41. Claude Shannon (1916 - ) claude shannon Click for full size. claude shannon (1916 2001) In 1936, graduatestudent claude shannon arrived at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. http://www.kerryr.net/pioneers/shannon.htm

People ASCII-HTML Binary Boolean ... Home Claude Shannon (1916 - 2001) In 1936, graduate student Claude Shannon arrived at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In the best tradition of grad. students, Shannon was short of money, and happy to be recruited by his professor, Vannevar Bush , to tend the unwieldy entrails of Bush's mechanical computing device - the Differential Analyser. The Differential Analyser, while a marvel of scientific engineering for its time, was a lot of hard work to maintain. Basically an assembly of shafts and gears, the gears themselves had to be manually configured to specific ratios before any problem could be ‘fed’ to the machine - a boring, laborious (and extremely messy) business. ("I had to kind of, you know, fix [it] from time to time to keep it going".) Encouraged by Bush to base his master's thesis on the logical operation of the Differential Analyser, Shannon inevitably considered ways of improving it, perhaps by using electrical circuits instead of the present cumbersome collection of mechanical parts. Not long afterwards, it dawned on Shannon that the

42. Encyclopædia Britannica Encyclopædia Britannica, shannon, claude Encyclopædia Britannica Article. MLAstyle shannon, claude. 2003 Encyclopædia Britannica Premium Service. http://www.britannica.com/eb/article?eu=137423

43. Encyclopædia Britannica shannon, claude Encyclopædia Britannica Article. MLA style shannon, claude. Encyclopædia Britannica 2003 Encyclopædia Britannica Premium Service. http://www.britannica.com/eb/article?eu=137423&tocid=0&query=markowsky&ct=

44. The Shannonizer: Notes On Computer-Generated Text claude shannon. My prediction Not surprisingly, perhaps, there's a fairamount of material about claude shannon in the Web. The shannon http://www.nightgarden.com/infosci.htm

Notes on Computer-Generated Text Contents of this page: Claude Shannon , the "father of information science" Word pairs as a tool for analyzing linguistic style But is that computer actually saying anything? , or, philosophical considerations on computer-generated text Claude Shannon My prediction (remember, you heard it here first) is that the name of Claude Elwood Shannon (1916- ) will be a household word 250 years from now. Historians of the future will hail Shannon as the father of the Information Age, much as we now see Newton as the author of the Scientific Revolution, some 250 years previously. Both Shannon and Newton created a solid mathematical foundation for the key technologies of their age (Shannon for information and communication theory, Newton for mechanical physics), thus turning them into true sciences and unleashing vast changes in knowledge, industry, and society. Shannon's master's thesis (MIT, 1937) investigated the use of electrical circuits to model logical statements. Shannon was one of the few people of his day familiar with both electrical engineering and the mathematical logic of Boolean algebra. He showed how electrical switches could be used to carry out calculations and detailed instructional procedures, thus foreshadowing the electronic computer. After MIT, Shannon joined Bell Telephones in 1941 as a research mathematician. In 1949, with the strong urging of his colleagues, he published

45. Bigchalk: HomeworkCentral: Shannon, Claude (Information Theory) Looking for the best facts and sites on shannon, claude? MIDDLE SCHOOL Communications Communication Theories Information Theory shannon, claude. http://www.bigchalk.com/cgi-bin/WebObjects/WOPortal.woa/Homework/Middle_School/E

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47. Shannon, Claude Elwood shannon, claude Elwood (1916). US mathematician who founded the scienceof information theory. He argued that entropy is equivalent http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/S/Shannon/1.html

Shannon, Claude Elwood US mathematician who founded the science of information theory. He argued that entropy is equivalent to a shortage of information content (a degree of uncertainty), and obtained a quantitative measure of the amount of information in a given message. Shannon reduced the notion of information to a series of yes/no choices, which could be presented by a binary code. Each choice, or piece of information, he called a 'bit'. In this way, complex information could be organized according to strict mathematical principles. He also wrote the first effective program for a chess-playing computer. His book The Mathematical Theory of Communication 1949 was written with W Weaver (1894-1978). Shannon was born in Gaylord, Michigan, and studied at the University of Michigan and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). From 1941 he worked at the Bell Telephone Laboratories, but he also held academic positions at MIT from 1956, and in 1958 he left Bell to become professor of science. As early as 1938 Shannon began examining the question of a mathematical approach to language. His methods, although devised in the context of engineering and technology, were soon seen to have applications not only to computer design but to virtually every subject in which language was important, such as linguistics, psychology, cryptography, and phonetics; further applications were possible in any area where the transmission of information in any form was important.

48. Shannon Statue Dedications Statues of of claude shannon in Gaylord, Michigan and at the UniversityofMichigan. /head body text= bgcolor=. To Learn About claude shannon. http://www.eecs.umich.edu/shannonstatue/

Shannon Statue Dedications With initial sponsorship of the IEEE Information Theory Society, six statues of Claude Shannon by Eugene Daub have been dedicated at various sites throughout the United States. Gaylord, Michigan Lucent Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ ATT Shannon Labs, Florham Park, NJ MIT, Cambridge, MA UCSD, San Diego, CA University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI Shannon Statue Dedicated at the University of Michigan Friday, November 9, 2001 At noon on a beautiful day in early November, approximately two hundred members of the University of Michigan Community attended the dedication of a Eugene Daub statue of Claude Elwood Shannon at the west entrance to the EECS Building on the North Campus of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Michigan. Claude E. Shannon was a University of Michigan graduate BSE EE '36, BSE Math '36. His legendary 1948 paper, "The Mathematical Theory of Communication" unveiled the vast potential for digital communications and inspired virtually all of the work in digital communications that followed. He is also famous for his work on cryptography, the sampling theorem, and the discovery of the relevance of Boolean algebra to logic circuit design. He is considered to be one of the people most responsible for ushering in the digital age. To learn more about Shannon and his work, consider these

49. PHONE-SOFT INTERNET-VERZEICHNIS DEUTSCHLAND:SHANNON, CLAUDE claude shannon; http://www.phone-soft.de/cyber-world/o7367d.htm

TOP-LINK UP-LINK DISCUSSION SEARCH ... HELP SHANNON, CLAUDE www.neuverlieben.com - Lerne Deinen Traumpartner kennen Axel Roch: Zur Bewertung von Claude Shannon Beats Biblionetz - Personen: Claude Shannon Claude E. Shannon gestorben - Artikel Claude Shannon / Personen / Panoptikum / Peter Schenk Claude Shannon, der Vater der Bits, ist 84-jährig gestorben (welt.de) mikro.lounge #18: Claude Shannon - der Erfinder des Bit GLEICHE KATEGORIE: ÖSTERREICH INTERNATIONAL

50. A PERSONAL OBITUARY FOR CLAUDE SHANNON A PERSONAL TRIBUTE TO claude shannon Note excerpts of this tribute appeared in theMay/June 2001 issue of 'Juggle' magazine. claude Elwood shannon 19162001. http://www2.bc.edu/~lewbel/Shannon.html

A PERSONAL TRIBUTE TO CLAUDE SHANNON Note: excerpts of this tribute appeared in the May/June 2001 issue of 'Juggle' magazine. Reprinted by permission. By Professor Arthur Lewbel ( home page March, 2001. Here are some photos of Claude's juggling machines Here is a rare movie of Claude demonstrating his two most famous juggling machines (from the 1985 Canadian Broadcasting Company program, "The Nature of Things." quicktime movie Claude Elwood Shannon 1916-2001. Survived by his wife Mary Elizabeth (Betty) Shannon, a son, Andrew Shannon, and a daughter, Margarita "Peggy" Shannon. Many Jugglers have heard about the juggling robot invented by Claude Shannon, and jugglers of a mathematical bent will know of Shannon's juggling theorem. However, among mathematicians and computer scientists, Claude Shannon is a legend, widely recognized as one of the most brilliant men of the twentieth century. It is impossible to overstate his importance in the early development of computers and digital communication. In 1990, Scientific American called his paper on information theory, "The Magna Carta of the Information Age." In the 1980's Claude quietly showed up at a computer science lecture (after having been away from the field for many years). One attendee said, "It was as if Isaac Newton had showed up at a physics conference." When people realized who he was they pushed him on stage. He gave a very short speech, then juggled a bit. Afterwards, attendees lined up to get his autograph.

51. PHONE-SOFT INTERNET-VERZEICHNIS ÖSTERREICH:SHANNON, CLAUDE Translate this page TOP-LINK, UP-LINK, DISCUSSION, SEARCH, INDEX, HELP. shannon, claude. WLW Produkt-Suche.ÖGIG - claude Elwood shannon GLEICHE KATEGORIE DEUTSCHLAND INTERNATIONAL. http://www.phone-soft.at/cyber-world/o7367.htm

TOP-LINK UP-LINK DISCUSSION SEARCH ... HELP SHANNON, CLAUDE www.neuverlieben.com - Lerne Deinen Traumpartner kennen ÖGIG - Claude Elwood Shannon GLEICHE KATEGORIE: DEUTSCHLAND INTERNATIONAL

52. Claude Shannon shannon, claude. Mathématicien américain, il est l'auteuravec Weaver de La Théorie Mathématique de la Communication . http://vincent.mabillot.free.fr/interactivite/encyclo/acteurs-oeuvres/shannon.ht

53. Shannon, Claude encyclopediaEncyclopedia shannon, claude. shannon, claude, 1916–2001,American applied mathematician, b. Gaylord, Michigan. A student http://print.factmonster.com/ce6/people/A0844697.html

document.write('Print Now!'); this page was printed from Factmonster.com www.factmonster.com/ce6/people/A0844697.html Encyclopedia Shannon, Claude Shannon, Claude, information theory with The Mathematical Theory of Communications (1949, with Warren Weaver). Shankar, Ravi Shannon

54. Scientific American: Claude E. Shannon: Founder Of Information Theory Image GRAHAM P. COLLINS AS WELL AS DISCOVERING the importance of bits, ClaudeShannon was infamous for roaming the halls juggling on a unicycle. http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?articleID=000745C4-9E66-1DA5-815A809EC5880000

55. Beats Biblionetz - Personen: Claude Shannon Translate this page Y Z, claude shannon. Geboren 04/04/1916 Gestorben 23/02/2001 ZumSeitenanfang Bücher von claude shannon. Mathematical Theory http://beat.doebe.li/bibliothek/p00056.html

Beats Biblionetz: Personen Home Themen Personen Texte ... Changes lokal Alle Meistvernetzte Meistgesuchte Mit eigener Seite ... Z Claude Shannon Geboren: 04/04/1916 Gestorben: 23/02/2001 Mathematical Theory of Communication (Claude Shannon, Warren Weaver) (1948) Claude Shannon wird erwähnt in: Was ist Informatik-Didaktik? (Jürg Nievergelt) (1993) Informationssysteme und Datenbanken Leben mit Information Carl August Zehnder Menschliche Kommunikation ... Die begrifflichen Grundlagen (Janet H. Beavin, Don D. Jackson, Paul Watzlawick Informationstheorie (1973) (F. Topsoe) Die Macht der Computer und die Ohnmacht der Vernunft Künstliche Intelligenz Joseph Weizenbaum Neuland des Denkens Systeme ( Frederic Vester Der Diskurs des radikalen Konstruktivismus Kognition - Semantik - Kommunikation (Wolfram K. Köck) Gedächtnis Die Konstitution von Bedeutung im Gehirn Gerhard Roth Revolution des Lernens ... Denk- und Kommunikationsstrukturen (Ulrike Erb, Thomas Herrmann) Radikaler Konstruktivismus Die Verbindungen zur Kybernetik Ernst von Glasersfeld Lebensnetz ... Heinz von Foerster , Bernhard Pörksen) Management Heinz von Foerster , Bernhard Pörksen) Kommunikation Heinz von Foerster , Bernhard Pörksen) Understanding Intelligence (1999) (Rolf Pfeifer, Christian Scheier)

56. Shannon's Communication Theory A brief description.Category Science Math Applications Communication Theory......claude shannon (1916 ). and. Communication Theory. In the late 1940sclaude shannon, a research mathematician at Bell Telephone Laboratories http://www.exploratorium.edu/complexity/CompLexicon/Shannon.html

Claude Shannon (1916- ) and Communication Theory In the late 1940s Claude Shannon, a research mathematician at Bell Telephone Laboratories, invented a mathematical theory of communication that gave the first systematic framework in which to optimally design telephone systems. The main questions motivating this were how to design telephone systems to carry the maximum amount of information and how to correct for distortions on the lines. His ground-breaking approach introduced a simple abstraction of human communication, called the channel. Shannon's communication channel consisted of a sender (a source of information), a transmission medium (with noise and distortion), and a receiver (whose goal is to reconstruct the sender's messages). In order to quantitatively analyze transmission through the channel he also introduced a measure of the amount of information in a message. To Shannon the amount of information is a measure of surprise and is closely related to the chance of one of several messages being transmitted. For Shannon a message is very informative if the chance of its occurrence is small. If, in contrast, a message is very predictable, then it has a small amount of information-one is not surprised to receive it. To complete his quantiative analysis of the communication channel, Shannon introduced the entropy rate, a quantity that measured a source's information production rate and also a measure of the information carrying capacity, called the communication channel capacity.

57. Claude Shannon Translate this page claude shannon. El matemático claude shannon murió el Sábado 22 de Febrero,a los 84 años de edad, luego de una larga lucha contra el mal de Alzheimer. http://dimmat.fundacite.arg.gov.ve/devangsp2001-03.htm

El Angulo de Devlin Marzo de 2001 Claude Shannon El matemático Claude Shannon murió el Sábado 22 de Febrero, a los 84 años de edad, luego de una larga lucha contra el mal de Alzheimer. Pero su legado intelectual perdurará mientras la gente se comunique usando el teléfono y el fax, la Internet, o simplemente hablando de "información" como un recurso que puede ser medido en "bits" y enviado de lugar en lugar. Sigue aún vigente el enfoque de la información y la comunicación que Shannon estableció en su revolucionario trabajo "A Mathematical Theory of Communication" (Una Teoría Matemática de la Comunicación) publicado en el Bell System Technical Journal (Revista Técnica de los Sistemas Bell) en 1948, y vuelto a publicar virtualmente exacto en el panfleto "The Mathematical Theory of Communication" (La Teoría Matemática de la Comunicación), que escribió junto a Warren Weaver el año siguiente (publicado por la Universidad de Illinois). (Observe el cambio de artículo -"La" por "Una"- de la versión Shannon-Weaver). Shannon nació en Michigan en 1916. Luego de obtener títulos en Matemáticas e Ingeniería en la Universidad de Michigan, ingreso al MIT (Massachussets Institute of Technology) para continuar estudios de postgrado en Matemáticas. Aqui hizo contacto con muchos de los hombres que estaban creando las bases para revolución de la información que explotaría a finales de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, en especial, con el matemático Norbert Wiener (quien más adelante acuñaría el término "cibernética" para parte del trabajo que el mismo, Shannon y otros en el MIT y otras partes), y Vannevar Bush, el decano de Ingeniería en el MIT (cuya máquina conceptual "Memex" prefiguró la moderna World Wide Web y entre cuyos logros subsecuentes se incluye el establecimiento de la "National Science Fundation" -Fundación Nacional de la Ciencia-).

58. Claude E. Shannon, 1916-2001 claude E. shannon, 19162001. Posted 26 Feb 2001 by schoen (Master)According to Dave Farber, claude shannon is dead. Readers of http://www.advogato.org/article/251.html

Claude E. Shannon, 1916-2001 Posted 26 Feb 2001 by schoen (Master) According to Dave Farber, Claude Shannon is dead Readers of my diary will remember that I remarked over the weekend that Dr. Shannon was still alive which may have been true at the time. Shannon was one of the greatest scientists of this century and was particularly responsible for our modern concepts of Boolean algebra for logic synthesis, bits, bandwidth, information, signal and noise, and error detection and correction (as well as important work in cryptography). He is the single most important pioneer of modern communications theory. He was an avid juggler and wrote a paper on the mathematical theory of juggling which is still read by modern juggling researchers. Everyone who designs a logic circuit or uses telecommunications owes something to Shannon. Some people also believe that Shannon's information theory has a very deep relevance to physics; a lot of current studies of thermodynamics focus on the relation between Shannon entropy and thermodynamic entropy. The lab in New Jersey which does research in information theory is called the Shannon Lab in his honor.

59. Times Online Similar pages claude shannonclaude shannon (1916 ). TABLE OF CONTENTS. Claim to Fame claude shannon is anapplied mathematician who is considered the father of Information Theory. http://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/0,,60-97442,00.html

NI_AD('Top'); Archive Classified Shopping Promotions ... My Times Site specials Sport Your Money Crossword Law Travel University Guide Times E-mail Golden Jubilee Rich List Foot-and-mouth Search this site TRAVEL Destinations 2003 100 great holidays Hidden Europe Wildlife ... Overseas property TIMES ONLINE Home Breaking news Iraq Britain ... Sunday Times NEWSPAPER Today Monday Tuesday Wednesday ... Saturday QUICK CLICKS Appointments Arts Books Contact Us ... Weekend SPECIAL REPORTS Working Parents Investor's Centre NI_AD('BottomLeft'); Travel August 18, 2001 Steve Keenan IF you are reading this while on your way to Gatwick, or any other holiday airport, good luck, particularly at about 9.30am. There will be more holidaymakers flying off for summer this morning than at any other time of the year, so checking-in could be slower than breakfast service in tourist class on the Trans-Siberian Express (tea in Omsk, toast by Tomsk, as you asked). It is the week that tour operators and airport owners earn their biggest profits — and the various consumer bodies receive their biggest postbag of complaints. Lost bags and flight delays lead the way and, as we report on page 4, it isn’t getting any better. So it is perhaps not so surprising that friends, colleagues and the vaguest acquaintances of the Times Travel desk, of which there are many at this time of the year, have been more eclectic and adventurous in their requests for inside travel tips and information.

60. Natural Theology > Synopsis > 28 Claude Shannon to restore theology to the mainstream of science. claude shannon.(19162001). shannon founded the mathematical theory which underlies http://www.naturaltheology.net/Synopsis/s28Shannon.html

Synopsis page 28: Site Map Directory Search this site Home ... Synopsis Next: page 29: Quantum information theory Previous: page 27: Alan Turing Development toc Essays toc History toc ... Supplementary toc ... to restore theology to the mainstream of science Claude Shannon Shannon founded the mathematical theory which underlies the current revolution in communication. He first defined information, and then showed how to transmit information fautlessly over a noisy channel by suitable encoding. The requirements for a good code have guided the search for codes ever since, and we can see that communication in the natural world is governed by the same model. Information is defined as 'that which removes uncertainty'. The measure of an item of information is the amount of uncertainty it removes. Shannon chose entropy as his measure of uncertainty. Entropy had entered physics through the thermodynamics of heat engines. In thermodynamics it serves as a measure of disorder, complexity, or the quality of energy. The second law of thermodynamics tells us that entropy does not decrease. The mathematical expression of entropy goes beyond its physical origins. We now see it as a measure of the size of a space. The information necessary to specify a point in any space is equal to the entropy of the space. So, if we think of the english language as a space of, say, one million words, we may say that the entropy of english is one million per word, and the transmision of one english word conveys one million units of information.

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