PPE - Working Class Encyclopedia H2 and tuned in. hippocrates of chios (c430 BC) Greek mathematician.First to compile elements of geometry. PRS. HIPPOCRATES of Cos http://hammer.prohosting.com/~penz/encycl/h2encyc.htm
Extractions: (1812-70) Russian writer. Known as a revolutionary writer yet commenting on the revolutionary year 1848 his 'Epilogue to 1849' opens " A curse upon thee, year of blood and madness, year of victorious stupidity, brutality and dullness. A curse upon thee! " He wished to replace the fanatical zeal of revolutionaries and Socialists with a carefully directed will, seeing history as a creative process, not preordained. He fled Russia in 1847 and lived chiefly in London. As known for his autobiography 'My Past and Thoughts', as well as 'From the Other Shore' (1850) which expresses his violent disillusion with revolution. [TBD] HESIOD (1914-) Norwegian explorer. Conducted a series of oceanic expeditions aimed at elucidating the spread of early civilizations. He has investigated the possibility of pre-Columbian contact between Egypt and South America, the settlement of Polynesia by voyagers from ancient Peru, and the spread of Sumerian culture through far-flung sea travel. [GRL] HEYWARD
Euclid And The Elements Essay by JaneMarie Wright, Suffolk County Community College, NY.Category Science Math Geometry People Historical Euclid Euclid's axiomatic approach to geometry is what caused it to eclipse other Elements written before it (such as that of hippocrates of chios). http://www2.sunysuffolk.edu/wrightj/MA28/Euclid/Essay.htm
Extractions: Euclid and the Elements Very little is known about the life of Euclid. He taught and wrote at the Museum and Library of Alexandria (Greece) around 300 BCE. The government established the Museum as a place where scholars would meet and discuss ideas. The fellows received a stipend and were exempt from taxation. An anecdote about Euclid is that when Ptolemy requested a short cut to geometric knowledge, Euclid replied that there "is no royal road to geometry." Another story is that when a student asked what practical use studying geometry could be, Euclid ordered a slave to give the man a penny, since "he must make gain from what he learns." Euclid wrote at least ten books on subjects ranging from mathematics to optics. His Elements was a textbook that was a compilation of mathematical knowledge of the time. The thirteen books included sections on geometry, number theory, and solid geometry. No original copy of the Elements exists. Over the centuries, errors entered manuscripts, as well as addition and "clarifications." Modern editions are based on a revision by the Greek commentator Theon (approx. 400 AD). The first complete Latin (the international language of science) appeared in the eighth century. The first printed English translation appeared in 1482 (Campanus). The first complete English translated was the Billingsley translation (1571). The importance of the Elements lies not only in the mathematical content, but in the structure and organization of the book. Euclid's axiomatic approach to geometry is what caused it to eclipse other "Elements" written before it (such as that of Hippocrates of Chios). Euclid starts with basic ideas and builds systematically on them. "To the modern reader, the work is incredibly dull. There are no examples, there is no motivation, there are no witty remarks, there is no calculation. There are simply definitions, axioms and proofs."
2verk2c 3. hippocrates frá chios. Hér er ég komin í sögu af hippocratesfrá chios sem var uppi mörgum öldum fyrir fæðingu Krists. http://www.ismennt.is/vefir/heilabrot/2verk5c.htm
- Great Books - Erasistratus of chios (c. 304 BCc. 250 BC The first real development of anatomy asa science, however, did not come until the time of hippocrates of Cos, about http://www.malaspina.com/site/person_516.asp
Extractions: Greek anatomist who continued the systematic investigation of anatomy begun by Herophilus in Alexandria. Anatomical knowledge had its beginnings very early in the history of the race. Animal sacrifices led to a knowledge of animal anatomy which was readily applied to man. The art of embalming also necessitated a knowledge of the position of blood vessels and certain organic relations. Even Homer used many terms which indicate a much deeper knowledge of human structures than might be expected thus early. The first real development of anatomy as a science, however, did not come until the time of Hippocrates of Cos, about 400 B.C. The Grecian Father of Medicine knew the bones well, probably because of the ready opportunities for their study to be found in tombs, but did not know the distinction between veins and arteries, and uses the term artiria in reference to the trachea. He used the term nerve to signify a sinew or tendon. Until the time of Aristotle , about 330 B.C., no additions were made to anatomical knowledge. There seems to be no doubt that this Grecian philosopher frequently dissected animals. His description of the aorta and its branches is surprisingly correct. This is the first time in the history of anatomy that the word aorta, Greek aorti, a knapsack, was used. His knowledge of the nerves was almost as little as that of
Web Data Structures And Algorithms Lecture notes and links for a course by Godfried Toussaint.Category Computers Algorithms More about Heron of Alexandria. The Lunes of hippocrates More about hippocratesof chios. Wonders of Ancient Greek Geometry. (3) Modern Models of Computation. http://cgm.cs.mcgill.ca/~godfried/teaching/algorithms-web.html
Extractions: "Computer science is no more about computers than astronomy is about telescopes." E. W. Dijkstra Useful General Links Godfried Toussaint's Course Topics on the Web 251B - Course Pages Mike Hallet's web page (Luc Devroye's Class Notes) ... The Algorithm Archive ( descriptions, references and downloadable code for many algorithms) The Complete Collection of Algorithm Animations David Eppstein's course on algorithms Algorithms Course at the University of Aberdeen Specific Course Material: 308-251A Chapter Index: The Complexity of Algorithms The Correctness of Algorithms Linear Data Structures Graphs ... Geometric Algorithms Gravity as a Computer: Computing the Centroid of a Polygon with a Plumbline The Knotted String Computer Pythagoras' Theorem: Pythagoras' Theorem (An award winning proof and interactive Java applet demo) Animated Proof of the Pythagoream Theorem by M. D. Meyerson A Hinged Dissection Proof of the Pythagorean Theorem Other Dissection Proof s (with interactive Java applets) Two dozen other proofs of the Pythagorean theorem The Converse of Pythagoras' Theorem The Abacus The Abacus in various number systems ... Links to History of Computing Francois Labelle's Tutorial on the Complexity of Ruler and Compass Constructions (with interactive Java applet) GRACE (A graphical ruler and compass editor) The straight-edge and compass Constructive geometry of the Greeks Geometric constructions Geometrography and the Lemoine simplicity of geometric constructions ... More Euclid on the Web Relative computing power of models of computation:
Integrals problem can be solve by evaluating an integral. Historically, Hippocratesof chios (ca. 440 BC) performed the first quadratures when http://occawlonline.pearsoned.com/bookbind/pubbooks/thomas_awl/chapter1/medialib
Extractions: History of the Integral Integral calculus originated with quadrature and cubature problems. To solve a quadrature problem means to find the exact value of the area of a two-dimensional region whose boundary consists of one or more curve(s), or of a three-dimensional surface, again whose boundary consists of at least one curve. For a cubature problem, we want to determine the exact volume of a three-dimensional solid bounded at least in part by curved surfaces. Today, the use of the term quadrature hasnt changed much: mathematicians, scientists, and engineers commonly say that they have "reduced a problem to a quadrature," and mean that they have taken a complicated problem, simplified it by various means, and now the problem can be solve by evaluating an integral. Historically, Hippocrates of Chios (ca. 440 B.C. ) performed the first quadratures when he found the areas of certain lunes , regions that resemble the moon at about its first quarter. Antiphon (ca. 430 B.C. ) claimed that he could "square the circle" (i.e. find the area of a circle) with an infinite sequence of inscribed regular polygons: first, a square; second, an octagon; next, a 16-gon; etc., etc. His problem was the "etc., etc.." Because Antiphons quadrature of the circle required an infinite number of polygons, it could never be finished. He would have had to use the modern concept of the limit to produce a rigorous mathematical completion of this process. But Antiphon did have the start of a major idea, now called the
Hippocrates, Part 1 If you should happen to read in a book of mathematical history that hippocrates ofChios, contemporary of Plato in 5th century BC Athens, succeeded in squaring http://users.ncia.net/~bobmead/hippoc1.htm
Extractions: Introduction The story of mathematics, and the achievements and biographies of its practitioners, is intriguing in every way. This series of articles will trace one concept, that of the area of planar figures, through four eras in history. We will see those particular problems and applications of area measurement that faced mathematicians in each era. We will examine the strengths and weaknesses of various approaches. We will see evidence of startling creativity in the solutions, and what is more, we will see the "look" and substance of mathematics change forever. In Part One we visit ancient Greece and witness their best minds struggle with making geometry a logical system. We will see their attempts to create a basis of comparison for all planar areas in a topic known as quadrature. Each achievement gave rise to many new questions. An important one to keep in mind as you read is: could Euclidian geometry ever reach the degree of comprehensiveness and efficiency needed to solve all the quantitative problems of our universe? In Part Two we will see the achievements of ancient cultures, both Eastern and Western, congregate and synthesize in the Arabian Empire after the fall of Rome. A system to be known as algebra will unify much of Greek geometry, Hindu number theory, and application problems from the earliest civilizations. Area will be a key link in the theory of quadratics.
History Of Mathematics: Chronology Of Mathematicians A list of all of the important mathematicians working in a given century.Category Science Math Mathematicians Directories Oenopides of chios (c. 450?) *SB; Leucippus (c. 450) *SB *MT; Hippocratesof chios (fl. c. 440) *SB; Meton (c. 430) *SB; Hippias of Elis (fl. http://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/mathhist/chronology.html
Extractions: Note: there are also a chronological lists of mathematical works and mathematics for China , and chronological lists of mathematicians for the Arabic sphere Europe Greece India , and Japan 1700 B.C.E. 100 B.C.E. 1 C.E. To return to this table of contents from below, just click on the years that appear in the headers. Footnotes (*MT, *MT, *RB, *W, *SB) are explained below Ahmes (c. 1650 B.C.E.) *MT Baudhayana (c. 700) Thales of Miletus (c. 630-c 550) *MT Apastamba (c. 600) Anaximander of Miletus (c. 610-c. 547) *SB Pythagoras of Samos (c. 570-c. 490) *SB *MT Anaximenes of Miletus (fl. 546) *SB Cleostratus of Tenedos (c. 520) Katyayana (c. 500) Nabu-rimanni (c. 490) Kidinu (c. 480) Anaxagoras of Clazomenae (c. 500-c. 428) *SB *MT Zeno of Elea (c. 490-c. 430) *MT Antiphon of Rhamnos (the Sophist) (c. 480-411) *SB *MT Oenopides of Chios (c. 450?) *SB Leucippus (c. 450) *SB *MT Hippocrates of Chios (fl. c. 440) *SB Meton (c. 430) *SB
Medicinas Clásicas hippocrates. hippocrates (BBC Education). Hipocrates's Life. hippocrates ofChios. hippocrates on the Web. History of Medicine. University of Manitoba. http://www.historiadelamedicina.org/sistemas/clasica.html
Extractions: ChiMed - The ChiMed web site is managed by an international group of scholars who study the history of medicine in China. We hope it will serve as an electronic clearinghouse where people with similar interests can meet to exchange information and ideas. Chimed, Electronic Resources Exploring Chinese Herbal Medicine Can Foster Discovery Of Better Drugs Exploring Ancient World Cultures. An introduction to Ancient World Culture on the WWW Galen ...
Ask Jeeves: Search Results For "Aristotle Mathematician" http//plato.stanford.edu/entries/aristotlemetaphysics/ 6. hippocrates Famous Leadersfor Young Readers, hippocrates http//www.gardenofpraise.com/ibdhipp.htm http://webster.directhit.com/webster/search.aspx?qry=Aristotle Mathematician
Jays Web Magazine Initiated by men like Pythagoras of Samos (late 6th century) and hippocrates ofChios (late 5th century), the theoretical form of geometry was advanced by http://www.jaysnet.com/666revelation2.html
Extractions: In Christianity, the first and last letters of the Greek alphabet, used to designate the comprehensiveness of God, implying that God includes all that can be. In the New Testament Revelation to John, the term is used as the self-designation of God and of Christ. The reference in Revelation likely had a Jewish origin, based on such Old Testament passages as Isa. 44:6 ("I am the first and the last"), and Ps. 90:2 ("from everlasting to everlasting thou art God"). In rabbinic literature, the word emet ("truth"), composed of the first and last letters of the Hebrew alphabet, is "the seal of God," and in Judaic tradition it carries somewhat the same connotation as Alpha and Omega. Such hints about the nature of early Greek practical mathematics are confirmed in later sources, for example, in the arithmetic problems in papyrus texts from Ptolemaic Egypt (from the 3rd century BC onward) and the geometric manuals by Hero of Alexandria (1st century AD). In its basic manner this Greek tradition was much like the earlier traditions in Egypt and Mesopotamia. Indeed, it is likely that the Greeks borrowed from such older sources to some extent. Before the discovery of the celebrated Dead Sea Scrolls, several Square Hebrew inscriptions belonging mainly to the 1st century BC and the succeeding centuries were known; they were found on rocks, tombs, or ossuaries (depositories for the bones of the dead) and in synagogues and catacombs in Palestine, Syria, North Africa, and Italy. The biblical manuscripts, except for some fragments written on papyrus, belong to a much later date. The earliest fragment is the Nash papyrus of approximately the 1st century BC, now in the University of Cambridge Library. Many thousands of fragments of Hebrew biblical and other manuscripts, partly of the 7th and 8th centuries AD, were discovered in the Geniza, an archive in the old synagogue in Cairo.
Timeline Of Greek And Roman Philosophers Protagoras (480411 BC) Greek philosopher, Protagoras. hippocrates ofChios (c. 470-c. 410 BC) Greek mathematician, hippocrates. Socrates http://ancienthistory.about.com/library/bl/bl_time_philosophers.htm
Extractions: Kos Ferry to Greek Islands Greek Islands Ferry Schedule Samos On-line ... Kos HISTORY According to the myth, Kos was the homeland of the Giants. It was settled during he Neolithic era by Carians, Phoenicians, Pelasgians and later by the Dorians. Along with Halikarnossos, Knidos, Lindos, Ialyssos and Kameiros, it was a member of the Dorian Hexapolis formed in 700 BC. The city of Kos was founded in the 4th century BC, and it remained the center of island life until 6th century AD, when it was destroyed by an earthquake. Many great personalities of the ancient world claimed Kos as their birthplace: Hippocrates and Pythagoras are but two of the best known. After the decline of Rome, Kos began to prosper again in the Middle Ages. The Knights of St. John controlled the island from the 14th century until the Turkey conquest in 1522. Held by the Turks until 1912, when it passed to the Italians; it was united with Greece in 1947. The modern city was rebuilt after the devastating earthquake of 1933. SIGHTSEEING HOW TO GO : Take a ferry from Kusadasi to Samos then from Samos to Kos. Please refer to
Web Excursions In Computer Science Computer science is no more about computers than astronomy is abouttelescopes. . EW Dijkstra. Extrinsic Useful Material A Beginner's http://www-cgrl.cs.mcgill.ca/~godfried/teaching/ecs-web.html
Extractions: "Computer science is no more about computers than astronomy is about telescopes." E. W. Dijkstra Extrinsic Useful Material: A Beginner's Guide to HTML The World Wide Web Help Page The Analytical Engine Online (Introduction to Computer Science Course on the Web). Check the green resources button under each module for tons of material. Tools for Thought Specific Course Material Index: Algorithms and Ancient Machines Algorithms and Modern Machines Processing Numbers Processing Text ... Philosophical, Ethical and Social Implications of Computers Computers: From the Past to the Present Modular Arithmetic with Ashtrays and Pebbles Modular Arithmetic Calculator Modular Arithmetic Practice Session Gravity as a Computer Computing the Centroid of a Polygon with a Plumbline The Knotted String Computer Pythagoras' Theorem: Pythagoras' Theorem (An award winning proof and interactive demo) Animated Proof of the Pythagoream Theorem by M. D. Meyerson A Hinged Dissection Proof of the Pythagorean Theorem Other Dissection Proofs (with interactive Java applets) The Chinese Square Proof of the Pythagorean Theorem Two dozen other proofs of the Pythagorean theorem The Converse of Pythagoras' Theorem The Abacus The Abacus in various number systems Napier's Bones in Various Bases The Virtual Museum of Computing ... Links to History of Computing Euclid's Elements Euclid of Alexandria More Euclid on the Web Relative computing power of machines
Lycos æç´¢ The summary for this Frisian page contains characters that cannot be correctly displayed in this language/character set. http://hk.lycosasia.com/dir/Animals_and_Classifications/Vertebrates/Information_
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