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         Young Grace Chisholm:     more detail
  1. Beginner's book of geometry, by Grace (Chisholm) Young, 1970
  2. The theory of sets of points by W H. 1863-1942 Young, Grace Chisholm Young, 2010-08-08
  3. Grace Emily Chisholm Young: An entry from Gale's <i>Science and Its Times</i> by Judson Knight, 2000
  4. The Theory Of Set Of Points by W. H. and Grace Chisholm Young. YOUNG, 1972-01-01
  5. On the curve [Mathematical expression] and its connection with an astronomical problem, by Grace Emily Chisholm Young, 1897

1. Grace Chisholm Young
Grace Chisholm Young. March 15, 1868 March 29, 1944. Grace ChisholmYoung was born on March 15, 1868, near London, England.
http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/young.htm
Grace Chisholm Young
March 15, 1868 - March 29, 1944 Grace Chisholm Young was born on March 15, 1868, near London, England. She was the youngest of three surviving children. Her father was Warden of the Standards in the British government, in charge of the department of weights and measures. Her brother was sent to grammar school, a prestigious boarding school, and then earned a top scholarship to Oxford, but in the custom of the times in England, Grace and her sister were taught at home by their mother and a governess. Her family encouraged her to become involved in social work among the London poor but Chisholm wanted to continue her studies. Her mother would not allow her to study medicine so she decided to study mathematics at Girton College, part of Cambridge University. Girton, opened in 1869, was the first school in England dedicated to educating women at the university level. Chisholm entered Girton in 1889 at the age of 21. Women could not earn formal degrees at Cambridge at that time, but in 1893 she passed her final examinations (Mathematics Tripos) and scored the equivalent of a first-class degree. Chisholm wanted to continue in mathematics but women were not yet admitted to graduate schools in England so she went to Gottingen in Germany to study with Felix Klein. This was one of the major mathematical centers in the world. The decision to admit her had to be approved by the Berlin Ministry of Culture. She earned the Ph.D. magna cum laude at the age of 27. Again government approval had to be obtained to allow her to take the examination. She thus became the first woman to officially receive a doctorate in any field in Germany. As Sylvia Wiegand writes in [5]

2. Grace Chisholm Young
Grace Chisholm Young Mathematician Biography Project December 1, 1999 Grace Chisholm Young contributed much to the areas of pure and applied mathematics.
http://www.math.vt.edu/people/thmassey/homepage/archieves/1205/projects/young/yo
Grace Chisholm Young Mathematician Biography Project Group Ginnie Lintecum Tommy McDermott Thomas Willis December 1, 1999 Grace Chisholm Young contributed much to the areas of pure and applied mathematics. She was born Grace Chisholm, the youngest of three surviving children, on March 15, 1968 in Haslemere, Surrey, England, near London. Her Father was Henry William Chisholm who was a British career civil servant and who later became chief of Britain’s weights and measures. Grace was educated at home and her mother crushed her hopes of studying medicine, so she was led to the field of mathematics. She attended Griton College, part of Cambridge University in 1889 when she was twenty-one years old. At Griton she was the school’s Sir Francis Goldschmid Scholar of mathematics, and earned first-class degree honors. She sat informally for final mathematics examinations at Oxford, where her brother had earned a top scholarship, and placed first. At the time, in England, women were not admitted to graduate schools. Despite this, Grace Chisholm was determined to get a higher degree in Mathematics.

3. Chisholm_Young
Grace Chisholm Young. Born 15 March 1868 in Haslemere (near London), EnglandDied 1944 in England. Click the picture above to see two larger pictures
http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Chisholm_Young.html
Grace Chisholm Young
Born: 15 March 1868 in Haslemere (near London), England
Died: 1944 in England
Click the picture above
to see two larger pictures Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index
Grace Chisholm was educated by a governess at home, then at the age of 17 she passed the Cambridge Senior Examination. Following her family's wishes Grace become involved in social work among poor people in London. She was stopped by her family from studying medicine, the topic of her choice, then decided to enter Girton College, Cambridge in 1889. At Girton her tutor was William Young . She obtained a first class degree in mathematics in 1892. Klein 's attitude towards women:- Professor Klein 's attitude is this, he will not countenance the admission of any woman who has not already done good work, and can bring proof of the same in the form of degrees or their equivalent ... and further he will not take any further steps till he has assured himself by a personal interview of the solidity of her claims. Professor Klein 's view is moderate. There are members of the Faculty here who are more eagerly in favour of the admission of women and others who disapprove altogether.

4. Young
Grace Chisholm young grace chisholm Young was born in Haslemere, England.
http://www.math.twsu.edu/history/Women/young.html
Grace Chisholm Young Grace Chisholm Young was born in Haslemere, England. Although her brother was sent to grammar school, a prestigious boarding school, where he could earn a top scholarship to Oxford, Grace and her sister were educated by a governess at home. In these times, this was the custom. Grace became involved in social work helping the poor in London. She had aspirations of studying medicine, but her family would not allow it. However, Grace wanted very much to continue her studies, so she entered Girton College, part of Cambridge University to study mathematics. Girton was the first school at the university level that was dedicated to educating women. In 1893, Grace passed her final examinations and scored the equivalent of a first-class degree. However, women were not awarded formal degrees at that time. In order to continue her studies, Grace had to go to Gottingen in Germany to study with Felix Klein. Women were not allowed to attend graduate school in England. Gottingen was one of the major mathematical centers in the world. Grace went on the attain the first woman to receive a doctorate in any field in Germany. While at Girton, Grace had a tutor by the name of William Young, whom she married the year after she received her Ph.D. at Gottingen. Grace and William spent the next 44 years together. They produced more than 200 mathematical papers and books, many of which were in William’s name. Grace had a very major role in producing these papers. William noted in an article in 1914 that he had discussed the major idea of the work with his wife, and Grace had elaborated on the argument and put it into publishable form. Grace produced many papers on her own despite the fact that her husband was away from the family for large parts of the year and she was left in Switzerland to take care of the children. She wrote a paper in 1915 on the foundations of calculus that won the Gamble Prize at Cambridge. She and her husband also published books on geometry and set theory.

5. Grace Chisholm Young
Grace Chisholm Young University of St. Andrews Agnes Scott College Wichita State University Virginia Tech VAX Student Pages Math / Science Network Fortunecity Siena Heights University
http://teacher.usi.edu/faculty/hartmann/HelfrichProjects/Young.htm

6. Young
Grace Chisholm Young. 18681944. Grace Chisholm Young was born inHaslemere, England. Although her brother was sent to grammar
http://www.math.wichita.edu/history/women/young.html
Grace Chisholm Young Grace Chisholm Young was born in Haslemere, England. Although her brother was sent to grammar school, a prestigious boarding school, where he could earn a top scholarship to Oxford, Grace and her sister were educated by a governess at home. In these times, this was the custom. Grace became involved in social work helping the poor in London. She had aspirations of studying medicine, but her family would not allow it. However, Grace wanted very much to continue her studies, so she entered Girton College, part of Cambridge University to study mathematics. Girton was the first school at the university level that was dedicated to educating women. In 1893, Grace passed her final examinations and scored the equivalent of a first-class degree. However, women were not awarded formal degrees at that time. In order to continue her studies, Grace had to go to Gottingen in Germany to study with Felix Klein. Women were not allowed to attend graduate school in England. Gottingen was one of the major mathematical centers in the world. Grace went on the attain the first woman to receive a doctorate in any field in Germany. While at Girton, Grace had a tutor by the name of William Young, whom she married the year after she received her Ph.D. at Gottingen. Grace and William spent the next 44 years together. They produced more than 200 mathematical papers and books, many of which were in William’s name. Grace had a very major role in producing these papers. William noted in an article in 1914 that he had discussed the major idea of the work with his wife, and Grace had elaborated on the argument and put it into publishable form. Grace produced many papers on her own despite the fact that her husband was away from the family for large parts of the year and she was left in Switzerland to take care of the children. She wrote a paper in 1915 on the foundations of calculus that won the Gamble Prize at Cambridge. She and her husband also published books on geometry and set theory.

7. Chisholm_Young
Grace Chisholm Young. Born March 15, 1868, Haslemere (near London),England. Died 1944 in England Grace Chisholm was educated by
http://members.fortunecity.com/jonhays/Young.html
Grace Chisholm Young
Born: March 15, 1868, Haslemere (near London), England. Died: 1944 in England Grace Chisholm was educated by a governess at home, then at the age of 17 she passed the Cambridge Senior Examination. Following her family's wishes Grace become involved in social work among poor people in London. She was stopped by her family from studying medicine, the topic of her choice, then decided to enter Girton College, Cambridge in 1889. At Girton her tutor was William Young. She obtained a first class degree in mathematics in 1892. Professor Klein 's attitude is this, he will not countenance the admission of any woman who has not already done good work, and can bring proof of the same in the form of degrees or their equivalent ... and further he will not take any further steps till he has assured himself by a personal interview of the solidity of her claims. Professor Klein 's view is moderate. There are members of the Faculty here who are more eagerly in favour of the admission of women and others who disapprove altogether. Under Klein's supervision she completed a doctorate in 1895. Her thesis was on

8. Chisholm_Young
Grace Chisholm Young. Born 15 March 1868 in Haslemere (near London), EnglandDied 1944 in England. Mathematiker Bild Show birthplace location.
http://sfabel.tripod.com/mathematik/database/Chisholm_Young.html
Grace Chisholm Young
Born: 15 March 1868 in Haslemere (near London), England
Died: 1944 in England
Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index
Previous
(Alphabetically) Next Welcome page Grace Chisholm was educated by a governess at home, then at the age of 17 she passed the Cambridge Senior Examination. Following her family's wishes Grace become involved in social work among poor people in London. She was stopped by her family from studying medicine, the topic of her choice, then decided to enter Girton College, Cambridge in 1889. At Girton her tutor was William Young . She obtained a first class degree in mathematics in 1892. Klein 's attitude towards women:- Professor Klein 's attitude is this, he will not countenance the admission of any woman who has not already done good work, and can bring proof of the same in the form of degrees or their equivalent ... and further he will not take any further steps till he has assured himself by a personal interview of the solidity of her claims. Professor Klein 's view is moderate. There are members of the Faculty here who are more eagerly in favour of the admission of women and others who disapprove altogether.

9. Nina Karlovna Bari
Home Scientists - young grace chisholm. search Find the Most Popular Books,Videos and DVDs on young grace chisholm. Images Newsgroups. Sites.
http://www.tenisciler.com/designer-home-furnishing.htm

10. BF Library
young grace chisholm Young It is not clear how much of the collaboration is reallyGrace's work and how much is her husband's, but it is now generally agreed
http://www.jsd.k12.ca.us/bf/bflibrary/greatmath.html

11. Young, Grace Chisholm
grace chisholm young. Born 15 March 1868 in Haslemere (near London), England
http://www.district96.w-cook.k12.il.us/hauser/classpages/people/YoungGraceChisho
Young, Grace Chisholm
E-Mail Address: krapfn@district96.w-cook.k12.il.us Nobel Prize in Mathematics Nominations! Specific project information can be found in the math folder found in the Hauser Hard Drive. Use the internet sites below to investigate one of the Mathematical Pleiades, seven women mathematicians whose achievements have helped shape mathematics of today. After you have
answered the questions on your worksheet, your group will present your nomination for the newly formed Nobel Prize for Mathematics. Besides pertinent biographical information, your nomination must put your mathematician in historical perspecive and must explain why she is a member of the Mathematical Pleiades.
Notices:
Important dates: March 15:
•e-sheet due April 15:
•nominations due
•posters due
Young
Women Mathematicians
The Ask Jeeves for Kids search site. The Yahooligans search site. ... Click here to update. Last updated on 3/18/02.

12. Grace Chisholm YOUNG
1.9 grace chisholm young (18681944) CARTWRIGHT grace chisholm young, J. London Math. 19 (1944) pp. 185-192. young at Aberystwyth, Historia Mathematica 19 (1992) no.1, 71-75.
http://www.desargues.univ-lyon1.fr/home/fem/biblio/biblio-1-9.html

13. Women Mathematicians-Chronological Index
18641949) Clara Eliza Smith (1865-1943) Clara Latimer Bacon (1866-1948) AnnieMacKinnon Fitch (1868-1940) grace chisholm young (1868-1944) Isabel Maddison
http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/chronol.htm
Biographies of Women Mathematicians , Agnes Scott College]
Search
Chronological Index of Women Mathematicians
The choice of what century to use is a bit subjective. For the sake of this index I have listed each woman by the century of her birth.
Eighteenth Century and Before
Theano (5th Century B.C.)
Hypatia (370?-415)

Elena Lucrezia Cornaro Piscopia (1646-1684)

Emilie du Chatelet (1706-1749
...
Mary Fairfax Somerville (1780-1872)
Nineteenth Century
Ada Byron King, Countess of Lovelace (1815-1852)
Florence Nightingale (1820-1910)

Mary Everest Boole (1832-1916)

Susan Jane Cunningham (1842-1921)
...
Pelageya Yakovlevna Polubarinova-Kochina (1899- )
Twenthieth Century
Gertrude Mary Cox (1900-1978)
Mary Lucy Cartwright (1900-1998)
Nina Karlovna Bari (1901-1961) Edna Kramer Lassar (1902-1984) ... Karen E. Smith (1965- )
Need Help on these with date of birth (and death if appropriate)!
Margaret Wright Gloria Gilmer Goldie Prentis Horton Home ... LRiddle@AgnesScott.edu Last modified July 24, 2002 Agnes Scott College , Decatur, GA

14. Chisholm_Young
Describes the education and achievements of this English scholar born in 1868. Discusses the influences of her professor and her tutor/husband. grace chisholm young. Born 15 March 1868 in Haslemere (near London), England
http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Chisholm_Young.html
Grace Chisholm Young
Born: 15 March 1868 in Haslemere (near London), England
Died: 1944 in England
Click the picture above
to see two larger pictures Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index
Grace Chisholm was educated by a governess at home, then at the age of 17 she passed the Cambridge Senior Examination. Following her family's wishes Grace become involved in social work among poor people in London. She was stopped by her family from studying medicine, the topic of her choice, then decided to enter Girton College, Cambridge in 1889. At Girton her tutor was William Young . She obtained a first class degree in mathematics in 1892. Klein 's attitude towards women:- Professor Klein 's attitude is this, he will not countenance the admission of any woman who has not already done good work, and can bring proof of the same in the form of degrees or their equivalent ... and further he will not take any further steps till he has assured himself by a personal interview of the solidity of her claims. Professor Klein 's view is moderate. There are members of the Faculty here who are more eagerly in favour of the admission of women and others who disapprove altogether.

15. Young
1886 and 1892. One of the students young tutored was grace Emily chisholm,who studied mathematics at Girton College. She then went
http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Young.html
William Henry Young
Born: 20 Oct 1863 in London, England
Died: 7 July 1942 in Lausanne, Switzerland
Click the picture above
to see a larger version Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index
William Young 's father was Henry Young, a grocer, and his mother was Hephzibah Jeal. William was his parents' eldest son and he was brought up by his parents as a Baptist. He attended the City of London School where the headmaster was particularly fascinated by mathematics. This headmaster was Edwin A Abott, who was the author of the famous popular mathematical work Flatland. He immediately saw the potential that Young had for mathematics and he encouraged him in that direction. In 1881 Young entered Peterhouse, Cambridge to begin his undergraduate studies of mathematics. At Cambridge Young was an outstanding student showing far more mathematical ability than any of the other students in his year. However to achieve the position of First Wrangler (the top position in the list of First Class graduates) in the Mathematical Tripos required enormous dedication and training in the type of examination questions set in the Tripos. It would be fair to say that the First Wrangler was the most skilled at answering Tripos questions rather than the best mathematician and many of the great mathematicians who attended Cambridge failed to gain this distinction. Young was one such student for he made a very conscience decision that becoming First Wrangler was less important to him than having varied interests, both academic and sporting, at university. He was fourth wrangler in 1884. While at Cambridge he put aside the Baptist religion of his family and as baptised into the Church of England.

16. Class
Byland 6th Reading; young, grace chisholm; Noether, Emmy; Somerville,Mary Fairfax; Germain, Sophie; Agnesi, Marie Gaetana; Caudill Award
http://www.district96.w-cook.k12.il.us/hauser/class.html
In the Classroom... Below is a list of web home pages created by the Hauser staff to support the instructional programs of their classes. Click on the name of the staff person whose home page you want to visit. If you are a Hauser staff member and don't yet have a page, then click here to create your own home page Back to the Hauser home page.

17. Chisholm_Young Portraits
grace chisholm young. JOC/EFR August 2001
http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/PictDisplay/Chisholm_Young.html
Grace Chisholm Young
JOC/EFR August 2001 The URL of this page is:
http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/history/PictDisplay/Chisholm_Young.html

18. Biography-center - Letter Y
Mathematicians/Youden.html; young, grace chisholm wwwhistory.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/chisholm_young.html;young, John
http://www.biography-center.com/y.html
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19. University Of Liverpool Archives: Papers Of W.H. And G.C.Young
Papers of Professor William Henry young, and grace chisholm young. 1925).grace chisholm young. Born 1868, married 1896. Educated
http://sca.lib.liv.ac.uk/collections/archive/young.htm
Papers of Professor William Henry Young,
and Grace Chisholm Young
Biographical notes
William Henry Young Publications: Fundamental Theorems of the Differential Calculus , 1910; nearly 200 mathematical papers, as well as articles on educational and academic topics; jointly with his wife, Theory of Sets of Points First Book of Geometry , 1905 (translated into German as Der Kleine Geometer , 1908, also Italian, Swedish (1920), and Magyar (1925).
Grace Chisholm Young Born 1868, married 1896. Educated at Girton College, Cambridge, also Oxford (1892); Doctorate from Gottingen 1895 (first woman allowed a degree in Prussia). Studied medicine at Gottingen and Geneva. Publications: for joint books with her husband see above; articles in Nature ; poems; mathematical and astronomical papers.
Arrangement of the archive
The Young papers have been listed in the categories into which they had been sorted before their deposit in the University Archives in 1976. This organisation was preserved as adding a valuable extra dimension to the archive since it was the work of successive persons with detailed knowledge of the family and mathematical background. One of these organisers of the archive was the eldest daughter, Dr Cecily Tanner, who wrote a note explaining the background thus: "Both William Henry and Grace Chisholm Young had as their first love an interest in history and this included family history. William Henry Young particularly hoped that as it did for him, their own life and the upbringing of their children, as far as preserved letters might show, would give the next generation a conscious sense of their background in their own careers. Other papers were systematically destroyed because each successive home was to be a temporary one, and last no more than seven years at the outside, until in the later 1920s the idea of a return to England for permanent family residence was abandoned.

20. Archives Of The University Of Liverpool
architect; grace chisholm young (18681944) mathematician; WilliamHenry young (1863-1942) mathematician. There is also a Bibliography
http://sca.lib.liv.ac.uk/collections/archive/unihome.htm
University Archives
Guide to the Archives Staff Students University Chancellors ... University homepage
These pages provide links to lists of the University of Liverpool's institutional archives from 1835, and to lists of archives from associated organisations, and of former staff and students. Full descriptions are given for the records of some of the major international figures among the University's staff: There is also a
last updated 17 August 2000

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