Geometry.Net - Scientists: Backus John

IBM Archives -- Catalog / Personal Names / Backus, John / Research
Limit formats. All Formats Image. Subjects. Folders. Programming Groups,19481958 Item 13743 Articles, clippings, memorandums, chronologies
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Acoustical Foundations Of Music; Author: Backus, John; Hardback; Book
Acoustical Foundations Of Music Author backus, john Hardback;Book, ENGLISH BOOKS DEPARTMENT, Join the NetStore Cooperative,
http://www.opengroup.com/mubooks/039/0393090965.shtml
DBLP John Backus
dblp.unitrier.de john backus. List of publications from the DBLP Bibliography Server- FAQ 2001. 2, john backus Funding the Computing Revolution's Third Wave.
http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/indices/a-tree/b/Backus:John.html
John Backus
Table of Contents I Claim to Fame john's most celebrated accomplishment is the supervision of the development of the Fortran language.
http://www2.sis.pitt.edu/~mbsclass/hall_of_fame/backus.htm

Extractions: John's most celebrated accomplishment is the supervision of the development of the Fortran language. Fortran was the first high level programming language to be developed, and the concepts have been copied numerous times in the development of other programming languages. Upon the completion of his work on the Fortran project, John recognized that everyday grammar is not sufficient to coherently explain the syntax of a programming language. With the assistance of Peter Naur, he derived a context free grammar, BNF notation , that gained popularity by explaining the syntax of the Algol language. However, John was still dissatisfied with the von Neumann style of programming, which Fortran follows. In his Turing Award Lecture, "Can Programming be Liberated from the von Neumann Style?", he presents the idea that program languages should allow the programmer to state what should happen without worrying about how the computer should implement it. This idea led to his development of
DBLP John W. Backus
dblp.unitrier.de john W. backus. 1998. 8, john W. backus The History of FortranI, II, and III. IEEE Annals of the History of Computing 20(4) 68-78 (1998). 1985.
http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/indices/a-tree/b/Backus:John_W=.html
Public Review Comment 85 From John Backus [john@beechglen.com] Reply Public Revi
Search in WPORG Search Tips 47873 backus, Michael john usma1990-I1 FEEDBACK ADMIN
http://www.ncits.org/archive/2001/it01201r/prcmt85_x3_23a.pdf
John Backus
john backus see also. Achievement As projectleader with IBM john backus developedin the early 1950's with his team Fortran Formula Translator.
http://www.thocp.net/biographies/backus_john.htm

Extractions: Achievement As projectleader with IBM John Backus developed in the early 1950's with his team: Fortran - Formula Translator. The first high level programming language. This language is most widely used in physics and engineering. He was also responsible for the Backus-Naur Form (or BNF), a standard notation which can be used to decribe the sytanx of a computer language in a formal and unambiguous way. Biography John Backus was born in Philadelphia in 1924, and grew up near there in Wilmington, Delaware. His family was wealthy, and Backus attended the prestigious Hill School in Pottstown, Pennsylvania. He was not a good student, and his years at the Hill School were marked by a series of failures. Poor grades and attendance record notwithstanding, Backus graduated from the Hill School in 1942 and entered the University of Virginia. His father, at one time a chemist, wanted him to major in chemistry. Backus did study chemistry for awhile, and enjoyed the theoretical aspects of the science, but he disliked the lab work. By the end of his second semester, his class attendance fell to once a week, and school authorities expelled him. He joined the Army in 1942.
Citation
6 backus, john 1954 May 21. Letter to JH Laning, Jr. Teddington, Middlesex, EnglandThe National Physical Laboratory. 8 backus, john 1976 June 1015.
http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=808380&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=11111111&CF
Sound References
Am I Too Loud? , Jour Audio Engineering Soc, V25, p126, Mar 1977. backus, john,The Acoustical Foundations of Music, 2nd Ed, WW Norton, New York, 1977.
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/sound/souref.html

Extractions: Sound References Aldred, John, Manual of Sound Recording, London:Fountain Press, 1972 "Am I Too Loud?", Jour Audio Engineering Soc, V25, p126, Mar 1977. Backus, John, The Acoustical Foundations of Music, 2nd Ed, W W Norton, New York, 1977 Benade, Arthur H., Fundamentals of Musical Acoustics, Oxford University Press, 1976 Beranek, Music, Acoustics and Architecture, Wiley, 1962 Berg, Richard E. and Stork, David G., The Physics of Sound, 2nd Ed., Prentice Hall, 1995 Boehm, Theobold, The Flute and Flute Playing, New York: Dover, 1964. Borden, G. J. and Harris, K. S., Speech Science Primer: Physiology, Acoustics and Perception of Speech, 2nd Ed, Williams and Wilkins, 1984 Cohen, Abraham B, Hi-Fi Loudspeakers and Enclosures, Hayden, 1968 Coltman, John W., Acoustics of the Flute, Physics Today 21, p25-32, November 1968 Coltman, John W., "Sounding Mechanism of the Flute and Organ Pipe", J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 44 (1968) Coltman, John, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 60, 725 (1976) Denes, Peter B. and Pinson, Elliot N., The Speech Chain, Bell Telephone Laboratories, 1963 Denyer, Ralph, The Guitar Handbook, Alfred A. Knopf, 1982.
Genealogy Data
Spencer, Peter Dwight Back to Main Page. backus, john Gender Male FamilyChildren backus, Jennie Back to Main Page. Wilkins, Alexander
http://www.vanvalkenburg.org/VVGene/dat212.html
John Backus Biography
The john backus Archive. Biography of john backus (1911 1988). john backusdied on October 28, 1988 in the UCLA Medical Center at the age of 77.
http://ccrma-www.stanford.edu/marl/Backus/BackusBio.html

Extractions: John Backus was a research physicist who trained under E.O. Lawrence at the Berkeley Laboratories and was on the faculty of the University of Southern California from 1945 to 1980, where he did research on gaseous discharges in strong magnetic fields. In addition he organized elementary courses in musical acoustics, thus bringing his special interests in music into the laboratory. He was a fine musician, playing the bassoon, clarinet and other woodwinds, the piano, as well as conducting local orchestras. John received the Acoustical Society of America 's Silver Medal (for musical acoustics) in 1986 "for pioneering research on the acoustics of woodwind and brass instruments and for bridging the gap between acousticians and musicians." John was an enthusiastic climber and holds the Sierra Club record for scaling 270 peaks six times. His textbook Acoustical Foundations of Music (W.W.Norton, 1969) was the first text in musical acoustics and was used widely. John Backus died on October 28, 1988 in the UCLA Medical Center at the age of 77. Citation to John G. Backus
Dr. John Backus
Dr. john backus Retired Fellow Primary Work Institution IBM Almaden ResearchCenter Work Status at Primary Work Institution Retired Election Year 1977
http://www.nae.edu/nae/naepub.nsf/Members By UNID/A93FFF3DCE397F83852569E00060C0
Members By Primary Section
M. Aho, Alfred V. Allen, Frances E. Amdahl, Gene M. Anderson, Arthur G. Armstrong,john A. Atal, Bishnu S. Auslander, Marc A. backus, john Bajcsy, Ruzena K
http://www.nae.edu/nae/naepub.nsf/MembersSec?OpenForm&05,M,1
CHM Computer History Online Exhibits
john backus, john backus (1924 1998 Fellow Award Recipient For his developmentof FORTRAN, contributions to computer systems theory and software project
http://www.computerhistory.org/exhibits/hall_of_fellows/
CHM Computer History Online Exhibits
john backus (1924 1998 Fellow Award Recipient For his development of FORTRAN,contributions to computer systems theory and software project management.
http://www.computerhistory.org/exhibits/hall_of_fellows/backus/

Extractions: For his development of FORTRAN, contributions to computer systems theory and software project management. John Backus led a team at IBM in 1957 that created the first successful high-level programming language, FORTRAN. It was designed to solve problems in science and engineering, and many dialects of the language are still in use throughout the world. Describing the development of FORTRAN, Backus said "We simply made up the language as we went along. We did not regard language design as a difficult problem, merely a simple prelude to the real problem: designing a compiler which could produce efficient programs...We also wanted to eliminate a lot of the bookkeeping and detailed, repetitive planning which hand coding involved." The name FORTRAN comes from FORmula TRANslation. The language was designed for solving engineering and scientific problems. FORTRAN IV was first introduced by IBM in the early 1960s and still exists in a number of similar dialects on machines from various manufacturers. Hall of Fellows
About Us: Vingettes Of Historical CS Figures - JOHN BACKUS
About Us Vingettes of Historical CS Figures john backus. john backus We didn'tknow what we wanted and how to do it. john backus on the invention of FORTRAN.
http://www.cs.ou.edu/about_us/backus.shtml

Extractions: We didn't know what we wanted and how to do it. It just sort of grew. The first struggle was over what the language would look like. Then how to parse expressions - it was a big problem and what we did looks astonishingly clumsy now.... John Backus on the invention of FORTRAN Necessity, says the adage, is the mother of invention. Yet some inventors are motivated less by necessity than by sheer irritation at the messiness or inefficiency of the way things are. John Backus is such an inventor. He played an inspirational role in three great creations: FORTRAN, the first high level programming language; Backus-Naur Form, which provides a way to describe grammatical rules for high level languages; and lastly a functional programming language called FP, which advocates a mathematical approach to programming. Today, each of his inventions drives research and commercial agendas throughout the planet. Yet Backus's own life is one of restless energy - from his youth through his retirement. A distaste for inefficiency seems to run in the family. Before World War I, Backus's father had risen from a modest background to the post of chief chemist for the Atlas Powder Company, a manufacturer of nitroglycerine to be used in explosives. His promotion came for good reason.
No Match For John Backus
No match for john backus. Sorry, the term john backus is not in the dictionary.Check the spelling and try removing suffixes like ing and -s .
http://wombat.doc.ic.ac.uk/foldoc/foldoc.cgi?John Backus
John And Sarah (Backus) Reynolds Of Saybrook, Lyme And Norwich, Conn.
The family of john and Sarah (backus) Reynolds was originally published by theRFA in 1928. 22, 1730 Nathaniel Rudd 215 john backus 216 Timothy backus Jr.
http://www.narnet.com/rfa/line15/

Extractions: The First and Second Generations The family of John and Sarah ( Backus Reynolds was originally published by the RFA in 1928. Marion Reynolds was assisted in compiling the family data by Mrs. Anna Rippier . Many records of the family can be found in the Norwich CT town records. The RFA is fortunate to have had the assistance of Pat Daniels of Desert Hot Springs, CA in updating the information on the descendants of John and Sarah. The First Geneation This genealogy is an account of John and Sarah ( Backus Reynolds and their descendants. Their history is associated with the early southern Connecticut towns of Saybrook, Lyme and Norwich. We do not know anything of John prior to 1659, but it seems probable that he was born in England between 1615 and 1635. In Hotten's lists of early immigrants we find the following:
Biography.com
Backhuysen or *Bakhuizen, Ludolf, 1631 1708. backus, Isaac, 1724 1806. backus,john, 1924 . Bacon, Delia Salter, 1811 1859. Bacon, Francis, 1909 1992.
http://search.biography.com/bio_browse.pl?letter=B&num=50
Objects First: John Backus
Objects First. john backus. john backus made a number of significantcontributions to the advancement of computer science he designed
http://ciips.ee.uwa.edu.au/~morris/Year1/CLP110/backus.html

Extractions: John Backus made a number of significant contributions to the advancement of computer science: he designed FORTRAN, the first high level computer language. FORTRAN (FORmula TRANslator) is still widely used for scientific and engineering calculations. He was also responsible for the Backus-Naur Form (or BNF), a standard notation which can be used to describe the syntax of a computer language in a formal and unambiguous way. Some other references to his life and work: Back to Functions Back to the Table of Contents John Morris

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