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Value Of Pi:     more books (100)

Bibliography on the Polemic Problem: What is the Value of [symbol for pi] by Gould, S. C. (Sylvester Clark), 2009-07-17 Educar en valores.(religión y sociedad)(TT: Teaching values.)(TA: religion and society)(Artículo Breve): An article from: Epoca by Ramón Pi, 2002-05-17 Gulliver's visit to Walden III: A report on values in education by William Clark Trow, 1976 EDUCATIONAL HORIZONS [THE OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF PI LAMBDA THETA] VOLUME 84, NUMBER 1, FALL 2005 CRITICAL FRIENDS, CORE VALUES: EMPOWERING EDUCATORS TO ACHIEVE EXCELLENCE by Gary K. Clabaugh, Alison A. Clabaugh, (Educational Horizons) [Edward G. Rozycki, 2005 The Beta book;: The story and manual of Beta theta pi, by Francis Wayland Shepardson, 1927 Learning disability: An educational adventure, (Kappa Delta Pi lecture) by Newell C Kephart, 1968 The History of Pi Kappa Alpha Second Revision by Freeman Hansford, Illustrated by Photos Hart, 1959 Tables of values of the function w(z)=e(exp)=**2(1+2i/sqrt.pi Int(n,z)c(exp)t**2.dt) for complex argument (Mathematical tables series;vol.11) by Vera Nikolaevna Faddeeva, 1961 Son of the Stars; The Pledge Manual and The Code of beta Theta Pi 1965 by G. Herbert Smith, 1965 The Evaluation of Teaching. A Report of the Second Pi Lambda Theta Catena. Son of the Stars - A Manual for Pledges of BETA THETA PI by A.M., Ed.D., LL.D. G. Herbert Smith, 1957 Songs of Beta Theta Pi 1943 by Horace Gillette Lozier, 1942 Life of Pi : A Novel by Yann Martel, 2001 Wi-Can-H-Pi--Cek-Pa and the Chief Who Lost His Arm: The Hand Constellation by Madeline M. White, 1987-06

lists with details

21. ThinkQuest Library Of Entries
    The Value of p. To obtain the value of p to thirty decimal places, count thenumber of letters in each word and treat each word as a decimal value.  
    http://library.advanced.org/10030/20value.htm
    
    Extractions: The web site you have requested, Seeing is Believing , is one of over 4000 student created entries in our Library. Before using our Library, please be sure that you have read and agreed to our To learn more about ThinkQuest. You can browse other ThinkQuest Library Entries To proceed to Seeing is Believing click here Back to the Previous Page The Site you have Requested ... click here to view this site Click image for the Site Languages : Site Desciption Need a primer on math, science, technology, education, or art, or just looking for a new Internet search engine? This catch-all site covers them all. Maybe you're doing your homework and need to quickly look up a basic term? Here you'll find a brief yet concise reference source for all these topics. And if you're still not sure what's here, use the search feature to scan the entire site for your topic.

22. FamilyFun: Learning Projects: Teaching Kids The Value Of Pi
    THE value of pi, 2 of 10. This PROJECT To measure different circles anddetermine the value of pi (the Greek word for circumference). GOAL  
    http://familyfun.go.com/raisingkids/learn/activities/feature/famf010302_teach/fa
    
    Extractions: of 10 This project, courtesy of Jayne Fountain-Miller, a science instructor at Ohio's East Canton Middle School, is a perfect example of hands-on learning: kids measure a variety of circles in the real worldtires, flower pots, hula hoopsand do calculations that show how pi never changes. No matter what size a circle is, it's always about three times longer around than it is across. PROJECT:

23. Value Of Pi
    value of pi. That limit is always Pi. That's why we say that the value of pi doesn'tchange in gravitational fields, or in other geometries in general.  
    http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?ValueOfPi

24. The Value Of Pi
    The value of pi John Ludwigson Washington Apple Pi Journal, reprintinformation. The cost of computers keeps going down especially  
    http://www.wap.org/journal/valueofpi.html
    
    Extractions: John Ludwigson Washington Apple Pi Journal, reprint information The cost of computers keeps going down especially in comparison to what they can do, but... The cost of computing is sneaking steadily up. One of the major factors is the quiet disappearance of free support from the manufacturers once you've plunked down your money for their goodies. How does $35 "per incident" and paying for a long distance call, perhaps across the country, sound? If you resolve your problem quickly and don't spend too much time on hold you may get away for only $2.99 per minute, plus the phone charges. Of course, the manufacturers decide what constitutes an "incident." How soon does this dwarf the paltry $49 per year ($69 with internet email and expanded TCS service) that we pay for Washington Apple Pi? For that, we can have an "incident" a day and get quick, disinterested advice from people who've been there every time. For really serious "incidents," the Pi offers Hotline volunteers dozens of volunteers! who will provide one-on-one help with virtually whatever ails ya, computationally speaking. Even when you crank in the cost of Explorer full internet service (and it's getting to be much more than that...check out the Explorer homepage, the one with the penguin sitting on an ice cube), or the modest cost of the many tutorial classes offered in the Pi's well-equipped classroom, we're ahead.

25. Urban Legends Reference Pages: Religion (Alabama's Slice Of Pi)
    Did the state legislature of Alabama redefine the value of pi accordingto Biblical precepts? Alabama's Slice of Pi. Click here Claim  
    http://www.snopes.com/religion/pi.htm
    
    Extractions: HUNTSVILLE, Ala. NASA engineers and mathematicians in this high-tech city are stunned and infuriated after the Alabama state legistature narrowly passed a law yesterday redefining pi, a mathematical constant used in the aerospace industry. The bill to change the value of pi to exactly three was introduced without fanfare by Leonard Lee Lawson (R, Crossville), and rapidly gained support after a letter-writing campaign by members of the Solomon Society, a traditional values group. Governor Guy Hunt says he will sign it into law on Wednesday. The law took the state's engineering community by surprise. "It would have been nice if they had consulted with someone who actually uses pi," said Marshall Bergman, a manager at the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization. According to Bergman, pi is a Greek letter that signifies the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter. It is often used by engineers to calculate missile trajectories. Prof. Kim Johanson, a mathematician from University of Alabama, said that pi is a universal constant, and cannot arbitrarily be changed by lawmakers. Johanson explained that pi is an irrational number, which means that it has an infinite number of digits after the decimal point and can never be known exactly. Nevertheless, she said, pi is precisly defined by mathematics to be "3.14159, plus as many more digits as you have time to calculate".

26. The Value Of Pi Page
    The bill to change the value of pi to exactly three was introduced without fanfareby Leonard Lee Lawson (R, Crossville), and rapidly gained support after a  
    http://www.bme.jhu.edu/~raj/jokes/pi.html

27. The Value Of Pi
    The value of pi. In 1430, AlKashi of Iran invented a formula to calculatepi, and used it to obtain the value 3.14159265358979.  
    http://www.bishops.ntc.nf.ca/math/content/pi/
    
    Extractions: -William J. Shaaf Pi is the 16th letter of the Greek alphabet, and the symbol which represents the oldest mathmatical: the ratio of a circle's circumferance to its diameter. Pi can be found everywhere from astronomy to probability, to the physics of sound and light. Pi does not terminate, and there is no pattern therefore is an irratiomal number. •Number that cannot be written as interger or quotient of two intergers •Wallis formula: x/2=2/1·2/3·4/3·4/5·6/5·6/7·8/7·8/9.... The earliest record of pi was written by Ahmes in 1650BC. He proposed to cut off 1/9 of the diameter of a circle and construct a square on the center, the square has the same area as the circle. This rounded to 3.16, merely 1% off the value found today. Archimedes of Greece used polygons to approximate it as 3.142. A little after this, the Chinese had obtained the value 3.141593. In 1430, Al-Kashi of Iran invented a formula to calculate pi, and used it to obtain the value 3.14159265358979.

28. Biblical Value Of Pi
    Biblical value of pi. Solomon and the Molten Sea. The value of p (pi) is knownto be equal to the circumference of a circle divided by its diameter,.  
    http://www.learnthebible.org/molten_sea_value_of_pi.htm
    
    Extractions: Biblical Value of Pi Solomon and the Molten Sea here that the scripture is not exact, what other passages also contain words that cannot be received with complete accuracy? Let us examine the passage more carefully. First, the Bible says that the molten sea was “ten cubits from brim to brim.” This logically would be from the very edge of the rim on one side to the very farthest point on the opposite side. Second, the same verse declares that “a line of thirty cubits did compass it round about.” What is the antecedent of “it?” Clearly it is the molten sea mentioned previously in the verse; therefore, the “line of 30 cubits” compasses the sea, or the liquid contained in the vessel Taken exactly as described, the measurement appears to be the inner diameter of the basin the distance around the sea. When we realize that this molten sea has a thickness associated with it, the 10 cubits from brim to brim becomes the outer diameter, while the 30-cubit measurement describes the inner circumference. Since the diameter is obtained by simply dividing the circumference by (pi), the inner diameter can be calculated as 9.549 cubits. Additionally, the thickness of the vessel is found by taking half of the difference between the inner and outer diameter. Using the inner diameter just calculated and the given outer diameter of 10 cubits, the thickness is 0.225 or approximately 4 inches.

29. Sci.math FAQ: Indiana Bill Sets Value Of Pi To 3
    sci.math FAQ Indiana Bill sets value of pi to 3. 246, Indiana State Legislature,1897, reportedly set the value of pi to an incorrect rational approximation.  
    http://faqs.jmas.co.jp/FAQs/sci-math-faq/indianabill
    
    Extractions: Path: news.jmag.net news.jmas.co.jp !nf9.iij.ad.jp!nr1.iij.ad.jp! news.iij.ad.jp news.qtnet.ad.jp !news1.mex.ad.jp!news0-mex-ad-jp!giga-nspixp2!newsfeed1.dti.ad.jp! news-out.cwix.com !newsfeed.cwix.com!torn!watserv3.uwaterloo.ca!undergrad.math.uwaterloo.ca!neumann.uwaterloo.ca!alopez-o From: alopez-o@neumann.uwaterloo.ca (Alex Lopez-Ortiz) Newsgroups: sci.math, news.answers daisy.uwaterloo.ca Summary: Part 10 of 31, New version Originator: alopez-o@neumann.uwaterloo.ca Originator: alopez-o@daisy.uwaterloo.ca Xref: news.jmag.net news.answers sci.answers:148 http://www.cs.unb.ca/~alopez-o Assistant Professor Faculty of Computer Science University of New Brunswick Last updated: Sat Feb 19 00:01:05 2000

30. ScienceNet - Maths & Computing - Can The Value Of Pi Ever Change?
    In very ancient times, 3 was used as the approximate value of pi, and not until Archimedes(3rd century BC) does there seem to have been a scientific effort to  
    http://www.sciencenet.org.uk/database/Maths/9810/m00053d.html
    
    Extractions: No. In mathematics, the symbol denotes the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter. The ratio is approximately 3.14159265, pi being an irrational number (one that cannot be expressed as a simple fraction or as a decimal with a finite number of decimal places) and a transcendental number (one without continuously recurrent digits). Electronic computers in the late 20th century have carried pi to more than 200 billion decimal places. Pi occurs in various mathematical calculations. The circumference (c) of a circle can be determined by multiplying the diameter (d) by c = d The area (A) of a circle is determined by the square of the radius (r): A = The only way pi can change is by the accuracy to which it is calculated. In very ancient times, 3 was used as the approximate value of pi, and not until Archimedes (3rd century BC) does there seem to have been a scientific effort to compute it; he reached a figure equivalent to about 3.14. A figure equivalent to 3.1416 dates from before AD 200. By the early 6th century Chinese and Indian mathematicians had independently confirmed or improved the number of decimal places. By the end of the 17th century in Europe, new methods of mathematical analysis provided various ways of calculating . Early in the 20th century the Indian mathematical genius Srinivasa Ramanujan developed ways of calculating

31. The Value Of Pi
    Here, 76 of them fell in the circle, so the estimated value is pi = 4x 76/100 = 3.04, which is not too bad for using only 100 points.  
    http://www.scc.ms.unimelb.edu.au/discday/kostya/pisqu.html
    
    Extractions: This is a typical result of generating n=100 random points. Here, 76 of them fell in the circle, so the estimated value is pi = 4 x 76/100 = 3.04, which is not too bad for using only 100 points. In fact, another famous result in probability, the Law of Large Numbers , says that if we used enough points, we could approximate pi as close as we wished with this method. Go back Created: October 1999 Last modified: 21 October 1999 Authorised by: Ian Gordon, Director of the Statistical Consulting Centre Maintained by: F. Choo, Statistical Consulting Centre

32. The Value Of Pi
    pi= 4 (1 1/3 + 1/5 + 1/7 - 1/9 + ). Anyway, we shall see now how one can evaluatethis value just by choosing points at random say in a square. Go back.  
    http://www.scc.ms.unimelb.edu.au/discday/kostya/pival.html
    
    Extractions: pi = 3.141 592 653 589 793 238 462 643 383 280 ... Fortunately it is usually sufficient to remember only the first 4-5 digits: pi=3.1415... A rather good approximation to pi is given by the fraction We could also give here several `analytic' representations for this remarkable number. One of them is the so-called Gregory-Leibniz series: pi= 4 (1 - 1/3 + 1/5 + 1/7 - 1/9 + ...) Anyway, we shall see now how one can evaluate this value just by choosing points at random say in a square. Go back Created: October 1999 Last modified: 21 October 1999 Authorised by: Ian Gordon, Director of the Statistical Consulting Centre Maintained by: F. Choo, Statistical Consulting Centre

33. The Value Of Pi
    PI = 3.+ 14159265358979323846 26433832795028841971 69399375105820974944 5923078164062862089986280348253421170679 82148086513282306647 09384460955058223172  
    http://jcheetham.future.easyspace.com/maths/value.htm
    
    Extractions: PI = 3.+ 14159265358979323846 26433832795028841971 69399375105820974944 59230781640628620899 86280348253421170679 82148086513282306647 09384460955058223172 53594081284811174502 84102701938521105559 64462294895493038196 44288109756659334461 28475648233786783165 27120190914564856692 34603486104543266482 13393607260249141273 72458700660631558817 48815209209628292540 91715364367892590360 01133053054882046652 13841469519415116094 33057270365759591953 09218611738193261179 31051185480744623799 62749567351885752724 89122793818301194912 98336733624406566430 86021394946395224737 19070217986094370277 05392171762931767523 84674818467669405132 00056812714526356082 77857713427577896091 73637178721468440901 22495343014654958537 10507922796892589235 42019956112129021960 86403441815981362977 47713099605187072113 49999998372978049951 05973173281609631859 50244594553469083026 42522308253344685035 26193118817101000313 78387528865875332083 81420617177669147303 59825349042875546873 11595628638823537875 93751957781857780532 17122680661300192787 66111959092164201989 38095257201065485863 27886593615338182796 82303019520353018529 68995773622599413891 24972177528347913151 55748572424541506959 50829533116861727855 88907509838175463746 49393192550604009277 01671139009848824012 85836160356370766010 47101819429555961989 46767837449448255379 77472684710404753464 62080466842590694912 93313677028989152104 75216205696602405803 81501935112533824300 35587640247496473263 91419927260426992279 67823547816360093417 21641219924586315030 28618297455570674983 85054945885869269956 90927210797509302955 32116534498720275596 02364806654991198818 34797753566369807426 54252786255181841757 46728909777727938000 81647060016145249192 17321721477235014144 19735685481613611573 52552133475741849468 43852332390739414333 45477624168625189835 69485562099219222184 27255025425688767179 04946016534668049886 27232791786085784383 82796797668145410095 38837863609506800642 25125205117392984896 08412848862694560424 19652850222106611863 06744278622039194945 04712371378696095636 43719172874677646575 73962413890865832645 99581339047802759009 94657640789512694683 98352595709825822620 52248940772671947826 84826014769909026401 36394437455305068203 49625245174939965143 14298091906592509372 21696461515709858387 41059788595977297549 89301617539284681382 68683868942774155991 85592524595395943104 99725246808459872736 44695848653836736222 62609912460805124388 43904512441365497627 80797715691435997700 12961608944169486855 58484063534220722258 28488648158456028506 01684273945226746767 88952521385225499546 66727823986456596116 35488623057745649803 55936345681743241125 15076069479451096596 09402522887971089314 56691368672287489405 60101503308617928680 92087476091782493858 90097149096759852613 65549781893129784821 68299894872265880485 75640142704775551323 79641451523746234364 54285844479526586782 10511413547357395231 13427166102135969536 23144295248493718711 01457654035902799344 03742007310578539062 19838744780847848968 33214457138687519435 06430218453191048481 00537061468067491927 81911979399520614196 63428754440643745123 71819217999839101591 95618146751426912397 48940907186494231961 56794520809514655022 52316038819301420937 62137855956638937787 08303906979207734672 21825625996615014215 03068038447734549202 60541466592520149744 28507325186660021324 34088190710486331734 64965145390579626856 10055081066587969981 63574736384052571459 10289706414011097120 62804390397595156771 57700420337869936007 23055876317635942187 31251471205329281918 26186125867321579198 41484882916447060957 52706957220917567116 72291098169091528017 35067127485832228718 35209353965725121083 57915136988209144421 00675103346711031412 67111369908658516398 31501970165151168517 14376576183515565088 49099898599823873455 28331635507647918535 89322618548963213293 30898570642046752590 70915481416549859461 63718027098199430992 44889575712828905923 23326097299712084433 57326548938239119325 97463667305836041428 13883032038249037589 85243744170291327656 18093773444030707469 21120191302033038019 76211011004492932151 60842444859637669838 95228684783123552658 21314495768572624334 41893039686426243410 77322697802807318915 44110104468232527162 01052652272111660396 66557309254711055785 37634668206531098965 26918620564769312570 58635662018558100729 36065987648611791045 33488503461136576867 53249441668039626579 78771855608455296541 26654085306143444318 58676975145661406800 70023787765913440171 27494704205622305389 94561314071127000407 85473326993908145466 46458807972708266830 63432858785698305235 80893306575740679545 71637752542021149557 61581400250126228594 13021647155097925923 09907965473761255176 56751357517829666454 77917450112996148903 04639947132962107340 43751895735961458901 93897131117904297828 56475032031986915140 28708085990480109412 14722131794764777262 24142548545403321571 85306142288137585043 06332175182979866223 71721591607716692547 48738986654949450114 65406284336639379003 97692656721463853067 36096571209180763832 71664162748888007869 25602902284721040317 21186082041900042296 61711963779213375751 14959501566049631862 94726547364252308177 03675159067350235072 83540567040386743513 62222477158915049530 98444893330963408780 76932599397805419341 44737744184263129860 80998886874132604721 56951623965864573021 63159819319516735381 29741677294786724229 24654366800980676928 23828068996400482435 40370141631496589794 09243237896907069779 42236250822168895738 37986230015937764716 51228935786015881617 55782973523344604281 51262720373431465319 77774160319906655418 76397929334419521541 34189948544473456738 31624993419131814809 27777103863877343177 20754565453220777092 12019051660962804909 26360197598828161332 31666365286193266863 36062735676303544776 28035045077723554710 58595487027908143562 40145171806246436267 94561275318134078330 33625423278394497538 24372058353114771199 26063813346776879695 97030983391307710987 04085913374641442822 77263465947047458784 77872019277152807317 67907707157213444730 60570073349243693113 83504931631284042512 19256517980694113528 01314701304781643788 51852909285452011658 39341965621349143415 95625865865570552690 49652098580338507224 26482939728584783163 05777756068887644624 82468579260395352773 48030480290058760758 25104747091643961362 67604492562742042083 20856611906254543372 13153595845068772460 29016187667952406163 42522577195429162991 93064553779914037340 43287526288896399587 94757291746426357455 25407909145135711136 94109119393251910760 20825202618798531887 70584297259167781314 96990090192116971737 27847684726860849003 37702424291651300500 51683233643503895170 29893922334517220138 12806965011784408745 19601212285993716231 30171144484640903890 64495444006198690754 85160263275052983491 87407866808818338510 22833450850486082503 93021332197155184306 35455007668282949304 13776552793975175461 39539846833936383047 46119966538581538420 56853386218672523340 28308711232827892125 07712629463229563989 89893582116745627010 21835646220134967151 88190973038119800497 34072396103685406643 19395097901906996395 52453005450580685501 95673022921913933918 56803449039820595510 02263535361920419947 45538593810234395544 95977837790237421617 27111723643435439478 22181852862408514006 66044332588856986705 43154706965747458550 33232334210730154594 05165537906866273337 99585115625784322988 27372319898757141595 78111963583300594087 30681216028764962867 44604774649159950549 73742562690104903778 19868359381465741268 04925648798556145372 34786733039046883834 36346553794986419270 56387293174872332083 76011230299113679386 27089438799362016295 15413371424892830722 01269014754668476535 76164773794675200490 75715552781965362132 39264061601363581559 07422020203187277605 27721900556148425551 87925303435139844253 22341576233610642506 39049750086562710953 59194658975141310348 22769306247435363256 91607815478181152843 66795706110861533150 44521274739245449454 23682886061340841486 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56816923213474297545 83269402161253332837 90096064862778549412 66795136740458774169 45596140762656625029 90069226726787603658 71379327960418488393 93393469263543415480 95183623323317522937 03521029146413312752 03711716675487206347 38923293785107290295 14462927415467619479 42747166916030497829 28896147458702649979 70792063872408250230 06425544995904011974 10853516784440901880 64629374835443961440 03535233103040411784 57228902958180581032 12374382589870274737 04010683777715925126 45357065083009214792 58349892475127453622 00610585457599736931 35297078143742841340 55195444672148941505 74528391716037154530 82525558343202512542 41662445752456296445 79107697171521470951 85055003550543906316 88258105785074635656 20479146676805569843 84552027709969719889 80723371486956356703 17768776378974327349 28293439051455670607 44607970476931646278 12141713818274378561 46219708808702106421 10573778514713588373 77388240765280451914 27137488110559744718 31009393751976598021 00241012511230813682 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34. Hidden Codes In The Bible: The Value Of Pi
    Personal Update, April 1998. Hidden Codes in the Bible The Value ofPi. by Chuck Missler. Koinonia House Ministries. When I was a teenager  
    http://www.ldolphin.org/pi/
    
    Extractions: Personal Update, April 1998 Hidden Codes in the Bible: by Chuck Missler Koinonia House Ministries When I was a teenager, I was confronted by a skeptic (a Unitarian, actually) concerning an apparent discrepancy in 1 Kings 7:23. This passage deals with Solomon's Temple and the products of Hiram the Bronzeworker: And he made a molten sea, ten cubits from the one brim to the other: it was round all about, and his height was five cubits: and a line of thirty cubits did compass it round about. (1 Kings 7:23) The huge cast bronze basin in 1 Kings 7:23 was 10 cubits (note 1) in diameter and its circumference was 30 cubits, which is mathematically inaccurate. Almost any schoolboy knows that the circumference of a circle is not the diameter times 3, but rather, the diameter times a well-known constant called ("Pi"). The real value of 7r is 3.14159265358979, but is commonly approximated by 22/7. This is assumed, by many, to be an "error" in the Old Testament record, and is often presented as a skeptical rebuttal to the "inerrancy" of the Scripture. How can we say that the Bible is inerrant when it contains such an obvious geometrically incorrect statement? How do we deal with this?

35. Pi - Calculation
    (Pi is needed to compute the area of a circle or volume of a sphere.) The valueof pi was computed by He was thus able to calculate a value of pi of 3.14159.  
    http://www.chinapage.com/math/s9/pi.html
    
    Extractions: The irrational number pi can be computed to an infinite number of decimal places. It expresses the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, a relationship which cannot be framed in terms of whole numbers. (Pi is needed to compute the area of a circle or volume of a sphere.) The value of pi was computed by Archimedes to three decimal places, and by Ptolemy to four decimal places. But after that, for 1450 years, no greater accuracy was achieved in the Western world. The Chinese, however, made great strides forward in computing pi. One way in which the ancient mathematicians tried to approach an accurate value for pi was to inscribe polygons with more and more sides to them inside circles, so that the areas of the polygons(which could be computed) would more and more closely approach the area of the circle. Thus, they could try to find a value for pi, since the circle's area was found by using the formula containing it. (They could measure the diameter, and squeeze a polygon whose area they knew into the circle; the only unknown number would be pi, which could then be calculated.) Archimedes used a 96-sided polygon, and decided that pi had a value between 3.142 and 3.140. The Chinese tried to sneak up on pi in the same fashion, but they were better at it. Liu Hui in the third century AD started by inscribing a polygon of 192 sides in a circle, and then went on to inscribe one of 3072 sides which 'squeezed' even closer. He was thus able to calculate a value of pi of 3.14159. At this point, the Chinese overtook the Greeks.

36. Buffon's Needle
    Buffon's Needle. Buffon's Needle refers to a simple Monte Carlo method forthe estimation of the value of pi, 3.14159265 The idea is very simple.  
    http://www.angelfire.com/wa/hurben/buff.html
    
    Extractions: Comments, questions, or feedback regarding this page and/or physics-related Java applets? Please E-mail me! Buffon's Needle refers to a simple Monte Carlo method for the estimation of the value of pi, 3.14159265... The idea is very simple. Suppose you have a tabletop with a number of parallel lines drawn on it, which are equally spaced (say the spacing is 1 inch, for example). Suppose you also have a pin or needle, which is also an inch long. If you drop the needle on the table, you will find that one of two things happens: (1) The needle crosses or touches one of the lines, or (2) the needle crosses no lines. The idea now is to keep dropping this needle over and over on the table, and to record the statistics. Namely, we want to keep track of both the total number of times that the needle is randomly dropped on the table (call this N), and the number of times that it crosses a line (call this C). If you keep dropping the needle, eventually you will find that the number 2N/C approaches the value of pi! Why does this work? It is not hard to show, with a little bit of calculus, that the probability on any given drop of the needle that it should cross a line is given by 2/pi. After many trials, the value of C/N, the number of crossing needles divided by the total number of needles, will approach the value of the probability.

37. The Value Of Pi Is Not Correct In 1 Kings 7:23
    The value of pi is not correct in 1 Kings 723. False number for PI, Ratio, TOTAL.3 multiplied by, 1.0471698, =3.14150943 The real value PI=3.1415926  
    http://www.apocalipsis.org/difficulties/pi.htm
    
    Extractions: The argument goes that since the bible is the product of a perfect God then it must gets its sums perfectly correct. This ignores that fact that God does not dictate the bible, but uses humans in their own historical and social context. In human day to day affairs we frequently use approximations. (1 Ki 7:23 NIV) He made the Sea of cast metal, circular in shape, measuring ten cubits from rim to rim and five cubits high. It took a line of thirty cubits to measure around it. (1 Ki 7:26 NIV) It was a handbreadth in thickness, and its rim was like the rim of a cup, like a lily blossom. It held two thousand baths. Answer Three is a first approximation to PI. As far as we know PI is a number with no exact solution in other words it is likely to have a very large number of decimals. If we take the argument to its logical conclusion we can say that if the Bible came from an infinite God then he should express PI exactly (and the Bible would be full of numbers). In fact he used men to express his word and to the men of that day three is a good approximation. If the author were an artisan then no doubt he would say that PI is three and a bit. We also understand that the rim was a handbreadth in thickness or about 7.4 cm. The cubit is 44.45 cm.

38. Sci.math FAQ: Indiana Bill Sets Value Of Pi To 3
    Subject sci.math FAQ Indiana Bill sets value of pi to 3. This Indianabill sets the value of pi to 3 The bill House Bill No. 246  
    http://www.cs.uu.nl/wais/html/na-dir/sci-math-faq/indianabill.html
    
    Extractions: Note from archivist@cs.uu.nl : This page is part of a big collection of Usenet postings, archived here for your convenience. For matters concerning the content of this page , please contact its author(s); use the source , if all else fails. For matters concerning the archive as a whole, please refer to the archive description or contact the archivist. This article was archived around: 17 Feb 2000 22:52:00 GMT All FAQs in Directory: sci-math-faq

39. The Debate Over The Value Of Pi
    Type it and go! The Debate over the value of pi. A legislator in the state of Indianaunsuccessfully attempted to have that state set the value of pi to three.  
    http://www.2think.org/hundredsheep/bible/pi.shtml
    
    Extractions: Type it and go! The Debate over the value of Pi (Note: This piece is obviously fictional, but it is perhaps loosely based on a real attempt by the Indiana State Legislature to set the value of Pi by law in 1897. The text of the bill can be found here HUNTSVILLE, Ala. NASA engineers and mathematicians in this high-tech city are stunned and infuriated after the Alabama state legistature narrowly passed a law yesterday redefining pi, a mathematical constant used in the aerospace industry. The bill to change the value of pi to exactly three was introduced without fanfare by Leonard Lee Lawson (R, Crossville), and rapidly gained support after a letter-writing campaign by members of the Solomon Society, a traditional values group. Governor Guy Hunt says he will sign it into law on Wednesday. The law took the state's engineering community by surprise. "It would have been nice if they had consulted with someone who actually uses pi," said Marshall Bergman, a manager at the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization. According to Bergman, pi is a Greek letter that signifies the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter. It is often used by engineers to calculate missile trajectories. Prof. Kim Johanson, a mathematician from University of Alabama, said that pi is a universal constant, and cannot arbitrarily be changed by lawmakers. Johanson explained that pi is an irrational number, which means that it has an infinite number of digits after the decimal point and can never be known exactly. Nevertheless, she said, pi is precisly defined by mathematics to be "3.14159, plus as many more digits as you have time to calculate".

40. Hidden Codes In The Bible: The Value Of Pi - Chuck Missler
    Hidden Codes in the Bible The value of pi by Chuck Missler The real valueof pi is 3.14159265358979, but is commonly approximated by 22/7.  
    http://www.khouse.org/articles/biblestudy/19980401-158.html
    
    Extractions: by Chuck Missler When I was a teenager, I was confronted by a skeptic (a Unitarian, actually) concerning an apparent discrepancy in 1 Kings 7:23.  This passage deals with Solomon's Temple and the products of Hiram the Bronzeworker: And he made a molten sea , ten cubits from the one brim to the other: it was round all about, and his height was five cubits: and a line of thirty cubits did compass it round about. 1 Kings 7:23 The huge cast bronze basin in 1 Kings 7:23 was 10 cubits   in diameter and its circumference was 30 cubits, which is mathematically inaccurate.  Almost any schoolboy knows that the circumference of a circle is not the diameter times 3, but rather, the diameter times a well-known constant called "pi". 

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