1. Alan Turing Seminal essay on artificial intelligence, in which Turing describes the famous "Turing Test" and asks the question, "can machines think?" BY A.M.TURING. 1 The Imitation Game http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/turing

version history HOW TO CITE THIS ENTRY Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy A B C D ... Z content revised JUN Alan Turing Alan Turing (1912-1954) never described himself as a philosopher, but his 1950 paper "Computing Machinery and Intelligence" is one of the most frequently cited in modern philosophical literature. It gave a fresh approach to the traditional mind-body problem, by relating it to the mathematical concept of computability he himself had introduced in his 1936-7 paper "On computable numbers, with an application to the Entscheidungproblem." His work can be regarded as the foundation of computer science and of the artificial intelligence program. 1. Outline of Life 2. The Turing Machine and Computability 3. The Logical and the Physical 4. The Uncomputable ... Related Entries 1. Outline of Life Alan Turing's short and extraordinary life has attracted wide interest. It has inspired his mother's memoir (E. S. Turing 1959), a detailed biography (Hodges 1983), a play and television film (Whitemore 1986), and various other works of fiction and art. There are many reasons for this interest, but one is that in every sphere of his life and work he made unexpected connections between apparently unrelated areas. His central contribution to science and philosophy came through his treating the subject of symbolic logic as a new branch of applied mathematics, giving it a physical and engineering content. Unwilling or unable to remain within any standard role or department of thought, Alan Turing continued a life full of incongruity. Though a shy, boyish, man, he had a pivotal role in world history through his role in Second World War cryptology. Though the founder of the dominant technology of the twentieth century, he variously impressed, charmed or disturbed people with his unworldly innocence and his dislike of moral or intellectual compromise.

2. Alan Mathison Turing Undergraduate biographical essay by John M. Kowalik.Category Science Math History People Turing, Alan Mathison......Alan Turing. by. Alan Turing was born in London on June 23, 1912. As soon ashe began attending school, his aptitude for the sciences began to emerge. http://ei.cs.vt.edu/~history/Turing.html

Alan Turing by John M. Kowalik Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for CS 3604, Professionalism in Computing, Fall 1995. Born 23 June 1912, London; Died 7 June 1954, Manchester England; Pioneer in developing computer logic as we know it today. One of the first to approach the topic of artificial intelligence. Education: Sherborne School, 1926-31; Wrangler, Mathematics Tripos, Kings College, Cambridge,1931; Ph.D., Princeton University, 1938 Professional Experience: Fellow, King's College, 1935-45;Princeton University, 1936-38; British Foreign Office, Bletchley Park, 1939-45; National Physical Laboratory, 1945-48; University of Manchester, 1948-54; Honors and Awards: Smith's Prize, Cambridge University, 1936; Order of the British Empire (OBE), 1946; Fellow, Royal Society, 1951. Alan Mathison Turing was one of the great pioneers of the computer field. He inspired the now common terms of "The Turing Machine" and "Turing's Test." As a mathematician he applied the concept of the algorithm to digital computers. His research into the relationships between machines and nature created the field of artificial intelligence. His intelligence and foresight made him one of the first to step into the information age. Alan Turing was born in London on June 23, 1912. As soon as he began attending school, his aptitude for the sciences began to emerge. When it came to the more 'right brain' topics of English and history however, his attention waned. His instructors attempted to get Alan to study other disciplines, but he would respond to mathematics and science. He retained this trait throughout his education.

3. Cosmic Baseball Association-Alan M. Turing Alan M. turing alan M. Turing Born June 23, 1912 Died June 7, 1954 In December, 1936, Alan Turing published a paper entitled On Computable Numbers. http://www.cosmicbaseball.com/turing6.html

Alan M. Turing Shortstop Alan M. Turing Born: June 23, 1912 - Died June 7, 1954 Mathematician/Logician/Computer Theoretician In December, 1936, Alan Turing published a paper entitled On Computable Numbers . With a background in mathematical logic, Turing formulated what was later called the "Turing Machine" and posited the notion that there are some mathematical problems that cannot be solved by machines. The concept of the "Turing Machine" has become the basis for the contemporary history of computers and computation. Turing spent the rest of his short life working in the logic/mathematics field. After receiving his Ph.D. in 1938 from Princeton University (New Jersey) he returned to England and during World War II he worked in the Government Code and Cypher School where he contributed to the decoding of the German Enigma codes. After the war he helped construct the Automatic Computing Engine (ACE) in 1945. In 1948 as deputy director of the Computing Laboratory at the University of Manchester (England), Turing had access to the MADAM (Manchester Automatic Digital Machine) computer which, at the time, had the largest memory capacity in the world. Turing's work has directly inspired the artificial intelligence wing of computer science. He believed that it was possible to build computers capable of human thought and the "Turing Test" has been used to examine this potential of computers. Basically, the test goes like this: if you are sitting at a computer terminal and "talking" with a computer and you cannot tell whether it is a human or a machine you are talking to, then the machine should be considered intelligent.

4. Alan Turing Kurzer Lebenslauf von Wikipedia. http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Turing

5. Turing Biography from the MacTutor History of Mathematics archive.Category Science Math History People Turing, Alan Mathison......Alan Mathison Turing. Born 23 June 1912 in London, England Died 7 June 1954in Wilmslow, Cheshire, England. Alan Turing was born at Paddington, London. http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Turing.html

Alan Mathison Turing Born: 23 June 1912 in London, England Died: 7 June 1954 in Wilmslow, Cheshire, England Click the picture above to see two larger pictures Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Alan Turing was born at Paddington, London. His father, Julius Mathison Turing, was a British member of the Indian Civil Service and he was often abroad. Alan's mother, Ethel Sara Stoney, was the daughter of the chief engineer of the Madras railways and Alan's parents had met and married in India. When Alan was about one year old his mother rejoined her husband in India, leaving Alan in England with friends of the family. Alan was sent to school but did not seem to be obtaining any benefit so he was removed from the school after a few months. Next he was sent to Hazlehurst Preparatory School where he seemed to be an average to good pupil in most subjects but was greatly taken up with following his own ideas. He became interested in chess while at this school and he joined the debating society. He completed his Common Entrance Examination in 1926 and then went to Sherborne School. Now 1926 was the year of the general strike and when the strike was in progress Turing cycled 60 miles to the school from his home, not too demanding a task for Turing who later was to become a fine athlete of almost Olympic standard. He found it very difficult to fit into what was expected at this public school, yet his mother had been so determined that he should have a public school education. Many of the most original thinkers have found conventional schooling an almost incomprehensible process and this seems to have been the case for Turing. His genius drove him in his own directions rather than those required by his teachers.

6. Alan Turing Encyclopedia biography from Wikipedia. http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Turing

7. Alan Turing Biographical entry in the FOLDOC. http://foldoc.doc.ic.ac.uk/foldoc/foldoc.cgi?Alan Turing

8. Turing Alan Mathison Translate this page turing alan Mathison. np. h. PERS (23/06/1912 - 07/06/1954) Mathématicien,logicien et informaticien britannique, qui fut l'un http://www.linux-france.org/prj/jargonf/T/Turing_Alan_Mathison.html

Turing Alan Mathison np. h. PERS ] (23/06/1912 - 07/06/1954) Mathématicien, logicien et informaticien britannique, qui fut l'un des fondateurs de l'informatique moderne, avec Von Neumann John et Wiener Norbert . La Machine de Turing est la machine contenant toutes les possibilités de transformation de toutes les autres machines. C'est grâce à Turing que les alliés ont percé le secret d'Enigma, le système de chiffrement des Allemands. Au lieu de devenir un héros, il fut accusé d'avoir des relations homosexuelles (ce qui fut un crime jusqu'à la fin des années 60 en Angleterre). On le força alors à se faire traiter par des hormones féminines, et quand il commença à avoir de la poitrine, il enduisit une pomme d'arsenic pour se suicider. http://www.turing.org.uk/ Articles liés à celui-ci : Church Alonzo Colossus test de Turing thèse de Church-Turing ... Wiener Norbert Articles voisins : tuner tuning tunneling tuple ... Courrier

9. Alan Turing From FOLDOC Biographical entry in the FOLDOC.Category Science Math History People Turing, Alan Mathison......Alan Turing. person Alan M. Turing, 191206-22/3? - 1954-06-07. A British mathematician,inventor of the Turing Machine. Turing also proposed the Turing test. http://wombat.doc.ic.ac.uk/foldoc/foldoc.cgi?Alan Turing

10. Alan Turing From FOLDOC Alan M. Turing . Alan Turing. person Alan M. Turing, 191206-22/3?- 1954-06-07. A British mathematician, inventor of the Turing Machine. http://wombat.doc.ic.ac.uk/foldoc/foldoc.cgi?Alan M. Turing

11. Turing Alan Mathison From FOLDOC turing alan Mathison. biography, history of philosophy English mathematician(19121954). Extrapolating from the mathematical discoveries http://www.swif.uniba.it/lei/foldop/foldoc.cgi?Turing Alan Mathison

12. Who2 Profile: Alan Turing ALAN TURING • Mathematician. Name at birth Alan Mathison Turing AlanTuring Homepage Complete look at Turing by biographer Andrew Hodges, http://www.who2.com/alanturing.html

ALAN TURING Mathematician Name at birth: Alan Mathison Turing Alan Turing was a mathematician who in 1937 suggested a theoretical machine, since called a Turing Machine, that became the basis of modern computing. In 1950 he suggested what has become known as a "Turing's test," still the criterion for recognizing intelligence in a machine. During World War II Turing led the team that succeeded in breaking German high-level secret codes, using the first practical programmed computer, called Colossus. Turing was a homosexual, a crime in England at the time, and in 1952 he was tried, convicted and sentenced to estrogen treatments. In 1954 he died of cyanide poisoning, an apparent suicide. Extra credit : Turing was also an accomplished competitive runner. Alan Turing Homepage Complete look at Turing by biographer Andrew Hodges The Turing Archive Tremendous resource for articles and documents Alan Turing Biographical profile and a photo Turing Good account of his life and career, followed by links Birth: 23 June 1912 Birthplace: London, England

13. Xrefer - Search Results - Alan Turing turing alan 1912 1954. turing alan 1912 1954 English mathematician best known forthe Turing machine and the Turing test, turing alan Mathison 1912 1954. http://www.xrefer.com/results.jsp?shelf=&term=Alan Turing

14. Xrefer - Search Results - Alan Turing next results page . turing alan 1912 1954. turing alan 1912 1954 English mathematicianbest known for the Turing machine and the Turing test, both http://www.xrefer.com/results.jsp?term=Alan Turing

15. Alan Turing Alan Turing. The account below relies on the book Alan Turing the Enigma (1983) by Andrew Hodges who maintains the Alan Turing home page. http://www.math.sfu.ca/histmath/Europe/20thCenturyAD/Turing.html

Alan Turing The account below relies on the book "Alan Turing: the Enigma" (1983) by Andrew Hodges who maintains the Alan Turing home page Alan Mathison Turing was born June 23, 1912 in a nursing home in Paddington, London to Julius Mathison and Ethel Sara Turing. His father Julius, an officer in the British administration in India , decided that his son would be raised in England. Alan Turing and his older brother John had a childhood ridigly determined by the demands of the class and the exile in India of his parents. Alan and his brother were shuffled amongst various English foster homes as children until their father retired from India in 1926. Alan was niether encouraged nor supported in the foster homes and through his own pursuits found a deep underlying passion for science, first in chemistry experiments. As Alan became more enticed with science his mother worried that he would not be accepted into Sherbourne,the English Public School. However, in 1926 Alan was granted admission into Sherbourne and his mother's fears were dissolved for a short while. Soon after his admission the Headmaster soon reported :"If he is to be solely a scientific specialist, he is wasting his time at a public school." In hindsight, we might say this Headmaster's assessment was almost correct. Many other teachers also made similar remarks In 1928, Turing began to study relativity. It was at this time, on the sixth form that Alan met

16. Alan Mathison Turing turing alan MATHISON. Britain 19351954 Bamford,J. Body of Secrets. The namesbelow are mentioned on the listed pages with the name turing alan MATHISON. http://www.namebase.org/main1/Alan_Mathison_Turing.html

TURING ALAN MATHISON Britain 1935-1954 Bamford,J. Body of Secrets. 2001 Bird,K. The Color of Truth. 1998 Brand,S. The Media Lab. 1987 Brockman,J. Digerati. 1996 ... Wright,P. Spycatcher. 1987 pages cited this search: 20 Order hard copy of these pages Show a social network diagram for this name The names below are mentioned on the listed pages with the name TURING ALAN MATHISON Click on a name for a new proximity search: ALEXANDER HUGH ODONEL Wright,P. Spycatcher. 1987 BIJUR BILL Bird,K. The Color of Truth. 1998 ... Brand,S. The Media Lab. 1987 TURING ALAN MATHISON pages searched: 19 These names share the indicated number of pages with the above name. Click on a name below for a standard name search: FEIGENBAUM EDWARD A FRIENDLY ALFRED LANIER JARON MILNER-BARRY PHILIP STUART ... Back to home page

17. Recherche : Auteur turing alan , Certification IDDN. Dans lesfiches. 1 fiche trouvée 1995 la Machine de Turing. http://publimath.irem.univ-mrs.fr/cgi-bin/publimath.pl?r=auteur=Turing Alan

18. WIEM: Turing Alan Mathison turing alan Mathison (19121954), matematyk brytyjski. Czlonek Royal Society wLondynie (od 1951). turing alan Mathison (1912-1954), matematyk brytyjski. http://www.encyklopedia.pl/wiem/doc/adc45ef780877782c125668e003a8b5f

wiem.onet.pl napisz do nas losuj: has³a multimedia Matematyka, Wielka Brytania Turing Alan Mathison widok strony znajd¼ podobne poka¿ powi±zane Turing Alan Mathison (1912-1954), matematyk brytyjski. Cz³onek Royal Society w Londynie (od 1951). G³ówne pola zainteresowañ: logika matematyczna i matematyka obliczeniowa. W 1936 stworzy³ teoretyczny model tzw. maszyny Turinga - abstrakcyjnego automatu przekszta³caj±cego ci±gi symboli, tj. s³owa w alfabecie A danej maszyny Turinga. Ró¿ne maszyny Turinga mog± reprezentowaæ funkcje o argumentach i warto¶ciach rozmaitych typów, z wyj±tkiem tzw. funkcji nieobliczalnych. Istnieje jednak tzw. hipoteza Turinga g³osz±ca, ¿e ka¿da funkcja, dla której istnieje algorytm obliczania warto¶ci, jest reprezentowalna przez jak±¶ maszynê Turinga. Maszyna Turinga stanowi obecnie wa¿ne narzêdzie formalne w zagadnieniach efektywnej rozstrzygalno¶ci oraz z³o¿ono¶ci obliczeniwej. W czasie II wojny ¶wiatowej Turing po¶wiêci³ siê budowie urz±dzeñ deszyfruj±cych. Powi±zania Test Turinga Wielcy w informatyce Colossus Maszyna Turinga ... do góry Encyklopedia zosta³a opracowana na podstawie Popularnej Encyklopedii Powszechnej Wydawnictwa Fogra

19. Alan Turing Alan Turing (191254), British mathematician. Turing was educated at Cambridgeand Princeton. All rights reserved. - Dr. Donita Brown. Alan Turing. http://alan-turing.com/

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20. Hodges Andrew Philosophy, Turing Alan Mathison , 1912-1954, Artificial Intellige Hodges Andrew Philosophy, turing alan Mathison , 19121954, Artificial intelligence,Mathematicians, Great Britain, Philosophy Of Mathematics, History http://www.24-7literatureexpert.com/Hodges-Andrew-Turing-The-Great-0415923786.ht

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