41. Chinese Invention In China, shen kua, had already given the first accurate description of a magneticneedle and clearly mentioned the phenomenon of magnetic declination. http://chineseculture.about.com/cs/chineseinvention/

zfp=-1 About China Online Search in this topic on About on the Web in Products Web Hosting China Online with Jun Shan Your Guide to one of hundreds of sites Home Articles Forums ... Help zmhp('style="color:#fff"') Subjects ESSENTIALS Chinese Names China Photo Gallery Dictionary ... All articles on this topic Stay up-to-date! Subscribe to our newsletter. Advertising Free Credit Report Free Psychics Advertisement Chinese Invention Guide picks Resources of Chinese historical inventions, including paper, compass, Kite, etc. Chopsticks Chinese people have been using kuaizi as one of the main tableware for more than 3,000 years. Chinese Paper Invention Paper was invented by Cai Lun in 105 AD, which was one of the four great inventions by the Chinese. Who Invented It? When? Chinese Inventions Modern Chinese sometimes are surprised to realize that modern agriculture, shipping, astronomical observatories, decimal mathematics, paper money, umbrellas, wheelbarrows, multi-stage rockets, brandy and whiskey, the game of chess, and much more, all came from China. Compass Invention In China, Shen Kua, had already given the first accurate description of a magnetic needle and clearly mentioned the phenomenon of magnetic declination.

42. The Last Viking: Viking Press And Viking Ships to having advanced strategic weapons today. shen kua, in his DreamPool Essays of 1086, gives the following illuminating story http://www.spirasolaris.ca/sbb4g1av.html

PART I: VIKING PRESS AND VIKING SHIPS PLUNDERERS AND BLUNDERERS? Suddenly, it seemed, the northern seas were swarming with lean, low-hulled predators with snarling dragon figureheads, manned by men of reckless courage and invincible ferocity. Everywhere they went they plundered, burned and raped. Holy Church in particular was a target for their insensate violence, and ecclesiastical treasures looted from unsuspecting chapels and monasteries flowed back into Scandinavia in an unending stream: ' In a word, although there were an hundred hard steeled iron heads on one neck, and an hundred sharp, ready, never-rusting brazen tongues in every head, and an hundred garrulous, loud, unceasing voices from every tongue, they could not recount or narrate or enumerate or tell what all the people of Ireland suffered in common, both men and women, laymen and priests, old and young, noble and ignoble, of hardship and injury and oppression in every house from these ruthless, wrathful, foreign, purely pagan people.' It was the shrill and outraged gibbering of priests, like the writer of this passage from

43. III. EL MAGNETISMO HASTA EL AÑO 1800 Translate this page Un matemático chino, shen kua (1030-1090) fue el primero que escribió acerca deluso de una aguja magnética para indicar direcciones, que fue el antecedente http://lectura.ilce.edu.mx:3000/sites/ciencia/volumen3/ciencia3/112/htm/sec_5.ht

44. Young-Earth Creationism effectively causing the movement of continents over very long periods of time,and in the late 11th centgury, the Chinese scientist shen kua theorized that http://www.stardestroyer.net/Creationism/YoungEarth/Hartman-7.shtml

Introduction Conspiracy of Silence Radiometric Dating Unsolved Mysteries ... Conclusion Young-Earth Creationism Conclusion He finishes his argument with lies and hypocrisy. He proudly pats himself on the back for identifying all sorts of evidence which supposedly points to a young Earth (although as I've shown above, he's sadly mistaken), but he admits that it's silly to take the Bible so literally that you can assign precise time figures from life spans and generations. Naturally, it doesn't seem to occur to him that anything less than absolute 100% literal interpretation is merely an admission that the Bible is not the literal truth, in which case there's no reason to run around using it as evidence in a debate about scientific theories. I've carefully avoided mentioning the genealogical "proof" of the age of mankind, because counting "begats," as you put it, is not a very good method to determine passage of time. But it is very interesting that a lot of the scientific evidence points to a much younger earth than the evolutionists were (and still are) looking for, isn't it? Like all YECs, he starts with a pre-ordained conclusion and hunts for any data which seems to fit, while ignoring the question of mechanisms, thermodynamics, and the fact that the vast majority of the data

45. 1000_1099 1030 The city of Tartu in Estonia was founded. (Hem, 4/96, p.24). 10301093In China shen kua was an engineer and high official Chinese astronomer. http://timelines.ws/1000_1099.HTML

The Eleventh Century 1000-1099 AD Return to algis.com 1000 Jan 1, Stephen became the first king of Hungary. (SFEC, 8/8/99, p.T5) 1000 Oct 9, Leif Ericson discovered "Vinland." [see 1001] (MC, 10/9/01) 1000 AD Gunpowder was invented in China about this time. (V.D.-H.K.p.179) 1000 AD Scientists suspect that the sun was particularly bright for a period of time that is called the Medieval Optimum with global temperatures about 1 to 2 degrees higher than today. (NOHY, 3/90, p.127) c1000 The Sinagua Indians, in what is now Arizona, made granaries in the cliffs along the Verde River some 100 miles north of Phoenix. (SFEC, 9/28/97, p.T6) c1000 The Numic-speaking Shoshone Indians took part in a widespread migration out of the Cosos Mountains on the northwestern edge of the Mojave Desert about this time and populated a large portion of the western US. (PacDis, Summer '97, p.10) c1000 The Cahokia settlement in Southern Illinois numbered about 30,000. (SFC, 3/20/99, p.B4) c1000 The Mississippian transformation was marked by the rise of agriculture and the appearance of belligerent chiefdoms. The Calusa Indians of southern Florida avoided the Mississippian transformation and maintained their ancient lifeways based on fishing and collecting. (AM, 7/97, p.75)

46. Fotografía Estenopeica Translate this page una imagen en una pagoda. shen kua, más tarde, corrigió la explicaciónde la formación de la imagen. Yu Chao - Lung, En el sX http://teleline.terra.es/personal/chullora/estenope.htm

La mayoría de nosotros tendemos a pensar que este sistema óptico es imprescindible, y que sin él no se puede hacer fotografía. Pero esto no es cierto, hay un tipo de fotografía en el que no existe este sistema óptico, es la llamada "Fotografía estenopeica". Jon Grepstad, Historia (recogido de Jon Grepstad) Primeras observaciones y experiencias Renacimiento y Post-renacimiento. Leonardo Da Vinci (1452-1519) describe la formación de imágenes estenopeicas en su "Codex atlanticus". En él describe la formación de imágenes del sol a través de orificios practicados en las paredes de una iglesia. Giovanni Battista della Porta (1538-1615), un científico napolitano, ha sido considerado el inventor de la cámara oscura por su descripción de una cámara oscura estenopeica en la primera edición de su "Magia Naturalis" (1558). Su descripción ha sido muy conocida, pero el no fué de ningún modo el inventor. La estenopeica es aparéntemente un dibujo en "De Radio Astronomica et Geometrica"(1545), de Gemma Frisius. Gemma Frisius, un astrónomo, utilizó un estenopo en una habitación oscura para estudiar el eclipse solar de 1544. El término cámara oscura fué acuñado por Johannes Kepler (1571-1630). En ese momento el término indicaba una habitación o una tienda con un orificio y una lente usados por los artistas para dibujar paisajes. La lente permitía obtener una imagen más brillante y enfocarla a cierta distancia. Este tipo de cámara es distinto del usado por Frisius, que no tenía lente. En la década de 1620, Kepler inventó una cámara oscura portatil. Estas cámaras, utilizadas como ayuda al dibujo, se encontraron pronto en diversas formas y tamaños.

47. Newton's Apple Season 15: Wilderness Training Almost a thousand years ago, the Chinese writer shen kua first describedthe use of a magnetic compass in navigation. At the time http://www.reachoutmichigan.org/funexperiments/agesubject/lessons/newton/wildern

To Purchase NEWTON'S APPLE videos and other science stuff, call 1-800-588-NEWTON Begin the lesson by asking these questions: Do you like hiking in the woods? What equipment do you take on a camping trip? Most camping areas have at least some comforts, such as trash removal, trails, and rest rooms, but real wilderness has none of those things. How would you plan for wilderness travel, such as climbing a mountain? How much and what kinds of food would you take? How would you find shelter, build a fire, and stay warm? How would you navigate with no trails or constructed landmarks? How would you avoid falling on a steep slope? What specialized equipment would you need? In 1997, four teenagers from Oregon won the Outside Adventure Grant for their proposal to climb Mt. Sir Sanford, a remote peak in the Canadian Rockies. To get there, these wilderness enthusiasts had to kayak and hike to the base of the mountain and then climb up a glacier to the peak. The group's winning proposal included tracking and documenting the habits of an endangered species of caribou along the way. The grant outfitted them for their expedition. As these outdoor adventurers could tell you, alpine climbing and snow travel require particular skills and knowledge. Climbers must have good strength and endurance. They must work effectively in the thin air at high altitude.

48. Chinese And China Resources. China And Mathamatics China Includes information about Chung Ch'i, Yang Hui, shen kua, Ch'inChiu Shao, Zhang Heng, Hsien Chung Wang and Chu ShihChien. http://www.thegalleryofchina.com/chinesemath.html

The Gallery of China The Galleries Link to this page The Gallery of China First-time Visitor? - Visit our Homepage Chinese Mathematics Add your site Zhou Bi Suan Jing Chinese astronomy and mathematics in the first century A.D. was recorded in the zhou bi suan jing. Site contains an English translation and study. The book itself is also for sale Tsinghua University, Applied Mathematics Department Information about the department and courses, plus links. In Chinese and English History of Chinese Mathematics An outline of the history of Chinese mathematics, including a chronology of mathematicians and mathematical works The Chinese Academy of Sciences The official journal of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, including subscription information and instructions for authors. A comprehensive academic journal of natural sciences covering mathematics, physics and astronomy. In English Development of Mathematics in Ancient China Shang numerals, Chinese mathematics texts, the discovery of zero. The art of calculation (suan chu) was both a practical and spiritual one, and covered a wide range of subjects from religion and astronomy to water control and administration Chinese Committees and Societies of Mathematics Includes the National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Academia Sinica, Institute of Mathematics, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Department of Mathematics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan

49. William Gilbert (1544 - 1603) Translate this page O matemático e inventor shen kua (1030-93) refere-se ao uso do ímã como indicadorde direção, enquanto Chu Yu, em 1100, relata seu emprego na arte da http://br.geocities.com/saladefisica9/biografias/gilbert.htm

Biografias William Gilbert (Casa onde Gilbert viveu) O O www.saladefisica.cjb.net

50. Professor Nathan Sivin of Chinese science and medicine in translation, and a fulllength biography of the11th-century polymath and scientific and technological innovator shen kua. http://www.arts.unsw.edu.au/hps/sts_core_links/sts_new_stuff/sivin_new_sts.htm

The School of Science and Technology Studies The University of New South Wales and The Research Institute for the Humanities and Social Sciences Department of Chinese Studies, School of Asian Studies The University of Sydney VISIT BY Professor Nathan Sivin History and Sociology of Science, University of Pennsylvania THURSDAY, 12 NOVEMBER 1998 11 AM TO 1 PM: Open Seminar in Morven Brown, LG30, University of New South Wales. 4 TO 6PM: "Why Chinese Did Not Have Bodies", University of Sydney. Level 4, Woolley Building, Science Road, University of Sydney No two people experience the same physical structures and ensembles of processes that maintain individual human life and connections with the external world. The Chinese structures and ensembles differed greatly from European bodies in how physical, mental, and spiritual processes were interrelated, and how the whole articulated with the state and the cosmos. Professor Sivin will argue on the basis of collaborative work with Sir Geoffrey Lloyd that the imperial Chinese counterpart of the body was invented in specific historical circumstances, crucially different from those of contemporary Greece. Despite steady change, this microcosmic notion of the body shaped medical thought and practice for two thousand years. ALL ARE WELCOME TO ATTEND THESE SEMINARS Henry Chan Department of History University of Newcastle phone: 02 4291 5218 e-mail: hichan@cc.newcastle.edu.au

51. Geoffrey Nunberg - Timeline civil and canon law. c. 1050 The Chinese mathematician shen kua writesfirst description of movable type. 1086 William the Conqueror http://www-csli.stanford.edu/~nunberg/timeline.html

Timeline of the History of Information This is a pretty arbitrary list of landmarks in the history of information (whatever those might be), which I compiled for the Encyclopedia Britannica with the historian Daniel Brownstein. c. 20,000 B.C. Cave painting is widespread in Eurasia. 3500 B.C. Earliest use of clay bullae in Sumer, envelopes bearing marks that correspond to clay tokens inside; the precursor of the Sumerian writing system. 3100 B.C. Earliest cuneiform markings representing words in Sumer, first language-based writing system. c. 3000 B.C. In Egypt, the earliest instances of hieroglyphic writing appear on slabs of slate in chapels and tombs. The papyrus roll and clay tablet soon become the dominant surfaces of writing. c. 2800 B.C. Egyptians introduce lunar calendar of 365 days as a civil calendar. c. 2500 B.C. Ink is in use in both Egypt and China. c. 1800 B.C. Earliest known samples of Chinese writing, which originated well before this date. c. 1800 B.C. The Babylonians are using an early form of the abacus. c. 1500 B.C. Water clocks are used in Egypt.

52. Biography.com Shelley, Percy Bysshe, 1792 1822. Shelton, Ian, 1958 . Shem, shen kua, 1031 1095. Shenstone, William, 1714 1763. Shepard, Alan (Bartlett), Jr. 1923 1998. http://search.biography.com/bio_browse.pl?letter=S&num=700

53. SLIDE LIST ARTH 330 EAST ASIAN ART Li Ch’eng, Ch’ient’ang mountains, shen kua. TRAVELERS AMID MOUNTAINS ANDSTREAMS (COPY) (462), late Ming or early Qing period. Xie He, Qianlong dynasty. http://www.towson.edu/~kfugelso/SlideListEaAsSpr02.htm

SLIDE LIST ARTH 330 EAST ASIAN ART NEOLITHIC CHINA Qing, Ming, Yalu, Emperor Kuang-hsu, Minister K’ang Yu-wei, Hupei, Wuchang, Manchu, Peking Man (Sinanthropus pekinensis), J. Gunnar Andersson, Chou-k’ou-tien, Middle Pleistocene, Lan-t’ien county, Shensi, Paleolithic, Yang-shao-ts’un, Honan, Kansu, Late Chou, Corridor Steppes, Henan-Shanxi-Shaanxi, Yangshao, Banpo, Wei River, Xi’an, wattle and daub PAINTED BOWL (10) , ca 4000 BCE zoomorphic, cowrie shells GU BEAKER (11) , ca. 2000 BCE Weifang, Shandong, Longshan culture, Henan Province, Shang, Yangshao, Gansu, Zinghai, Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangzi, Guangdong province SOUTHERN PAINTED POT , 3rd-4th millenium BCE Ban Chieng DIVINATION BONE , 12th century BCE Liaoning, Manchuria, Shandong, Jiangsu CONG PRISM (12) , ca. 2000 BCE Liangzhu culture, Sidun, Wujin county, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Guangdong, nephrite, jadeite, Khotan, Nanyang, Honen, Hsu Shen, Shuo-wen Chieh-tzu , Confucius NEOLITHIC AMPHORA , 5th-4th millenium BCE Yangshao LI TRIPOD (13) , late Neolithic period Anyang, Henan

54. History Of Astronomy: Persons (S) shen kua (10311095) Short biography and references (MacTutor Hist.Math.); Very short biography. Shepard, Alan Bartlett, Jr. (b. 1923 http://www.astro.uni-bonn.de/~pbrosche/persons/pers_s.html

History of Astronomy Persons History of Astronomy: Persons (S) Deutsche Fassung Sabine, Edward, Sir (1788-1883 ) Very short biography Sabliere (18th century) Very short biographical data Sacrobosco: see Johannes de Sacrobosco (c.1195-1256) Sagan, Carl Edward Saha, Meghnad (1893-1956) Biography (24 Aug 1999: disappeared) Short biographical data and bibliography Very short biography Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics , Calcutta, India Saha Memorial Lectures , since 1957 Find more about Saha with Alta Vista Saint Vincent, Gregorius [Gregory of Saint Vincent] (1584-1667) Biographical data and references Salomonovich, Alexander (b. 1916) Very short biography (Eric Weisstein's Treasure Trove) Salpeter, Edwin Ernest (b. 1924) Short biography, photo, references, and links (Bruce medal.) Sandage, Allan Rex (b. 1926) Short biography, photo, references, and links (Bruce medal.) Very short biography (Eric Weisstein's Treasure Trove) Very short biography Portraits Sands, Benjamin F. (1812-1883) Short biography and references From the Catholic Encyclopedia, 1913

55. Web-Kindler : Index Nach Den Namen Der Verfasser Translate this page Renshi zhuan .. HSG N 15 411 shen kua .. s. SHENGua .. SHEN Tao .. s. SHEN Dao .. http://www.ude.de/wk/verfasser.html

W EB -K INDLER Werke chinesischer Literatur im "Kindler" Index nach den Namen der Verfasser Die Quellenangaben verweisen durch ein "K" auf das Kindlers Literaturlexikon oder durch ein "N" auf das Neues Kindler Literaturlexikon, danach folgt jeweils die Angabe des Bandes und die Spalten- bzw. Seitenzahl. Web-Kindler Verfasser Titel dt. Titel ... Albrecht Ude Berlin Version 5.1 www.ude.de/wk/verfasser.html Web-Kindler Verfasser Titel deutsche Titel ... Seitenanfang

56. The Invention Of Movable Type The Invention of Movable Type. By shen kua. As late as the Tang dynasty the productionof books by block printing was still practiced on a limited scale. http://www.silk-road.com/artl/movableprt.shtml

The Invention of Movable Type By Shen Kua As late as the Tang dynasty the production of books by block printing was still practiced on a limited scale. It was not until the time of the Late Tang (923-936) that the government, upon the recommendation of its prime minister Feng Tao, first sponsored the reproduction of the Five Classics by block printing. From then on practically all important books were produced by block printing. During the Ch'ing-li period (1041-1048) a commoner named Pi Sheng first invented the movable type. Each type was made of moistened clay upon which was carved one Chinese character. The portion that formed the character was as thin as the edge of a small coin. The type was then hardened by fire and thus made permanent. To proceed with the process of printing, a printer smeared an iron plate with a mixture of turpentine, resin, wax, and burned paper ash. Pieces of movable type were then placed on the plate closely together and were arranged in such a way as to reflect the text of a book to be printed. They were confined within the plate by an iron fence fastened tightly to the plate. The iron plate was then placed on a gentle fire in order to melt the mixture type so that the heads of all pieces would appear on the same level. The plate was then ready for printing.

57. Electricidad Magnetismo * Los Primeros Experimentos Reportados Translate this page 1000-1200 el matemático chino shen kua (1030-1090) escribió acerca de la primeraaplicación práctica del magnetismo una aguja para indicar direcciones http://ariel.igeofcu.unam.mx/~aida/SEMINARIO/NOTAS/electrom/

58. Multiculturalism In Science century. (Reiss, 1993) Another source recalls that an ancient Chinesescholar, shen kua had invented the compass circa AD 1070. (Barba http://educ.queensu.ca/~science/main/profdev/mcpdjd02.html

Multiculturalism in Science PHYSICS: Magnetism There are recordings of the use of compasses in China as early as 114 AD, and as early as 1086 on how they are made. The Chinese also knew that a piece of cooling iron can acquire a slight magnetism from the Earth's field provided the iron is oriented north-south as it cools (magnetic remanence) by the eleventh century. (Reiss, 1993) Another source recalls that an ancient Chinese scholar, Shen Kua had invented the compass circa A.D. 1070. (Barba et al, 1992) Grade 12 Physics, Electromagnetism Electric Light Bulb The light bulb as designed by Edison in 1879 only lasted a week. Lewis Howard Latimer an African-American scientist was born from parents who had recently escaped slavery. He invented a light bulb that would last for months and went on to become the Chief designer for the installation of electric lights in Canada. (Reiss, 1993) Grade 12 Physics, Electricity “The Real McCoy” This phrase comes from an African-American from Ontario, Elijah McCoy. His contributions to automotive lubrication systems were so successful that it gave rise to the phrase “the real McCoy”. By the time McCoy died in 1929 he held over 50 patents. (Reiss, 1993) Grade 12 or OAC Physics, Mechanics, discussion of friction “Newton's ? First Law”

59. CHRONOLOGY – Some Selected Dates In The Development Of Sundials And Solar Astro 1086, Chinese scientist shen kua’s Dream pool essays containsthe first known reference to a magnetic compass for navigation. http://www.sundialsoc.org.uk/glossary/chronology/chronology.htm

CHRONOLOGY – some selected dates in the development of sundials and solar astronomy Date Development 9000 BC to 8000 BC The Maya make astronomical inscriptions and constructions in Central America. A marked bone (possibly) indicating months and lunar phases in use in Ishango (Zaire) 4228 BC to 2773 BC The Egyptians institute a 365-day calendar. The start of the year, coinciding with the annual Nile floods, is linked to the rising of Sirius (the Dog Star) in line with the sun. 1500 BC to 1450 BC L-shaped sundials used in Egypt. 1450 BC to 1400 BC Stonehenge achieves the form known today. 600 BC to 590 BC Sundials are used in China and the Chinese text "Arithmetic classic of the gnomon and the circular paths of the heaven" contains a version of the Pythagorean theorem. 585 BC Thales of Miletus (Turkey) correctly predicts a solar eclipse. 520 BC to 510 BC Anaximander introduces the sundial to Greece (previously used in Mesopotamia, Egypt and China. He also produces a cylindrical (sic) model of the Earth. 500 BC to 490 BC The Pythagoreans (Greece) introduce a spherical model of the Earth.

60. Master Lins - PA-KUA Training Program Chang – Fixed step Wheel Palm 10) Ting Bu Pao Chang – Fixed step Embrace Palm11) Ting Bu Yu shen Pa kua Chang – Fixed Step Swim Body Pakua long Routine. http://masterlins.cfw2.com/page.asp?content_id=1092

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