61. William Ockham Escapes Avignon May 26, 1328 • william of ockham flees from Avignon. FEATURED VIDEO Quest forthe True Cross. John XXII (left) and william of ockham did not see eye to eye. http://www.gospelcom.net/chi/DAILYF/2002/05/daily-05-26-2002.shtml

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62. Essays For Amateurs And Professionals Interested In Science Feature Article. william of ockham (ESS4) Cutting out the fat. William van Ockhamwas a polymath whose interests roamed over a broad range of subjects. http://www.scienceandyou.org/articles/ess_04.shtml

the foundation for community access to science Henry Mulder Your Host www.scienceandyou.org you are here: main page > articles Links Library All Features Archeology Astronomy Biology ... Bookmark This Page Feature Article William of Ockham Cutting out the fat "Fanaticism consists in redoubling your effort when you have forgotten your aim." -George Santayana I have a vivid recollection of one of my professors whose specialty was formal logic, relating with relish how, in some academic dispute or other things had gotten rather ugly. I remember terms like "blood on the floor". To a young student, laboring under the illusion that in academia there was little room for raw emotion much less out and out warfare, this came as quite a shock. Were not these to be temples of logic and reasoned discourse? Now I learned that just as in more mainstream human activity, if you couldn't win your point by the strength of your argument there was always brute force. I am not suggesting physical violence of course, although even that may happen on occasion. The bludgeoning is more usually inflicted by mental techniques such as belittling an opponent or by the more subtle "straw man" tactic where instead of attacking an idea you attack the person offering it. I use this little personal anecdote to introduce one of my heroes, William of Ockham or as I like to call him William van Ockham. Van Ockham was born around the year 1285 in Surrey, England. That would make him a sort of successor to Roger Bacon who died in 1294. Although like Bacon, he was involved with the order of the Franciscans it is not known whether he was familliar with the other man's work.

63. William Of Ockham Books @ Philosophers.oxydex.com Basis of Morality According to William Ockham; Begriffe, Satze, Dinge ReferenzUnd Wahrheit Bei Wilhelm Von Ockham (Studien Und Texte Zur Geistesgeschichte http://philosophers.oxydex.com/late_middle_ages_and_renaissance/william_of_ockha

William of Ockham Books 18th-century 20th-century classical early medieval ... scholastics Welcome to philosophers.oxydex.com, your online site to find books! Listed below are books on: William of Ockham The Cambridge Companion to Ockham (Cambridge Companions to Philosophy(Cloth)) Paul Vincent Spade(Editor) / Hardcover / Published 1999 Ockham on the Virtues (History of Philosophy Series) Rega Wood, William De Connexione Virtutum / Paperback / Published 1997 Ockham on the Virtues (Purdue University Press Series in the History of Philosophy) Rega Wood, William De Connexione Virtutum / Hardcover / Published 1997 Quodlibetal Questions of Ockham William, et al / Paperback / Published 1998 William of Ockham : A Letter to the Friars Minor and Other Writings (Cambridge Texts in the History of Political Thought) Arthur Stephen McGrade(Editor), John Kilcullen (Editor) / Paperback / Published 1995 Basis of Morality According to William Ockham Begriffe, Satze, Dinge : Referenz Und Wahrheit Bei Wilhelm Von Ockham (Studien Und Texte Zur Geistesgeschichte Des Mittelalters, Vol 40) Chaucer's Troilus and Criseyde : A Poet's Response to Ockhamism (Studies in the Humanities (Peter Lang), Vol 29) Expositio in Libros Physicorum (Books 1-3) ... A Letter to the Friars Minor and Other Writings (Cambridge Texts in the History of Political Thought) of Ockham William, John Kilcullen (Editor) / Hardcover / Published 1995 Ockham's Theory of Terms : Part I of the Summa Logicae Opera Philosophica Opera Politica (Auctores Britannici Medii Aevi, No 14)

64. §20. William Of Ockham. X. English Scholars Of Paris And Franciscans Of Oxford. Volume I. From the Beginnings to the Cycles of Romance. X. English Scholarsof Paris and Franciscans of Oxford. § 20. william of ockham. http://www.bartleby.com/211/1020.html

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65. William Of Ockham, On The Difference Between Intuitive And Abstractive Cognition william of ockham, on the Difference between Intuititive and AbstractiveCognition. William 306317. Ockham, William of. Quodlibetal http://www.angelfire.com/md2/timewarp/ockham.html

William of Ockham, on the Difference between Intuititive and Abstractive Cognition William of Ockham (c.1285-c.1349) was a medieval philosopher, logician, and theologian. He was born in the village of Ockham, in the county of Surrey, England. He died in the city of Munich (in Bavaria). He wrote extensively on many subjects, including logic, epistemology, the philosophy of language, metaphysics, ethics, and theology. His philosophical writings included the Summa Logicae (Summa of Logic, c.1328), the Expositio in libros Physicorum Aristotelis (Exposition of the Books of Physics of Aristotle, 1322-24), and the Tractatus de praedestinatione et de praescientia Dei et de futuris contingentibus (Treatise on Predestination and on God's Foreknowledge of Future Contingents, 1321-24). His theological works included: In Libros Sententiarum (Commentary on the Sentences of Peter Lombard, 1317-18), and the Quodlibeta Septem (Seven Quodlibets, 1322-25). His political writings included: Dialogus Inter Magistrum et Discipulum de potestate Papae et Imperatoris (Dialogue between Master and Disciples on the Power of Emperors and Popes, 1334-47), and his

66. William Of Ockham william of ockham. 1285 1350. English theolgian and philosopher. Believed thatthe primary form of knowledge came from experience gained through the senses. http://imiloa.wcc.hawaii.edu/krupp/BIOL101/present/lcture07/tsld021.htm

William of Ockham English theolgian and philosopher. Believed that the primary form of knowledge came from experience gained through the senses. He based scientific knowledge on such experience and on self-evident truthsand on logical propositions resulting from those two sources . Further separated faith and reason. Known for the concept of Ockham’s Razor. Explanatory principles should not be needlessly multiplied. The simplest explanation that is consistent with the facts is the best. Previous slide Next slide Back to first slide View graphic version

67. William Of Ockham First Previous Next Last Index Home Text. Slide 20 of 27. http://imiloa.wcc.hawaii.edu/krupp/BIOL101/present/lcture07/sld020.htm

68. William Of Ockham's Dialogus Legnano. william of ockham's Dialogus. Dicitur quod hoc est propterunitatem fidei virorum et mulierum, quae omnes tangit . . . non http://faculty.cua.edu/pennington/EvolutionNorms/OckhamDialogus.htm

Bologna, Museo Civico Medievale, Sarcophagus of Johannes de Legnano William of Ockham's Dialogus " Dicitur quod hoc est propter unitatem fidei virorum et mulierum, quae omnes tangit . . . non est mulier a generali concilio excludenda" [It is said that this is on account of the unity of the faith of men and women, which touches all . . . a woman should not be excluded from a general council]

69. Occam's Razor or plurality should not be posited without necessity. The words are those ofthe medieval English philosopher and Franciscan monk william of ockham (ca. http://skepdic.com/occam.html

Robert Todd Carroll SkepDic.com Occam's razor " Pluralitas non est ponenda sine neccesitate " or "plurality should not be posited without necessity." The words are those of the medieval English philosopher and Franciscan monk William of Ockham (ca. 1285-1349). Like many Franciscans, William was a minimalist in this life, idealizing a life of poverty, and like St. Francis himself, battling with the Pope over the issue. William was excommunicated by Pope John XXII. He responded by writing a treatise demonstrating that Pope John was a heretic. What is known as Occam's razor was a common principle in medieval philosophy and was not originated by William, but because of his frequent usage of the principle, his name has become indelibly attached to it. It is unlikely that William would appreciate what some of us have done in his name. For example, atheists often apply Occam's razor in arguing against the existence of God on the grounds that God is an unnecessary hypothesis. We can explain everything without assuming the extra metaphysical baggage of a Divine Being. William's use of the principle of unnecessary plurality occurs in debates over the medieval equivalent of psi.

70. Re: William Of Ockham doctr. litt. MA 14 (1939) S.209230. McGrade, AS The political Thought of WilliamOckham. Personal and Institutional Principles. London/New York 1974. http://www.uni-heidelberg.de/subject/hd/fak7/hist/o1/logs/mdvlphil/log.started95

Up Re: William of Ockham Can anyone inform me about the relation between epistemology and politics in the philosopy of William of Ockham? I know there must be his Opera politica, but I do not know any editions of this work. Does someone know if there is a translation of his politica? There's one in Italian: Coccia, A.: Ockham. Filosofia, teologia, politica. Palermo 1966. I'm not sure if the Politica are included in Boehner, Ph. (Ed.): Ockham. Philosophical Writings. London 4th. ed. 1967. You can find further bibliographical information in Ghisalberti, A.: Bibliografia su Guglielmo di Occam dal 1950 al 1968. In: Rivista di filosofia neo-scolastica 61 (1969) S.273-284, 545-571. Heynck, V.: Ockham-Literatur 1919-1949. In: Franz. Studien 32 (1950) S.164-183. Reilly, J. P.: Ockham Bibliography, 1950-1967. In: Franc. Stud. 28 (1969) S.197-214. I am also looking for a good summary of his political ideas based on his epistemology. Theres useful information in Baudry, L.: Lexique philosophique d'Ockham. Etudes et notions fondamentales. Paris 1958. You could also try Baudry, L.: Le philosophe et le politique dans Guillaume d'Ockham. In: Archives hist. doctr. litt. MA 14 (1939) S.209-230. McGrade, A.S.: The political Thought of William Ockham. Personal and Institutional Principles. London/New York 1974. Miethke, J.: Ockhams Weg zur Sozialphilosophie. Berlin 1969. Hope this helps, Annette Klein Institut fuer Romanische Philologie Goethestr.20 Karmanstr.17/19 52064 Aachen 52062 Aachen Email: anne@pool.informatik.rwth-aachen.de Tel.:+49 241/72419 Fax:+49 241/79502 [Submitted by: Annette Klein Sat, 27 May 1995 17:19:13 +0200] Up

71. Re: William Of Ockham Toronto 1986) p.5. Apart from the litterature already mentioned, Adams' William Ockham(epistemology) and Miethke's Ockhams Weg (politics) should be consulted. http://www.uni-heidelberg.de/subject/hd/fak7/hist/o1/logs/mdvlphil/log.started95

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72. Guggenheim Collection - Artist - Flavin - The Nominal Three (to William Of Ockha the nominal three (to william of ockham), 1963. Fluorescent light fixtures withdaylight lamps, each fixture 6 feet; 72 x 212 1/2 x 5 inches overall. http://www.guggenheimcollection.org/site/artist_work_md_461.html

Shortcut Full search the nominal three (to William of Ockham), Employing only commercial fluorescent lights in his work, Dan Flavin devised a radical new art form that circumvented the limits imposed by frames, pedestals, or other conventional means of display. His embrace of the unadorned fluorescent fixture as an aesthetic object placed him at the forefront of a generation of artists whose use of industrial materials, emphasis on elementary forms, and nonhierarchical relationships among component parts became the salient characteristics of Minimalism [ more The additive composition of the nominal three (to William of Ockham), greens crossing greens (to Piet Mondrian who lacked green), untitled (to Ward Jackson, an old friend and colleague who, during the Fall of 1957 when I finally returned to New York from Washington and joined him to work together in this museum, kindly communicated). untitled (to Tracy, to celebrate the love of a lifetime), J. Fiona Ragheb

73. William Of Ockham: Quodlibetal Questions; 02 Volumes; Author: William Of Ockham; william of ockham Quodlibetal Questions; 02 Volumes Authorwilliam of ockham; Editor Kelley, Francis E. http://www.opengroup.com/phbooks/030/0300075065.shtml

English Books German Books Spanish Books Sheet Music ... NEW RELEASES William Of Ockham: Quodlibetal Questions; 02 Volumes Author: William Of Ockham; Editor: Kelley, Francis E. Yale Library of Medieval Philosophy; Paperback 728 pages Published: June 1998 Yale University Press ISBN: 0300075065 This is an English translation of the Quodlibetal Questions of William of Ockham, reflections on a variety of topics in logic, ontology, natural philosophy, philosophical psychology, moral theory and theology. PRODUCT CODE: 0300075065 USA/Canada: US$ 49.00 Australia/NZ: A$ 100.05 Other Countries: US$ 84.60 convert to your currency Delivery costs included if your total order exceeds US$50. We do not charge your credit card until we ship your order. Government and corporate Purchase Orders accepted without prior account application. PLACE AN ORDER To prepare to buy this item click "add to cart" above. You can change or abandon your shopping cart at any time before checkout. CHECK ORDER STATUS Check on order progress and dispatch. CHANGE OR CANCEL YOUR ORDER Please E-mail us within one hour The NetStoreUSA website is operated by Open Communications, Inc

74. Notes To William Of Ockham indebted to Kilcullen 1999. Copyright © 2002 spade (not in database).Notes to william of ockham Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. http://www.science.uva.nl/~seop/entries/ockham/notes.html

Notes For an account of Ockham's life, including a discussion of how these dates are calculated in Ockham's case, see Wood [1997], Chap. 1. For further details of Ockham's life, see Courtenay [1999]. The technical term is second son.) Ockham's accuser may have been John Lutterell, who had been Chancellor at the University of Oxford for a while. Recall that the Papacy at this time, together with all the offices and bureaucracy that went with it, was not located in Rome, but at Avignon, a moderate-sized town in southeastern France, on the Rhone River. It was there between 1309 and 1377. It is not certain that Ockham had ever actually been ordered to stay in Avignon. Michael of Cesena later on claimed that this was an utter fabrication (Wood [1997], p. 10 n. 21). Note that Ockham was excommunicated for his actions , not for his views. Lesser Treatise on Logic Tractatus minor logicae ) and Primer of Logic Elementarium logicae There are two doubtful exceptions, the Lesser Treatise on Logic and the Primer of Logic, which appear to be late and may not be authentic. See

75. Artwork Page The Nominal Three (to William Of Ockham) the nominal three (to william of ockham) Add to My Cybermuse. Dan Flavin thenominal three (to william of ockham) 1964 National Gallery of Canada (no. http://cybermuse.gallery.ca/cybermuse/search/artwork_e.jsp?mkey=7826

76. Ayn Rand & Objectivism - William Of Ockham william of ockham. Entia william of ockham, born around 1280 near London,England, was a passionate student of Aristotle's logic. His http://www.dailyobjectivist.com/Heroes/WilliamofOckham.asp

Areas of TDO Support TDO Amazon Laissez Faire General Info Search Net General News Sports Weather ... Health Popular with Objectivists Objectivist Center CATO Reason.org Free-Market.net ... Chris Sciabarra TDO Info Contact TDO TDO Policies TDO Staff More Links Connection Extrospection Spirituality Reciprocal Links William of Ockham Entia non sunt multiplicanda sine necessitate. Do not multiply entities beyond necessity. Ockham's Razor was recently enlisted by Jodie Foster's character in " Contact " in support of her agnosticism. While Ockham did not originate the principle, the principle is named after him because he used it to such good effect. William of Ockham, born around 1280 near London, England, was a passionate student of Aristotle's logic. His personal commitment to the judgment of his own mind caused him much distress during his lifetime. He took the traditional course of theological studies at Oxford, where he faced strong opposition from the faculty. He never received his master's degree. He moved to Paris to study, later teaching at the University of Paris. After his departure the philosophy faculty issued a warning against his ideas. Later he was to be excommunicated from the Church. "Doctor Invincibilis," as he was sometimes called, rejected an idealist view of concepts. "No universal is a substance existing outside of the mind."

77. William Of Ockham william of ockham. Life; Philosophy; Ockham's Razor. Life. In or around 1285,william of ockham was born in Ockham, England, in the province of Surrey. http://www.vt.edu:10021/J/jkurynny/ock.htm

William of Ockham Life Philosophy Ockham's Razor Life In or around 1285, William of Ockham was born in Ockham, England, in the province of Surrey. He entered the Franciscan order when he was young, which was reinforced by a full array of theological studies at Oxford. He never obtained his Master's degree, however; the faculty at Oxford highly disagreed with his opinions. He went on to teach his ideas, however, which attracted the disapproval of Pope John XXII. In 1324, he was summoned to the papal court in Avingion, France, and charged with heresy against the church, for which he was not condemned nor discredited. He remained in Avingion, and became involved in another dispute over apostolic poverty. The argument reached a boiling point in 1328, and when the Pope was about to condemn Ockham and three other Franciscans, they fled to seek refuge under Ludwig of Bavaria, whom they rendezvoused with in Pisa. They traveled with Ludwig to Munich, Germany, where Ockham verbally attacked the pope and the church for the abuse of papal power. He employed one of his most popular theorems, the Razor (Ockhams Razor; Principle of Parsimony; Principle of Economy) to eliminate many false foundations of the church. The principle generally states that irrelevant detail should be cut away so that the simplest possible explanation of an entity remains. To Ockham, "plurality should not be assumed without necessity." This theorem is still used today, namely in Physics and Mathematics. The popular belief is that Ockham died around 1348 in a convent in Munich a victim of the Black Death.

78. Information On William Of Ockham W/K william of ockham. Overture, Search the Web. Type it and go! Rating3 (out of 5) The Political Thought of William Ockham Avg. http://www.wkonline.com/d/William_of_Ockham.html

William of Ockham Contact Us WK William of Ockham [ W E B K N O W L E D G E O N L I N E :: William of Ockham ] Resources :: WB WBT Addons Baby ... [W/K] :: William of Ockham Search the Web. Type it and go! 1 definition for William of Ockham From WordNet (r) 1.7 William of Ockham n : English scholastic philosopher and assumed author of Occam's Razor (1285-1349) [syn: Occam William of Occam Ockham William of Ockham You can find more information on William of Ockham in these books: Ockhams Theory of Propositions: Part II of the Summa Logicae Avg. Rating: (out of 5) Opera Politica (Auctores Britannici Medii Aevi, No 14) Avg. Rating: (out of 5) Vision and Certitude in the Age of Ockham: Optics, Epistemology and the Foundation of Semantics 1250-1345 (Studien Und Texte Zur Geistesgeschichte D) Avg. Rating: (out of 5) William of Ockham: A Letter to the Friars Minor and Other Writings Avg. Rating: (out of 5) William of Ockham: Quodlibetal Questions V.I (V-VII)

79. FlowMap - News & Notes Links, NOTE william of ockham Father of Elegant Simplicity. william of ockhamwas a 14th century English monk, philosopher and theologian (1285-1349). http://www.flowmap.com/news.php3?showid=5

80. Ockham, William Of william of ockham. Back to Last Page Glossary Index Related Terms.• theology. Name william of ockham. Dates Born c. 1285 http://atheism.about.com/library/glossary/general/bldef_ockham.htm

zfp=-1 About Agnosticism/Atheism Search in this topic on About on the Web in Products Web Hosting Agnosticism/Atheism with Austin Cline Your Guide to one of hundreds of sites Home Articles Forums ... Help zmhp('style="color:#fff"') Subjects ESSENTIALS Skepticism, Philosophy, Logic, Fallacies Church / State Separation Evolution vs. Creationism ... All articles on this topic Stay up-to-date! Subscribe to our newsletter. Advertising Free Credit Report Free Psychics Advertisement William of Ockham Back to Last Page Glossary Index Related Terms theology Name: William of Ockham Dates: Born: c. 1285 in Ockham, England Died: April 9, 1349 in Munich, Bavaria Excommunicated: 1328 Biography: William of Ockham was an English Franciscan theologian who studied and taught at Oxford and wrote a number of political and logical treatises. He is, however, most famous for Ockham's Razor, an ontological principle which is also known as the law of parsimony. According to Ockham, Frustra fit per plura quod potest fieri per pauciora , which means in English: It is pointless to do with more what can be done with less. What this means, in practice, is that we should not bother postulating the existence of entities, things, or principles which are not absolutely, logically necessary to explain the phenomena at hand. Thus, for example, because gravity does such a good job at explaining why things fall, there is no need to add in the extra hypothesis of invisible fairies pushing things to the ground. Not all of William's ideas were warmly received by the Church. The pope summoned him to appear at Avignon and answer charges; in the end, fifty-one of his propositions were deemed heretical and banned. Before this time he had accorded the Church and the pope the authority in matters of faith, but after these experiences he limited that authority to scriptures. As a consequence, he was forced to flee and was excommunicated from his Franciscan order.

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