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This digital document is an article from Issues in Science and Technology, published by National Academy of Sciences on June 22, 2003. The length of the article is 1091 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

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Title: Biodiversity in the information age.(Environment & Energy)
Author: Edward O. Wilson
Publication: Issues in Science and Technology (Refereed)
Date: June 22, 2003
Publisher: National Academy of Sciences
Volume: 19Issue: 4Page: 45(2)

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Papers presented to the INTACH Seminar on Biodiversity Conservation, People's Knowledge, and Intellectual Property Rights held on 7-8 November 1994, New Delhi, India. ... Read more

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Central Amazonian floodplain forests are an unique and endangered ecosystem. The forests grow in areas that are annually flooded by large rivers during mean periods of up to 8 months and at depths of up to 10 m. Despite this severe stress, these forests consist of over 1,000 species and are by far the most species-rich floodplain forests worldwide. The trees show a broad range of morphological, anatomical, physiological, and phenological adaptations that enable them not only to survive the adverse environmental conditions, but also to produce large amounts of biomass when the nutrient levels in water and soils are sufficiently high. This is the case in the floodplains of white-water rivers, which are used for fisheries, agriculture, and cattle-ranching but which also have a high potential for the production of timber and non-timber products, when adequately managed. Latest research on ecophysiology gives insight how tree species adapt to the oscillating flood-pulse focusing on their photosynthesis, respiration, sap flow, biochemistry, phenology, wood and leave anatomy, root morphology and functioning, fruit chemistry, seed germination, seedling establishment, nitrogen fixation and genetic variability. Based on tree ages, lifetime growth rates and net primary production, new concepts are developed to improve the sustainability of traditional forest managements in the background of an integrated natural resource management. This is the first integrative book on the functioning and ecologically oriented use of floodplain forests in the tropics and sub-tropics.It provides fundamental knowledge for scientist, students, foresters and other professionals on their distribution, evolution and phytogeography. “This book is an excellent testimony to the interdisciplinary collaboration of a group of very dedicated scientists to unravel the functioning of the Amazonian Floodplain forests. They have brought together a highly valuable contribution on the distribution, ecology, primary production, ecophysiology, typology, biodiversity, and human use of these forests offering recommendations for sustainable management and future projects in science and development of these unique wetland ecosystems. It lays a solid scientific foundation for wetland ecologists, foresters, environmentalists, wetland managers, and all those interested in sustainable management in the tropics and subtropics.” Brij Gopal, Executive Vice President International Society for Limnology (SIL). ... Read more

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This is the first attempt to synthesize current understanding of biodiversity in the great European hot spot. A diverse group of international researchers offers perspective on biodiversity at the level of the gene, species and ecosystem, including contributions on temporal change. Biological groups include plants, mammals, spiders and humans, cave-dwelling organisms, fish, aquatic invertebrates and algae.

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This is the first book of its kind to describe and summarise in a comprehensive, easy to read and richly illustrated form the major pressures, impacts and risks of biodiversity loss at a global level. It identifies the main risks as global climate and land use change, environmental pollution, loss of pollinators and biological invasions. It also analyzes the impacts and consequences of biodiversity loss, with a strong focus on socio-economic drivers and their effects on society. ... Read more

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In order for biodiversity to be conserved, it is important to know how and where diverse populations of plants and animals exist, to understand the effects of human impacts on them, and to find the means by which these impacts can be lessened and even reversed. While tropical systems are known to be among the most diverse and most threatened globally, tropical freshwater systems have been neglected, and the tremendous variety of fish, amphibians, invertebrates and plants that live in them are poorly known yet seriously threatened. This comprehensive book brings together a wealth of information on the fish of tropical African systems, and discusses how these systems evolved, what holds them together, and what is tearing them apart. ... Read more

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Contributed colloquium papers with reference to India. ... Read more

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The more we know about earth's biological diversity, the better will be our capability to conserve both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. ... Read more

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The protection of biodiversity and sustainable use of resourcesin arid and semiarid regions is important because: more than one-thirdof the earth's land area is drylands; up to one billion people (mostlypoor) depend on drylands for their survival; the biological resourcesof drylands are both unique and vulnerable; and loss of drylandspecies increases the threats to the lives of millions of people.

In Southern (developing) nations, successful experiences in conservingbiodiversity and utilizing sustainable resources have not beenpublicized widely and hence have not been replicated in other relevantcircumstances. For example, much of the available information on awide variety of best practices and lessons learned for protecting andsustainably using arid and semiarid zone biodiversity remains withinthe institutions in which it has been generated and has not beenshared between others working on similar issues for the mutual benefitof the global environment. Lack of financial resources constrainsdeveloping nations and their scientific institutions to widelydisseminate the results of studies and projects as well as theirability to increase partnerships, cooperation, and capacity buildingbetween institutions and various stakeholders. The overall goal of this book is to increase the size of and morewidely disseminate the "portfolio" of research and other works aimedat protecting and sustainably utilizing biodiversity of globalsignificance in arid and semiarid areas in developing nations.Specifically, the book focuses on best practices and lessons learntfor science, for public policy and management, for increasing theparticipation of local people in decision making, and for enhancingpartnerships and capacity building between institutions. In part, thesuccessful practices and programs described in this book are a followup to the Earth Summit Conference and the ratification of theConvention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the Convention to CombatDesertification (CCD) and, hence, provide examples of understudiedmeasures by Southern nations to conserve and sustainably usebiodiversity. ... Read more

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With reference to India. ... Read more

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This book is the result of the first global conference on mountain biodiversity, and is a contribution to the International Year of Mountains, 2002. The Global Mountain Biodiversity Assessment program is a Special Target Area Region project of DIVERSITAS (UNESCO and UNEP). Biological diversity is essential for the integrity of mountain ecosystems and this dependency is likely to increase as environmental (climate) and social conditions change. Steep terrain and climate, and severe land-use pressure cause mountain ecosystems to rank among the world's most endangered landscapes. The 28 chapters in this book represent research on the biological riches in all major mountain ranges of the world, and synthesize existing knowledge on mountain biodiversity - from diversity of bacteria, plants and animals to human diversity. The book is divided into five sections: an introduction providing an overview of the issues; plant and animal diversity; climate change and mountain biodiversity; land use and conservation; and a synthesis. ... Read more