41. Bigchalk: HomeworkCentral: Other (I-Z) Rubin, Vera; Scheiner, Christoph (15731650); theon of alexandria;Theon of Smyrna; Wilson, Robert. Privacy Policy Terms Conditions http://www.bigchalk.com/cgi-bin/WebObjects/WOPortal.woa/Homework/High_School/Phi

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42. Bigchalk: HomeworkCentral: Other (I-Z) Leavitt, Henrietta Swan; Lemaitre, Georges; Leverrier, Urbain Jean Joseph BriefBiography; Rubin, Vera; theon of alexandria; Theon of Smyrna; Wilson, Robert. http://www.bigchalk.com/cgi-bin/WebObjects/WOPortal.woa/Homework/Elementary/Phil

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43. Matenadaran - The Heritage There are many manuscripts at the Matenadaran, containing the works of Aristotle(389 322 BC), Zeno, theon of alexandria (1st century AD), Secudius (2nd http://www.matenadaran.am/en/heritage/philosophy.html

The Heritage Philosophy Philosophical thought has reached a high degree of development in ancient and medieval Armenia.The manuscripts of the Matenadaran include the works of more than 30 Armenian philosophers, such as Eznik Koghbatsi, Movses Kertogh (5th century), David Anhaght (5th - 6th centuries), David Harkatsi (7th century), Stepanos Sunetsi (8th century), Hovhannes Sarkavag (1045/50 - 1129), Hovhannes Yerzenkatsi, Vahram Rabuni (13th century), Hovhan Vorotnetsi (1315 - 1386), Grigor Tatevatsi (1346 - 1409), Arakel Sunetsi (1425), Stepanos Lehatsi (1699), etc. 'The Refutation of the Sects' of the 5th century famous Armenian philosopher Eznik Koghbatsi is the first original philosophical work written in Armenian after the creation of the Alphabet. Having the extention of Christianity as a purpose, he thoroughly criticises both the Armenian and the Greek paganism, the Persian zoroastrianism, the sects, etc. 'The Definition of Philosophy' written by David Anhaght (5th - 6th centuries) is the most important monument of the mundane philosophical thought in Armenia. It is one of the rare works that continues the antique philosophical traditions, widely using the theories of Platon, Aristotle, Pythagoras. At the same time many progressive theories on philosophy and logics are worked out. Many important theories were brought forward by the medieval Armenian philosophers. They regarded the primacy of sensually perceptible things and the role of the senses, the contradictions of natural phenomena, space and time, the origin and destruction of matter, etc. There are numerous interests about natural phenomena and their cognition in the works of Armenian philosophers. The 12th century scholar Hovhannes Sarkavag notes the role of experiment in the cognition of the world and advises to check the knowledge by the experiments.

44. Lunar Republic : Craters 0.8S. 15.4E. 18. ~ Of Smyrna (c. 70?c. 135?), Greek mathematician, philosopherand astronomer; father of theon of alexandria (qv). Theophilus. 11.4S. 26.4E. 110. http://www.lunarrepublic.com/gazetteer/crater_t.shtml

Craters (T) Craters A B C D ... Return To Gazetteer Index Common Name Lat Long Diam Origin T. Mayer Johann Tobias ~ (1723-1762), German astronomer, cartographer and mathematician; first to determine the libration of the Moon. Tacchini Pietro ~ (1838-1905), Italian astronomer; director of the observatories at Modena, Palermo and the Collegio Romano. Tacitus Cornelius ~ (c. 55-120?), Roman politician, philosopher and historian. Tacquet André ~, S.J. (1612-1660), Belgian Jesuit and mathematician; his work helped pave that way for the discovery of the calculus. Taizo Japanese male name.

45. Riverworld PBEM: Hypatia She learned Mathematics from her father, theon of alexandria, thelast president (possibly) of the famous Alexandrian Musuem. http://www.pennmush.org/~alansz/rw-pbem/bg/chars/hypatia.html

Hypatia of Alexandria Description She is a short (5'), slender woman of unaffected beauty. Her eyes are a warm brown, her skin is clear and sun-darkened a rich bronze. She is typically serious of mien but occassionally a lovely smile will part her full lips. Biography ? Hypatia, was born ca. 370 AD in Alexandria, Egypt. She was killed at the hands of a Christian mob in 413 AD, having spent her life in Alexandria as a teacher of mathematics and philosophy. In addition, she was a knowledgable and prominent member of her religious community. She learned Mathematics from her father, Theon of Alexandria, the last "president" (possibly) of the famous Alexandrian Musuem. She soon surpassed him and went on to pen at least 3 texts which are known today within the fields of geometry, (?), and astronomy. She speaks Greek, Latin, Arabic (she is a mathematician, so I assume), and (possibly the language indigenous to the region, however she is of a 'privileged' and learned class so perhaps not). I also assume she can write in all of these languages. Personality There is actually very little historical information about this amazing woman. (Not that books do not exist, but that in depth info about her life appears, from the reviews on the Web I read and the published bibliographies) and especially her mathematics is lacking.

46. Palladas Of Alexandria - Biographies Of The Byzantine Period Epigrammatists One of the epigrams attributed to him on the authority of Planudes is an eulogy onthe celebrated Hypatia, daughter of theon of alexandria, whose tragic death http://ancienthistory.about.com/library/bl/bl_text_gkanth_bio5a.htm

zfp=-1 About History Ancient/Classical History Search in this topic on About on the Web in Products Web Hosting in partnership with Ancient/Classical History with N.S. Gill Your Guide to one of hundreds of sites Home Articles Forums ... Help zmhp('style="color:#fff"') This Week's Articles tod('tih'); Today in History Daily Quiz tod('pod'); Picture of the Day Special Subscription Offers Subscribe Now Choose One: Subscribe Customer Service Subjects A to Z COLOSSEUM Cleopatra Pictures WEAPONS WARFARE ... All articles on this topic Stay up-to-date! Subscribe to our newsletter. Advertising Free Credit Report Free Psychics Advertisement Palladas of Alexandria Section on the Byzantine Period of Greek literary history from The Greek Anthology. More of This Feature PALLADAS OF ALEXANDRIA MARIANUS AGATHIAS ARABIUS ... COMETAS Related Resources Primary Texts Index To the same period in thoughtbeyond this there is no clue to their datebelong AESOPUS and GLYCON, each the author of a single epigram in the Palatine Anthology. They belong to the age of the Byzantine metaphrasts, when infinite pains were taken to rewrite well-known poems or passages in different metres, by turning Homer into elegiacs or iambics, and recasting pieces of Euripides or Menander as epigrams. Select Epigrams from The Greek Anthology Edited with a Revised Text, Translation, and Notes, by J. W. Mackail

47. AMU CHMA NEWSLETTER #11 (09/01/1994) The Librairie Scientifique et Technique Albert Blanchard (Paris, France) will publish,in 1993, a reprint of theon of alexandria's comments on the 'Syntax' of http://www.math.buffalo.edu/mad/AMU/amu_chma_11.html

AMUCHMA-NEWSLETTER-11 Chairman: Paulus Gerdes (Mozambique) Secretary: Ahmed Djebbar (Algeria) TABLE OF CONTENTS NEWSLETTER #11 Objectives of AMUCHMA Meetings Current research interests Notes and queries ... back to AMUCHMA ONLINE Higher Pedagogical Institute (ISP), Maputo (Mozambique), 1.9.1993 2. MEETINGS 2.1 4th MaghrIbian Symposium on the History of Arabic Mathematics The 4th MaghrIbian Symposium on the History of Arabic Mathematics was held at the Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah University in Fez (Morocco), organized by Mohamed Aballagh, Mohamed Abattouy, and Mohamed Mesbahi. The following papers were presented in Arabic, English, or French dealing with the arabic mathematical sciences, their application and reception during the Middle Ages: * Ahmed Djebbar (Algiers, Algeria): Some aspects of mathematical activities in the extreme Maghreb from the XIIth to the XVIth centuries; * Mohamed Benchrifa (Rabat, Morocco): Presence of mathematics in some Andalusian literary writings; * Moustafa Mawaldi (Aleppo, Syria): Study of the manuscript 'Risala fi-l-Hisab-l-Hawa'i' of Najm ad-Din al-Katibi; * Rachid Bebbouchi (Bab-Ez-Zonar, Algeria): Redaction techniques in mathematics: Arabic heritage and actual reality in Algeria;

48. AMU CHMA NEWSLETTER #14 (03/21/1995) 227262 * Heron of Alexandria, The Metrica (1st century) 231-232 * theon of alexandria,Comments on the Almagest (4th century) 232-234 * Medieval binomial http://www.math.buffalo.edu/mad/AMU/amu_chma_14.html

AMUCHMA-NEWSLETTER-14 Chairman: Paulus Gerdes (Mozambique) Secretary: Ahmed Djebbar (Algeria) TABLE OF CONTENTS NEWSLETTER #1 Objectives of AMUCHMA Three new AMUCHMA projects Meetings, expositions, events Current research interests ... back to AMUCHMA ONLINE 2. THREE NEW AMUCHMA PROJECTS * To stimulate the creation of new national and regional mathematical associations, and to facilitate learning from the experience of existing or past mathematical associations, AMUCHMA proposes to publish a book on the history of national and regional mathematical associations in Africa * To stimulate youth in general, and girls in particular, to enter mathematical carreers, AMUCHMA proposes to publish two books with (auto)biographies of African mathematicians : the first book on those mathematicians who played a pioneering role in the history of their respective countries, and the second on female mathematicians. Proposals for contributions, and suggestions for the selection of associations and mathematicians to be included in these books, may be sent to the chairman or to the secretary of AMUCHMA. 3. MEETINGS, EXPOSITIONS, EVENTS

49. Adventures In CyberSound: Euclid theon of alexandria (4th century AD) brought out a new revision of the work withtextual changes and some additions; his version was the basis of all published http://www.acmi.net.au/AIC/EUCLID_BIO.html

A D V E N T U R E S in C Y B E R S O U N D Euclid (alt: Euklid, Eucleides) : 365 - 300 BC Euclid's The Optics is the earliest surviving work on geometrical optics, and is generally found in Greek manuscripts along with elementary works on spherical astronomy. There were a number of medieval Latin translations, which became of new importance in the fifteenth century for the theory of linear perspective. This technique is beautifully illustrated in the miniature of a street scene in this elegant manuscript from the library of the Duke of Urbino. It may once have been in the possession of Piero della Francesca, who wrote one of the principal treatises on perspective in painting. Source: The Vatican Library Euclid , Greek Eucleides (fl. c. 300 BC, Alexandria), the most prominent mathematician of Greco-Roman antiquity, best known for his treatise on geometry, the Elements Life and work Of Euclid's life it is known only that he taught at and founded a school at Alexandria in the time of Ptolemy I Soter , who reigned from 323 to 285/283 BC. Medieval translators and editors often confused him with the philosopher

50. ONE BOOK, 1393 YEARS - A History Of The Almagest Two important commentaries were by, Pappus (320) and theon of alexandria (360),these failed to improve on Ptolemy’s astronomy and served mainly to educate http://www.star-names.freeserve.co.uk/almagest.html

ONE BOOK, 1393 YEARS - A history of the Almagest 1.1 Introduction One book dominated astronomy for nearly one-thousand four-hundred years. This was the Almagest of Claudius Ptolemy. Why was just one book so influential and so dominant that it took so long to be surpassed? 1.2 Ptolemy Ptolemy lived in Egypt in the period when it was part of the Roman Empire. We know very little about him personally and the dates of his life (AD.100 to 178) are only approximate. He worked in the city of Alexandria. Alexandria is located on the northern (Mediterranean) coast of Egypt. It was a city renowned for learning and had a famous library and museum. Possibly, Ptolemy himself worked in one or other of these institutions. Ptolemy wrote in Greek, which was the scientific and philosophical language of his day. He is famous for writing many books on scientific subjects. These are: "Mathematical Syntaxis" (The Almagest) Astronomy "On the Apprations of the Fixed Stars and a Collection of Prognostics" Astronomy

51. The Thirteenth Floor HYPATIA (370415) The daughter of theon of alexandria, was born in about 370CE. She is the earliest woman scientist whose works have been documented. http://www.sonypictures.com/movies/13thfloor/basement/data/hypatia.htm

HYPATIA (370-415): The daughter of Theon of Alexandria, was born in about 370 CE. She is the earliest woman scientist whose works have been documented. As a young woman, she traveled to Athens and Italy. Upon her return to Alexandria, she became a philosopher and mathematician. She was appointed to expound the doctrines of Plato and Aristotle and was a noted lecturer on the subjects of mathematics, astronomy, philosophy, and mechanics. Most of her writings dealt with mathematics, especially algebra. Her most noted work, called Arithmetica, was a commentary on the writings of Diophantus. Hypatia also wrote an explanation of the geometry works of Apollonius of Perga, which was titled, On the Conics of Apollonius. Later in her career she worked with Theon and coauthored a work on Euclid's geometry which is titled Elements. In addition to her mathematical works, Hypatia also developed an apparatus for distilling water, an instrument for measuring the level of water, a plane astrolabe (for measuring the positions of the stars, planets, and sun) and a graduated brass hydrometer for determining the specific gravity of a liquid. Hypatia's philosophical beliefs were in conflict with the views of the Christian rulers of the city of Alexandria. When Cyril, a fanatical Christian, became Partiarch of Alexadria in 412 CE he began a persecution of scholars in the city. In 415 CE Hypatia was arrested, tortured and killed in the church called Caesarium.

52. The Cosmologic Timeline c. 330 Iamblichus dies. 390 - theon of alexandria makes a revision ofEuclid's Elements. c. 400 - The compiling and editing of the Talmuds. http://www.panikon.com/cosmo/timeline.html

THE COSMOLOGIC TIMELINE This timeline is distilled down from a more general timeline originally created for Phurba. It is meant to give a better idea of the linear history of the topics discussed in Cosmologic. Some dates given are simply there to give a better grasp of the timeperiods, comparatively. This document will be expanded and fleshed out heavily in time. I have cut the timeline back to 1000 ce as the endpoint, as we will be concentrating on the timeperiod of the first few centuries of the common era for quite some time. Items related to current discussion are rendered in bold print. c. 1948 bce - Abram (later Abraham) was born. c. 1400 bce - Moses was born. c. 624 bce - Thales of Miletus is born. c. 610 bce - Anaximander or Miletus is born. 586 bce - The conquest of Judah by Babylon. c. 587-538 bce - The Babylonian Captivity. c. 569 bce - Pythagoras of Samos is born. c. 547 bce - Thales of Miletus dies. c. 546 bce - Anaximander or Miletus dies. c. 535 bce - Pythagoras goes to Egypt. c. 475 bce - Pythagoras of Samos dies.

53. History Of Astronomy: Persons (T) Math.). theon of alexandria (c. 335 c. 395) Short biography andreferences (MacTutor Hist. Math.). Theon of Smyrna (c. 100 - c. 160 http://www.astro.uni-bonn.de/~pbrosche/persons/pers_t.html

History of Astronomy Persons History of Astronomy: Persons (T) Deutsche Fassung Tabari: see Ali Ibn Rabban al-Tabari (838-870) Biographical data and references Short biography and references (MacTutor Hist. Math.) Talbot, William Henry Fox (1800-1877) Short biography and references (MacTutor Hist. Math.) Short biography Very short biography Find more about Talbot with Alta Vista Find more about Talbot and astronomy with Alta Vista Tamm, Nils A. O. (1876-1957) Very short biographical data and links Tanaka, Haruo (b. 1922) Very short biography (Eric Weisstein's Treasure Trove) (26 Aug 1999: disappeared) Tannery, Paul (1843-1904) Short biography, references and links (MacTutor Hist. Math.) Recherches sur l'histoire de l'astronomie ancienne Online edition (scanned) Links (Geometry.Net) Tarde, Jean (1561/62-1636) Biographical data and references Tasso, Torquato (1544-1595) Between Padua, Bologna and Ferrara: Torquato Tasso student and professor , by Luigi Pepe Find more about Tasso with Alta Vista Tayler, Roger (1929-1997)

54. Sun, Moon, And Sothis: A Study Of Calendars And Calendar Reforms In Ancient Egyp 84 The Actual Startingpoint of the Alexandrian Calendar 84 theon of alexandria 85 Martín and Velikovsky 86. Chapter Six Sirius and the Sothic Period. http://www.kronos-press.com/sun-moon/

Sun, Moon, and Sothis A Study of Calendars and Calendar Reforms in Ancient Egypt by Lynn E. Rose Published 1999 by Kronos Press 226 Richmond C Deerfield Beach, FL 33442-2990 USA. Cost including postage: USA: $35 Canada: $40 World: $44 Hardcover 339pp. ISBN 0-917994-15-9 Other books in the series: Vol I: Let There Be Darkness The Reign Of The Swastika Vol III: Predicting The Past: An Exploration of Myth, Science, and Prehistory Other Website Society for Interdisciplinary Studies Science Frontiers Sun, Moon, and Sothis A Study of Calendars and Calendar Reforms in Ancient Egypt by Lynn E. Rose The Osiris Series Series Editor Dwardu Cardona Volume II The history, of calendars is far from cut-and-dried. Almost every topic that this book addresses has long been the subject of heated controversy. Rose sees Hellenistic and Roman Egypt as of unparalleled importance in the history of calendar development. Even the Julian calendar had its origins in Hellenistic Egypt. Very likely, the Julian calendar itself was Sothic that is, designed to follow the movements of the star Sothis (Sirius), and not just the annual motion of the Sun. Since the traditional Egyptian calendar of 365 days fell about one-fourth of a day short of the natural year, the ancients assumed that the heliacal rising of Sirius would move through the Egyptian calendar in 365 x 4 = 1460 Julian years (that is, one Sothic peniod). Egypt's Middle Kingdom has conventionally been dated to some 4000 years ago, largely on the basis of documents indicating a heliacal rising of Sirius on Pharmuthi 16 in Year 7 of Sesostris III (in -1871, according to Parker).

55. Theon_of_Smyrna Little is known of Theon of Smyrna's life. He was called 'the old Theon'by theon of alexandria and 'Theon the mathematician' by Ptolemy. http://homepages.compuserve.de/thweidenfeller/mathematiker/Theon_of_Smyrna.htm

Theon of Smyrna Born: about 70 Died: about 135 Little is known of Theon of Smyrna 's life. He was called 'the old Theon' by Theon of Alexandria and 'Theon the mathematician' by Ptolemy . The date of his birth is little better than a guess, but we do have some firm data about dates in his life. We know that he was making astronomical observations of Mercury and Venus between 127 and 132 since Ptolemy lists four observations which Theon made in 127, 129, 130 and 132. From these observations Theon made estimates of the greatest angular distance that Mercury and Venus can reach from the Sun. The style of his bust, dedicated by his son 'Theon the priest', gives us the date of his death to within 10 years and it is placed within the period 130-140 (hence our midpoint guess of 135). Theon's most important work is Expositio rerum mathematicarum ad legendum Platonem utilium. This work is a handbook for philosophy students to show how prime numbers , geometrical numbers such as squares, progressions, music and astronomy are interrelated. Its rather curious title means that it was intended as an introduction to a study of the works of Plato , but this is rather fanciful. As Huxley writes in [1]:-

56. 1 Timothy 6:6-19 The Love of Money, theon of alexandria, Progymnasmata Chreia 125126(etc). At Rutgers University, Mahlon H. Smith's Into His http://www.textweek.com/pauline/1tim6.htm

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57. Imago Mundi Vol.52 (2000) - Abstracts Other examples of this map have been found in a second context, among anonymousscholia to theon of alexandria's commentary on Ptolemy's Handy Tables http://www.ihrinfo.ac.uk/maps/52abstracts.html

WWW-Virtual Library: History Map History / History of Cartography: THE Gateway to the Subject HOME (main menu) JOURNALS menu IMAGO MUNDI menu INDEX complete SITEMAP What the site is ABOUT WHAT'S NEW Imago Mundi volume 52 (2000) English-language Abstracts of Main Articles 'An Astrologer's Map: A Relic of Late Antiquity' by Evelyn Edson and Emilie Savage-Smith A Greek map of the world, which includes a windrose, zones, places in and around Egypt, and hell, is studied in reference to its context: an anonymous astrological miscellany. Other examples of this map have been found in a second context, among anonymous scholia to Theon of Alexandria's commentary on Ptolemy's Handy Tables (Procheiroi kanones) , which were also of use to astrologers. The selection of Egyptian place-names found on the map provides some clue to its possible origin, while the omission of the Mediterranean as well as the port of Alexandria is significant. Evidence suggests that the original map (known today only through later copies) is of an earlier date than the texts surrounding it, and that it may be one of the earliest world maps preserved from Late Antiquity. 'Jesuit Cartographers in China: Francesco Brancati, S.J., and the Map (1661?) of Sungchiang Prefecture (Shanghai)' by Noël Golvers

58. Ptolemaeus, Claudius [Ptolemy]:, [Greek Title ...] Magnae Constructionis, Id Est The second volume which is lacking from our copy was reserved for the partiallyextant commentary by theon of alexandria who wrote in the fourth century AD. http://www.polybiblio.com/paralos/2278.html

Paralos Ltd. Ptolemaeus, Claudius [Ptolemy]: [Greek title ...] Magnae Constructionis, id est perfectae coelestium motuum pertractionis, lib. xiii. [...] Basiliae [Basel] apud Ioannem Valderum, 1538 Folio. Part one of two only. Editio princeps (the complete text of Ptolemy’s Almagest). pp. [xvi], 327, [i]. Greek text throughout, with numerous woodcut diagrams and tables. Latin dedication to King Henry VIII. Spotting and toning at intervals, mostly light (most noticeable on T3 and T4, which are also misnumbered by the printer); light waterstaining to the inner margin from p. 239. Contemporary limp vellum, some wear to the spine. Modern vellum-backed cloth case. Recent bookplate of Eleanor Sprague. Click here to see an image of this item. This item is listed on Bibliopoly by Paralos Ltd. ; click here for further details.

59. CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Jordanus De Nemore (Catholic Encyclopedia)Category Society Religion and Spirituality N...... was printed by Valderus, at Basle, in 1536, in a collection containing the cosmographicalworks of Ziegler, Proclus, Berosius, and theon of alexandria, and the http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10740b.htm

Home Encyclopedia Summa Fathers ... N > Jordanus (Jordanis) de Nemore A B C D ... Z Jordanus (Jordanis) de Nemore The name given in MSS. of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries to a mathematician who in the Renaissance period was called Jordanus Nemorarius. A number of his works are extant, but nothing is known of his life. It is customary to place him early in the thirteenth century. Emile Chasles, the geometrician, concluded from a study of the "Algorismus Jordani" that its author lived not later than the twelfth century. In the fourteenth century the English Dominican Nicolas Triveth, in a chronicle of his order, attributed the "De ponderibus Jordani" and the "De lineis datis Jordani" to Jordanus Saxo, who, in 1222, succeeded St. Dominic as master general of the Friars Preachers. Since then, the identity of Jordanus Saxo with Jordanus Nemorarius has been accepted by a great many authors; it seems difficult to maintain this opinion, however, as the Dominican superior general never adds de Nemore to his name, and the mathematician never calls himself Saxo. The literal translation of Jordanus de Nemore Roger Bacon quotes his "De ponderibus", as well as a commentary which had been written on it at that period. Thomas Bradwardine and the logicians who succeeded him in the school of Oxford likewise make a great deal of use of the writings of Jordanus. During the Renaissance his "De ponderibus" powerfully influenced the development of the science of statics.

60. Archimedes - Best Of Sicily Magazine the earth. Catoptrica dealt with, among other things, the refractionof light, and is quoted by theon of alexandria. On Sphere http://www.bestofsicily.com/mag/art77.htm

Best of Sicily presents... Best of Sicily Magazine. Dedicated to Sicilian art, culture, history, people, places and all things Sicilian. This site better viewed with JavaScript or Scripting activated. Archimedes by Vincenzo Salerno Magazine Index Best of Sicily Fashion About Us ... Map of Sicily Experimentation yielded "Archimedes' Principle" that a body immersed in fluid loses as much weight as the weight of the liquid it displaces. This is a fundamental principle of buoyancy. Using water displacement in this way, Archimedes demonstrated that Hieron's crown was not made of solid gold. Realising his discovery's validity but forgetting to dress before leaving the pool where he was experimenting, he ran down the streets of Syracuse naked shouting the now famous phrase "Eureka!" ("I've found it.") "Give me a place to stand and I'll move the Earth." Archimedes' boast became a fundamental principle of mechanics that states that a great weight can be moved by a small force using levers and other means. The water screw he devised for irrigation is still copied and used in parts of Egypt, and it was used in ancient and medieval Sicily as well.

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