MITECS: Turing, Alan Mathison turing, alan Mathison. Hodges, A. (1983). alan turing The Enigma. London BurnettBooks Ltd, and Hutchinson Publishing Group. Ince, DC, Ed. (1992). http://cognet.mit.edu/MITECS/Articles/michie.html
Extractions: Alan Mathison Turing (1912-1954), British mathematician and logician, was born in London and was educated at Sherborne School and King's College Cambridge. The originality and precocity of his mathematical thinking soon became apparent not always to his advantage. A preference for supplementing theory with experiments (particularly of the kind that he could carry out himself) and an obsession with working everything out from first principles also developed during his school days. These traits distinguished him all his life. Thus he was elected a fellow of King's College Cambridge for a dissertation on the central limit theorem in probability theory. He had rediscovered this from scratch, being in ignorance of the previous work. His disinclination to build on the work of others sometimes slowed him down, but it preserved his forceful originality. Alan Turing - Home Page Alan Turing Scrapbook - Turing Test computing machinery and intelligence - a.m. turing
Dictionary Of Philosophy Of Mind - Turing, Alan turing, alan (b. 1912, London, UK, d. 1953, Wilmslow, Cheshire, UK.Ph.D. mathematics, Princeton, 1938). turing was a major influence http://www.artsci.wustl.edu/~philos/MindDict/turing.html
Extractions: Turing, Alan (b. 1912, London, UK, d. 1953, Wilmslow, Cheshire, UK. Ph.D. mathematics, Princeton, 1938). Turing was a major influence on the development of computational theory. The term Turing machine was introduced by Alonzo Church in his 1937 review of Turing's paper in the Journal of Symbolic Logic. Turing proposed the test of thinking in machines that bears his name in a 1950 article in the journal Mind (59, 433-60). See Turing machine Turing test Tadeusz Zawidzki References Zusne, Leonard (1987). Eponyms in psychology . Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. bookstore
Turing, Alan Mathison encyclopediaEncyclopedia turing, alan Mathison. turing, alan Mathison, 191254,British mathematician and computer theorist. While studying at Cambridge Univ. http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0849730.html
Extractions: Turing, Alan Mathison Turing, Alan Mathison, , British mathematician and computer theorist. While studying at Cambridge Univ. he began work in predicate logic that lead to a proof (1937) that some mathematical problems are not susceptible to solution by automated computation; in arriving at this, he postulated a universal machine, now called a Turing machine artificial intelligence ; among his contributions was the Turing test , a procedure to test whether a computer is capable of humanlike thought. He committed suicide shortly after being arrested for a homosexual offense. See biography by A. Hodge (1983).
Encyclopædia Britannica turing, alan M. Encyclopædia Britannica Article. MLA style turing, alan M.. Encyclopædia Britannica 2003 Encyclopædia Britannica Premium Service. http://www.britannica.com/eb/article?eu=75769
Alan Mathison Turing Translate this page alan Mathison turing Seite aus einem deutschsprachigen Online-Philosophenlexikon.philosophenlexikon.de, alan Mathison turing (1912 - 1954). http://www.philosophenlexikon.de/turing.htm
Extractions: Ebbinghaus - Ewald ... Geschichte der Philosophie Diskussion PhilTalk Philosophieforen Andere Lexika PhilLex -Lexikon der Philosophie Lexikon der griechischen Mythologie PhiloThek Bibliothek der Klassiker Zeitschriftenlesesaal Nachschlagewerke Allgemeine Information ... Dokumentenlieferdienste Spiele Philosophisches Galgenraten PhilSearch.de Shops PhiloShop PhiloShirt Service Kontakt Impressum eMail Der englische Mathematiker und Logiker studierte 1932 - 1935 Quantenmechanik, Wahrscheinlichkeit und Logik. Turing-Maschine Turing-Test Schon ab 1950 widmete sich Turing kybernetischen Fragen der Biologie. Am 7. Juni 1954 starb Turing durch Zyanid. powered by Uwe Wiedemann
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Inventor Alan Turing Fascinating facts about alan turing inventor of an early computer, the turing machinein 1940. back to HOME HISTORY INVENTOR PROFILE alan Mathison turing, http://www.ideafinder.com/history/inventors/turing.htm
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Extractions: New Search : Articles Index Dictionary in full ALAN MATHISON TURING (b. June 23, 1912, London, Eng.d. June 7, 1954, Wilmslow, Cheshire), English mathematician and logician who pioneered in computer theory and contributed important logical analyses of computer processes. The son of a British member of the Indian Civil Service, Turing studied at Sherborne school and at King's College, Cambridge. In 1935, while studying under a graduate fellowship at King's, Turing undertook work in mathematical logic; during this time he wrote the paper commonly recognized as his most brilliant contribution, "On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem " (1937). In this article he proved that there are some mathematical problems that cannot be solved by any formal, purely mechanical procedure i.e., one that can be performed by an automatic machine. To illustrate this point, Turing posited a simple device that possessed the fundamental properties of a modern computing system: a finite program, a large data-storage capacity, and a step-by-step mode of mathematical operation. This Turing machine, as it was later called, is frequently used as a point of reference in basic discussions of automata theory and was also the theoretical basis for the digital computers that came into being in the 1940s.
Turing, Alan turing, alan brittisk matematiker och datorpionjär (19121954). 1952 dömdesalan turing för homosexuella handlingar och 1954 tog han sitt liv. http://domino.idg.se/cs/sprak.nsf/Alla/Turing, Alan
Extractions: brittisk matematiker och datorpionjär (1912-1954). I uppsatsen "On Computable Numbers" från 1936 beskrev Turing vad som nu kallas för Turingmaskinen , en teoretisk modell av ett datorprogram. Syftet med uppsatsen var rent matematiskt, men att resonera i termer av Turingmaskiner ingår fortfarande i datavetenskapen. Turing bevisade, i anslutning till Kurt Gödels ofullständighetssats från 1931, att det inte på förhand går att avgöra om en given matematisk kalkyl går att slutföra inom ändlig tid. Under andra världskriget arbetade Turing med kryptering och var med och knäckte den tyska krypteringsmaskinen Engima. Efter andra världskriget var han med och utvecklade de första datorerna. 1950 publicerade han uppsatsen "Computing Machinery and Intelligence" där han diskuterade ifall datorer kunde anses vara intelligenta. I uppsatsen beskrev han det så kallade Turingtestet . 1952 dömdes Alan Turing för homosexuella handlingar och 1954 tog han sitt liv.
Template Go Back index biographies alan Mathison turing. June 23, 1912 London, EnglandJune 7, 1954, Wilmslow, England. alan turing was born at Paddington, London. http://www.thocp.net/biographies/turing_alan.html
Extractions: related subjects Achievement Biography Alan Turing was born at Paddington, London. His father, Julius Mathison Turing, was a British member of the Indian Civil Service and he was often abroad. Alan's mother, Ethel Sara Stoney, was the daughter of the chief engineer of the Madras railways and Alan's parents had met and married in India. When Alan was about one year old his mother rejoined her husband in India, leaving Alan in England with friends of the family. Alan was sent to school but did not seem to be obtaining any benefit so he was removed from the school after a few months. He was criticised for his handwriting, struggled at English, and even in mathematics he was too interested with his own ideas to produce solutions to problems using the methods taught by his teachers. Despite producing unconventional answers, Turing did win almost every possible mathematics prize while at Sherborne. In chemistry, a subject which had interested him from a very early age, he carried out experiments following his own agenda which did not please his teacher. Turing's headmaster wrote (see for example [5]):- If he is to stay at Public School, he must aim at becoming educated. If he is to be solely a Scientific Specialist, he is wasting his time at a Public School.
Biographie De Turing Translate this page La vie et l'oeuvre de alan turing, mathématicien et logicien anglais,parues dans le magazine Info Science, le Quotidien en ligne. http://www.infoscience.fr/histoire/portrait/turing.html
Extractions: Accueil Actualités En bref Dossiers ... Archives Histoire des sciences Civilisations Portraits Biographies Sciences en culture Livres Cédéroms Télévision Vidéos ... Expositions Dialogues Forums 6 Chat Notre sélection web Vie des universités Petites annonces Adresses Colloques Vie pratique Pollution Météo Astronomie Unités de mesure ... autres portraits Par ses travaux théoriques dans les domaines de la logique et des probabilités, Alan Mathison Turing est considéré, sinon comme le fondateur des ordinateurs, en tout cas comme l'un des pères spirituels de l'intelligence artificielle. Né le 23 juin à Paddington (Londres), Alan est le fils de Julius Mathison, officier de l'armée des Indes et d'Ethel Sarah Turing, fille d'un ingénieur des chemins de fer à Madras. A l'âge d'un an, il est confié par sa mère, qui rejoint alors son mari aux Indes, à la garde d'amis. Le couple ne reviendra en Angleterre qu'en 1926, à la retraite de Julius. Benjamin de la famille, Alan connaît une scolarité sans éclat malgré un esprit brillant et de nettes dispositions pour les sciences. En 1928, à Sherborne School où il est entré deux ans plus tôt, il fait la connaissance de Christopher Marcom. Cette rencontre provoque en lui un déclic et l'amène à s'intéresser réellement à la science et plus exactement aux mathématiques. La relation des deux adolescents s'achève tragiquement en février 1930 avec la mort de Christopher.
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Extractions: Alan Turing British mathematician who invented a conceptual machine with his name (Turing machine), which is quite useful for characterizing the essence of computation. Computability by means of a Turing machine can be clearly defined, and it can replace our informal and intuitive notion of computation (Church-Turing Thesis); but as it turns out, it has a definite limitation. "Can there be a Turing machine which can decide, for any pair of a Turing machine and its input tape, whether it will stop after a finite amount of time?" (Halting Problem) Turing proved that there cannot be any such machine (thus the halting problem is one of the "undecidable problems"). This has a close relationship with Goedel's Incompleteness Theorem. Turing worked, during the war, for manufacturing an actual computing machine: the Colossus for deciphering the German cryptography produced by the machine "Enigma". And after the war, Turing published an influential paper "Computing Machinery and Intelligence" ( Mind , 1950) in which he proposed the "Turing Test" for judging whether or not something is "intelligent". This paper soon became a "classic" both in the field of artificial intelligence and philosophy of mind.
Espionage - Cryptologist - Turing, Alan alan turing. British Cryptologist During World War II (1912 1954). Born inLondon to a civil servant, alan turing graduated from Cambridge in 1934. http://www.angelfire.com/dc/1spy/Turing.html
Extractions: Born in London to a civil servant, Alan Turing graduated from Cambridge in 1934. A mathematical genius, Turing was fascinated by computers and wrote reports on their capabilities as early as 1936. In World War II, Turing worked at the Government Code and Cypher School at Bletchley Park, fifty miles north of London. Three in the Ultra department Turing Gordon Welchman and their gifted superior Dillwyn Knox studied a captured Enigma machine used by the Germans to encrypt their unbreakable codes. They built a duplicate machine that allowed them to crack the German codes and were thus able to supply the Allies with decoded messages passing between members of the German high command, an incredible intellectual achievement that helped to bring the war to a speedier end. When German cryptographers constructed a machine even more sophisticated and advanced than Enigma Knox Turing Welchman and others were able to duplicate it and then respond with their own creation, Colossus , the first programmed electronic digital computer in the world, one which instantly analyzed and deciphered almost every German code.
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Extractions: Tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog verbleef Alan Turing in Engeland. Hij werkte mee aan het geheime project bij de Government Code and Cypher School. Dit was de Britse crypto-analytische dienst, die Duitse berichten onderschepte, analyseerde en ontcijferde. Het team van Alan Turing ontcijferde de enigmacode, waardoor de Engelsen in staat waren de Duitse berichten te lezen. Hierdoor konden bijvoorbeeld de konvooien, die tussen Amerika en Engeland voeren uit de buurt van de Duitse onderzeeërs worden gehouden. Na de oorlog werkte Alan Turing aan het National Physics Laboratory in Teddington (1945-1948). Alan Turing werd directeur van de afdeling die zich met computers bezighield. Hier bouwde Alan Turing de Automatic Computing Engine (ACE), één van de eerste werkende computers. In 1950 publiceerde Alan Turing in het tijdschrift "Mind" het artikel "Computing machinery and intelligence", waarin hij de naar hem genoemde Turing-test beschreef. De Turing-test was een methode om vast te stellen of een computer op vergelijkbare wijze kan denken als een mens.
Turing, Alan Mathison turing, alan Mathison (19121954). English mathematician and logician.In 1936 he described a 'universal computing machine' that http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/T/Turing/1.html
