1. Julia Bowman Robinson Julia Bowman Robinson. Julia Robinson, July 13, 1985. December 8, 1919 July30, 1985. Julia Bowman Robinson (1919- 1985), Women of Mathematics. Eds. http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/robinson.htm

Julia Bowman Robinson December 8, 1919 - July 30, 1985 Written by Julie Bricker, Class of 2000 (Agnes Scott College) Julia Bowman was born on December 8, 1919, in St. Louis, Missouri, to Ralph Bowers Bowman and Helen Hall Bowman. Two years later, her mother died, and Bowman and her older sister, Constance, went to Phoenix, Arizona to live with their grandmother. During this time her father lost interest in his machine tool and equipment business and retired. After marrying Edenia Kridelbaugh, her father joined his daughters in Arizona with his new wife. The family moved to San Diego, California, where her father supported the family with his savings. Three years later a third daughter, Billie, was born. When Bowman was nine years old, she contracted scarlet fever, causing the family to be quarantined for a month. The family celebrated the end of their quarantine by viewing their first talking motion picture. A year later, Bowman developed rheumatic fever, and after several relapses, she had to spend a year in bed at the home of a nurse. At the time, the treatment for rheumatic fever was sunbaths and isolation from everyone, including her sisters. When Bowman became well enough, she studied with a tutor for a year, covering material from the fifth through the eighth grade. The tutor's claim that the square root of two could not be calculated to a point where the decimal would repeat itself fascinated her. When she re-entered school in ninth grade, she had a profound interest in mathematics. Even when all the other girls had dropped out of the math classes by their junior year, Bowman continued on, and she was the only woman in her physics classes (Kelley 595). While she succeeded in her school work, she had a hard time gaining self- confidence and overcoming her insecurities. She had not developed these qualities because of her isolation. Instead, she relied on Constance to speak for her (Smorynski 77). However, she managed to graduate in 1936 with honors in mathematics and science courses and the Bausch-Lomb medal for all-around excellence in science. Her parents rewarded her achievements with a slide rule that she named "Slippy."

2. Julia Bowman ROBINSON Constance REID and Raphael M. robinson julia bowman Robinson (19191985), pp.405-413in P. DUREN (Ed.) A century of mathematics in America, Part III, AMS http://www.desargues.univ-lyon1.fr/home/fem/biblio/biblio-1-11.html

3. Julia Bowman Robinson, 1919-1985 worksspanning more than thirty yearsof Julia Bowman Robinson. These papers constitute important contributions to http://www.eumed.net/cursecon/economistas/robinson_julia.htm

Julia Bowman Robinson, 1919-1985 Matemática, sus mayores éxitos fueron en el tratamiento de ecuaciones diofánticas. Su principal contribución a la economía es en el campo de la Teoría de Juegos, en el análisis de juegos de suma cero. Desarrolló el concepto de "dinámica de mejor respuesta" como instrumento para converger hacia el punto de equilibrio de Nash . Ese concepto fue ampliamente utilizado con posterioridad por los análisis evolutivos de la teoría de juegos. "An Iterative Method of Solving a Game", 1951, Annals of Mathematics. Julia Bowman Robinson en Internet Profile conferencia de Emmy Noether en 1982 en la AWM. Reid, Constance. "Being Julia Robinson's Sister" , Notices of the American Mathematical Society, Diciembre 1996, p1486-1492. ( http://www.ams.org/notices/ en formato pdf).

4. Julia Bowman ROBINSON On The Internet Julia Bowman ROBINSON on the Internet Outstanding American mathematician Julia Bowman Robinson lived at the time when there was no WWW, and she had no Home page. Nevertheless, nowadays on the Internet there are items connected with her. http://www.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/ifi/ti/personen/Matiyasevich/JRobinson

Julia Bowman ROBINSON on the Internet List of publications Short biographies Constance Reid about her sister Co-authors' recollections Photos and future film Miscellaneous items Outstanding American mathematician Julia Bowman Robinson lived at the time when there was no WWW, and she had no Home page. Nevertheless, nowadays on the Internet there are items connected with her. Here I try to collect links to all such pages. I would appreciate e-mail with URL of items missing here. URL of my original Home page is http://logic.pdmi.ras.ru/~yumat/index.html It has a mirror at http://www.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/ifi/ti/personen/Matiyasevich/index.html All comments can be e-mailed to me, Yuri Matiyasevich.

5. Julia Bowman Robinson Julia Bowman Robinson 19191985 Julia Bowman's mother died when shewas two years old and her father, retiring a year later, moved http://www.stetson.edu/~efriedma/periodictable/html/Rb.html

Julia Bowman Robinson Julia Bowman's mother died when she was two years old and her father, retiring a year later, moved to Arizona and then later to San Diego. Her schooling was disrupted by a year off school with scarlet fever at age 9. After graduating from San Diego High School she entered San Diego State College. Later she transferred to the University of California at Berkeley. There she became Neyman's assistant but after marrying an assistant professor of mathematics there, she was no longer allowed to teach in the mathematics department. She left mathematics at this time. In 1946 she visited Princeton and took up mathematics again, working for a doctorate under Tarski's supervision. In her thesis she proved that the arithmetic of rational numbers is undecidable by giving an arithmetical definition of the integers in the rationals. Robinson was awarded a doctorate in 1948, and that same year started work on Hilbert's Tenth Problem: find an effective way to determine whether a Diophantine equation is soluble. Along with Martin Davis and Hilary Putman she gave a fundamental result which contributed to the solution to Hilbert's Tenth Problem. She also did important work on that problem with Matijasevic after he gave the solution in 1970. In addition to this work on Hilbert's Tenth Problem, Robinson also wrote on general recursive functions and on primitive recursive functions. In 1980 she gave the American Mathematical Society Colloquium Lectures on computability, Hilbert's Tenth Problem, decision problems for rings and fields, and non-standard models of arithmetic. She was the second woman to give the Colloquium Lectures, the first being Wheeler in 1927.

6. I Am Working On A Web Page On Julia Bowman Robinson I am working on a web page on julia bowman robinson. She worked with a few other mathematicians on Hilbert's tenth problem. http://www.cs.appstate.edu/~sjg/womeninmath/vrstric.html

I am working on a web page on Julia Bowman Robinson. She worked with a few other mathematicians on Hilbert's tenth problem.

7. Robinson_Julia julia Hall bowman robinson. Born 8 Dec 1919 in St Louis, Missouri, USA Died30 July 1985 in USA. Click the picture above to see two larger pictures http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Robinson_Julia.html

Julia Hall Bowman Robinson Born: 8 Dec 1919 in St Louis, Missouri, USA Died: 30 July 1985 in USA Click the picture above to see two larger pictures Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Julia Bowman 's parents were Ralph Bowers Bowman and Helen Hall. Julia was the younger of her parents two children, having an elder sister Constance who was two years older. Ralph Bowman owned a machine tool and equipment company while Helen had been a primary school teacher before her marriage. However Ralph seemed to lose interest in his business after his wife Helen died, partly because he had made enough money to support his family from investing it. Julia was two years old when her mother died and after this she and her sister Constance were sent to live in a community of about four houses in the Arizona desert. Ralph remarried Edenia Kridelbaugh a year later, retired from his business at this time, and moved with his new wife to Arizona to be with his children. The family moved about a lot over the next few years, always being away from the desert in the summer time. Of course there was no school in the middle of the Arizona desert, so when Julia was five years old (and Constance was seven) her new mother Edenia insisted that the family settle permanently somewhere where the children could be sent to school. They chose Point Loma in San Diego which was very small, having around 50 families, with a primary school which had so few pupils that it combined children of different ages into the same classroom. The arrangement allowed both Julia and Constance to progress more rapidly through the levels than might otherwise have been possible. In 1928 Ralph and Edenia had a daughter Billie, so Julia now had a younger sister as well as an elder one. Her schooling was disrupted by a year off school with scarlet fever when she was nine years old.

8. References For Robinson_Julia 182189. DH Lehmer et al., julia bowman robinson, Notices of the AmericanMathematical Society 32 (1985), 739-742. Y Matijasevich http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/References/Robinson_Julia.html

References for Julia Bowman Books: C Reid, Julia : A life in mathematics (Washington, D.C.,1996). Articles: M Davis, The collaboration in the United States, in Julia : A life in mathematics (Washington, D.C.,1996), 91-98. L Gaal, Julia Robinson's dissertation, in Julia : A life in mathematics (Washington, D.C.,1996), 85-90. L S Grinstein and P J Campbell (eds.), Women of Mathematics (Westport, Conn., 1987), 182-189. D H Lehmer et al., Julia Bowman Robinson, Notices of the American Mathematical Society Y Matijasevich, My collaboration with Julia Robinson, in Julia : A life in mathematics (Washington, D.C.,1996), 99-118. C Reid, Being Julia Robinson's sister, Notices of the American Mathematical Society C Reid, The autobiography of Julia Robinson, College Mathematics Journal C Reid, The autobiography of Julia Robinson, in Julia : A life in mathematics (Washington, D.C.,1996), 1-84. C Smorynski, Julia Robinson, In Memoriam, The Mathematical Intelligencer Main index Birthplace Maps Biographies Index History Topics ... Anniversaries for the year JOC/EFR November 2002 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of St Andrews, Scotland

9. Women Mathematicians-Chronological Index Dorothy Lewis Bernstein (19141988) Alice T. Schafer (1915- ) F. Jessie MacWilliams(1917-1990) Ruth Aaronsom Bari (1917- ) julia bowman robinson (1919-1985). http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/chronol.htm

Biographies of Women Mathematicians , Agnes Scott College] Search Chronological Index of Women Mathematicians The choice of what century to use is a bit subjective. For the sake of this index I have listed each woman by the century of her birth. Eighteenth Century and Before Theano (5th Century B.C.) Hypatia (370?-415) Elena Lucrezia Cornaro Piscopia (1646-1684) Emilie du Chatelet (1706-1749 ... Mary Fairfax Somerville (1780-1872) Nineteenth Century Ada Byron King, Countess of Lovelace (1815-1852) Florence Nightingale (1820-1910) Mary Everest Boole (1832-1916) Susan Jane Cunningham (1842-1921) ... Pelageya Yakovlevna Polubarinova-Kochina (1899- ) Twenthieth Century Gertrude Mary Cox (1900-1978) Mary Lucy Cartwright (1900-1998) Nina Karlovna Bari (1901-1961) Edna Kramer Lassar (1902-1984) ... Karen E. Smith (1965- ) Need Help on these with date of birth (and death if appropriate)! Margaret Wright Gloria Gilmer Goldie Prentis Horton Home ... LRiddle@AgnesScott.edu Last modified July 24, 2002 Agnes Scott College , Decatur, GA

10. References For Robinson_Julia References for the biography of julia bowman D H Lehmer et al., julia bowman robinson, Notices of the American Mathematical Society 32 (1985), 739742. http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/References/Robinson_Julia.html

References for Julia Bowman Books: C Reid, Julia : A life in mathematics (Washington, D.C.,1996). Articles: M Davis, The collaboration in the United States, in Julia : A life in mathematics (Washington, D.C.,1996), 91-98. L Gaal, Julia Robinson's dissertation, in Julia : A life in mathematics (Washington, D.C.,1996), 85-90. L S Grinstein and P J Campbell (eds.), Women of Mathematics (Westport, Conn., 1987), 182-189. D H Lehmer et al., Julia Bowman Robinson, Notices of the American Mathematical Society Y Matijasevich, My collaboration with Julia Robinson, in Julia : A life in mathematics (Washington, D.C.,1996), 99-118. C Reid, Being Julia Robinson's sister, Notices of the American Mathematical Society C Reid, The autobiography of Julia Robinson, College Mathematics Journal C Reid, The autobiography of Julia Robinson, in Julia : A life in mathematics (Washington, D.C.,1996), 1-84. C Smorynski, Julia Robinson, In Memoriam, The Mathematical Intelligencer Main index Birthplace Maps Biographies Index History Topics ... Anniversaries for the year JOC/EFR November 2002 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of St Andrews, Scotland

11. Autres Mathématiciennes Magdalena JAROSZEWSKA Portraits of women mathematicians (à propos de Nina KarlovnaBari et julia bowman robinson), pp.2329 in Report on the fifth annual EWM http://www.desargues.univ-lyon1.fr/home/fem/biblio/biblio-1-13.html

12. Julia Bowman ROBINSON On The Internet julia bowman robinson on the Internet. List of publications; Short biographies;Constance Reid about her sister; Coauthors' recollections; http://logic.pdmi.ras.ru/~yumat/JRobinson/

Julia Bowman ROBINSON on the Internet List of publications Short biographies Constance Reid about her sister Co-authors' recollections Photos and future film Miscellaneous items Outstanding American mathematician Julia Bowman Robinson lived at the time when there was no WWW, and she had no Home page. Nevertheless, nowadays on the Internet there are items connected with her. Here I try to collect links to all such pages. I would appreciate e-mail with URL of items missing here. URL of my original Home page is http://logic.pdmi.ras.ru/~yumat/index.html It has a mirror at http://www.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/ifi/ti/personen/Matiyasevich/index.html All comments can be e-mailed to me, Yuri Matiyasevich.

13. About Julia Robinson NonWWW sources about julia bowman robinson. Constance Reid and Raphael M. robinsonjulia bowman robinson (1919-1985) Women of mathematics, 182-189. http://logic.pdmi.ras.ru/~yumat/JRobinson/Jabout.html

Non-WWW sources about Julia Bowman Robinson D. H. and Emma Lehmer, Elizabeth Scott, John Kelley, Lisl Gaal, David Gale, Martin Davis, Saunders Mac Lane, Ivan Niven, Everett Pitcher, Lenore Blum, Solomon Feferman, and Leon Henkin Julia Bowman Robinson: 1919-1985 Notices Am. Math. Soc. 32:6, 739-743 (1985) ISSN 0002-9920 MR 86m:01070, Zbl Craig Smorynski Julia Robinson, in memoriam Math. Intell. 8, 77-79 (1986). ISSN 0343-6993 MR 87f:01081, Zbl Constance Reid and Raphael M. Robinson Julia Bowman Robinson (1919-1985) Women of mathematics, 182-189. A biobibliographic sourcebook. Edited by Louise S. Grinstein and Paul J. Campbell. Greenwood Press, Westport, CT, 1987. xxii+292 pp. ISBN 0-313-24849-4 MR 89b:01071 Constance Reid and Raphael M. Robinson Julia Bowman Robinson (1919-1985) A century of mathematics in America. Part III, pp. 405-413. Edited by Peter Duren, with the assistance of Richard A. Askey, Harold M. Edwards and Uta C. Merzbach. History of Mathematics, 3. American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI, 1989. x+675 pp. ISBN 0-8218-0136-8 MR 90f:01044, Zbl. 682.01001

14. Www.scottlan.edu/lriddle/women/robinson.htm Similar pages julia bowman robinsonjulia bowman robinson Photo Courtesy of www.agnesscott.edu August 23, 1909 – July23,1993 First Woman Mathematician elected to National Academy of Sciences. http://www.scottlan.edu/lriddle/women/robinson.htm

15. 250 Grandes Economistas robinson, Joan (1903-1983); robinson, julia bowman( 1919-1985); Rojo Duque, Luis Ángel (1934 - ); Röpke, Wilhelm http://www.eumed.net/cursecon/economistas/

250 Grandes Economistas Aviso: Ni están todos los que son, ni son todos los que están. Pulsa aquí para ver los libros a la venta sobre Economistas y pensamiento económico A ... Los 40 principales (Los economistas más visitados en este sitio) Economistas hispanos Italianos Francófonos Germanos ... Adelman , Irma (1930-) Akerlof , George A. (1940-) Alberdi , Juan Bautista (1810-1884) Alchian , Armen A. (1914-)  Álvarez Álvarez, Valentín Andrés (1891-1982) Allais , Maurice (1911-) Amin , Samir (1931-) Aristóteles ae Arrow , Kenneth J. (1921-) Azpilcueta (alias Navarrus), Martin de (1493-1586) Bagehot , Walter (1826-1877) Balassa , Bela (1928-1991) Baran , Paul (1910-1964) Barea Tejeiro, José (1935-) Barre Raymond (1924-) Barro , Robert J. (1944-) Bastiat , Frederic (1801-1850) Bauer , Otto (1881-1938) Bauer , Peter T. (1915-2002) Baumol , William J. (1922 -) Beccaria , Cesare Bonesana Marchese di (1738-1794) Becker , Gary S. (1930-) Bejarano Ávila , Jesús Antonio (1946-1999) Bentham , Jeremy (1748-1832) Bergson , Abram (1914-) Bernacer , Germán (1883-1965) Bernstein , Edward (1850-1932) Bertrand , Joseph Louis François (1822-1900) Böhm-Bawerk , Eugen (1851-1914) Boisguilbert , Pierre Le Pesant de (1646-1714) Boulding , Kenneth E. (1910-1993)

16. Julia Bowman Robinson, December 8, 1919­July 30, 1985 | By Solomon Feferman | B Constance Reid with Raphael M. robinson, julia bowman robinson (1919­1985), Womenof Mathematics, A Bibliographic Source Book, ed. by Louise S. Grinstein http://www.nap.edu/html/biomems/jrobinson.html

BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS National Academy of Sciences Julia Bowman Robinson By Solomon Feferman One of my earliest memories is of arranging pebbles in the shadow of a giant saguaro . . . I think I have always had a basic liking for the natural numbers. To me they are the one real thing. We can conceive of a chemistry which is different from ours, or a biology, but we cannot conceive of a different mathematics of numbers. What is proved about numbers will be a fact in any universe. (From The Autobiography of Julia Robinson by Constance Reid) A S A MATHEMATICIAN, JULIA Bowman Robinson will long be remembered for her many important contributions to questions of algorithmic solvability and unsolvability of mathematical problems, in particular for her part in the negative solution of Hilbert's "Tenth Problem." And, despite her expressed wish, she will be remembered as the first woman to be elected to the mathematical section of the National Academy of Sciences, as well as the first woman to be president of the American Mathematical Society. By those who knew her personally she will be remembered for her rare qualities of idealism, integrity, modesty, openness, and generosity, and for her appreciation and encouragement of the work of others. She was born Julia Bowman on December 8, 1919, in St. Louis, Missouri, the second of two daughters, to Helen Hall Bowman and Ralph Bowers Bowman. Her mother died when she was two years old, and her father retired not long after, having lost interest in his machine tool and equipment business. Ralph Bowman remarried a few years later to Edenia Kridelbaugh, and the family moved first to Arizona and then to San Diego; a third daughter, Billie, joined Constance and Julia a few years later. As a child, Julia was said to be stubborn and slow to talk, but she exhibited a precocious liking for the natural numbers, as evidenced by her earliest reported memories.

17. Nat'l Academies Press, Biographical Memoirs (1994), 18. Julia Bowman Robinson OCR for page 452 OCR for page 453 julia bowman robinson December 8, 191 9July 30,1985 BY SOLOMON FEFERMAN One of my earliest memories is of arranging pebbles http://www.nap.edu/books/0309049768/html/452.html

Biographical Memoirs V.63 National Academy of Sciences ( NAS Related Books Openbook Linked Table of Contents Front Matter, pp. i-iv Contents, pp. v-viii Preface, pp. ix-x 1. Thomas Addis, pp. 1-47 2. Dietrich H.F. Bodenstein, pp. 48-67 3. Walter Houser Brattain, pp. 68-87 4. Leonard Eugene Dickson, pp. 88-111 5. Sterling Howard Emerson, pp. 112-125 6. Charlotte Friend, pp. 126-149 7. James Jerome Gibson, pp. 150-171 8. Albert Baird Hastings, pp. 172-217 9. Einar Hille, pp. 218-245 10. Nathan Oram Kaplan, pp. 246-291 11. Wilton Marion Krogman, pp. 292-321 12. Philip Levine, pp. 322-347 13. Bruce Herbert Mahan, pp. 348-363 14. Elliott Waters Montroll, pp. 364-381 15. Earl Leonard Muetterties, pp. 382-393 16. Jerzy Neyman, pp. 394-421 17. John Howard Northrop, pp. 422-451 18. Julia Bowman Robinson, pp. 452-479 19. Howard A. Schneiderman, pp. 480-503 20. Thomas Kilgore Sherwood, pp. 504-522 Cumulative Index, pp. 523-536 THIS PAGE You may want to explore these Related Books Openbook Linked Table of Contents Front Matter, pp. i-iv

18. Women In Math: Biographies 1938 ) Reid, Nancy (1952 - ) Rees, Mina Spiegel (1902-1997) Rees, Mina (1902-) Reid, Nancy Reinhardt, Anna Barbara robinson, julia bowman (1919 - 1985 http://www.uoregon.edu/~wmnmath/People/Biographies/R.html

R Ragsdale, Virginia Rasiowa, Helena Ratner, Marina Reid, Nancy ... Robinson, Julia Bowman (1919 - 1985) pdf file of article written for AMS Notices by Constance Reid, sister of Julia Robinson. Robinson, Julia Bowman Robinson, Julia Bowman Rothschild, Linda Preiss Rothschild, Linda ... Rudin, Mary Ellen

19. Women In Math: Biographies R. Reid, Nancy Reinhardt, Anna Barbara Ress, Mina (1902 ) robinson,julia bowman (1919-1985) Rudin, Mary Ellen (1924- ). http://www.uoregon.edu/~vitulli/WomenInMath/People/Biographies/R.html

R Reid, Nancy Reinhardt, Anna Barbara Ress, Mina Robinson, Julia Bowman ... Rudin, Mary Ellen

20. The Collected Works Of Julia Robinson - (American Mathematical Society Bookstore . This volume presents all the published worksspanningmore than thirty yearsof julia bowman robinson. These...... Add http://www.ams.org/bookstore/idx/CWORKS-6.html

The Collected Works of Julia Robinson Edited by: Solomon Feferman Stanford University, CA Description This volume presents all the published worksspanning more than thirty yearsof Julia Bowman Robinson. These papers constitute important contributions to the theory of effectively calculable functions and to its applications. Outstanding among the latter are Robinson's proof of the effective unsolvability of the decision problem for the rational number field (and, consequently of that for the first-order theory of all fields), and her work that provided the central step toward the negative solution of Hilbert's Tenth Problem. These results provide upper bounds for what one can hope to obtain in the way of positive solutions to the decision problem for special classes of fields and for special classes of diophantine equations, respectively. Besides thematic unity, Robinson's papers are distinguished by their clarity of purpose and accessibility to non-specialists as well as specialists. The volume also includes an extensive biographical memoir on the life and work of Robinson, who will be remembered not only for her distinctive and vital contributions, but also as the first woman to be elected to the mathematical section of the National Academy of Sciences and as the first woman to be President of the American Mathematical Society.

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