41. © 1998-2001 Sommerfeld-Projekt. Ausgelesen Am 24. Januar 2001 Translate this page Arnold Sommerfeld an karl schwarzschild, 28. Dezember 1915 Archiv Göttingen,NSUB (schwarzschild 743) In Band 1 der Sommerfeldedition enthalten. http://www.lrz-muenchen.de/~Sommerfeld/KurzFass/00167.html

Arnold Sommerfeld an Karl Schwarzschild, 28. Dezember 1915 Archiv: (Schwarzschild 743) In Band 1 der Sommerfeldedition enthalten. Weitere Informationen Start Biographie Projekt ... Online-Suche

42. © 1998-2002 Sommerfeld-Projekt. Ausgelesen Am 29. Dezember 2002 Translate this page Arnold Sommerfeld an karl schwarzschild, 9. März 1916 Archiv Göttingen,NSUB (schwarzschild 743) In Band 1 der Sommerfeldedition enthalten. http://www.lrz-muenchen.de/~Sommerfeld/KurzFass/00172.html

Arnold Sommerfeld an Karl Schwarzschild, Archiv: (Schwarzschild 743) In Band 1 der Sommerfeldedition enthalten. Weitere Informationen Start Biographie Projekt ... Online-Suche

43. Karl Schwarzschild Födelseland Tyskland Födelseår 1873 Död år 1916 karl schwarzschild.karl schwarzschild var en tysk astrofysiker som föddes år 1873. http://w1.371.telia.com/~u37103753/Scientists/Schwarzschild.html

Födelseland: Tyskland Födelseår: 1873 Död år: 1916 Karl Schwarzschild var en tysk astrofysiker som föddes år 1873. Han var professor i astronomi och chef för observatoriet i Göttingen från år 1901 samt chef för astrofysikaliska observatoriet i Potsdam från och med år 1909. Han utförde omfattande fotometriska undersökningar, studerade stjärnornas rörelser och utförde grundläggande arbeten inom optiken och den teoretiska astrofysiken. Hans helt klart största prestation var upptäckten av den numera s k schwarzschildlösningen till Einsteins fältekvationer som beskriver rumtiden vid ett svart hål i det statiska fallet. Schwarzschild var den förste som lyckades lösa Einsteins fältekvationer explicit och upptäckte lösningen till dessa ekvationer som beskriver det statiska isotropiska gravitationsfältet för en punktmassa, ett resultat som publicerades den 16 januari år 1916. Den 24 februari samma år så publicerades ytterligare en artikel som denna gång beskrev lösningen till en punktmassa i ett gravitationsfält hos en icke komprimerbar vätskesfär. Eftersom Schwarzschild var på östra fronten i Första Världskriget när han skrev de två artiklarna i vilka Schwarzschilds metrik och begreppet schwarzschildradie definierades för första gången så var det Einstein som presenterade dessa artiklar inför den Preussiska Akademien. Schwarzschild dog mindre än ett halvår efter dessa upptäckter efter en kort tids sjukdom den 11 maj år 1916.

44. Kosmologika - Vetenskapsmännen Sandage, Allan Rex (1926 ) Schrödinger, Erwin (1887-1961) Schwartz, Laurent (1915-) Schwarz, John (?- ) schwarzschild, karl (1873-1916) Schwinger, Julian http://w1.371.telia.com/~u37103753/Scientists/

På Kosmologikas sidor återfinns på många ställen länkar till kortare biografier över olika vetenskapsmän som har deltagit i utvecklandet av dessa spännande teorier. På denna sida finns länkar till alla dessa biografier samlade på ett enda ställe. Personerna är dels listade i både bokstavs- och födelsedagsordning men även efter nobelprisår (för de personer som har fått nobelpriset) samt i betydelsefullhetsordning för vetenskapen. Dessutom har jag nyligen lagt till Brucemedaljörer som är den högsta utmärkelsen inom astronomin, nobelpriset undantaget, samt Fields medalj som är matematikens nobelpris och som dessutom bara delas ut en gång vart fjärde år samt slutligen wolfpriset som är ett israeliskt pris som rankas steget under Nobelpriset men som ofta är åtminstone ett decennium snabbare med utnämningarna. Alfabetisk ordning Ahlfors, Lars (1907- ) Alembert, Jean le Ronde d' (1717-1783) Alfvén, Hannes Olof Gösta (1908-1995) Alpher, Ralph A. (1921- ) ... Zwicky, Fritz (1898-1974) Födelsedagsordning Fermat, Pierre de (1601-1665)

45. Gaster's AstroSWAMP - Karl Schwarzschild Spät k velikánom astronómie Spät k lekciám Spät na hlavnústránku Tlac karl schwarzschild. 9.10.1873 11.5.1916. Nemecký http://proton.science.upjs.sk/~gaster/schwarz.htm

Spä» k velikánom astronómie Spä» k lekciám Spä» na hlavnú stránku Tlaè Karl Schwarzschild Nemecký astronóm a fyzik, rodák z Frankfurtu nad Mohanom, zomrel v Postdame. zoberal sa hlavne teóriou prenosu ¾iarenia, vlastnými pohybmi hviezd, stelárnou ¹tatistikou a teóriou relativity. Vypracoval fotografickú metódu merania jasnosti hviezd. ©tudoval v Strassburgu a v Mníchove, neskôr sa stal profesorom v Gottingene. Roku 1900 predniesol svoju my¹lienku, ¾e priestor, ktorý nás obklopuje nie je tak úplne euklidovnsý, ako sme si mylsleli a vyslovil prvé tvrdenia o zakriveniach priestoru. Neskôr sa pustil do ¹túdia prenosu energie v hviezdach. Neskôr vstúpil do armády. Po skonèení slu¾by sa zaoberal Einsteinovou teóriou relativity a Planckovou kvantovou teóriou, spojením ktorých vytvoril prvé modely správania sa hmoty v prítomnosti veµmi hmotných telies, èím vytvoril prvý model èiernej diery, keï predpovedal existenciu telesa, z povrchu ktorého by úniková rýchlos» presiahla rýchlos» svetla. Schwarzschildov polomer: gravitaèný polomer, kritický polomer telesa, pri ktorom sa teleso o istej hmotnosti u¾ stáva èiernou dierou. Z oblasti pod týmto polomerom u¾ nemô¾e uniknú» niè, ani svetlo Pre vzdialeného pozorovateµa je tento polomer toto¾ný s horizontom udalostí èiernej diery.

46. AG2002 The Cosmic Circuit Of Matter - Special Talks Translate this page (Biographical data) for his outstanding contributions to astrophysicsby awarding to him the karl-schwarzschild-Medal for the year 2002. http://astro.physik.tu-berlin.de/AG2002/?t=special

47. AG2002 The Cosmic Circuit Of Matter - Announcement Translate this page karl-schwarzschild-Medaille der Astronomischen Gesellschaft an ProfessorCharles H. Townes, Berkeley, USA, wird den Höhepunkt der feierlichen http://astro.physik.tu-berlin.de/AG2002/?t=announcement

48. Www.cs.wisc.edu/~vganti/bibliography/3d.2/affils2.3dclusters.clusters ClusMetric distortion 60228 1 5 Max-Planck-Institut fur Astrophysik, karl-schwarzschild-Strasse1, 85740 Garching bei Munchen, Germany 3 Max-Planck-Institut http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~vganti/bibliography/3d.2/affils2.3dclusters.clusters

49. Www.cs.wisc.edu/~vganti/bibliography/3d/unnecessary/affils3.clusters of Germany 1 MaxPlanck Institut fuer Radioastronomie, Bonn, Federal Republic ofGermany 16 Max-Planck-Institut fur Astrophysik, karl-schwarzschild-Strasse 1 http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~vganti/bibliography/3d/unnecessary/affils3.clusters

50. Maps Of The IAU/MPC Observatory Karl Schwarzschild Observatory, Tautenburg With Maps of the IAU/MPC observatory karl schwarzschild Observatory, Tautenburgwith the code 033. Below you will find the maps of the http://www.jostjahn.de/code/CODE-033.HTM

Maps of the IAU/MPC observatory Karl Schwarzschild Observatory, Tautenburg with the code 033 Below you will find the maps of the observatory at Karl Schwarzschild Observatory, Tautenburg with the code 033. Please take note, that the first map is the most precise and the last map the map with the most overview. Sometimes one or two maps are clear. The reason is at MapBlast, because no data for the scale are present. The map service itself is presented by MapBlast Street 1:5.000 map of Karl Schwarzschild Observatory, Tautenburg Brought to you by MapBlast! (Click on map to navigate) Village 1:20.000 map of Karl Schwarzschild Observatory, Tautenburg Brought to you by MapBlast! (Click on map to navigate) City 1:100.000 map of Karl Schwarzschild Observatory, Tautenburg Brought to you by MapBlast! (Click on map to navigate) County 1:300.000 map of Karl Schwarzschild Observatory, Tautenburg Brought to you by MapBlast! (Click on map to navigate) District 1:1.000.000 map of Karl Schwarzschild Observatory, Tautenburg Brought to you by MapBlast!

51. Biography.com Schwarzkopf, (Olga Maria) Elisabeth (Friederike), 1915 . Schwarzkopf, H. Norman,1934 . schwarzschild, karl, 1873 1916. schwarzschild, Martin, 1912 . http://search.biography.com/bio_browse.pl?letter=S&num=400

52. The Bruce Medalists: Martin Schwarzschild 31 May 1912, 1965 Bruce Medalist, 10 April 1997. Martin schwarzschild, the sonof German astrophysicist karl schwarzschild, earned his Ph.D. at Göttingen. http://www.phys-astro.sonoma.edu/BruceMedalists/Schwarzschild/Schwarzschild.html

The Bruce Medalists Photo1965, Princeton University, courtesy Prof. Schwarzchild Martin Schwarzschild 31 May 1912 1965 Bruce Medalist 10 April 1997 Martin Schwarzschild, the son of German astrophysicist Karl Schwarzschild , earned his Ph.D. at . He left Germany in 1936, researched and taught at Oslo, Harvard , and Columbia , and, after serving in the U.S. Army in World War II, joined the faculty of Princeton University in 1947. His work on stellar structure and evolution Structure and Evolution of the Stars, first Stratoscope produced high resolution images of solar granules and sunspots, confirming the existence of convection in the solar atmosphere, and the second obtained infrared spectra of planets, red giant stars, and the nuclei of galaxies. In his later years he made significant contributions toward understanding the dynamics of elliptical galaxies. Schwarzschild was renowned as a teacher and held major leadership positions in several scientific societies. Presentation of Bruce medal Henyey, L.J., PASP Other awards American Association for the Advancement of Science

53. Martin Schwarzschild Bibliography schwarzschild, Martin, “Die Theorien des inneren Aufbaus der Sterne,”Mitteilungen der AG 12, 15 (1959) karl schwarzschild Lecture. http://www.phys-astro.sonoma.edu/BruceMedalists/Schwarzschild/SchwarzschildRefs.

Martin Schwarzschild Bibliography Papers, etc. Papers are at Princeton University . There are oral history interviews with Schwarzschild at the AIP Center for the History of Physics. There is an oral history interview dealing with his contributions to computing at the Charles Babbage Institute at the University of Minnesota. Other References: Historical Vistas in Astronomy Cowling, Thomas QJRAS Hufbauer, Karl, Exploring the Sun: Solar Science since Galileo (Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, Baltimore, 1991). Galaxy Dynamics: A Rutgers Symposium (ASP conf series, v. 182), 1999, p. 3-10. Wali, Kameshwar C., Chandra (Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1990) Search ADS for works about Schwarzschild Other References:Scientific d Ap.J. Ap.J. Ap.J. Astronomical Journal ... Ap.J. Schwarzschild, M., L. Spitzer, Jr. Ap.J. Ap.J. Sandage, A.R. ... Astronomical Journal Schwarzschild, Martin, Structure and Evolution of the Stars (Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, NJ, 1958; Dover, 1965) Astronomical Journal Ap.J. Astronomical Journal Mitteilungen der AG , 15 (1959) [Karl Schwarzschild Lecture].

54. Schwarzschild Translate this page karl schwarzschild Nació el 9 de octubre de 1873 en Frankfurt del Maine,el mayor de seis niños en una familia de ascendencia judía. http://www.chasque.net/parzaraz/schwarzschild.htm

Karl Schwarzschild ecuaciones del campo singularidad Horizonte de Eventos en su reloj agujeros negros supernova.

55. Participants Piero Benvenuti, STECF, karl-schwarzschild-Str. Guido De Marchi, EuropeanSouthern Observatory, Science Office, karl-schwarzschild-Str. http://www.stecf.org/instruments/nicmos/sardinia/node3.html

Next: VLT Status and Instruments Up: Front Cover Previous: Conference Pictures Participants Alessandra Aloisi , Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna, Via Zamboni 33, I-40126 Bologna, Italy (aloisi@astbo3.bo.astro.it) Almudena Alonso-Herrero , University of Arizona, Steward Observatory, 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA (aalonso@as.arizona.edu) Eric Becklin , University of California at Los Angeles, Astronomy and Astrophysics; Dept. of Physics, 405 Hilgard Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90095-1547, USA (becklin@sofia.astro.ucla.edu) Piero Benvenuti , ST-ECF, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany (pbenvenu@eso.org) Peter Bizenberger John Black , Onsala Space Observatory, S-439 92 Onsala, Sweden (jblack@oso.chalmers.se) Andrew Bunker , University of California at Berkeley, Department of Astronomy, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720-3411, USA (bunker@bigz.berkeley.edu) Howard Bushouse , Space Telescope Science Institute, Science Software Group, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA (bushouse@stsci.edu) Luis Colina , Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA (colina@stsci.edu)

56. Jhproject singularities from forming in our Universe. schwarzschild, karl (18761916).German astrophysicist; discovered the geometry of a http://www.physics.sfsu.edu/~lwilliam/sota/worms/Scientists.htm

S CIENTISTS Home Time Stars Black Holes ... Sources I've decided to list some of the most important scientists who worked on the topics I discuss on this web site. So please take your time to read at least those few words I put together for you and please honor these men's work. And remember, they are legends... Bardeen, James Maxwell (b. 1939) American theoretical physicist; showed that many or most black holes in our Universe should be rapidly spinning and, with Petterson, predicted the influence of the holes' spins on surrounding accretion disks; with Carter and Hawking, discovered the four laws of black-hole mechanics. Scroll to "I" Bohr, Niels Hendrik David Danish theoretical physicist; Nobel laureate; one of the founders of quantum mechanics; mentor for many of the leading physicists of the middle twentieth century, including Lev Landau and John Wheeler; tried to save Landau from prison; with Wheeler developed the theory of nuclear fission. Einstein, Albert

57. ARISTOTE Translate this page Gagnez de l'argent en jouant gratuitement sur Prizee ! karl schwarzschild. 1873-1916.karl schwarzschild est l'aîné d'une famille de six enfants. http://www.cafe.rapidus.net/sbelange/schwarzschild.html

Gagnez de l'argent en jouant gratuitement sur Prizee ! KARL SCHWARZSCHILD Toute sa vie, Schwarzschild s'efforce de rendre l'astronomie accessible à tous et de communiquer aux gens son amour pour cette science. Ainsi, pendant les huit années où il est professeur à Göttingen, son cours d'astronomie populaire connaît un tel succès que l'observatoire devient le lieu de rencontre d'une foule de personnes. Grand amateur de plein air, il est un mordu du ski et d'alpinisme. Passionné du vol en ballon, il met au point un sextant spécialement adapté au vol. Lorsque la guerre éclate, il s'enrôle comme volontaire. Affecté à l'artillerie, sur le front de Russie, il contracte une maladie incurable et il doit rentrer, en mars 1916. Il passe les deux derniers mois de sa vie à l'hopital.

58. AIP Center For History Of Physics OHI Abstract - Schwarzschild Life of his father, karl schwarzschild; father's scientific relationships in Göttingen(Felix Klein, David Hilbert); move to Potsdam, 1909; relations with http://www.aip.org/history/ohi/schwarzs.htm

Schwarzschild, Martin, 1912-. Oral history interview conducted by Spencer R. Weart, 30 July 1975 to 19 July 1979. 5 sessions, audiotape, 9 cassettes, 2 5- inch reels; transcript, 201 pp. Interview conducted as part of the Sources for History of Modern Astrophysics (SHMA) project. Copies also available in other SHMA Libraries of Deposit. Includes name index and table of contents. RETURN to the OHI Abstract List Page

59. Stadtarchiv Göttingen, Personen, Gedenktafeln schwarzschild,karl Astrophysiker 1901-1909 (Geismarlandstraße 11); http://www.stadtarchiv.goettingen.de/texte/gedenktafeln_s.htm

Die Jahreszahlen geben die Wohnzeit an der Gedenktafel-Adresse an. Kurzbiografien der Personen finden Sie in dem Buch A B C D ... Z Sander , Philipp Pastor Sauppe , Hermann Klassischer Philologe Savigny , Friedrich Carl von Schlegel , August Wilhelm Dichter, Literarturkritiker und Orientalist (Goethallee 15) Schlegel , Karl Wilhelm Friedrich von Philosoph, Dichter und Literarhistoriker (Papendiek 16) , August Ludwig von Geschichtsforscher und Publizist , Dorothea 1787 als erste Frau Doktor der Phlosophie Schopenhauer , Arthur Philosoph Schramm , Percy Ernst Historiker , Edward Germanist Schroeter , Joh. Hyronimus Astronom , Christoph Bernhard Levin Romanschriftsteller Schultz , Ernst Andreas Heinrich Hermann Theologe Schulze , Gottlob Ernst Philosoph Schwarzschild , Karl Astrophysiker Semper , Gottfried Baumeister und Architekt Siebold , Eduard Karl Kaspar Jakob von Frauenarzt Siebold , Agathe von Johannes Brahms`Jugendliebe Siegel , Carl L. Mathematiker (Rohnsweg 14) Soemmerring , Samuel Thomas von Mediziner (Pauliner Str. 14)

60. Evolucao Final Das Estrelas Translate this page O raio do horizonte, ou raio de schwarzschild karl schwarzschild (1873-1916),é a distância ao buraco negro dentro da qual nem a luz escapa = . http://astro.if.ufrgs.br/estrelas/node14.htm

Volta: Estrelas Anterior: Massas Nucleares Figura: Se a massa da estrela for entre 0,08 M Sol e 0,8 M Sol Sol Imagem em raio X, em falsa cor, do remanescente da supernova observada em 1572 por Tycho Brahe. Esta imagem foi obtida pelo satélite Chandra. Em azul estão representados os raios-x de mais alta energia. O remanescente está a cerca de 7500 anos-luz e tem uma extensão de cerca de 20 anos-luz. Sol ), T ef M Sol Sol Se a estrela iniciar com massa entre 0,8 e 8 a 10 M Sol Sol , e raio de cerca de 10 000 km. Figura: Se a estrela iniciar sua vida com massa entre 8 a 10 e 25 M Sol de graus K, massa de cerca de 1,4 M Sol Seqüência de fotos do pulsar da Nebulosa do Caranguejo. Simulação da aproximação a um pulsar, mostrando o feixe de luz orientando com os pólos magnéticos. Se a estrela iniciar sua vida com massa entre 25 e 100 M Sol 6 M Sol qual nem a luz escapa: Figura: Figura: Um candidato a buraco negro estelar é a estrela Cygnus X1, descoberta pelo satélite de raios-X Uhuru (liberdade em Swahili, a língua do Quênia, onde o satélite foi lançado em 12.12.1970), consiste da estrela HD226868, com 20 massas solares, orbitando uma massa de cerca de 5 a 8 massas solares, invisível, em 5,5 dias. Esta companheira compacta é muito mais massiva que o maior limite, de 4,3 massas solares, de uma estrela de nêutrons. Alguns buracos negros estelares são GS2000+25, com massa acima de 5,66 M Sol , A0620.00 com massa entre 3,6 e 13,6 M

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