81. Connectionism Movement in cognitive science which hopes to explain human intellectual abilities using artificial neural networks. By James W. Garson of the University of Houston. http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/connectionism/

version history HOW TO CITE THIS ENTRY Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy A B C D ... Z content revised NOV Connectionism Philosophers have become interested in connectionism because it promises to provide an alternative to the classical theory of the mind: the widely held view that the mind is something akin to a digital computer processing a symbolic language. Exactly how and to what extent the connectionist paradigm constitutes a challenge to classicism has been a matter of hot debate in recent years. 1. A Description of Neural Networks 2. Neural Network Learning and Backpropagation 3. Samples of What Neural Networks Can Do 4. Strengths and Weaknesses of Neural Network Models ... Related Entries 1. A Description of Neural Networks A neural network consists of large number of units joined together in a pattern of connections. Units in a net are usually segregated into three classes: input units, which receive information to be processed, output units where the results of the processing are found, and units in between called hidden units. If a neural net were to model the whole human nervous system, the input units would be analogous to the sensory neurons, the output units to the motor neurons, and the hidden units to all other neurons. Here is a simple illustration of a simple neural net: Each input unit has an activation value that represents some feature external to the net. An input unit sends its activation value to each of the hidden units to which it is connected. Each of these hidden units calculates its own activation value depending on the activation values it receives from the input units. This signal is then passed on to output units or to another layer of hidden units. Those hidden units compute their activation values in the same way, and send them along to their neighbors. Eventually the signal at the input units propagates all the way through the net to determine the activation values at all the output units.

82. Manuel Bremer  Curriculum Vitae Lecturer, University of D¼sseldorf Logic, cognitive science, philosophy of religion. http://Manuel.Bremer.bei.t-online.de/

PD Dr. phil. habil. Manuel E. Bremer Department of Philosophy Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 D-40225 Düsseldorf Germany This page is just for the curious. Titles in brackets "[ ]" were written in German. Links only go to texts in English. In case of interest in a German text mail a request, please. Areas of Specialisation : Logic, Cognitive Science, Philosophy of Religion Areas of Competence : Epistemology, Philosophy of Language, Metaphysics Areas of Competence in the History of Philosophy : Kant and Neo-Kantianism, the Phenomenological Movement, Early Analytic Philosophy Education : Studies in Philosophy, Linguistics, English (language and literature), Computer Science, Mathematics, Political Science, and Education Science at the universities of Cologne, Düsseldorf and the Open University Hagen. Degrees : Master of Arts, PhD, state exam for the teaching profession, post-doctoral lecturing qualification Dissertation Epistemic and Logical Aspects of Semantic Rule-Following ]. 1993.(Aachen: Mainz)

83. Bbs.html BBS publishes important and controversial interdisciplinary target articles in psychology, neuroscience, behavioral biology, cognitive science, artificial intelligence, linguistics and philosophy. http://www.princeton.edu/~harnad/bbs.html

Preliminary Results of survey of users and non-users of Eprint Archives: http://www.eprints.org/results/ The BBS Archive is now exclusively at the UK site. In preparation for the integration of the UK and New York offices in autumn 2000, the Princeton BBS Archive is no longer being updated. The older papers can still be found here as before, but no new ones will be added as of 1st Sept 2000 (nothing after vol 23). To ensure access to the full archive please use the (faster) UK site now, by clicking UK Site. Princeton Site

84. Cognitive Science Redirect Page cognitive science Program Box 729, Vassar College, 124 Raymond Avenue Poughkeepsie,New York 126040729 Telephone (845) 437-7495 Fax (845) 437-7204 http://departments.vassar.edu/~cogsci/coghome.html

85. Cogprints - Welcome To Cogprints Makes preprints and reprints of papers in all areas of the cognitive sciences freely available online. Authors can deposit their work in the archive after a (free) registration. http://cogprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/

Cogprints Home About Browse Search ... Help Welcome to Cogprints Welcome to CogPrints , an electronic archive for self-archive papers in any area of Psychology neuroscience , and Linguistics , and many areas of Computer Science (e.g., artificial intelligence robotics vison learning speech neural networks Philosophy (e.g., mind language knowledge science logic Biology (e.g., ethology behavioral ecology sociobiology behaviour genetics evolutionary theory Medicine (e.g., Psychiatry Neurology human genetics Imaging Anthropology (e.g., primatology cognitive ethnology archeology paleontology ), as well as any other portions of the physical social and mathematical sciences that are pertinent to the study of cognition. Browse Browse the archive by Subject or Year Latest Additions View items added to the archive in the past week. Simple Search Search the archive using the most common fields. Advanced Search Search the archive using a more complex range of fields. Registered Users Area Registered users may submit items to the archive. Register Register for an account (or reset a forgotten password). More information is available about the CogPrints archive and open archiving in general.

86. Connexions Main Page An electronic journal concerning developments in cognitive science.Category Science Social Sciences cognitive science Journals......Has now moved to a new site. You will be taken there shortly.Please remember to update your bookmark(s). http://www.shef.ac.uk/~phil/connex/

Has now moved to a new site. You will be taken there shortly. Please remember to update your bookmark(s)

87. Behavioral And Brain Sciences Print and electronic journal focusing on psychology, neuroscience, behavioural biology, and cognitive science. Uses open peer commentary. http://titles.cambridge.org/journals/journal_catalogue.asp?historylinks=SUBJ&

88. Joseph Wakeling's Neural Systems Research Page Research papers and information on biologically inspired neural networks, brain modelling, AI and related topics. A crossdisciplinary site mixing information from physics, neuroscience, cognitive science and other fields. http://neuro.webdrake.net/

Joseph Wakeling's Neural Systems Research Page contact maths home Joseph Wakeling Neural Systems Research home . papers source code links What's new? I will be taking part in a workshop at the Annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting in Alicante, Spain, July 5-9 2003. The title will be 'Complexity and Criticality in Networks'. More details as and when I know... This site is eternally, always, under construction. ;-) It describes results in neural systems research by me (Joseph Wakeling). At the time of writing I am pursuing a PhD in Theoretical Physics at the University of Fribourg, Switzerland, after graduating from Imperial College, London, with an MSci in Mathematics. As well as my own research, you can find here links and information on other related papers and subjects that I feel are interesting or relevant, including AI, cognitive science and related physics research. What do physicists have to contribute to the understanding of neural systems? The aim is to gain an understanding of the fundamental mechanics that are at work. Neuroscientists have identified the 'macro' regions of the (human) brain responsible for many aspects of behaviour and/or experience - vision, hearing, touch, smell etc. - but macro regions of the brain differ from organism to organism. What is it that links the brain of a human with that of an octopus, that of a lobster, that of a lizard? In particular, what is it about the basic interactions of individual neurons that produces the overall behavioural patterns that we see?

89. Canadian Undergraduate Journal Of Cognitive Science An online, refereed cognitive science journal for and by Canadian undergraduates. Submissions from Category Science Social Sciences cognitive science Journals......The Canadian Undergraduate Journal of cognitive science is an electronic journalpublished by the cognitive science Student Association at Simon Fraser http://www.sfu.ca/cognitive-science/journal/

News The Call for Papers for the Spring 2003 Issue released New Editorial Board announced Spring 2002 Issue now available online Comments, questions, queries? Email us at cogsci-journal@sfu.ca Important Dates May 31, 2002 First issue published October 15, 2002 Information on Issue #2 made public February 15, 2003 Deadline for submissions [Revised] March 28, 2003 Notification of acceptance [Revised] May 1, 2003 Revised papers due [Revised] May 21, 2003 Second issue published [Revised] The Canadian Undergraduate Journal of Cognitive Science is an electronic journal published by the Cognitive Science Student Association at Simon Fraser University . Our aim is to provide a forum for students to share work amongst peers and gain valuable experience in the process of getting an academic paper published. As a publication, CUJCS provides a unique reference for students, showcasing quality research by other undergraduate students, improving the contact and exchange of ideas between Canadian students and cognitive scientists alike, and illustrating the interdiscplinary work that is the hallmark of cognitive science everywhere.

90. COGSCI - Cognitive Science Discussion List Website for the International cognitive science Discussion List).Category Science Social Sciences cognitive science......Welcome to the WWWsite of COGSCI. COGSCI is a scientific discussion listabout cognitive science. Topics including Artificial Intelligence http://cogsci.weenink.com/

Welcome to the WWW-site of COGSCI COGSCI is a scientific discussion list about Cognitive Science. Topics including Artificial Intelligence, Philosophy, Linguistics, Psychology, Connectionism. Announcements of conferences, jobs and lectures and the like are welcome. Contents: Description Short description/announcement Long description/welcome file Resources Related discussion lists WWW resources Frequently Asked Questions The use of the topics Search This site COGSCI List Archives in hypertext format Members Home pages of COGSCI members Add your own home page (members only) LISTSERV(tm) Introduction Getting started Using LISTSERV Description Topics Members Resources Search LISTSERV Short Long FAQ Use ... Credits Last modified: January 13 2001 webmaster@cogsci.weenink.com

91. Barry Smith, Department Of Philosophy, University At Buffalo Professor of Philosophy and of cognitive science, Buffalo University. Extensive resource covering his wideranging interests, with a focus on conceptual ontologies. http://wings.buffalo.edu/academic/department/philosophy/faculty/smith/

BARRY SMITH Department of Philosophy University at Buffalo Heidegger ... phismith@buffalo.edu Fax: (419) 781-8794 Baarle The Mystery of Capital and the Construction of Social Realit y A multi-disciplinary workshop with HERNANDO DE SOTO and JOHN SEARLE 12-15 April 2003 in Buffalo NY FORMAL ONTOLOGY Basic Tools of Formal Ontology Truthmakers A Unified Theory of Truth and Reference Constituent Ontology ... Workshop on: Reference Ontology and Applications Ontology organized under the auspices of the 26th German Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 15-18 September 2003, University of Hamburg BIOMEDICAL ONTOLOGY IFOMIS Institute for Formal Ontology and Medical Information Science, Medical Faculty University of Leipzig The Niche Environmental Metaphysics ... of the Human Body GEOSPATIAL ONTOLOGY Geographic Categories (Buffalo NSF Project) Ontological Tools for Geographic Representation Do Mountains Exist?

92. Michael Esfeld - Research Profile Habilitation thesis of Michael Esfeld, which explores relationships and tensions between a variety of holism arising in cognitive science and one arising in quantum physics. http://www.uni-konstanz.de/FuF/Philo/Philosophie/Mitarbeiter/Esfeld/HabilProjekt

Home Philosophie in Konstanz Lehre Forschung Mitarbeiter Fachschaft Termine Links Benkewitz, Wolfgang ... teaching Research Profile Main areas of research philosophy of mind epistemology and philosophy of language philosophy of science, in particular philosophy of physics history of modern philosophy Current research projects Habilitation Thesis on Holism in Philosophy of Mind and Philosophy of Physics Rule-Following and the Philosophy of Mind The Metaphysics of Holism Short description of the research projects 1) Habilitation Thesis on Holism in Philosophy of Mind and Philosophy of Physics supported by a Habilitandenstipendium of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft accepted by the University of Konstanz in February 2000 to be published in Synthese Library Dordrecht: Kluwer, winter 2000 Abstract of the Thesis Contents of the Thesis Abstract Given this background, the scope of my Habilitation Thesis is threefold: (a) At first I develop a general conception of holism that is intended to be applicable to candidates for holism in any area. My purpose is to show that holism is not opposed to rational analysis. It can be captured by the conceptual tools of analytic philosophy. Contents Introduction 1 What is Holism? Proposal for a General Conception

93. Cognitive Science On CogWeb cognitive science. Philosophy, Linguistics, and Experimental Psychology. (revised29 January 2002), No frames. Annual Meeting of the cognitive science Society. http://cogweb.ucla.edu/CogSci/

Cognitive Science Philosophy, Linguistics, and Experimental Psychology (revised 29 January 2002) Cognitive Science pursues a scientific understanding of the mind through all available methodologies, notably those of anthropology, artificial intelligence, computer science, education, linguistics, logic, neuroscience, philosophy and psychology, in whatever combinations are most appropriate to the topic at hand. Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society The First Cognitive Revolution (bibliography) Empiricism versus Rationalism: the Debate Continues Locke's Critique of Innate Ideas Hume's Problem of Induction: early relatives of the frame problem Carl Stahmer's Pre-History of Cognitive Science Web (external) Lifelines : some philosophers of the first cognitive revolution The Second Cognitive Revolution (bibliography) A Brief Early History Gardner: " Green Ideas Sleeping Furiously " (see section 1) The Computational Model Fodor: The Modularity of Mind (1983) Jackendoff: Consciousness and the Computational Mind (1987) Jackendoff: Conceptual Structures (1987) Dreyfus: Books and recent Papers Shastri and Ajjanagadde on Reflexive Reasoning Pylyshyn on Cognitive Impenetrability models of working memory U. Minnesota's

94. Trends In Cognitive Sciences articles and popular sections providing research news and discussion of the latestdevelopments in the primary literature and the cognitive science community. http://www.trends.com/tics/default.htm

Home Subscription Info Journals Trends in Cognitive Sciences Journal Information Contact Information Subscribe Feedback Trends in Cognitive Sciences Link to Latest issue Aims and Scope Trends in Cognitive Sciences provides concise reviews, summaries, opinions and discussion of the most exciting current research in all aspects of cognition, the mind and the brain. Internationally renowned scientists from cognitive neuroscience, psychology, linguistics, social cognition, artificial intelligence, neural computation, and philosophy regularly contribute to the journal. Trends in Cognitive Sciences features succinct, lively, and up-to-date Review and Opinion articles and popular sections providing research news and discussion of the latest developments in the primary literature and the cognitive science community. Meeting Reports, Book, Software, Web site and CD-ROM reviews provide an essential overview of the latest thinking for both experts and newcomers to this rapidly expanding, multidisciplinary field. Most articles are commissioned by the Editor and all Review an Opinion articles are peer-reviewed.

95. Mental Images: Philosophical Psychology Introductory and advanced material on the imagery debate, cognitive science, and metaphysical issues. http://www.gis.net/~tbirch

Welcome to the Web Page of T. Birch Resume FAQs Links Books ... Overview of Metaphysics of Mental Images Greetings! Thank you, visitors from around the world: NZ, UK, DE, AU, CA, JP, GR, IR...and many more! Please feel free to send comments and questions to tbirch@gis.net . If you use any of this material in an academic paper, please see the citation guidelines on the appropriate pages. A brief e-mail stating how you used this information will be appreciated. Introduction to Mental Images (Definitions, short explanations, and on-line experiments.) Mental Images and Philosophical Psychology (History of psychology and metaphysics of images.) General Philosophy (Wittgenstein, Dretske, Nagarjuna, Heidegger, and others.) Films and Popular Culture (Film reviews, principles of criticism, and other resources.) *** Thank you for visiting! *** s="na";c="na";j="na";f=""+escape(document.referrer)

96. Cognitive Science World Wide Journals. Celebrities in cognitive science; Cognition; ComputationalLinguistic; Decision Support Systems; Journal of Organizational http://www.cis.udel.edu/cogsci/worldwide.html

Journals Celebrities in Cognitive Science Cognition Computational Linguistic Decision Support Systems ... JAIR : Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience Journal of Educational Theory JETAI , The Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Artificial Intelligence The Journal of Mind and Behavior Ta! - Journal on Computational Linguistics TOCHI ACM Transactions on Computer Human Interaction AI Journals and Publications Conferences Cognitive Science 1996 Cognitive Science 1995 Cognitive Science 1994 Misc Cognitive Science Schools, Departments and Programs The Cognitive Society Home Page The Sheep Brain Atlas Newsgroups comp.ai comp.ai.neural-nets comp.ai.philosophy comp.cog-eng ... sci.psychology.research Pointers Brown University The WWW Virtual Library: Cognitive Science Colleges and Universities Other Cognitive Science Projects Courses and Conferences ... People and Available Positions Staffordshire University Cognitive Science Pointers Natural Language Processing Neural Nets Genetic Algorithms ... AI Journals and Publications Yahoo Pointers Cognitive Science Linguistics Neuro science Psychology ... AI, Cognitive Science and Robotics WWW Resource Page

97. Untitled Document Five departments collaboratively offer this undergraduate major.Category Science Social Sciences United States Virginia......cognitive science Program at the University of Virginia. These include cognitivepsychology, neuroscience, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. http://www.virginia.edu/~cogsci/

Cognitive Science Program at the University of Virginia Academic Program Description Declaring Requirements Current Courses ... Cognitive Science Forms People Faculty Alumni Contact Us Cognitive Science Newsletter ... Links to Graduate Cognitive Science Programs The undergraduate major in cognitive science at the University of Virginia prepares students for a wide variety of career opportunities. The options available depend on the particular program of study designed by the student. Knowledge, intelligence, logic, and information processing form a subject matter that can and should be studied from a variety of disciplinary perspectives. These include cognitive psychology, neuroscience, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. Comments or questions dober@virginia.edu

98. Department Of Cognitive Sciences - UCI The Department of cognitive sciences at UCI offers a graduate degree programwith concentrations in cognition, perception, cognitive neuroscience and http://www.socsci.uci.edu/cogsci/

The Department of Cognitive Sciences at UCI offers a graduate degree program with concentrations in cognition, perception, cognitive neuroscience and neuropsychology, experimental psychology and mathematical behavioral sciences, and an undergraduate degree program in psychology.

99. University Of Alberta - Biological Computation Project Research on artificial neural networks, and cognitive science. http://www.bcp.psych.ualberta.ca/

100. The Cognitive Sciences Centre At Southampton University The cognitive sciences Centre (CSC) at The University of Southampton will have itsown distinctive blend of cognitive science, drawing on the strengths of http://cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/csc.html

Click here to return to Harnad/Soton Home Page Preliminary results of survey of users and non-users of Eprint Archives: http://www.eprints.org/results/ The COGNITIVE SCIENCES CENTRE (CSC) at Southampton University Stevan Harnad, Director Electronics and Computer Science University of Southampton Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ UNITED KINGDOM phone: +44 2380 592582 fax: +44 2380 592865 Talks in the University of Southampton Cognitive Sciences Centre Speaker Series [click here for time, place, titles, abstracts]: Background of Cognitive Sciences Centre In recent years the multiple disciplines that study thinking ("cognition") have discovered that there is a great deal to be gained from concerted research and communication. The Cognitive Sciences include Psychology, Anthropology, Sociology, Linguistics, Communication and Computer Science, subareas of Social and Behavioral Biology, Brain Science , Archeology, Philosophy, and several other subdisciplines. The common element uniting the Cognitive Sciences is a research interest in how the mind, and systems that can do what the mind can do, function: What internal structures and processes give them the capacity to do what they can do? Such systems (minds, and systems with capacities like those of minds) are called Cognitive Systems, and the disciplines that study their functioning are the Cognitive Sciences. Cognitive Sciences Centres, Programmes and Departments are currently being created with increasing frequency in the UK, the US and other countries as the importance and fruitfulness of joint efforts in the pertinent disciplines becomes ever more widely recognised. Two excellent interdisciplinary Centres of this kind in this country, and among the first ones in the world, are the one at Edinburgh and one at Sussex. Both are highly productive and influential, but there is a need for many more such centers in the UK (the US has dozens, and their rate of formation is increasing every year), focussing interdisciplinary efforts within their Universities as well as between them on investigating the acquisition and nature of all forms of cognitive capacity, individual, collective and interactive, in adults, children, animals and machines.

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