PALACE MUSEUM PHOTOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION Ch'ing Shihtsu Chung K'uei; Hanging scroll; CV 1 Ta ch'ung-kuang, Wang Hui, YünShou-p'ing, and Yang chin Tao-chi and Wang Yüan-ch'i Bamboo and Orchid; Hanging http://www.umich.edu/~hartspc/aapd/PMPDcat4.html
Extractions: Black and white photographs only from the collection of the National Palace Museum, Taiwan Artists are listed under the following historical periods: Artists are listed alphabetically by Wade-Giles Romanization under the periods in which they worked, and under the names by which they are most commonly known. To search for a specific artist, use the find mode (under Edit) from the pull-down menu. Consult the AAPD Pinyin/Wade-Giles Concordance for help in transliteration. See also Asian Art Photographic Distribution's INDEX OF CHINESE ARTISTS for additional lists. Information contained in this file includes the following: Artist/or period CHING DYNASTY 1644 - 1911 Chang Jo-ai Figure in a Snowy Landscape Hanging scroll CV 107, (5700)
A Piece Of Pi About 150 AD, Ptolemy of Alexandria (Egypt) gave its value as 377/120 and inabout 500 AD the chinese tsu ch'ungchi produced the value as 355/113. http://www.csgnetwork.com/piinfo.html
Extractions: Pi, which is denoted by the Greek letter ( ), is the most famous ratio in mathematics, and is one of the most ancient numbers known to humanity. PI is approximately 3.14, by definition, the number of times that a circle's diameter will fit around the circle. PI goes on forever, and can't be calculated to perfect precision. On our site and in all of our calculators, 3.14159 is the value we use, unless otherwise specified. (You can also calculate it yourself using our PI Calculator . Dividing the PI(e) has always been a problem but sometimes multiplying with it is also. You can do either here PI power is also available.) The only exception is the expatiated calculation below. (I didn't have much to do last night and TV was terrible - the only thing on was the 8,534,565th repeat of Hawaii 50 (divided by PI), so I calculated PI to 10,000 places on my 1959, still working, easy on the eye yellow, NASA issue, Pickett slide rule . I was going to try for a million but the slide was a little dirty and I felt accuracy MIGHT be compromised... We certainly don't want to compromise PI!) The value 3.14159 was defined in 1998 by the Alabama legislature as the official state value for PI. (I'll bet you didn't know that you needed a state value for PI. Of course, they also said that PI are round and cornbread are squared... They would have been better served to say that PI was to personal taste.) This infinite calculation phenomena is known as the decimal expansion of PI. No apparent pattern emerges in the extreme succession of digits; a predestined yet unfathomable code. They do not repeat periodically, but seemingly do pop up repeating a few sequences by blind chance, (lacking any perceivable order, rule, reason, or design). In 1991, the Chudnovsky brothers in New York, using their computer
Prime Curios!: 113 The smallest three digit prime whose product and sum of digits is prime. Russo.tsu ch'ungchi (430-501 AD) and his son stated that is approximately 355/113. http://primes.utm.edu/curios/page.php?number_id=109
Kids Mag Over the centuries, many mathematicians, such as Ptolemy (the ancient Greek astronomer),tsu ch'ungchi (of china) and Ludolph van Ceulen (of Germany) kept http://www.nrich.maths.org.uk/prime/nov99/magazine.htm
Extractions: Maths Is it Spring or Autumn where you live? Well anyway, the weather is changing, and so is our Primary site. Make sure you have a look at the new World of Tan. by Allan White (Australia) Do you know the 'trick' for multiplying any number by 11? Have a look at this website and learn how to do multiplications like 348 x 11 fast in your head! Eleven Times Tables: http://www.learningkingdom.com/eleven/ is the symbol used for this special number comes from working with circles This means that you can work out by dividing distance around a circle by the length of its diameter. The strange thing is that the answer you get can only ever be approximate - that is, you can never have an exact value for pi. This has fascinated mathematicians for a very long time and they have kept trying to find ways to calculate values for pi that are more accurate. To work out the area of a circle you need to use an approximate value for pi (like 3.14) then multiply that by the radius of the circle squared. For example; if the radius was 5 cm, the area would be 3.14 x 5 x 5 = 78.5 square centimetres.
Pinyin To Wade-Giles Conversion Table chi CH'IH, chong ch'ung, chou CH'OU. hui HUI, hun HUN, huo HUO. ji chi, jia chiA,jian chiEN, jiang chiANG, jiao chiAO. zu tsu, zui tsuI, zun tsuN, zong tsuNG, zuoTSO. http://www.daochinasite.com/eng/study/wg.htm
Extractions: conversion table A B C D ... Z a A ai A an AN ang ANG ao AO ba PA bai PAI ban PAN bang PANG bao PAO bei PEI ben PEN beng PENG bi PI bian PIEN biao PIAO bie PIEH bin PIN bing PING bo PO bu PU ca TS'A cai TS'AI can TS'AN cang TS'ANG cao TS'AO ce TS'E cen TS'EN ceng TS'ENG cha CH'A chai CH'AI chan CH'AN chang CH'ANG chao CH'AO che CH'E chen CH'EN cheng CH'ENG chi CH'IH chong CH'UNG chou CH'OU chua CH'UA chuai CH'UAI chuan CH'UAN chuang CH'UANG chu CH'U chui CH'UI chun CH'UN chuo CH'O ci TZ'U cong TS'UNG cou TS'OU cu TS'U cuan TS'UAN cui TS'UI cun TS'UN cuo TS'O da TA dai TAI dan TAN dang TANG dao TAO de TE dei TEI den TUN deng TENG di TI dian TIEN diao TIAO die TIEH ding TING diu TIU dong TUNG dou TOU du TU duan TUAN dui TUI dun TUN duo TO e EH ei EI en EN er ERH fa FA fan FAN fang FANG fo FO fei FEI fen FEN feng FENG fou FOU fu FU ga KA gai KAI gan KAN gang KANG gao KAO ge KO gei KEI gen KEN geng KENG gong KUNG gou KOU gua KUA guai KUAI guan KUAN guang KUANG gu KU gui KUEI gun KUN guo KUO ha HA hai HAI han HAN hang HANG hao HAO he HO hei HEI hen HEN heng HENG hong HUNG hou HOU hua HUA huai HUAI huan HUAN huang HUANG hu HU hui HUI hun HUN huo HUO ji CHI jia CHIA jian CHIEN
0-500 BC Alexandria). 460. Proclus (commentator). 476. Birth of ryabhata;fall of Rome. 480. tsu ch'ungchi's approximation of p as 355/113. http://euphrates.wpunj.edu/courses/math21180/chrono06.htm
Extractions: Possible date of Heron (machines, plane and solid mensuration, root extraction, surveying). Nicomachus (number theory); Menelaus (spherical trigonometry); Theodosius (geometry, astronomy); Arithmetic in Nine Sections Plutarch Ptolemy (trigonometry, table of chords, planetary theory, star catalogue, geodesy, Almagest Probable date of inscriptions carved in the caves at Nasik. Probable date of Diophantus (number theory, syncopation of algebra). Wang Fan (astronomy, p = 142/45); Liu Hui (commentary on the Arithmetic in Nine Sections). Pappus (Mathematical Collection, commentaries, isoperimetry , projective invariance of cross ratio, Castillon-Cramer problem, arbelos theorem generalization of Pythagorean theorem , centroid theorems, Pappus' theorem Iamblichus (number theory). Theon of Alexandria (commentator, edited Euclid's Elements). Hypatia of Alexandria (commentator, first woman mentioned in the history of mathematics, daughter of Theon of Alexandria Proclus (commentator).
³q°T^¤å¥Ø¿ýV6 Then ..Lin tsutzao. Li Han-chi ..HSÜFu SUN ch'ung-t http://www.litphil.sinica.edu.tw/publish/newsletter/éè¨è±æç
Extractions: Vol. 6 No.1 March 1996 Lectures The Tunes in T'ang Hsien-tzu's Drama and His Time............Hsu Shuo-fang On Nei-tan ........................................................................Isabelle Robinet Reconsider the History of Tz'u in Late-Imperial China......................Yen Ti-ch'ang Conference Report of the International Conference on Ming Studies of Confucian Classics................Lin Ch 'i ng-cahng/Chiang Ch 'i u-hua Interviews and Reports The Ts 'a ng-shu-lou in Chia-yeh Its Now and Then....................... L in Tsu-tzao Bibliographies on Selected Topics Bibliography of Research on Hsiao-shuo in the T 'a ng.................Chiang Yi-fang Translation On Chung Po-ching 's Shih-ching chung-p 'i ng and Other Related Problems................................................................................Murayama Yoshihiro Notes on Research Review of the New Sub-genres of Chinese Opera from Northern China in the Ch 'i en-lung Reign................................................................................ C h 'e n Fang Forum On the Definition of "Taoist Literature"...........................................
Wade-Giles To Pinyin Conversion Table uang ch'üeh ch'ui ch'un ch'ün ch'ung cha chai che chen cheng qi qia qiang qiaoqie qian chi qin qing tsang tsao tse tsei tsen tseng tso tsou tsu tsuan tsui http://www.rom.on.ca/pub/unicorn/unipinyi.html
Database: Chinese Zen Masters (IRIZ) Linji Yixuan, Linchi I-hsüan, , Rinzai Gigen. Longtan Chongxin, Lung-t'anCh'ung-hsin, , Ryôtan Mazu Daoyi, Ma-tsu Tao-i, , Baso http://www.iijnet.or.jp/iriz/data/master00.en.html
Mark Humphries : History Of Chinese Mathematics During the 5th Century, tsu Chungchi and his son did even better,finding that 3.1415926 3.1415927. and tsu Chung chi. The http://www.maths.adelaide.edu.au/pure/pscott/history/mark/mhpi.html
Extractions: The Chinese put a lot of emphasis on computing , the ratio a circle's circumference to its diameter. The computation of was an area of mathematics where the Chinese were far ahead of the Western world. From the Arithmetic in Nine Sections , the area of a circle is approximated as the square of the diameter, or one-twelfth of the square of the circumference, which is consistent with a value of 3 for Much progress was made in computing during the Post-Han period, which lasted from 220AD to around 600AD. In the third Century, a general named Wang Fu established the rational approximation for and arriving at the rational approximation , which yields correct to 6 decimal places. This level of precision was not surpassed until 1420, when
Pi Sayýsý 120 olarak vermistir. Ms 500lü yillarda da tsu Chungchininortaya attigi deger 355/113. Ptolemynin buldugu http://www.sanalmatematik.com/d/p.html
Extractions: s a n a l m a t e m a t i k c o m kütüphane e -test yazýlar yarýþma ... linkler Pi sayýsý Þüphesiz ki, pi sayýsý, en ünlü sayýlar arasýndadýr, sembolüyle gösterilir. Pi sayýsý, çemberin çevresinin, çapýna oranýdýr. Tüm çemberler için bu oran sabittir. Pi sayýsýný ünlü yapan, sayýnýn irrasyonel bir sayý olmasý, hatta, irrasyonel sayýlardan da öte bazý özelliklerinin olmasýdýr. Öncelikle bunlara deðinelim. Ýrrasyonel sayý, ondalýk basamak sayýsý sonsuz olan sayýdýr. Örneðin 3 sayýsýnýn ondalýk basamaðý yoktur, yani irrasyonel deðildir, 1,345 sayýsýnýn ondalýk basamak sayýsý üçtür. Yani sonlu sayýdadýr. Bu nedenle 1,345 sayýsý irrasyonel deðildir. En çok karþýmýza çýkan irrasyonel sayýlar, Pi sayýsý, , e gibi sayýlardýr. Burada, sayýsý, birçok fiziksel eþitlikte, sabit sayý olarak kullanýldýðý gibi, örneðin iki kenarýnýn uzunluðu 1 olan bir ikizkenar dik üçgenin hipotenüsüdür. Ayrýca pisagor sabiti olarak bilinir. e sayýsý ise logaritmada karþýmýza çýkar. Doðal logaritmik taban olarak bilinir. Pi sayýsý, bütün irrasyonel sayýlar içinde, hatta tüm sayýlar içinde matematikçiler tarafýndan üzerinde en çok çalýþýlan ve en çok merak uyandýran sayýdýr. Þunu da belirtmek gerekir ki, pi sayýsýnýn irrasyonel bir sayý olduðu ancak 1737de ispatlanmýþtýr.
ZUR ZAHL Pi - Altertum Translate this page tsu Chung chi (Zu Chong Zhi) wurde als Mathematiker und Astronom bekannt und waretwa 800 Jahre lang der Weltrekordhalter in der Präzision der Darstellung http://www.pimath.de/quadratur/pi_geschichte1.html
Extractions: Zur Geschichte der Zahl Pi ( p Altertum 1850/1650 v.Chr. Babylonien 1900 - 1600 v.Chr. Die Griechen 400 - 300 v.Chr. Archimedes 287 - 212 v.Chr. Heron von Alexandria 10-75 n.Chr. 85-165 n.Chr. China 250/430-501 n.Chr. Indien v.Chr. /500 n.Chr Verzeichnis Home weiter Einleitung - p p p des Kreisumfangs zum Kreisdurchmesser soll sich ableiten aus dem griechischen Wort perijeria (periphereia) = Kreis(umfang), Umkreis, Umfangslinie oder auch von perimetros = Umfang. p p p, p Etwa um 1850 v.Chr. enstand das Moskauer Papyrus Das Papyrus Rhind Dieses Dokument befindet sich heute im Britischen Museum in London. POSAMENTIER (The Mathematics Teacher v. 77(1); S.52,47) führt das Buch "La Science Mystérieuse des Pharaons" von Babylonien Babylonien p . Der Wert p diesen Wert an: Die Griechen und die Quadratur des Kreises Antiphon p Seine Idee ging davon aus, dem Kreis Vielecke mit immer größerer Seitenzahl einzuschreiben, so das diese schließlich nicht mehr vom Kreis zu unterscheiden sind und damit der Kreis völlig "erschöpft" ist. Auf Grund dieser Vorgehensweise nennt man diese Technik Exhaustions-Methode.
Chinese Culture Information The Hsiang tsu pi chi, a document written in the early touch is undoubtedlya creation of the chien Lung were ChouLo-yuan, Ting Erh-chung and Yeh http://www.chineseculturesite.com/blank?pageid=6
Taoist Meditation Speculations Answer (The tsu ch'iao cavity in) the center of the the left one stands for t'aichi (supreme ultimate) and the right one for ch'ung ling (immaterial http://www.shieldwolf.net/Oriental/Taoism/speculations.html
Extractions: Taoist Meditation Speculations Wolf Clan Home Home [ Taoist Meditation Speculations ] English Translations of the Tao Excerpt from Original Manuscript by Russ McClay March 19, 1976 From a paper prepared at Orange Coast College , Costa Mesa, California Speculations I have a few speculative concepts on meditation's effectiveness on the practitioner. I hypothesize that performing various breathing techniques, while concentrating on the third eye (pineal pseudo-location), will inevitably and imperceptibly stimulate the pineal to produce less melatonin and serotonin which in turn brings about a change in consciousness, creating naturally the dynamic somatics of a truly religio-spiritual experience. Indeed we know now how light plays an important role in the pineal's production of various hormones and neurotransmitter-related molecules and we can rather loosely associate this with the "Light" that often accompanies one during solitudinous "third eye meditations". Many have witnesses the light in the past and many more will witness. [33] The following is a question and answer dialogue between Lu K'uan Yu (student) and Liao Jan (teacher) concerning Taoist meditation techniques: Question: I have read Taoist books which all urge the development of the light in the original cavity or center of spirit (tsu ch'iao, in the center of the brain between the eyes) at the start of practice but I do not see why. All Taoist schools regard this as the aim of the cultivation of (essential) nature without giving details. Will you please tell me where true nature actually manifests?
Word Mapping Table For Pinyin, Wade-Giles And Yale Translate this page ao Chau Che Ch'e Che Chen Ch'en Chen Cheng Ch'eng Cheng chi Ch'ih Chr Chong Ch'ungChung Chou Ch Tz'u Tsz Cong Ts'ung tsung Cou Ts'ou Tsou Cu Ts'u tsu Cuan Ts http://www.m.isar.de/denner/neijia/romanisation/mapping.html
Extractions: Author David Aspinwall to neijia list 12 Oct 1994 Since there's been some confusion about pinyin lately, heres a table mapping between pinyin, Wade-Giles, and Yale romanization systems. I've modified this from an index file created by Ed Lai. Colons are meant to be umlauts. For English speakers, Yale is the most intuitive system. If you want to make a half-assed guess as to the pronounciation of a word, Yale is a good starting point. Pinyin is the standard system in China, and is used by most newspapers in the U.S. now. Wade-Giles used to be the most common system, and is still seen in many books. Sponsor Taiji Collection
Conversion Table keng k'eng cheng ch'eng gan kan kong k'ung chi ch'ih gang kang kou k'ou chong ch'unggao kao zhun chun zhuo cho zi tzu zong tsung zou tsou zu tsu zuan tsuan http://larsbo.homepage.dk/conversion.html
Extractions: To understand how to pronounce the Chinese characters fairly accurately, one must study the basics of each system. For example in Wade Giles tiao is pronounced diao . If it should be pronounced with initial t sound, then it should be written tiao Cheng is pronounced djeng and Cheng is pronounced tjeng pu bu pu pu yu is pronounced you etc. Chinese has comparatively few sounds. Therefore it is impossible to see exactly which character is mentioned if the character is not in a context as there can be many different characters which are transcribed in the same way. Pronunciation is not a major concern for most numismatists, but the correct writing is always important in order to avoid mistakes in catalogues and price lists.
Wade-Giles To Pinyin Conversion bei t'ai tai t'un tun ch'a cha ch'ung chong juan nai sao sao tsai zai yüeh yue ch'ihchi hsi xi k chua huang huang lan lan nuan nuan shuang shuang tsu zu chuai http://www.cohums.ohio-state.edu/deall/jin.3/c231/refs/w2p.htm
Music By Numbers Highly recommended. * Chinese characters appear on the right. (His name is tsu ch'ungChiin Wade-Giles romanisation, read So Chuushi in Japanese.) Lived AD http://imaginatorium.org/books/mathmus.htm
Extractions: Thomas Levenson - "Measure for Measure" I was partly spurred into thinking about this by some nonsense I found about crop circles and "diatonic ratios". Claims that "no-one had ever previously linked mathematics to music" and stuff like that. Jamie James' book is the best to read as an antidote. Osserman is a close second, and Levenson a near miss. "Only gather 2, 3, 4, and 5 together, and the mumbo-jumbo artists of the world will construct a theory, a conspiracy, or a piece of magick." Making scales - Honest, yet ill-fitting work on the numbers Crop circles - "Diatonic ratios" perhaps, but fairly obviously bogus "Euler and Bach lived in the eighteenth century and, as was traditional at the time, they worked under the patronage of the nobility or royalty." "Beethoven and Gauss, by contrast, personified the romantic ideals of the early nineteenth century."
Page 2 Translate this page Mais cest en chine, quapparut ensuite une meilleure approximationpuisque tsu Chung-chi proposa 355/113 soit 3,14592 . http://www.ac-orleans-tours.fr/maths-1/rallye/dossiers99/fla/pi2.htm
Extractions: 3ème 1 Collège Condorcet Fleury les Aubrais (Loiret) p a) Les premières découvertes Dans l' Ancien Testament , il est affirmé que p est égal à Les Babyloniens , vers 2000 avant J.C. supposaient que p était égal à 3 , puis à soit L e scribe égyptien Ahmès p ), ce qui conduit à p , soit environ b) Les premiers " records " Archimède ,vers 250 avant J.C.,après avoir tracé un cercle de diamètre 1,calcula les aires de polygones réguliers inscrits et circonscrits ( à 4,6,8,16,24,32,48,64,et 96 côtés) , et ainsi donna des encadrements de p tels que : p soit p p Ptolémée utilise soit Al-Kashi , au quinzième siècle, calcula les 14 premières décimales - Les Européens rattrapèrent leur retard, au seizième siècle, grâce à Ludolph van Ceulen qui trouva, aux Pays-Bas, 20, puis 32 et 35 décimales . D’oû le nom de " nombre de Ludolph " employé par les Allemands pour désigner p. Viète donna en 1592, la première formule :
