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The authors address the problems of determining the implications of different environmental standards and public policies by investigating their effect on industrial costs and resource use within linear-programming framework ... Read more

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This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923.This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process.We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide.We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ... Read more

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William Clifford (1845-1879) was an important mathematician of his day. He is most remembered today for his invention of Clifford algebras, which are fundamental in modern differential geometry and mathematical physics. His ideas on the connection between energy and matter and the curvature of space were important in the eventual formulation of general relativity. Clifford was particularly interested in non-Euclidean geometry. However, in his relatively brief career, he made contributions to diverse fields of mathematics: elliptic functions, Riemann surfaces, biquaternions, motion in Euclidean and non-Euclidean space, spaces of constant curvature, syzygies, and so on. He was also well-known as a teacher and for his ideas on the philosophy of science.This work covers the life and mathematical work of Clifford, from his early education at Templeton (Exeter) to King's College (London), to Trinity (Cambridge) and ultimately to his professorship at University College (London)--a post which he occupied until the time of his death. Tucker discusses Clifford's Fellowship at the Royal Society and his Council post at the London Mathematical Society. His papers and talks are presented and peppered with entertaining anecdotes relating Clifford's associations with his private tutor, family members, and his wide circle of personal friends and professional colleagues. ... Read more

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This issue of "Startling Stories" is a special one to us in many ways. Not only does it feature classic Golden Age Science Fiction such as "Empire" by Clifford D. Simak and "The Devil's Asteroid" by Manly Wade Wellman, but also new fiction by our very talented writers: "The Demon of Blackwater Swamp" by Russ Parkhurst with art by David Burton, "Last Lord of the Three Lands" by K.G. McAbee with art by Gary McCluskey, "A Scroll of Strange Device" by Gerald W. Page and Jerry L. Burge, "What Wizardry May Come" and "Bugs Begone!" both by S. Clayton Rhodes, and the regular "Saucy Blaine" comic by Ron Wilber. It also offers a Special Tribute to a very important man who passed away while we were in the middle of production. I'm speaking, of course, of Frank Frazetta, probably one of the most influential artists of the 20th Century. His loss hit many of us hard, and I want to thank the talented writers and artists who took the time out of their busy schedules to produce something especially for this issue. And in honor of another great artist who passed away soon after, we are proud to present a Golden Age comic reprint by the late and great Al Williamson. All of us here at Wild Cat Books are doing what we do because of their influences that left lasting impressions on us as we were growing up. We hope you enjoy this Special Issue, and my thanks go out to William L. Carney who worked diligently to bring this fine issue into your hands... We'll miss you, Frank and Al, but your work and inspiration will live forever... May you both rest in peace! ... Read more

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This scarce antiquarian book is a selection from Kessinger Publishing's Legacy Reprint Series. Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment to protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature. Kessinger Publishing is the place to find hundreds of thousands of rare and hard-to-find books with something of interest for everyone! ... Read more

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This is an EXACT reproduction of a book published before 1923. This IS NOT an OCR'd book with strange characters, introduced typographical errors, and jumbled words.This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ... Read more

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"It is wrong always, everywhere, and for anyone, to believe anything upon insufficient evidence." - W. K. Clifford - this forthright assertion of mathematician and educator W. K. Clifford (1845-1879) in his famous essay "The Ethics of Belief" drew an immediate response from Victorian-era critics, who took issue with his reasoned and brilliantly presented attack on beliefs "not founded on fair inquiry". An advocate of evolutionary theory, Clifford recognised that working hypotheses and assumptions are necessary for belief formation and that testing and assessing one's beliefs in light of new evidence strengthens those worthy of being held. "The Ethics of Belief" is presented here in complete form, along with an insightful biographical introduction by editor Timothy J. Madigan. Also included are four other noteworthy essays by Clifford: "On the Aims and Instruments of Scientific Thought", "Right and Wrong", "The Ethics of Religion", and "The Influence upon Morality of a Decline in Religious Belief". ... Read more

Customer Reviews (4)

Clifford is One of my New Idols
Clifford is such a well-spoken, sensible, open-minded scholar. Everybody should read his works and imitate his ethical belief policy. I am very pleased with this purchase, this seller, and the rapid time in which I received this book.

IT IS WRONG ALWAYS, EVERYWHERE, AND FOR ANYONE, TO BELIEVE ANYTHING UPON INSUFFICIENT EVIDENCE. ~Clifford

Brilliantly argued title essay.
William Kingdon Clifford is justly famous for his brilliant essay "The Ethics of Belief".In it, he argues for the conclusion that "it is wrong always, everywhere, and for anyone, to believe anything upon insufficient evidence."He does not merely assert this, and expect people to take his word for the matter (as many seem to imagine); he gives reasons for this position.Obviously, I will not be able to do justice to his argument in a brief review, but a condensed version is:What you believe affects your actions, and your actions affect others.As you are responsible for the effects of your actions on others, so, too, are you responsible for the effects of your beliefs on others.Therefore, you have no right to simply believe whatever you want to believe any more than you have a right to do whatever you want to do.You ought to act responsibly so as not to harm others, and to do so, you need to believe responsibly.Thus you need to be careful about what you believe.And that means that you need to have adequate reasons or evidence in favor of what you believe.

(To avoid possible confusion:Clifford was writing about ethics, not about law.Nothing Clifford states implies what would be illegal to believe; indeed, as one is supposed to believe according to the best evidence one has, it would be entirely inappropriate for someone to require a specific belief of others.After all, if you lack sufficient evidence for a belief, you should not have it.)

Clifford starts with an example of a shipowner who wants to believe his ship is safe and does not need expensive repairs, so he convinces himself that it really is safe, without giving it a proper inspection (or, in other words, without bothering with evidence).It should be obvious that this is irresponsible and dangerous.It also shows why people don't simply have a right to believe whatever they want.

It amazes me that some people who claim to have read his essay say that his argument is "circular" and that he gives no reasons for his position.Indeed, Clifford's first paragraph introduces the abovementioned shipowner, which goes a long way toward showing why evidence is something that should be used in belief formation.However, I expect that it is easier to reject his conclusion if one pretends that he has given no reasons for it, as many want to believe all sorts of nonsense, and do not care about the effects upon others.Usually, the motives are religious, as most religions do not hold up well to careful scrutiny, and people want to believe what they already believe, and don't wish to be told that they should only believe what they have good reason to believe.But think of all of the religious wars that have taken place throughout history, and you will see that people's religious views dramatically affect others, and therefore they ought to be more careful about what they believe.

It is also interesting that some religious people regard Clifford's essay as being anti-religion, but that would mean that they believe that they have no good reason to believe their own religion!If a fair and impartial review of the evidence supports a particular religion, then according to Clifford's position, one should believe it.If not, then one should not.

Regarding the Prometheus edition, I do wish they had chosen to reprint the entire LECTURES & ESSAYS, as another reviewer mentioned, as his other essays are also worth reading, though, perhaps, they are not as important as the title essay.And, as also mentioned by a previous reviewer, there is another edition that contains the essay "The Ethics of Belief", and it does contain an explanation of Clifford's remark about Spanish engineers, unlike the Prometheus edition.The new ISBN for it is 1-438251-76-9, though it does not contain other essays by Clifford.

Avoid Burger's book
Burger's book is a poor buy, as Burger's analysis is weak. It is a book of polemic rather than philosophical depth and his writing is much poorer than either Clifford's or James's.

Clifford's fundamental assumptions are circular - he states that "it is wrong always, everywhere, and for anyone, to believe anything upon insufficient evidence". However, he offers no evidence in support of this assertion, thus failing his own test.

The thesis of foundationalism has been successfully refuted by Alvin Plantinga and others (see his "Warranted Christian Belief"), but this essay still remains the archetype of the classical foundationalist approach.

There is a better book for "The Ethics of Belief"
First, it is good that some of Clifford's essays are again in print, as they are important and very well written.If you want some of Clifford's essays from his out-of-print book LECTURES AND ESSAYS (aside from the justly famous "The Ethics of Belief"), this is your only choice, unless you want a used copy, which will probably be extremely difficult to find.Too bad, though, that Prometheus did not choose to reprint the entire first edition of LECTURES AND ESSAYS instead of this 'sampler'.

If, however, you are primarily interested in the essay "The Ethics of Belief" or the subject matter of belief, you would be far better off with a different book:THE ETHICS OF BELIEF:Essays by William Kingdon Clifford, William James, and A.J. Burger, edited by A.J. Burger, ISBN 1-93133-07-6 (paper) or 1-931333-08-4 (cloth).In that book, you get "The Ethics of Belief" based on the first edition (the Prometheus version is evidently NOT based on the first edition), complete and unabridged, with added explanatory material (ever wonder about Clifford's cryptic remarks about Spanish engineers?Burger provides an answer).You also can read James' more famous response (even though it is quite inferior to Clifford's essay) and Burger's interesting response to James.With Burger's book, you get the views of three writers on this important subject, instead of only one.

So, the bottom line is this:If you want some of Clifford's essays other than "The Ethics of Belief", buy this book.But if you are primarily interested in "The Ethics of Belief", then buy Burger's book instead. ... Read more

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This scarce antiquarian book is a selection from Kessinger Publishings Legacy Reprint Series. Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment to protecting, preserving, and promoting the worlds literature. Kessinger Publishing is the place to find hundreds of thousands of rare and hard-to-find books with something of interest for everyone! ... Read more

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Les achats comprennent une adhésion à l'essai gratuite au club de livres de l'éditeur, dans lequel vous pouvez choisir parmi plus d'un million d'ouvrages, sans frais. Le livre consiste d'articles Wikipedia sur : Gamaliel Smethurst, Wally Stiles, Clifford William Robinson, Chris Collins, Joan Macalpine-Stiles, Victor Boudreau, Bernard Richard, Bernard Leblanc, Rhéal Cormier, Jean-Paul Leblanc, Michael Mckee, Maxime Cormier, Olivier-Maximin Melanson, James Edward Lockyer, Bill Malenfant, Claude Léger, Azor Leblanc, Joseph Leblanc, Arthur Bliss Copp, Gilbert Robichaud, Joseph Arthur Leblanc, Henry Read Emmerson, Clarence Cormier, Austin Claude Taylor, Otto Baird Price, George Ryan, Daniel Lionel Hanington, Gregory O'donnell, Charles Black, Alphonse Sormany. Non illustré. Mises à jour gratuites en ligne. Extrait : Gamaliel Smethurst (Marblehead, 1738 - Londres, 1826) est un marchand, un homme politique et écrivain britannique. Intéressé par la science dès son plus jeune âge, il écrit plusieurs livres et articles sur le sujet. En 1761, il est abandonné à Nipisiguit en Acadie par le capitaine de son bateau et doit se rendre par ses propres moyens au fort Beauséjour, voyage de six semaines au cours duquel il tient un journal. Il y note plusieurs observations précieuses sur les coutumes des Micmacs et décrit la Déportation des Acadiens, un des rares témoignages sur cet épisode du milieu du siècle. Il tente ensuite d'établir un poste de pêche à l'Île-du-Prince-Édouard et se fait élire à la Chambre d'assemblée de la Nouvelle-Écosse. Gamaliel Smethurst naît le 16 avril 1738 à Marblehead, au Massachusetts, du mariage de Tabitha Skinner et Joseph Smethurst, célébré le 5 novembre 1724 dans la même ville. Son père, Joseph Smethurst, est né de parents inconnus, probablement à Manchester, entre 1695 et 1699. Il est capitaine et a probablement émigré à Marblehead en 1720. Sa mère, Tabitha Skinner, est née en mai 1700 à Marblehead, de Richard S...http://booksllc.net/?l=fr ... Read more

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Chapters: Christopher Billop, George Johnson Clarke, Ivan Rand, Clifford William Robinson, William Johnstone Ritchie, Wilfred Sénéchal, Ward Chipman, James Robinson, Alexander C. Desbrisay, David Fanning, William Steeves, James Glenie, John Morrissy, Alexander Rankin, James Brown, Lemuel Allan Wilmot, Robert Duncan Wilmot, John Campbell Allen, Joseph-Enoil Michaud, Charles Joseph Morrissy, William Elder, Bliss Botsford, Amos Botsford, Bartholomew Crannell Beardsley, William Crane, John Robinson, Charles Nelson Skinner, Robert Pagan, Alfred Augustus Stockton, John Wesley Weldon, William Wedderburn, William Paine, Robert Marshall, James Charles Mckeagney, Lestock P. W. Desbrisay, Ernest A. Smith, Charles Simonds, Edwin Arnold Vail, Jonathan Bliss, Richard Ketchum, Henry O'leary, Frederic Mcgrand, Lévite Thériault, William Pagan, Joseph Cunard, John Mcmillan, Rufus Smith, Elias Hardy, Ward Chipman, Jr., Olivier-Maximin Melanson, Hugh Johnston, Jr., Ezekiel Mcleod, Richard Simonds, John Ambrose Street, Samuel Denny Street, Robert Parker, David Owen, Alexander Rogers, Elijah Miles, William Botsford, James Fraser, Daniel Hanington, John Mcneil Wilmot, George Ryan, Donald Morrison, Edward Ludlow Wetmore, Charles Jeffery Peters, William Blackwood Beveridge, William End, James Watson Chandler, Harry Peters, William Boyd Kinnear, Thomas Wetmore, Joseph Laurence Black, Stair Agnew, Stephen Humbert, James Simonds, Daniel Aloysius Riley, James G. Stevens, Harrison A. Mckeown, William Moore Kelly, Joseph Crandall, John Lewis, Randolph K. Jones, Benjamin Franklin Smith, Thomas Millidge, Jr., Martin B. Palmer, John James Robinson, John Waterbury Cudlip, Jacob Valentine Troop, Albert Scott White, Ambrose D. Richard, Samuel Lee, James E. Lynott, Richard Sutton, Francis J. Sweeney, William Hayden Needham, Patrick G. Ryan, John Richard Partelow, David Mclellan, William P. Flewelling, Jacob Ellegood, Walter S. Butler, Edward Willis, Benjamin B...More: http://booksllc.net/?id=15515760 ... Read more

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Chapters: Clifford William Robinson, Dennis Cochrane, Brian Murphy, Bliss Botsford, T. Babbitt Parlee, Lorne Mitton, Charles H. Blakeney, Oliver Jones, Frederick W. Sumner, E. Albert Reilly, George Leblanc. Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 30. Not illustrated. Free updates online. Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: Clifford William Robinson (September 1, 1866 July 27, 1944) was a New Brunswick lawyer, businessman and politician, the 12th Premier of New Brunswick. He was born in Moncton, New Brunswick and was educated in Point de Bute, Saint John and Moncton before attending Mount Allison University. Robinson worked as a bookkeeper from 1886 to 1889 before studying law. He was called to the bar in 1892 and set up practice in Moncton. In 1897 he became both mayor of Moncton and a member of the provincial House of Assembly as a Liberal. He served as Speaker and Provincial Secretary before becoming Premier in 1907. The Liberals had been in power since 1883, however, and voters opted for a change in the 1908 election which brought the Conservatives to power. Robinson continued in the legislature as an opposition MLA. When the Liberals returned to power in 1917, Robinson became minister without portfolio and then Minister of Lands and Mines in the governments of Walter E. Foster and Peter J. Veniot until 1924 when he was appointed to the Canadian Senate by Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King. Robinson was the main shareholder and, for a time, president for the Moncton Transcript. He also helped establish a French language newspaper l'Acadien. He was president or director for a number of businesses in the Moncton area, helped found the Central Trust Company Limited and the Petitcodiac Hydro Development Company and also helped establish Moncton radio station CKCW. He died in office in Montreal at the age of 77. ...More: http://booksllc.net/?id=580866 ... Read more

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Volume: 2Publisher: London : MacmillanPublication date: 1879Subjects: Science -- PhilosophyMatterEthicsMind and bodyNotes: This is an OCR reprint. There may be numerous typos or missing text. There are no illustrations or indexes.When you buy the General Books edition of this book you get free trial access to Million-Books.com where you can select from more than a million books for free. You can also preview the book there. ... Read more

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This digital document is an article from Encyclopedia of Philosophy, brought to you by Gale®, a part of Cengage Learning, a world leader in e-research and educational publishing for libraries, schools and businesses.The length of the article is 2476 words.The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase.You can view it with any web browser.Explores major marketing and advertising campaigns from 1999-2006. Entries profile recent print, radio, television, billboard and Internet campaigns. Each essay discusses the historical context of the campaign, the target market, the competition, marketing strategy, and the outcome. ... Read more