle; eritreaFAQ from Soc.culture.africa; eritrea at UPenn; eritrea Official  
    http://denden.com/Conflict/links.htm

12. Foreign Governments/Africa
    about the government of eritrea; Economic, business Includes culture, politics, travel,human rights; Searchable Nations Economic Commission for africa News of  
    http://www.lib.umich.edu/govdocs/forafr.html

13. Lonely Planet World Guide | Destination Eritrea | Culture
    eritrea culture. The nearly 4,000,000 people of eritrea, a third ofwhich are nomadic or seminomadic, are ethnically divided into  
    http://www.lonelyplanet.com/destinations/africa/eritrea/culture.htm
    
    Extractions: Eritrea The nearly 4,000,000 people of Eritrea, a third of which are nomadic or semi-nomadic, are ethnically divided into nine groups: Tigrinya (the largest group), Afar, Bilen, Hedareb, Kunama, Nara, Rashaida, Saho and Tigre. Only 20% of the population reside in urban areas and, most depressingly in terms of statistics, a paltry 3% have access to sanitation and waste disposal. Though much has been done domestically to recognise women's rights, the country still has a rigid conservative core which has yet to fully acknowledge the full equality of both genders. Tigrinya is spoken mainly in the highlands, while Arabic has entrenched itself along the coast and the Sudanese border, and English is primarily the language of the urbane. In other areas, the dominant language depends on the dominant ethnic group, each of which have their own native tongue. Amharic, which Ethiopia tried to institute as the language of non-choice in the 1950s, is still widely spoken around the country. Both Christianity and Islam vie for religious supremacy in Eritrea, with neither one a clear winner. The Christians are primarily Orthodox, with small numbers of Roman Catholics and Protestants; the Muslims are primarily Sunnis, with a small Sufi minority. Eritreans like to dance, particularly when confronted with a new birth or marriage and during cultural and religious festivals. They also like to play traditional instruments such as the stringed

14. Society And Culture
    Category Regional africa eritrea Society and culture http//www.abyssiniacybergateway.net/eritrea/info/bender.html.2, Daniel's WWW page.  
    http://www.ad.com/Regional/Africa/Eritrea/Society_and_Culture/

15. Eritrea
    Including map and overview of history, culture, economy and currency. Category Regional africa eritrea http//atlas.freegk.com/world/africa/eritrea/eritrea  
    http://www.ad.com/Regional/Africa/Eritrea/

16. ALMISBAH: Regions, Nations And Peoples: Particular Regions: Horn Of Africa: The
    Keywords, Horn of africa; Djibouti; eritrea; Ethiopia; Somalia; Somaliland; software;ethiopic language; links; culture; art; business; ethiopian languages,  
    http://ssgdoc.bibliothek.uni-halle.de/vlib/ssgfi/subject/almisbah_ssg0302040101_
    
    Extractions: 1. The Abyssinia Cyberspace Gateway Source Type Virtual Libraries, Internet Directories and Link Lists URL http://www.abyssiniacybergateway.net/ Keywords Horn of Africa; Djibouti; Eritrea; Ethiopia; Somalia; Somaliland; software; ethiopic language; links; culture; art; business; ethiopian languages DETAILS Contents Clarity Index Links 2. African Imprint Library Services Source Type Booksellers URL http://www.africanbooks.com/ails1.htm Keywords booksellers; african studies; library service; South Portland DETAILS Contents Clarity Index Links 3. African Studies Quarterly : The Online Journal for African Studies Source Type Journals with Full Articles Available URL http://www.africa.ufl.edu/asq/ Keywords journal; Africa; online magazine; ASQ DETAILS Contents Clarity Index Links 4. Association of African Universities Source Type Organizations and Societies URL http://www.aau.org/ Keywords Africa; universities; NGOs; organizations DETAILS Contents Clarity Index Links 5. Contemporary Africa Database

17. Jane Kurtz: Links - Africa
    and fostering a sustainable economic growth in africa. water resources; health; historyand culture; marine resources Map of eritrea map of the Ethiopian region  
    http://www.janekurtz.com/africalinks.html
    
    Extractions: CNN - The Other Side of Africa, Ethiopia, Timbuktu (Mali), Rwanda, diamonds and South Africa. Includes lessons plans. Country Conditions Africa : click on map for information about individual countries from the World Refugee Survey reports on conditions for refugees and internally displaced persons in 120 countries. Multicultural Bibliography Africa Resources: Folktales, Biography, Poety, Nonfiction Internet School Library Media Center (ISLMC) Multicultural Page Play Mancala On-Line by Brian Casey. Sudan Page : includes the latest news and weather conditions as well as information about geography, people, the government, and history. Addis Ababa Chamber of Commerce Web Site : offers publications, news, articles, and statistical information about Ethiopia. The Addis Tribune Home Page : sections include: Headlines; Economics; Interviews; Sports; Arts and Culture. Cyber Ethiopia : collection of links categorized by the following headings: art and literature; business and investment; computers and technology; culture and religion; economy and finance; education and careers; food and restaurants; geography and maps; government; and much more. Ethiopia: A Country Study : series of short articles on vast array of subjects including: geography; society;

18. Browsing Regional Africa Eritrea Society And Culture Category
    Browse Regional africa eritrea Society and culture,  
    http://www.uksprite.com/search/search/Regional/Africa/Eritrea/Society_and_Cultur

19. WebGuest - Open Directory : Regional : Africa : Eritrea : Society And Culture
    the entire directory. Top Regional africa eritrea Society and culture (11).Ethiopia eritrea War@ (27). Sites  
    http://directory.webguest.com/index.cgi/Regional/Africa/Eritrea/Society_and_Cult
    
    Extractions: Amharic - Discussion of this family of languages and of its history. British Council : Eritrea - Information on facilities and programs. Daniel's WWW page - Includes images of the country, links and AIFF files of Tigrigna songs. Eritrea, Ethiopia, war and famine - A history of the country's move to independence. Eritrean CyberXchange - Includes discussion forum, chat facility and music links. Ethnologue: Eritrea - A summary of the languages spoken in each area of the country. Hafash - Eritrean politics: news and documents. Homepage of Mebrat Tzehaie - Includes images, a photograph taken from space and a lot of information about the country. Sha'bia - Personal homepage of a Belgian-Italian Eritrean. Personal information and a few links.

20. TradeXport - Africa - Eritrea - Culture
    36,736 sites/1,913 categories /64 visitors this month,  
    http://216.54.220.4/Dir/Africa/Eritrea/Culture/Index.cfm

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