Geometry.Net - Nobel: Bardeen John

Physics Nobel Laureates 1950 - 1974
The first nobel prize in physics was awarded to Wilhelm Röntgen in 1901. bardeen,john, USA, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, * 1908, + 1991; and.
http://www1.physik.tu-muenchen.de/~gammel/matpack/html/Chronics/physics_laureate

Extractions: Kungl. Vetenskapsakademien POWELL, CECIL FRANK, Great Britain, Bristol University, "for his development of the photographic method of studying nuclear processes and his discoveries regarding mesons made with this method". The prize was awarded jointly to: COCKCROFT, Sir JOHN DOUGLAS, Great Britain, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Harwell, Didcot, Berks., + 1967; and WALTON, ERNEST THOMAS SINTON, Ireland, Dublin University, "for their pioneer work on the transmutation of atomic nuclei by artificially acce lerated atomic particles". The prize was awarded jointly to: BLOCH, FELIX, U.S.A., Stanford University, Stanford, CA, * 1905 (in Zürich, Switzerland), + 1983; and PURCELL, EDWARD MILLS, U.S.A., Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, "for their development of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements and discoveries in connection therewith". ZERNIKE, FRITS (FREDERIK), the Netherlands, Groningen University, "for his demonstration of the phase contrast method, especially for his invention of the phase contrast microscope".
AFOSR Nobel Winners
Air Force Office of Scientific Research nobel Prize Winners Sponsored by AFOSR. 1955,1954. john bardeen University of Illinois, Urbana, IL. Physics.
http://www.afosr.af.mil/afrnobel.htm
John Bardeen
This makes me the first person ever to win two nobel Prizes in the same Below isa list of all of the resources I used to find information john bardeen.
http://www.northstar.k12.ak.us/schools/ryn/projects/inventors/bardeen/bardeen.ht

Extractions: By: Jessica Why don't we start from the beginning. Or in my case, as far back as I can remember. You must keep in mind that I'm pretty old because I died nine years ago. I was born on May 23, 1908. I guess I had a fairly normal childhood, I really don't remember much. The one thing that sticks out in my mind is my mother's death. She died when I was only twelve. Her name was Althea Harmer and I loved her dearly. Some say that after her death, I had begun to experience my first heartache. She was a wonderful person and studied oriental art at the Pratt Institute. She made a living by practicing interior design in Chicago. My father didn't waste any time and got remarried to a lady named Ruth Hames one year later. While I loved her, she was never able to replace my mother. Now for the theory of superconductivity. I developed the theory of superconductivity with the help of two colleagues. They were Leon Cooper and John Schrieffer. The theory of superconductivity is the property of some metals to lose all electrical resistance at very low temperatures. Superconductivity itself is the ability of some substances to conduct electricity without resistance at extremely low temperatures. Now the theory is referred to as the BCS theory. BCS comes from the initials of Bardeen, Cooper, and Schrieffer. The theory was first advanced in 1957 and all later theoretical work in superconductivity was based upon it. I won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1956 for the transistor and the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1972 for the development of the theory of superconductivity. This makes me the first person ever to win two Nobel Prizes in the same category.
Bardeen Bibliography
http//www.de.nobel.se/laureates/physics1956-2-bio.html. http//www.invent.org/book/book-text/5.html.(1997) bardeen, john Academic American Encyclopedia Vol.
http://www.northstar.k12.ak.us/schools/ryn/projects/inventors/bardeen/bardeenbib
NOBEL Per La FISICA
Translate this page nobel per la FISICA Solvay 1927 1901. Röentgen, Wilhelm C. (Germania). 1902. 1956.Shockley, William B. (USA). Brattain, Walter H. (USA). bardeen, john (USA). 1957.
http://digilander.libero.it/andreawentura/fisica/nobel.htm

Extractions: NOBEL per la FISICA Solvay 1927 Röentgen, Wilhelm C. (Germania) Lorentz, Hendrik A. (Paesi Bassi) Zeeman, Pieter (Paesi Bassi) Curie, Pierre (Francia) Curie, Marie (Francia) Becquerel, Antoine H. (Francia) Rayleigh, John W. (Gran Bretagna) Lenard, Philipp (Germania) Thomson, Joseph John (Gran Bretagna) Michelson, Albert A. (USA) Lippmann, Gabriel (Francia) Marconi, Guglielmo (Italia) Braun, Karl F. (Germania) Waals, Johannes D. van der (Paesi Bassi) Wien, Wilhelm (Germania) Dalén, Nils Gustaf (Svezia) Kamerlingh Onnes, Heike (Paesi Bassi) Laue, Max von (Germania) Bragg, William H. (Gran Bretagna) Bragg, William L. (Gran Bretagna) Non assegnato Barkla, Charles G. (Gran Bretagna) Planck, Max Karl E.L. (Germania) Stark, Johannes (Germania) Guillaume, Charles E. (Francia) Einstein, Albert (USA) Bohr, Niels Henrik D. (Danimarca) Millikan, Robert A. (USA) Siegbahn, Karl M.G. (Svezia) Franck, James (Germania) Herz, Gustav (Germania)
John Bardeen, Walter Brattain And William Shockley
and computer circuitry. He shared the nobel Prize for Physics in1956 with john bardeen and Walter Brattain. In his later years
http://www.musser.us/zCommonFiles/tools/Transistor.html

Extractions: US physicist, born in Amoy, China, where his father was a teacher. He grew up on a cattle ranch in the State of Washington, and studied at the universities of Oregon and Minnesota. In 1929 he joined Bell Telephone Laboratories, where he worked as a research physicist on the surface properties of semiconductors. With Bardeen and Shockley he developed the point-contact transistor, using a thin germanium crystal. He shared the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1956. Shockley, William B(radford) Physicist, born in London, England, UK. He studied at the California Institute of Technology and Harvard, began work with Bell Telephone Laboratories in 1936, and became professor of engineering at Stanford in 1963. During World War 2 he directed US research on antisubmarine warfare. In 1947 he helped devise the point-contact transistor. He then devised the junction transistor, which heralded a revolution in radio, TV, and computer circuitry. He shared the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1956 with John Bardeen and Walter Brattain. In his later years Shockley provoked outrage with his racist comments and sterilization schemes for people of low IQ.
Nat'l Academies Press, Memorial Tributes: (1993), John Bardeen
john bardeen was a rarely gifted person (cf., Physics Today, April 1992) and, ofcourse, received many honors, including the unprecedented award of two nobel
http://www.nap.edu/books/0309048478/html/2.html

Extractions: Openbook Linked Table of Contents Front Matter, pp. i-iv Contents, pp. v-xii Title Page, pp. 1-1 John Bardeen, pp. 2-11 Harry F. Barr, pp. 12-17 Gilbert Y. Chin, pp. 18-21 James Wallace Daily, pp. 22-25 John Frank Elliot, pp. 26-29 Karl L. Fetters, pp. 30-33 James C. Fletcher, pp. 34-39 Jacob M. Geist, pp. 40-45 Milton Harris, pp. 46-49 Fred L. Hartley, pp. 50-55 Richard Hazen, pp. 56-61 Edward H. Heinemann, pp. 62-65 Frederic A. Holloway, pp. 66-71 Marshall G. Holloway, pp. 72-77 Grace Murray Hopper, pp. 78-83 Richard Ralson Hough, pp. 84-87 Robert I. Jaffee, pp. 88-91 Clarence L. Johnson, pp. 92-95 Edward Conrad Jordan, pp. 96-101 John Fisher Kennedy, pp. 102-109 Augustus B. Kinzel, pp. 110-113 Philip S. Klebanoff, pp. 114-117 Alan G. Loofbourrow, pp. 118-121 Gerald T. McCarthy, pp. 122-125 James R. Melcher, pp. 126-131 Rank R. Milliken, pp. 132-137 Kiyoshi Muto, pp. 138-143 Jack N. Nielsen, pp. 144-147 Zenji Nishiyama, pp. 148-153
Nat'l Acad Press Catalog: True Genius:
The answer may rest in the story of john bardeen. john bardeen was the firstperson to have been awarded two nobel Prizes in the same field.
http://www.nap.edu/catalog/10372.html

Extractions: Like so much in modern life, immediate name recognition often rests on a cult of personality. We know Einstein, for example, not just for his tremendous contributions to science, but also because he was a character, who loved to mug for the camera. And our continuing fascination with Richard Feynman is not exclusively based on his body of work; it is in large measure tied to his flamboyant nature and offbeat sense of humor. These men, and their outsize personalities, have come to erroneously symbolize the true nature of genius and creativity. We picture them born brilliant, instantly larger than life. But is that an accurate picture of genius? What of others who are equal in stature to these icons of science, but whom history has awarded only a nod because they did not readily engage the public? Could a person qualify as a bona fide genius if he was a regular Joe?
Bardeen, John (1902-1987) : Inventing The Transistor
john bardeen was awarded the nobel Prize for physics in 1956, jointly with WalterBrattain and William Shockley, for research into semiconductors and discovery
http://www.connected-earth.com/Journeys/Frombuttonstobytes/Intothedigitalera/Ane

Extractions: Into the digital era The computer age dawns An electronic future Pulse Code Modulation - PCM - patented ... Go back to story Bardeen, John (1902-1987) : inventing the transistor John Bardeen was awarded the Nobel Prize for physics in 1956, jointly with Walter Brattain and William Shockley, for research into semiconductors and discovery of 'the transistor effect', which led to the development of the first transistor (created in 1947 and unveiled the following year). Early in his career Bardeen's studies in electrical engineering focused on geophysics when the science was being widely used to search for oil in new uncharted territories. But he found that commercial life wasn't for him and instead ducked out of the oil world to explore theoretical science at Princeton University. His career took him to Harvard and the Universities of Minnesota and Illinois where his research included quantum theory and solid-state physics, but his speciality after 1945 was electrical conductivity in metals. This work led directly to the Nobel Prize, and the transistor became the building block for modern electronic, computer and microchip technology.
Nobel Prizes In Physics
1. PRIZE YEAR. nobel PHYSICISTS. SUPERVISOR. Ph.D. UNIVERSITY. DATES. Age (years).Age at Prize. 73. 55. 1956. bardeen, john. Eugene P. Wigner. 1936. Princeton. 1908 1991.
http://www.chem.yorku.ca/NAMED/NOBEL/PHYS/

Extractions: 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ONTARIO M3J 1P3, CANADA For suggestions, corrections, additional information, and comments please send e-mails to jandraos@yorku.ca http://www.chem.yorku.ca/NAMED/ NOBEL PRIZE PHYSICS YEAR NAME OF SCIENTISTS NATIONALITY TYPE OF PHYSICS Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen German radiation Henrik Antoon Lorentz Dutch magnetism, radiation Pieter Zeeman Dutch magnetism, radiation Pierre Curie French radiation Marie Curie French radiation Antoine Henri Becquerel French radiation Lord John William Strutt Rayleigh British gases Philipp Eduard Anton Lenard Hungarian-German cathode rays Sir Joseph John Thomson British gases Albert Abraham Michelson German-American spectroscopy Gabriel Lippmann French optics Guglielmo Marconi Italian telegraphy Carl Ferdinand Braun German telegraphy Johannes Diderik van der Waals Dutch gases Wilhelm Wien German radiation Nils Gustaf Dalen Swedish gases Heike Kamerlingh-Onnes Dutch cryogenics Max von Laue German crystallography Sir William Henry Bragg British crystallography Sir William Lawrence Bragg British crystallography no prize awarded Charles Glover Barkla British radiation Max Planck German quantum theory, radiation
Ïóáëèêàöèè - Dr. John Bardeen, Dr. Walter Brattain, And Dr. William Sh
Dr. john bardeen, Dr. Walter Brattain, and Dr. William Shockley discovered thetransistor effect and They were awarded the nobel Prize in physics in 1956.
http://www.microelectronics.newmail.ru/publications/tranzistor.htm

Extractions: Dr. John Bardeen, Dr. Walter Brattain, and Dr. William Shockley discovered the transistor effect and developed the first device in December, 1947, while the three were members of the technical staff at Bell Laboratories in Murray Hill, NJ. They were awarded the Nobel Prize in physics in 1956. John Bardeen (1908-1987) A brilliant theorist, Dr. Bardeen brought his keen understanding to the transistor team by explaining effects found in early transistor experiments. Dr. Bardeen, born and raised in Madison, Wisconsin, obtained his Ph.D. in mathematics and physics from Princeton University in 1936. A staff member of the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, from 1938 to 1941, he served as principal physicist at the US Naval Ordinance Laboratory in Washington, DC, during World War II, after which he joined Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc. "My introduction to semiconductors came just after the war, in late 1945, when I joined the Bell Laboratories research group on solid-state physics, which was being formed under the leadership of Stanley Morgan and William Shockley," Dr. Bardeen once related. "Following a Ph.D. under Eugene Wigner at Princeton and post-doctoral years with John H. Van Vleck at Harvard, I had been interested in the theory of metals before the war and was anxious to go back to solid-state physics after five years at the Naval Ordnance Laboratory in Washington."
The Nobel Prize For Physics (1901-1998)
to watch the nobel Foundation web site at http//www.nobel.se Kusch Electron magneticmoment 1956 1948 William Shockley Transistors john bardeen Walter Houser
http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/Administrivia/nobel.html

Extractions: Original by Scott I. Chase. The following is a complete listing of Nobel Prize awards, from the first award in 1901. Prizes were not awarded in every year. The date in brackets is the approximate date of the work. The description following the names is an abbreviation of the official citation. The Physics prize is announced near the beginning of October each year. One of the quickest ways to get the announcement is to watch the Nobel Foundation web site at http://www.nobel.se
Wisconsin Engineer - April, 1999
In addition to coinventing the transistor, bardeen is the only person ever to wintwo nobel Prizes for Physics. john bardeen was born in Madison, Wisconsin on
http://www.cae.wisc.edu/~wiscengr/issues/apr99/bardeen.html

Extractions: by Nate Sellin What do a computer, a stereo, a digital camera and a CD player have in common? They all rely on transistors to work properly. In fact, almost any product that plugs into the wall or uses batteries has transistors inside of it. Transistors have ushered in the information age and are perhaps the greatest invention of the 20th century. But none of this would have been possible if it hadn't been for the work of a UW-Madison graduate, John Bardeen. In addition to co-inventing the transistor, Bardeen is the only person ever to win two Nobel Prizes for Physics. John Bardeen was born in Madison, Wisconsin on May 23, 1908. John was a very smart child. He skipped from the third grade to go directly to seventh grade. He attended the University of Wisconsin's high school, which existed in Madison until his junior year. He then switched to a public high school, because of its better laboratory facilities, and graduated two years later at age 15. Upon graduation from high school, Bardeen enrolled at UW-Madison. He studied electrical engineering and graduated in 1928 with a BS. He also received an MS in electrical engineering in 1929. While attending UW-Madison, John Bardeen did more than just homework. He was a member of Tau Beta Pi, an engineering honor society. He was also on both the varsity swimming and water polo teams.
The Nobel Prize For Physics (1901-1996)
The following is a complete listing of nobel Prize awards, from the Kusch Electronmagnetic moment 1956 William Shockley Transistors john bardeen Walter Houser
http://physics.hallym.ac.kr/education/faq/nobel.html
The Nobel Prize For Physics (1901-1996)
The following is a complete listing of nobel Prize awards, from the first award in1901. 1956, William Shockley john bardeen Walter Houser Brattain, Transistors.
http://physics.hallym.ac.kr/education/faq/nobel_html.html

Extractions: (a.k.a. John William Strutt) Density of gases and discovery of argon Pilipp Eduard Anton von Lenard Cathode rays Joseph John Thomson Conduction of electricity by gases Albert Abraham Michelson Precision meteorological investigations Gabriel Lippman Reproducing colors photographically based on the phenomenon of interference Guglielmo Marconi William Lawrence Bragg X-ray analysis of crystal structure no award Charles Glover Barkla Characteristic X-ray spectra of elements Max Planck Energy quanta Johannes Stark Splitting of spectral lines in E fields Charles-Edouard Guillaume Anomalies in nickel steel alloys Albert Einstein Photoelectric Effect Niels Bohr Structure of atoms Robert Andrew Millikan Elementary charge of electricity Karl Manne Georg Siegbahn
John Bardeen
He won a second nobel in 1972 for codevelopment of the theory of john's did. . Mr.bardeen later told a reporter, I knew the transistor was important, but I
http://www.smecc.org/john_bardeen.htm

Extractions: The following article is based upon a talk given by Professor John Bardeen at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign student branch of the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) on February 28, 1979, in Altgeld Hall. The hall was filled to overflowing, with many turned away! The program introduction was by Mr. Paul Bates, president of the IEEE student branch, and speaker introduction was by Professor Edward C. Jordan, retiring head of the Department of Electrical Engineering. We, at the Southwest Museum of Electricity and Communication, present to you a transcript of this lecture. Since it is always our policy to introduce you to the people that made an innovation, we invited John Bardeen to provide you with the real facts, as they happened then! Much thanks are extended to Dr. Bardeen and the University of Illinois Loomis Lab for providing us with this 'never before published in an English language journal' account of the first days in the transistor development process! THE EARLY DAYS OF THE TRANSISTOR The point-contact transistor, the first bipolar transistor, was discovered in a program of basic research on solid state physics initiated at the Bell Telephone Laboratories just after World War II. The program was due in large part to M. J. Kelly, who was director of research and later president of the Bell Laboratories. He felt that one could improve the properties of materials from an understanding of their electronic and atomic structure brought about by application of quantum mechanics. The group formed to work on the program included physicists and chemists as well as theorists with an understanding of the quantum theory of solids. The basis for a theoretical understanding of solids had been developed in the late twenties and thirties but generally there was a wide gap between theory and experiment.
Nobel For Physics: All Laureates
Dao Lee 1956 William Bradford Shockley, john bardeen, Walter Houser Eduard Anton vonLenard 1904 Lord (john William Strutt The nobel Prize A History of Genius
http://www.popular-science.net/nobel/phy-list.html
Nobel Prize Winners : Physics
nobel Prize Winners in Physics. Year, Article, Country*, Achievement. 1956, bardeen,john, US, investigations on semiconductors and invention of the transistor.
http://www.emsb.qc.ca/laurenhill/science/nobelph.html

Extractions: Year Article Country* Achievement Röntgen, Wilhelm Conrad Germany discovery of X rays Lorentz, Hendrik Antoon The Netherlands investigation of the influence of magnetism on radiation Zeeman, Pieter The Netherlands investigation of the influence of magnetism on radiation Becquerel, Henri France discovery of spontaneous radioactivity Curie, Marie France investigations of radiation phenomena discovered by Becquerel Curie, Pierre France investigations of radiation phenomena discovered by Becquerel Rayleigh (of Terling Place), John William Strutt, 3rd Baron U.K. discovery of argon Lenard, Philipp Germany research on cathode rays Thomson, Sir J.J. U.K. researches into electrical conductivity of gases Michelson, A.A. U.S. spectroscopic and metrological investigations Lippmann, Gabriel France photographic reproduction of colours Braun, Ferdinand Germany development of wireless telegraphy Marconi, Guglielmo Italy development of wireless telegraphy Waals, Johannes Diederik van der The Netherlands research concerning the equation of state of gases and liquids Wien, Wilhelm
Premio Nobel De Física - Wikipedia
Translate this page Ver enlace http//www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/index.html. Antony Hewish 1973Leo Esaki, Ivar Giaever, Brian David Josephson 1972 john bardeen, Leon Neil
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premio_Nobel/Física

Extractions: Portada Cambios Recientes Edita esta página Historia Páginas especiales Preferencias de usuario Mi lista de seguimiento Cambio Recientes Subir una imagen Lista de imágenes Usuarios registrados Estadísticas del sitio Artículo aleatorio Artículos huérfanos Imágenes huérfanas Artículos populares Artículos más solicitados Artículos cortos Artículos largos Artículos nuevos Todas las páginas (alfabético) Direcciones IP bloqueadas Página de mantención Fuentes externas de libros Versión para imprimir Discusión Otros idiomas: Dansk(Danés) English (Inglés) Esperanto Nederlands (Holandés) (Redirigido desde Premio Nobel/Física Ver enlace: http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/index.html Raymond Davis, Masatoshi Koshiba, Riccardo Giacconi Eric A. Cornell, Wolfgang Ketterle, Carl E. Wieman Zhores I. Alferov, Herbert Kroemer, Jack S. Kilby Gerardus 't Hooft Martinus J.G. Veltman Robert B. Laughlin, Horst L. Störmer, Daniel C. Tsui Steven Chu, Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, William D. Phillips David M. Lee, Douglas D. Osheroff, Robert C. Richardson Martin L. Perl, Frederick Reines
Www.npac.syr.edu/textbook/kidsweb/physics/nobel.txt
I. Chase The following is a complete listing of nobel Prize awards Kusch Electronmagnetic moment 1956 William Shockley Transistors john bardeen Walter Houser
http://www.npac.syr.edu/textbook/kidsweb/physics/nobel.txt

Extractions: The Nobel Prize for Physics (1901-1993) updated 15-OCT-1993 by SIC - original by Scott I. Chase The following is a complete listing of Nobel Prize awards, from the first award in 1901. Prizes were not awarded in every year. The description following the names is an abbreviation of the official citation. 1901 Wilhelm Konrad Rontgen X-rays 1902 Hendrik Antoon Lorentz Magnetism in radiation phenomena Pieter Zeeman 1903 Antoine Henri Bequerel Spontaneous radioactivity Pierre Curie Marie Sklowdowska-Curie 1904 Lord Rayleigh Density of gases and (a.k.a. John William Strutt) discovery of argon 1905 Pilipp Eduard Anton von Lenard Cathode rays 1906 Joseph John Thomson Conduction of electricity by gases 1907 Albert Abraham Michelson Precision meteorological investigations 1908 Gabriel Lippman Reproducing colors photographically based on the phenomenon of interference 1909 Guglielmo Marconi Wireless telegraphy Carl Ferdinand Braun 1910 Johannes Diderik van der Waals Equation of state of fluids 1911 Wilhelm Wien Laws of radiation of heat 1912 Nils Gustaf Dalen Automatic gas flow regulators 1913 Heike Kamerlingh Onnes Matter at low temperature 1914 Max von Laue Crystal diffraction of X-rays 1915 William Henry Bragg X-ray analysis of crystal structure William Lawrence Bragg 1917 Charles Glover Barkla Characteristic X-ray spectra of elements 1918 Max Planck Energy quanta 1919 Johannes Stark Splitting of spectral lines in E fields 1920 Charles-Edouard Guillaume Anomalies in nickel steel alloys 1921 Albert Einstein Photoelectric Effect 1922 Niels Bohr Structure of atoms 1923 Robert Andrew Millikan Elementary charge of electricity 1924 Karl Manne Georg Siegbahn X-ray spectroscopy 1925 James Franck Impact of an electron upon an atom Gustav Hertz 1926 Jean Baptiste Perrin Sedimentation equilibrium 1927 Arthur Holly Compton Compton effect Charles Thomson Rees Wilson Invention of the Cloud chamber 1928 Owen Willans Richardson Thermionic phenomena, Richardson's Law 1929 Prince Louis-Victor de Broglie Wave nature of electrons 1930 Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman Scattering of light, Raman effect 1932 Werner Heisenberg Quantum Mechanics 1933 Erwin Schrodinger Atomic theory Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac 1935 James Chadwick The neutron 1936 Victor Franz Hess Cosmic rays Carl D. Anderson The positron 1937 Clinton Joseph Davisson Crystal diffraction of electrons George Paget Thomson 1938 Enrico Fermi New radioactive elements 1939 Ernest Orlando Lawrence Invention of the Cyclotron 1943 Otto Stern Proton magnetic moment 1944 Isador Isaac Rabi Magnetic resonance in atomic nuclei 1945 Wolfgang Pauli The Exclusion principle 1946 Percy Williams Bridgman Production of extremely high pressures 1947 Sir Edward Victor Appleton Physics of the upper atmosphere 1948 Patrick Maynard Stuart Blackett Cosmic ray showers in cloud chambers 1949 Hideki Yukawa Prediction of Mesons 1950 Cecil Frank Powell Photographic emulsion for meson studies 1951 Sir John Douglas Cockroft Artificial acceleration of atomic Ernest Thomas Sinton Walton particles and transmutation of nuclei 1952 Felix Bloch Nuclear magnetic precision methods Edward Mills Purcell 1953 Frits Zernike Phase-contrast microscope 1954 Max Born Fundamental research in QM Walther Bothe Coincidence counters 1955 Willis Eugene Lamb Hydrogen fine structure Polykarp Kusch Electron magnetic moment 1956 William Shockley Transistors John Bardeen Walter Houser Brattain 1957 Chen Ning Yang Parity violation Tsung Dao Lee 1958 Pavel Aleksejevic Cerenkov Interpretation of the Cerenkov effect Il'ja Mickajlovic Frank Igor' Evgen'evic Tamm 1959 Emilio Gino Segre The Antiproton Owen Chamberlain 1960 Donald Arthur Glaser The Bubble Chamber 1961 Robert Hofstadter Electron scattering on nucleons Rudolf Ludwig Mossbauer Resonant absorption of photons 1962 Lev Davidovic Landau Theory of liquid helium 1963 Eugene P. Wigner Fundamental symmetry principles Maria Goeppert Mayer Nuclear shell structure J. Hans D. Jensen 1964 Charles H. Townes Maser-Laser principle Nikolai G. Basov Alexander M. Prochorov 1965 Sin-Itiro Tomonaga Quantum electrodynamics Julian Schwinger Richard P. Feynman 1966 Alfred Kastler Study of Hertzian resonance in atoms 1967 Hans Albrecht Bethe Energy production in stars 1968 Luis W. Alvarez Discovery of many particle resonances 1969 Murray Gell-Mann Quark model for particle classification 1970 Hannes Alfven Magneto-hydrodynamics in plasma physics Louis Neel Antiferromagnetism and ferromagnetism 1971 Dennis Gabor Principles of holography 1972 John Bardeen Theory of superconductivity Leon N. Cooper J. Robert Schrieffer 1973 Leo Esaki Tunneling in superconductors Ivar Giaever Brian D. Josephson Super-current through tunnel barriers 1974 Antony Hewish Discovery of pulsars Sir Martin Ryle Pioneering radioastronomy work 1975 Aage Bohr Structure of the atomic nucleus Ben Mottelson James Rainwater 1976 Burton Richter Discovery of the J/Psi particle Samual Chao Chung Ting 1977 Philip Warren Anderson Electronic structure of magnetic and Nevill Francis Mott disordered solids John Hasbrouck Van Vleck 1978 Pyotr Kapitsa Liquifaction of helium Arno A. Penzias Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation Robert W. Wilson 1979 Sheldon Glashow Electroweak Theory, especially Steven Weinberg weak neutral currents Abdus Salam 1980 James Cronin Discovery of CP violation in the Val Fitch asymmetric decay of neutral K-mesons 1981 Kai M. Seigbahn High resolution electron spectroscopy Nicolaas Bleombergen Laser spectroscopy Arthur L. Schawlow 1982 Kenneth G. Wilson Critical phenomena in phase transitions 1983 Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar Evolution of stars William A. Fowler 1984 Carlo Rubbia Discovery of W,Z Simon van der Meer Stochastic cooling for colliders 1985 Klaus von Klitzing Discovery of quantum Hall effect 1986 Gerd Binning Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Heinrich Rohrer Ernst August Friedrich Ruska Electron microscopy 1987 Georg Bednorz High-temperature superconductivity Alex K. Muller 1988 Leon Max Lederman Discovery of the muon neutrino leading Melvin Schwartz to classification of particles in Jack Steinberger families 1989 Hans Georg Dehmelt Penning Trap for charged particles Wolfgang Paul Paul Trap for charged particles Norman F. Ramsey Control of atomic transitions by the separated oscillatory fields method 1990 Jerome Isaac Friedman Deep inelastic scattering experiments Henry Way Kendall leading to the discovery of quarks Richard Edward Taylor 1991 Pierre-Gilles de Gennes Order-disorder transitions in liquid crystals and polymers 1992 Georges Charpak Multiwire Proportional Chamber 1993 Russell A. Hulse Discovery of the first binary pulsar Joseph H. Taylor and subsequent tests of GR

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