61. Bjup.com -- Math -- History And Philosophy Discusses mathematical Platonism and other ways of thinking about mathematics,especially Gödel’s famous theorems on incompleteness and inconsistency. http://www.bjup.com/resources/products/math/secondary/general_resources/history.

Home Textbooks Books Music ... Freeware History and Philosophy Bible Numerics A brief classic by Oswald T. Allis. Many believe that numerical patterns in the Bible attest to its inspiration. Allis shows how well this hypothesis works. The MacTutor History of Mathematics archive Many biographical and historical resources, including a section on famous curves (such as the Pearls of de Sluze and the Trisectrix of Maclaurin) web site comments Articles BJU Press Overview Product Resources ... General Resources A ministry of Bob Jones University

62. Third Year Ordinary Level Courses In Pure Mathematics The course finishes with a look at many of the famous theorems of elementary topologysuch as the Brouwer Fixed Point Theorem, the Hairy Ball Theorem and the http://www.maths.unsw.edu.au/info/pure3rdyr/ordinary/orddes.html

Third Year Ordinary Level Courses in Pure Mathematics The following are descriptions of courses offered by the Department of Pure Mathematics at the third year ordinary (i.e. not higher) level. In third year, the courses become more challenging, and begin to reveal what modern mathematics is ``really about'', from the view point both of the theory and of applications to other disciplines. The course descriptions given here are intended to show not only the content of the courses, but also to give you an idea of their history, their peculiarities and special concerns, and their place in the modern scene. We hope that you will find them sufficiently interesting and relevant to give you the desire to discover them for yourselves. Information, Codes and Ciphers Well known examples of codes include morse, ASCII, ISBN book numbers, as well as the bar code used on grocery items. A code provides a way of converting a message from an arbitrary source alphabet into a form suitable for transmission or storage. This usually entails some binary procedure suitable for an electronic device. Coding theory is largely motivated by two basic problems: how can this be achieved most efficiently, and

63. Synopsis-Z90 author shows, for the first time, cognitive colormusical ICG-images (pythograms)of Euler's, Lagrange's, Gauss', Wieferich's, and Hilbert's famous theorems. http://www.com2com.ru/alexzen/papers/synopsis.html

Synopsis-Z90 for the Monography: COGNITIVE COMPUTER GRAPHICS Alexander A.Zenkin Editor Acad. 30,000 exemplars, all sold. KEY WORDS AND PHRASES Hard-, Soft- and Brainware, Interactive computer graphics (ICG), illustrative ICG (shape visualization), cognitive ICG (content, sense visualization), cognitive visualization of scientific abstractions, creativity and fundamental science, classical number theory, Waring's problem, Fermate's problem, Goldbach's problem, PYTHAGORAS-graphy (or PYTHOGRAPHY, i.e. color-musical sense animation) of abstract number-theoretic objects, Truth and (visual) Beauty of mathematical statements, Artificial Intelligence, Natural Intelligence, new information technology, knowledge-generating intelligence ICG-system, new man-machine ICG-technology of cognition and teaching. READERSHIP COGNITIVE COMPUTER GRAPHICS SUMMARY For millennia, human-being was studying the surrounding world by means of his Nature Intelligence. The evolutionary basis of Natural Intelligence is an indissoluble connection of theoretical, abstract thinking (AT) and living perception (LP). Violation of this Unity (especially in public consciousness) leads to trouble, sometimes of a global character. In a world of high abstractions, a Lie can easily be passed off for the Truth; verbal-logical constructions, slogans, can sometimes substitute phisical reality for huge masses of people. As a result, the processes of active transmission and assimilation of accumulated scientific knowledge by following generations is slowed down, and society loses control over its most powerful productive force - fundamental science.

64. Theorem There are many famous theorems in mathematics, often known by the name of theirdiscoverer, eg, the Pythagorean Theorem, concerning right triangles. http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/sci/A0848421.html

Trace your family history with Ancestry.com All Infoplease All Almanacs General Entertainment Sports Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Infoplease Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... Fact Monster Kids' reference Info:Daily Fun facts Homework Center Newsletter You've got info! Help Site Map Visit related sites from: Family Education Network Encyclopedia theorem theorem, in mathematics and logic, statement in words or symbols that can be established by means of deductive logic; it differs from an axiom in that a proof is required for its acceptance. A lemma is a theorem that is demonstrated as an intermediate step in the proof of another, more basic theorem. A corollary is a theorem that follows as a direct consequence of another theorem or an axiom. There are many famous theorems in mathematics, often known by the name of their discoverer, e.g., the Pythagorean Theorem, concerning right triangles. One of the most famous problems of number theory was the proof of Fermat's Last Theorem (see Fermat, Pierre de ); the theorem states that for an integer n greater than 2 the equation x n y n z n admits no solutions where x, y

65. X-Men Elseworlds Fanfiction: A Letter To A Friend (Shifting-Sands) how you worked for him for love, sacrificed your own Ph D so you could put him throughschool, did all the mathematics for his famous theorems and received no http://shifting-sands.alara.net/new/alara/letter.htm

Originally it was supposed to be yet another first person soliloquy to no one in particular in a poetical voice, but i got sick of them, so now it's a letter. A Letter To A Friend Dear Rena, I would ask what you were thinking, when you told those reporters my married name, but I already know. You do not say so in your letters, but I know you too well. And when I watched you being interviewed on that television special on women in physics, and you spoke of me, you revealed what you think of my life choices. It is not as if you've never said such things to my face, either... I still remember your anger when I told you I was moving to America, to work with my husband. It's your memories of Aaron that haunt you. You fear I have made the same mistake, with Charles. But you don't know Charles, and you don't know me any longer, I fear. For two so close as we have been, it pains me that we have grown apart, and this time I do not think it is fear that pushes you away. I think it is your anger that I am doing, in your eyes, the same thing that proved disastrous for you. It is not the same. And if you had only had the courage to

66. New Frontiers In Geometry At The AAAS In my talk, I shall describe some famous theorems about triangles and some lessfamous ones, and will attempt to describe the many links between them. http://www.mathcs.emory.edu/~colm/onlinegeom.html

Exploring New Frontiers in Geometry: in the World Around Us and in Our Classrooms A full-day symposium devoted to "Exploring New Frontiers in Geometry: in the World Around Us and in Our Classrooms" , organized by Colm Mulcahy , Spelman College, and David Henderson , Cornell University, will be held on Friday, Feb 13, 1998, as part of the AAAS (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 150th anniversary celebration Annual Meeting and Science Innovation Exposition in Philadelphia, Feb 12-17, 1998. During the two-hour break between the morning and afternoon geometry sessions, there will be a special Topical Lecture on "How Geometry is Changing Hollywood" , delivered by Dr. Tony DeRose of Pixar Animation Studios computer graphics at the University of Washington before his recent move to Pixar. His expertise encompasses both computer aided geometric design (CAGD) and wavelets In the three-hour morning session of the geometry symposium, ``Geometry is Alive , the continually-evolving nature of geometry will be highlighted, together with some cutting-edge applications to, and interactions with, science and technology. Extensive use will be made of video as an aid in understanding and discovery. Carolyn Gordon , Dartmouth College, will start the ball rolling with "Can You Hear the Shape of a Drum?"; Prof. Gordon comments, "In spectroscopy, one attempts to recover information about an object such as its shape or chemical decomposition from the frequency spectrum of light or sound the object emits. Recently David Webb and Scott Wolpert and I discovered that the answer to Mark Kac's 1964 question, "Can one hear the shape of a drum?" is negative. In other words, there are drums with distinct geometric shapes which vibrate at the same characteristic frequencies.'' In this presentation, Prof. Gordon will explain this result with the aid of some ``isospectral music'' prepared by Dennis DeTurck, and a film made by Jean-Pierre Bourguignon

67. DeptSeminars William Meeks III. Some Very Simple Proofs of famous theorems in ClassicalMinimal Surface Theory , Lederle Tower Room 1535 GANG Lab. http://www.nsm.umass.edu/NSM_Web_Pages/DeptSeminars.html

Department/Program Seminars College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, UMass Amherst Spring 2003 Dept/Pgm Date Time Speaker Title Location / Contact Computer Science Thurs, Mar 13 PM John Regehr University of Utah "Principles and Pragmatics for Embedded Systems" The Computer Science Building Room 151 / Prahant Shenoy Thurs, Mar 13 PM Georgia Benkart U of Wisconsin "Temperley-Lieb Combinatorics" Lederle Tower Room 1634 Astronomy Thurs, Mar 13 PM Mark Claussen NRAO "VLBA Observations of the Birth, Life, and Death of Stars" Lederle Tower Room 1033 Physics Fri, Mar 14 PM Fabrizio Gabbiani Wayne State University "TBA" Lederle Tower Room 1033 Fri, Mar 14 PM Ned Thomas M.I.T. "Polymer Photonics" Conte Room A110-111 / Muthu STEM Education Institute Sat

68. Archimedes He was also a brilliant mathematician who came up with many famous theorems. Hewas also a brilliant mathematician who came up with many famous theorems. http://www.socialstudiesforkids.com/wwww/world/archimedesdef.htm

Who/What/Where/When Archimedes Related Terms Aristarchus Eratosthenes Euclid Hippocrates ... Syracuse Definition: Greek inventor from Syracuse who was famous for his invention of the Lever and the Screw, a device that would raise water from one level to another. He came up with the theory of buoyancy, as in water. He was also a brilliant mathematician who came up with many famous theorems. He also invented weapons that repelled a Roman attack for a good long time. Related Resources: Ancient Greece Learn more about the area as a whole. Elsewhere on the Web: Archimedes and the Theory of Buoyancy Learn the story behind the famous utterance, "Eureka!" Detailed Biography of Archimedes This site has tons of details and is very long. Still, it's all good. Back to Last Page Full List Related Subject What's ... Hot

69. Mathematics Puzzle Finally Solved Unlike previous attempts to prove famous theorems using specialpurpose software,this work relied on a general-purpose program, which produced a relatively http://www.er.doe.gov/Sub/Accomplishments/Decades_Discovery/69.html

Printer-friendly version Mathematics Puzzle Finally Solved Dr. William McCune at Argonne Labs, Illinois in his office with computer. The "Proof of Robbins Conjecture" problem is on the screen. Photo credit: Lloyd DeGrane/ The New York Times In the early 1930s, Herbert Robbins of Harvard University posed a question that intrigued mathematicians: Is a particular set of three equations powerful enough to capture all the laws of Boolean algebra? (Boolean algebra is a mathematical model of basic rules of logic and thought; it obeys laws such as: "For any proposition P, the negation of the negation of P means the same thing as P"). Some of the great mathematicians of the century worked on the problem, but the solution was not forthcoming until 1996, when Argonne National Laboratory used powerful automated reasoning software to conclude that yes, one set of rules can capture all the laws of Boolean algebra. Key to the 15-step proof was a system called EQP (equational prover) and a new strategy, both written by William McCune. The problem was so difficult that solving it required more that eight days of computer time on a number of Unix workstations. Scientific Impact: This work, cited as a major accomplishment in artificial intelligence, demonstrated that automated reasoning programs can be used as powerful reasoning assistants. Unlike previous attempts to prove famous theorems using special-purpose software, this work relied on a general-purpose program, which produced a relatively short proof that can be verified by hand or by independent proof-checking programs.

70. The Living Mathematics Project Pythagoras' Theorem, An animated proof of one of the most famous theorems of geometry.Dudeny's dissection, Yet another animated proof of Pythagoras' theorem. http://www.sunsite.ubc.ca/LivingMathematics/V001N01/UBCExamples/java.html

SunSITE @ UBC http://SunSITE.UBC.CA/ The Living Mathematics Project ``Constructing a new medium for the communication of Mathematics'' A sk any mathematician , and you'll be told - Mathematics is a dynamic, living subject. But for many people, going beyond the static images and formulas of current mathematics texts requires an effort in creative visualization which is often beyond their means. The Living Mathematics Project hosted at SunSITE UBC is working to apply recent advances in computer programming languages and the technology of the World Wide Web to construct a new medium for the communication of Mathematics. Local developments: Please let us know what you think about these projects. If you are using them for interesting projects, or if you can think of a way they might be improved, we'd love to hear from you. Copycat Jim Morey's Educational Game - A JavaCup winner Fourier Series Explore the representation of functions by Fourier series Catenary Animation - an amusing property of the Catenary. Pythagoras' Theorem An animated proof of one of the most famous theorems of geometry.

71. No Title Course outline continued Statements of some of the following famous theoremsof probability Weak law of large numbers. Strong law of large numbers. http://www.stat.sfu.ca/~lockhart/richard/870/00_3/lectures/01/web.html

Postscript version of this file STAT 870 Lecture 1 Course outline Goals of Today's Lecture Motivate probability modelling Define Probability Space Random variables (in R p The distribution of a random variable Cumulative Distribution Function Course outline Measure theoretic foundations of probability: -fields Measurability arguments Formal definition of expected value Fatou's lemma, monotone convergence theorem, dominated convergence theorem. Modes of convergence: in probability, in mean square, almost sure. Course outline continued Statements of some of the following famous theorems of probability: Weak law of large numbers Strong law of large numbers Lindeberg central limit theorem Martingale convergence theorems Ergodic theorems Renewal theorem Course outline continued One week introductions to each of: Markov Chains Poisson Processes Point Processes Birth and Death Processes Brownian motion and diffusions Renewal processes Student presentations Models for coin tossing Toss coin n times. On trial k write down a 1 for heads and for tails. Typical outcome is a sequence of zeros and ones.

72. Coloring Maps And Related Problems This six page tutorial introduces coloring problems as well as one ofthe most famous theorems in mathematics The Four Color Theorem. http://www.utm.edu/cgi-bin/caldwell/tutor/departments/math/graph/color

Coloring Maps and Related Problems Chris K. Caldwell This is one of a series of interactive tutorials introducing the basic concepts of graph theory. This six page tutorial introduces coloring problems as well as one of the most famous theorems in mathematics: The Four Color Theorem. Most of the pages of these tutorials require that you pass a quiz before continuing to the next page, while others ask for a written comment. To keep track of your progress we ask that you first register for this course by selecting the [REGISTER] button below (press [help] for more information). After you are registered, you will be able to start this tutorial, moving back and forth in it using the buttons on the bottom of each page. If you are already registered, you may continue where you left off by again pressing the [REGISTER] button (and then re-entering your name and password).

73. Thales Of Miletus The first named mathematician, famous for his theorems circle bisected by diameter; angles at base of isosceles triangle are equal vertically opposed angles are equal. http://www.forthnet.gr/presocratics/thaln.htm

Thales [His Life] Thales is the father of ancient Greek philosophy insofar as he was the first that raised the point that a material substance explains all the natural phenomena. He was born about 624 BCE in Miletus and he considered the founder of the Ionian School, also called the Milesian school. Thales was an avid traveler as Hieronymus of Rhodes indicates in his report that Thales measured the pyramids by their shadow, having observed the time when our shadow is equal to our height. For the ancient Greek Sages of the sixth-century (for example Solon, see Timaeus) it was a custom to visit Egypt and studding the traditional fountain-head. Proclus, in Euclidem, mentions that " Thales left Egypt and went to Greece to further his study of geometry" . Thales was regarded as one of the "Seven Sages" of ancient Greece. He died at an old age when watching athletic matches due to heat exhaustion. The inscription on his tomb is: Here in a narrow tomb great Thales lies; Yet his renown for wisdom reached the skies. [The Water As The First Principle] Thales was the first Greek philosopher to speculate about the primary material element of all beings and cosmic phenomena, which he identified as

74. Math Forum: Famous Problems In The History Of Mathematics Read an article published in the second volume of The Society for Philosophy and Technology's journal. Written by John P. Sullins III. whether Gödel's incompleteness theorems have any implications for Since Gödel's incompleteness theorems have been used to using the incompleteness theorems can not be constructed http://forum.swarthmore.edu/~isaac/mathhist.html

A Math Forum Project Introduction Mathematics has been vital to the development of civilization; from ancient to modern times it has been fundamental to advances in science, engineering, and philosophy. As a result, the history of mathematics has become an important study; hundreds of books, papers, and web pages have addressed the subject in a variety of different ways. The purpose of this site is to present a small portion of the history of mathematics through an investigation of some of the great problems that have inspired mathematicians throughout the ages. Included are problems that are suitable for middle school and high school math students, with links to solutions, as well as links to mathematicians' biographies and other math history sites. WARNING: Some of the links on the page in this site lead to other math history sites. In particular, whenever a mathematician's name is highlighted, you can follow it to link to his biography in the MacTutor archives. Table of Contents The Bridges of Konigsberg - This problem inspired the great Swiss mathematician Leonard Euler to create graph theory, which led to the development of topology. The Value of Pi - Throughout the history of civilization various mathematicians have been concerned with discovering the value of and different expressions for the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter.

75. History Of Mathematics - The Most Famous Teacher The Most famous Teacher. 300 BC in Alexandria, first stated his five postulatesin his book The Elements that forms the base for all of his later theorems. http://members.aol.com/bbyars1/euclid.html

The Most Famous Teacher Euclid, who lived around 300 BC in Alexandria, first stated his five postulates in his book The Elements that forms the base for all of his later theorems. His first postulates were 1. To draw a straight line from any point to any other. 2. To produce a finite straight line continuously in a straight line. 3. To describe a circle with any center and any distance. 4. That all right angles are equal to each other. 5. That, if a straight line falling on two straight lines makes the interior angles on the same side less than two right angles, if produced indefinitely, meets on that side on which are the angles less than the two right angles. To each triangle, there exists a similar triangle of arbitrary magnitude. Several other attempts to prove or disprove the fifth postulate have followed, notably that of Girolamo Saccheri. He assumed the fifth postulate to be false and attempted to derive a contradiction. Another mathematician, Gauss, started working on the postulate as early as 1792 while 15 years old. In 1813, after making little progress, he wrote In 1817, Gauss stated that the fifth postulate was independent from the other postulates, and therefore needed no proof from the others, and begun to work on a different geometry in which multiple lines can be parallel to another line through a given point. In fact, the fifth postulate has been called "the one sentence in the history of science that has given rise to more publication than any other."

76. The Most Famous Teacher The Most famous Teacher. 300 BC in Alexandria, first stated his five postulatesin his book The Elements that forms the base for all of his later theorems. http://tlc.sbac.edu/WebResource/mathhistory/euclid.html

TECHNOLOGY LEARNING CENTER The Most Famous Teacher Euclid, who lived around 300 BC in Alexandria, first stated his five postulates in his book The Elements that forms the base for all of his later theorems. His first postulates were 1. To draw a straight line from any point to any other. 2. To produce a finite straight line continuously in a straight line. 3. To describe a circle with any center and any distance. 4. That all right angles are equal to each other. 5. That, if a straight line falling on two straight lines makes the interior angles on the same side less than two right angles, if produced indefinitely, meets on that side on which are the angles less than the two right angles. To each triangle, there exists a similar triangle of arbitrary magnitude. Several other attempts to prove or disprove the fifth postulate have followed, notably that of Girolamo Saccheri. He assumed the fifth postulate to be false and attempted to derive a contradiction. Another mathematician, Gauss, started working on the postulate as early as 1792 while 15 years old. In 1813, after making little progress, he wrote In 1817, Gauss stated that the fifth postulate was independent from the other postulates, and therefore needed no proof from the others, and begun to work on a different geometry in which multiple lines can be parallel to another line through a given point. In fact, the fifth postulate has been called "the one sentence in the history of science that has given rise to more publication than any other."

77. WTHS Mathematics Links Dave's Math Tables (theorems, tables, identities, graphs, series, links); Eric Biographies,History Topics, famous curves, Search the archive) new; Martindale's http://www.wtps.org/links/math.htm

General Reference calculators history links ... Topology General Resources: calculators history links reference materials ... teaching resources calculators Abacus: Art of Calculating with Beads (instructions) Centura Financial Calculators (Personal Loans, Auto Loans, Home Loans, Investment/Savings) CNET (free/shareware - math software ... choose platform and search on "calculator") new Geometry.Net (extensive set of reference links: biographies, theorems, puzzles, graphics, homework help ... Basic Math Geometry Algebra Calculus ... Biotechnology ... etc.) new How to Use the Abacus MacTutor: History of Mathematics archive @ St. Andrews U at Scotland ( excellent site: Biographies History Topics Famous curves Search the archive new Martindale's Reference Desk: Calculators On-Line (6,000+ calculators, cooking, science, photography, math, business, etc.) Martindale's Mathematics Calaculators (LOTS of on-line calculators) General Resources or Top of Page history AgnesScott: Biographies of Women Mathematicians (women in math and science, links)

78. ABcalc.html Though we emphasize concepts over mathematical rigor, we will be looking at someproofs of ‘famous’ theorems to the extent that it reinforces previous http://www.dalton.org/hs/Math/MsMines/AB_Calc_Course/ABcalc.html

AB Calculus Text: Anton, Calculus,A New Horizon: Brief Edition (Sixth Edition), Wiley, 1999. Advanced Placement Calculus AB is designed to be the rough equivalent of a one semester college level Calculus course. This course deals with underlying theory and applications which are considered standard knowledge in an intro course. Though we emphasize concepts over mathematical rigor, we will be looking at some proofs of ‘famous’ theorems to the extent that it reinforces previous knowledge and is within the grasp of the average prepared AB student. Since this is supposedly equivalent to a college level course there are some things you should realize. There is sufficient material here that much more of the responsibility for learning will be placed on you than perhaps in earlier courses. I can't "teach you" everything; you'll have to learn a good bit on your own . The pace of the course is fast. We only meet 4 times a week for a course that easily could eat up 5 meetings. The material is, in many cases, complex and rests heavily on understanding previous material. You'll get out of this class what you put into it. A variable you have considerable control over is the amount of time you invest in doing homework and reading over class notes. Reading class notes will be very important if you wish to do well. Please do not wrongly assume the textbook homework is adequate to get by.

79. Fibonacci and his achievements were clearly recognised, although it was the practical applicationsrather than the abstract theorems that made him famous to his http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Fibonacci.html

80. Famous Quotes - Paul Erdos - A Mathematician Is A Device... Z, Quote Paul Erdos, A mathematician is a device for turning coffeeinto theorems. Paul Erdos Send this quote to a friend! Related http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/quotes/p/q103579.html

Home Trivia Topics Authors: A B C D ... 10,000 Quotation eBook Quote: Paul Erdos A mathematician is a device for turning coffee into theorems. Paul Erdos Send this page to a friend 10,000 Quotation eBook New! Love Quotes eBook ... Get fun newsletters Related Information: Author: Paul Erdos Find on Amazon: Paul Erdos Find on eBay: Paul Erdos Find on AllPosters: Paul Erdos More Quotes by Paul Erdos: A mathematician is a device... Get Our eBook Fun and Games Subscribe The Best Quotation eBook The perfect resource for students, teachers, writers, and people that just LOVE quotes! Find Out More - Click Here Love Quotes eBook Lift your spirits and fill your mind with beautiful words, reflections and romantic thoughts! Find Out More - Click Here Ready to have a little fun? Our quote trivia newsletter - Who Said That? - is quick entertainment for quotation lovers. Sign up now! First Name Last Name Email Address Jokes Jokes Free Newsletters! The Lost Blond Bible Power The XY Factor Redneck Etiquette ... Bad Dating Stories What's the worst dating story you've ever heard? Read and share hilarious tales through the Bad Dating Stories Ezine. Sign up for our FREE online newsletter and you'll be guaranteed entertainment. Natural Handyman Newsletter The Natural Handyman Newsletter is a feast of home repair tips, links, contests, book reviews and philosophy... laced with optimism and good humor! Since 1997, the web's top FREE home repair letter!

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