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THIS 32 PAGE ARTICLE WAS EXTRACTED FROM THE BOOK: The Works of Geber, by Geber . To purchase the entire book, please order ISBN 0766100154. ... Read more

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This book was first published in 1977. ... Read more

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THIS 30 PAGE ARTICLE WAS EXTRACTED FROM THE BOOK: The Works of Geber, by Geber . To purchase the entire book, please order ISBN 0766100154. ... Read more

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This guide examines attitudes towards "control" and shows how to keep stress to a minimum. It shares stress management strategies, and discusses: what stress is and what its major sources are; how to evaluate one's own stress level; key psychological and emotional indicators of stress; what the symptoms of stress overload are; how to relax and accept life as it is; and how to use nine stress reducing techniques, including a coping checklist an visualization. ... Read more

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This digital document is an article from Science and Its Times, brought to you by Gale®, a part of Cengage Learning, a world leader in e-research and educational publishing for libraries, schools and businesses.The length of the article is 450 words.The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase.You can view it with any web browser.The histories of science, technology, and mathematics merge with the study of humanities and social science in this interdisciplinary reference work. Essays on people, theories, discoveries, and concepts are combined with overviews, bibliographies of primary documents, and chronological elements to offer students a fascinating way to understand the impact of science on the course of human history and how science affects everyday life. Entries represent people and developments throughout the world, from about 2000 B.C. through the end of the twentieth century. ... Read more

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This volume is produced from digital images created through the University of Michigan University Library's large-scale digitization efforts. The Library seeks to preserve the intellectual content of items in a manner that facilitates and promotes a variety of uses. The digital reformatting process results in an electronic version of the original text that can be both accessed online and used to create new print copies. The Library also understands and values the usefulness of print and makes reprints available to the public whenever possible. This book and hundreds of thousands of others can be found in the HathiTrust, an archive of the digitized collections of many great research libraries. For access to the University of Michigan Library's digital collections, please see http://www.lib.umich.edu and for information about the HathiTrust, please visit http://www.hathitrust.org ... Read more

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Chapters: Roger Bacon, Ibn Al-Nafis, Pierre de Maricourt, Witelo, Al-Dakhwar, Pseudo-Geber, Gregory Choniades, Zakariya Al-Qazwini, Rashidun Al-Suri. Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 73. Not illustrated. Free updates online. Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: Ala al-Din Abu al-Hassan Ali ibn Abi-Hazm al-Qurashi al-Dimashqi (Arabic: ) (born 1213), commonly known as Ibn al-Nafis (Arabic: ), was an Arab Muslim polymatha physician, anatomist, physiologist, surgeon, ophthalmologist, Hafiz, Hadith scholar, Shafi`i jurist and lawyer, Sunni theologian, Islamic philosopher, logician, Arabic novelist, science fiction writer, and scientist. He also wrote on Islamic psychology, Islamic sociology, astronomy, Islamic cosmology, futurology, geology, Arabic grammar and linguistics, and history. He was born in Damascus, Syria, and worked in Cairo, Egypt. Ibn al-Nafis is now most famous for being the first physician to describe the pulmonary circulation, or pulmonary transit of blood. His discovery disproved the thousand year-old theory of Galen who suggested invisible pores in the intraventricular septum. Ibn Nafis clearly stated that the "blood in the right ventricle of the heart must reach the left ventricule by way of the lungs alone and not through a passage connecting the ventricle, as Galen maintained." In addition, he is credited with early insight into capillary and coronary circulations, which in addition to the pulmonary circulation form the basis of the circulatory system, for which he is has been called the father of circulatory physiology, and "the greatest physiologist of the Middle Ages." His work would not be surpassed until the 17th century, when the theory of the entire circulatory system, i.e. the continuous circular motion of the blood throughout the whole body, was proposed by William Harvey. He was also an early pr...More: http://booksllc.net/?id=2426527 ... Read more

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Chapters: August Strindberg, Geber, Hermes Trismegistus, Avicenna, Muhammad Ibn Zakariya Al-Razi, Alessandro Cagliostro, Count of St. Germain, Alejandro Jodorowsky, Fulcanelli, George Rapp, Zosimos of Panopolis, Johann Rudolf Glauber, Paul of Taranto, Bernhard Müller, List of Alchemists, Michał Sędziwój, Giuliano Kremmerz, Baal Shem of London, Stephen of Alexandria, Calid, Pseudo-Geber, Peter Woulfe, Eirenaeus Philalethes, Mary the Jewess, Wei Shifang, Agathodaimon, Suhad Bahajri, Benjamin Musaphia, Bernard Trevisan, Wilhelm Homberg, Jacob Bruce, John Bargel, Artephius, Muhammed Ibn Umail Al-Tamimi, Melchior Cibinensis, Johann Friedrich Schweitzer, Daniel Mögling, George Starkey, August Nordenskiöld, Nagarjuna, Giovanni Aurelio Augurello, Petrus Bonus, Jaroš Griemiller. Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 266. Not illustrated. Free updates online. Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: ', known as Ab Al Sn (Persian: ) or, more commonly, Ibn Sn (Arabic: ), but most commonly known in English by his Latinized name Avicenna (Greek: , Avitzianós), (c. 980 - 1037) was a polymath of Persian origin and the foremost physician and philosopher of his time. He was also an astronomer, chemist, geologist, Hafiz, Islamic psychologist, Islamic scholar, Islamic theologian, logician, paleontologist, mathematician, Maktab teacher, physicist, poet, and scientist. Ibn Sn studied medicine under a physician named Koushyar. He wrote almost 450 treatises on a wide range of subjects, of which around 240 have survived. In particular, 150 of his surviving treatises concentrate on philosophy and 40 of them concentrate on medicine. His most famous works are The Book of Healing, a vast philosophical and scientific encyclopaedia, and The Canon of Medicine, which was a standard medical text at many medieval universities. The Canon of Medicine was used as a text-...More: http://booksllc.net/?id=1130 ... Read more

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Chapters: Geber, Al-Ghazali, Nasir Al-Din Al-Tusi, Shaykh Tusi, Ferdowsi, Asadi Tusi, Nizam Al-Mulk. Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 61. Not illustrated. Free updates online. Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: Ab med Muammad ibn Muammad al-Ghazl (10581111) (Persian/Arabic: ), often Algazel in English, was born and died in Tus, in the Khorasan province of Persia. He was an Islamic theologian, jurist, philosopher, cosmologist, psychologist and mystic of Persian origin, and remains one of the most celebrated scholars in the history of Sunni Islamic thought. He is considered a pioneer of methodic doubt and skepticism, and in one of his major works, The Incoherence of the Philosophers, he changed the course of early Islamic philosophy, shifting it away from an Islamic metaphysics influenced by ancient Greek and Hellenistic philosophy, and towards an Islamic philosophy based on cause-and-effect that was determined by God or intermediate angels, a theory now known as occasionalism. Ghazali has sometimes been acclaimed by secular historians such as William Montgomery Watt to be the greatest Muslim after Muhammad (traditionally among Muslims, the greatest Muslims after the Prophet, according to authentic hadith, is the generation of his contemporaries). Besides his work that successfully changed the course of Islamic philosophythe early Islamic Neoplatonism developed on the grounds of Hellenistic philosophy, for example, was so successfully refuted by Ghazali that it never recoveredhe also brought the orthodox Islam of his time in close contact with Sufism. The orthodox theologians still went their own way, and so did the mystics, but both developed a sense of mutual appreciation which ensured that no sweeping condemnation could be made by one for the practices of the other. Ghazali contributed significantly to the development o...More: http://booksllc.net/?id=146607 ... Read more

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Purchase includes free access to book updates online and a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Chapters: Geber, Abu Al-Faraj Al-Isfahani, Mahmoud Abbas, Al-Ma'mun, Zayn Al-Abidin, Abu Nuwas, Ibn Al-Nadim, Yahya Ibn Umar, Muhammad Ibn Ja'far Al-Sadiq, Bashar Ibn Burd, Badi' Al-Zaman Al-Hamadani, Princess Noor Hamzah, Ebrahim Al-Arrayedh, Basim Al-Karbalaie, Muhammad Ibn Abdullah Al-Aftah, Princess Sarah Bint Asem, Ibn Al-Rumi, Muhammad Ibn Ali Al-Hadi. Excerpt:Abu Nuwas, Drawing by Khalil Gibran , al-Funun 2, no. 1 (June 1916) Abu-Nuwas al-Hasan ben Hani Al-Hakami (756 814),a known as Ab -Nuw s (Arabic : ; Persian : , Abu Novas ), was one of the greatest of classical Arabic and Persian poets. Born in the city of Ahvaz in Persia , of an Arab father and a Persian mother, he became a master of all the contemporary genres of Arabic poetry. Abu Nuwas has entered the folkloric tradition, and he appears several times in The Book of One Thousand and One Nights . Early life and work Abu Nuwas was born to an Arab father whom he never knew, Hani, who was a soldier in the army of Marwan II . His Persian mother, named Golban, worked as a weaver. Biographies differ on the date of Abu Nuwas' birth, ranging from 747 to 762. Some say he was born at Basra others in Damascus, Busra, or at Ahwaz. His given name was al-Hasan ibn Hani al-Hakami , 'Abu Nuwas' being a nick-name: 'Father of the Lock of Hair' referred to the two long sidelocks which hung down to his shoulders. When Abu Nuwas was still a boy, his mother sold him to a grocer from Basra , Sa ad al-Yashira. Abu Nuwas migrated to Baghdad , possibly in the company of Walibah ibn al-Hubab, and soon became renowned for his witty and humorous poetry, which dealt not with the traditional desert themes, but with urban life and the joys of wine and drinking ( khamriyyat ), and ribald humor ( mujuniyyat ). His commissioned work includes poems on huntin... ... Read more

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Purchase includes free access to book updates online and a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Chapters: Geber, Abu Rayhan Biruni, Muhammad Ibn Mūsā Al-Khwārizmī, Sharaf Al-Dīn Al-Ṭūsī, Mashallah, Abu Ma'shar Al-Balkhi, Muhammad Al-Fazari, Yaqūb Ibn Tāriq, Sahl Ibn Bishr, Naubakht, Al-Fadl Ibn Naubakht, Albubather. Excerpt:Translation into Latin of a work of Albumasar De Magnis Coniunctionibus ("Of the great conjunctions "), Venice , 1515. Ja'far ibn Mu ammad Ab Ma'shar al-Balkh (10 August 787 in the Persian province of Balkh , (now in Afghanistan ) 9 March 886 in al-Wasit, Iraq ), also known as al-Falaki or Albumasar or Ibn Balkh (also Albusar and Albuxar in the Latin West ) was a Persian mathematician , astronomer , astrologer and Islamic philosopher . Many of his works were translated into Latin and were well known amongst many European astrologers, astronomers, and mathematicians ( mathematici ) during the European Middle Ages . He also wrote on ancient Persian history . Astrology and natural philosophy A sample Ibn Balkhi's manuscript on astronomy, 850 AD Richard Lemay has argued that the writings of Albumasar were very likely the single most important original source of Aristotle 's theories of nature for European scholars, starting a little before the middle of the 12th century. It was not until later in the 12th century that the original books of Aristotle on nature began to become available in Latin. The works of Aristotle on logic had been known earlier, and Aristotle was generally recognized as "the master of logic." But during the course of the 12th century, Aristotle was transformed into the "master of those who know," and in particular a master of natural philosophy . It is especially interesting that the work of Albumasar (or Balkhi) in question is a treatise on astrology. Its Latin title is Introductorium in Astronomiam , a translation of the Arabic Kitab al-mudkh... ... Read more

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Purchase includes free access to book updates online and a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Chapters: Geber, Al-Kindi, Taqi Al-Din Muhammad Ibn Ma'ruf, Muhammad Ibn Jābir Al-Harrānī Al-Battānī, Suhad Bahajri, Muhammad Al-Fazari, Haly Abenragel, Alchabitius. Excerpt:Ab Y suf Ya q b ibn Is q al-Kind (Arabic : ) Ab Y suf Ya q b ibn Is q al-Kind (Arabic : ) (c. 801 873 CE), also known to the West by the Latinized version of his name Alkindus , was an Arab Iraqi polymath : an Islamic philosopher , scientist , astrologer , astronomer , cosmologist , chemist , logician , mathematician , musician , physician , physicist , psychologist , and meteorologist . Al-Kindi was the first of the Muslim Peripatetic philosophers, and is known for his efforts to introduce Greek and Hellenistic philosophy to the Arab world , and as a pioneer in chemistry , medicine , music theory , physics , psychology ,the philosophy of science , and is also known for being one of the fathers of cryptography . Al-Kindi was a descendant of the Kinda tribe which is a well known Arabic tribe native of Najd (present day Saudi Arabia ). He was born and educated in Kufa , before pursuing further studies in Baghdad . Al-Kindi became a prominent figure in the House of Wisdom , and a number of Abbasid Caliphs appointed him to oversee the translation of Greek scientific and philosophical texts into the Arabic language . This contact with "the philosophy of the ancients" (as Greek and Hellenistic philosophy was often referred to by Muslim scholars) had a profound effect on his intellectual development, and led him to write original treatises on subjects ranging from Islamic ethics and metaphysics to Islamic mathematics and pharmacology . In mathematics, al-Kindi played an important role in introducing Indian numerals to the Islamic and Christian world. He was a pioneer in cryptanalysis and cryptology , and devised new method... ... Read more

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Purchase includes free access to book updates online and a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: Geber is a Latinization of the name "Jbir" and may refer to: ... More: http://booksllc.net/?id=63140 ... Read more

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Purchase includes free access to book updates online and a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: Geber is a Latinization of the name "Jbir" and may refer to: ... More: http://booksllc.net/?id=63140 ... Read more

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Purchase includes free access to book updates online and a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: Muhammad ibn Zakariy Rz (Mohammad-e Zakari-ye Rzi: Persian: ), known as Rhazes or Rasis after medieval Latinists, (August 26, 865, Rey 925, Rey) was a Persian physician, alchemist and chemist, philosopher, and scholar. He is recognised as a polymath, and Biographies of Razi, based on his writings, describe him as perhaps the greatest clinician of all times. Numerous firsts in medical research, clinical care, and chemistry are attributed to him, including being the first to differentiate smallpox from measles, and the discovery of numerous compounds and chemicals including alcohol and kerosene, among others. Edward Granville Browne considers him as "probably the greatest and most original of all the physicians, and one of the most prolific as an author". Although Razi (or Rhazes) was a Persian living in Iran, his work was published in both Persian and Arabic languages, as such was the case for most Persian scientists during this era. Such multi-lingual publications in Persia were analogous to the later usage of the Latin language for scientific publications in Europe in the following centuries. Razi made fundamental and enduring contributions to the fields of medicine, alchemy, music, and philosophy, recorded in over 200 books and articles in various fields of science. He was well-versed in Persian, Greek and Indian medical knowledge and made numerous advances in medicine through own observations and discoveries. Educated in music, mathematics, philosophy, and metaphysics, he chose medicine as his professional field. As a physician, he was an early proponent of experimental medicine and has been described as the father of pediatrics. He was also a pioneer of neurosurgery and ophthalmology. He was among the first to use Humoralism to distinguish... More: http://booksllc.net/?id=78209 ... Read more