1. Robert Recorde - Encyclopedia Article From Britannica.com prova completa 52 edições este ano. Robert Scheidt tenta quebrar o recorde da prova, de 21h25min05, estabelecido por http://www.britannica.com/seo/r/robert-recorde

Search Robert Recorde at Britannica.com for the Web's best sites, news and magazine articles, and related products. To view the complete article, sign up for Britannica's premium service - Recorde, Robert b. c. 1510,, Tenby, Pembrokeshire, Wales d. 1558, London, Eng. physician and the foremost mathematician of 16th-century England. Recorde was appointed a fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, in 1531. He later taught at the University of Cambridge, and, after earning his medical degree there in 1545, he served as physician to King Edward VI Need more? Complete articles are available to premium service members. Information on site licenses is also available. About Us Advertise With Us Syndication International Publishing ... Help

2. Robert Recorde Robert Recorde (c. 15101558) Robert Recorde was one of the most eminent mathematiciansand teachers in England during the middle of the sixteenth century, who http://www.dartmouth.edu/~matc/readers/renaissance.astro/3.0.Recorde.html

Introduction Nicholas Copernicus De Revolutionibus John Dee ... The Mathematicall Praeface Robert Recorde The Castle of Knowledge Marcellus Palingenius Stellatus The Zodiake of Life Thomas Digges ... Bibliography Robert Recorde (c. 1510-1558) Robert Recorde was one of the most eminent mathematicians and teachers in England during the middle of the sixteenth century, who wrote books on arithmetic, geometry, and astronomy, all in English. Castle ofKnowledge (1556), is a comprehensive textbook on astronomy, written in the form of a dialogue between the Master and his young Scholar. The book is meant to train its reader in traditional astronomy, but Recorde is already familiar with the Copernican theory, which must have become a topic of much interest to astronomers and mathematicians, as this excerpt indicates. Last updated 1 September 1999

3. Recorde Robert Recorde. Born 1510 in Tenby, Wales Died 1558 in London, England. RobertRecorde's parents were Thomas Recorde and Rose Jones. http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Recorde.html

Robert Recorde Born: 1510 in Tenby, Wales Died: 1558 in London, England Click the picture above to see a larger version Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Robert Recorde 's parents were Thomas Recorde and Rose Jones. Thomas Recorde's father was from Wales and Rose Jones was the daughter of Thomas Jones from Machynlleth in Montgomeryshire. Robert was the second son of Thomas and Rose and, although the date is not definitely known, it is thought that he entered the University of Oxford in about 1525. Again we do not know the topics he studied but we do know that he graduated with a B.A. in 1531 and was elected a Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford in that year. All Souls was a graduate College at this time endowed for the study of Church music. It trained men in theology, law and medicine. Certainly we know that he studied medicine at Oxford and was a highly educated man. In later life he was interested in history, collecting British antiquities and manuscripts, and he was an expert in the Anglo-Saxon language. It is reasonable to suppose that he gained his love of antiquities at All Souls College for John Leyland, who was in 1531 chaplain and librarian to King Henry VIII employed by the King for his expertise in antiquities and manuscripts, had studies at All Souls at the same time as, or slightly before, Recorde. It is likely that following his election to a fellowship in 1531 Recorde taught at Oxford for a few years but there are no records to prove this. The next that we know for certain is that he went to Cambridge and studied there for his M.D. There is a record at Cambridge which states that Recorde received a license in medicine in Oxford twelve years earlier and this almost certainly means that Recorde received the degree of B.M. from Oxford although again no record of this has been found. He graduated from Cambridge in 1545, receiving the degree of M.D. He may have taught at Cambridge following the award of his degree but all we know for certain is that some time during two years following 1545 he moved to London where he practiced medicine.

4. Robert Recorde Robert Recorde 1510 1558. Gellir gweld un o lyfrau'r Doctor RobertRecorde yn yr Amgueddfa yn Ninbych y Pysgod. Ganed Robert Recorde http://www.pembschool.org.uk/casmael/dyp/html/robert_recorde.html

Robert Recorde 1510 - 1558 Gellir gweld un o lyfrau'r Doctor Robert Recorde yn yr Amgueddfa yn Ninbych y Pysgod. Ganed Robert Recorde yn Ninbych y Pysgod yn 1510, ond does fawr o neb yn gwybod llawer amdano erbyn heddiw. Roedd ei fam, Rose, yn ferch i Thomas Jones o Fachynlleth a'i dad yn fasnachwr Tuduraidd yn Ninbych y Pysgod Gadawodd Robert Sir Benfro yn 15 mlwydd oed am Rydychen. Bu'n dysgu am gyfnod cyn dod yn feddyg i Edward y Chweched a'r Frenhines Mari. Roedd e'n wr bonheddig, yn fathemategydd, yn gyfarwydd a'r iaith Roeg, yn fedrus mewn meddyginiaeth ac yn hyddysg yn y gyfraith. Gwr amryddawn iawn. Bu'n llywodraethwr y Bathdy, ac yn arolygwr mwyngloddiau arian yn Iwerddon a Lloegr. Robert Recorde oedd un o'r dynion cyntaf yn y wlad yma i dderbyn syniadau COPERNICUS am yr haul. Un o wlad Pwyl oedd Copernicus. 1473 - 1543. Dadleuai mai'r HAUL oedd canol system y bydysaw a bod y DDAEAR a'r PLANEDAU eraill yn cylchdroi o gwmpas yr haul. Cyn damcaniaeth Copernicus credai pobl fod y Ddaear yn aros yn ei hunfan a bod y planedau i gyd yn cylchdroi o'i chwmpas. Carcharwyd Copernicus am ei ddamcaniaeth. Robert Recorde luniodd arwydd cyfartaledd, yr

5. Recorde Robert Recorde. 1510 1558. Robert Recorde was born in Tenby, Wales in 1510.Unfortunately there is little known account of his childhood years. http://www.math.wichita.edu/history/men/recorde.html

Robert Recorde Robert Recorde was born in Tenby, Wales in 1510. Unfortunately there is little known account of his childhood years. As a young adult he studied first at Oxford, then at Cambridge where he graduated in medicine. Sometime later he served as physician to King Edward VI and Queen Mary. He then served some time in Ireland as Comptroller of Mines and Monies'. Although he began in medicine, mathematics is the area that has brought about his name in history. Recorde wrote many textbooks including; The Grounde of Artes (1540) which is one of the earliest known mathematical works published in English. In it he first used the symbols (+) and (-). It was perhaps the most important arithmetic textbook written in English in the 16th century. His other books of note include, The Castle of Knowledge (1551), an astronomical work discussing the theories of Copernicus; The Pathwaie to Knowledge (1551), considered by many as just an abridgement of Euclid's elements; and The Whetstone of Witte (1557), an algebraic book in which Recorde is credited for developing the (=) equal sign. He used two, long, parallel lines because he said, "noe 2 thynges can be moare equalle." An interesting side note is that Recorde wrote all of his books except for The Pathwaie to Knowledge in the form of a dialogue between a master and a scholar. Recorde died in the King's Bench Prison in 1558, where he was committed for debt. It is believed, although not proven, that Recorde may have also been imprisoned for serious complaints brought against him during his job as Comptroller of the Mines in Ireland in 1551-1553.

6. Recorde, Robert Catalog of the Scientific Community. recorde, robert. Note the creators of the Galileo Project and this catalogue http://es.rice.edu/ES/humsoc/Galileo/Catalog/Files/recorde.html

Catalog of the Scientific Community Recorde, Robert Note: the creators of the Galileo Project and this catalogue cannot answer email on genealogical questions. 1. Dates Born: Tenby, Pembrokeshire, Wales, c.1510 Died: London, 1558 His will was proved on 18 June 1558. Dateinfo: Birth Uncertain Lifespan: 2. Father Occupation: Unknown The only information is the statement that Thomas Recorde came from a good family. This could mean gentry, but I don't care to guess. No information on financial status. 3. Nationality Birth: Welsh (British) Career: English, Irish Death: English 4. Education Schooling: Oxford; Cambridge, M.D. Oxford, 1525-31; B.A., 1531. Cambridge, M.D., 1545. 5. Religion Affiliation: Catholic, Protestant He must have begun adult life as a Catholic. There is some evidence that he adopted the Protestant cause. He seems too early to use the word Anglican. 6. Scientific Disciplines Primary: Mathematics Subordinate: Medicine, Astronomy Recorde was the founder of the English school of mathematics. The Ground of Artes, 1552arithmetic. The Pathway to Knowledg, 1551a translation and rearrangement of the first four books of Euclid. The Gate of Knowledge, apparently completed but never publishedmeasurement and use of the quadrant. The Castle of Knowledge, 1556 construction and use of the sphere, elementary Ptolemaic astronomy (including one brief favorable mention of Copernicus). The Whetstone of Witte, 1557elementary algebra. As a physician he also published The Urinal of Physick, 1547, a traditional medical work.

7. Recorde Biography of robert recorde (15101558) robert recorde's parents were Thomas recorde and Rose Jones. Thomas recorde's father was from Wales and Rose Jones was http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Recorde.html

Robert Recorde Born: 1510 in Tenby, Wales Died: 1558 in London, England Click the picture above to see a larger version Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Robert Recorde 's parents were Thomas Recorde and Rose Jones. Thomas Recorde's father was from Wales and Rose Jones was the daughter of Thomas Jones from Machynlleth in Montgomeryshire. Robert was the second son of Thomas and Rose and, although the date is not definitely known, it is thought that he entered the University of Oxford in about 1525. Again we do not know the topics he studied but we do know that he graduated with a B.A. in 1531 and was elected a Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford in that year. All Souls was a graduate College at this time endowed for the study of Church music. It trained men in theology, law and medicine. Certainly we know that he studied medicine at Oxford and was a highly educated man. In later life he was interested in history, collecting British antiquities and manuscripts, and he was an expert in the Anglo-Saxon language. It is reasonable to suppose that he gained his love of antiquities at All Souls College for John Leyland, who was in 1531 chaplain and librarian to King Henry VIII employed by the King for his expertise in antiquities and manuscripts, had studies at All Souls at the same time as, or slightly before, Recorde. It is likely that following his election to a fellowship in 1531 Recorde taught at Oxford for a few years but there are no records to prove this. The next that we know for certain is that he went to Cambridge and studied there for his M.D. There is a record at Cambridge which states that Recorde received a license in medicine in Oxford twelve years earlier and this almost certainly means that Recorde received the degree of B.M. from Oxford although again no record of this has been found. He graduated from Cambridge in 1545, receiving the degree of M.D. He may have taught at Cambridge following the award of his degree but all we know for certain is that some time during two years following 1545 he moved to London where he practiced medicine.

8. References For Recorde References for robert recorde. B Hughes, robert recorde and the first publishedequation, in Vestigia mathematica (Amsterdam, 1993), 163171. http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/References/Recorde.html

References for Robert Recorde Biography in Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 1970-1990). Biography in Encyclopaedia Britannica. Books: E Kaplan, Robert Recorde (c. 1510-1558) : studies in the life and works of a Tudor scientist (PhD Thesis New York University, 1960). Articles: M Brooke, A matter of Recorde, J. Recreational Math. B Hughes, Robert Recorde and the first published equation, in Vestigia mathematica (Amsterdam, 1993), 163-171. S V Larkey, Robert Recorde's Mathematical Teaching and the Anti-Aristotelian Movement, Huntington Library Bulletin Main index Birthplace Maps Biographies Index History Topics ... Anniversaries for the year JOC/EFR April 2002 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of St Andrews, Scotland The URL of this page is: http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/history/References/Recorde.html

9. Robert Recorde The Mathematicall Praeface. robert recorde. The Castle of Knowledge http://hilbert.dartmouth.edu/~matc/Readers/renaissance.astro/3.0.Recorde.html

Introduction Nicholas Copernicus De Revolutionibus John Dee ... The Mathematicall Praeface Robert Recorde The Castle of Knowledge Marcellus Palingenius Stellatus The Zodiake of Life Thomas Digges ... Bibliography Robert Recorde (c. 1510-1558) Robert Recorde was one of the most eminent mathematicians and teachers in England during the middle of the sixteenth century, who wrote books on arithmetic, geometry, and astronomy, all in English. Castle ofKnowledge (1556), is a comprehensive textbook on astronomy, written in the form of a dialogue between the Master and his young Scholar. The book is meant to train its reader in traditional astronomy, but Recorde is already familiar with the Copernican theory, which must have become a topic of much interest to astronomers and mathematicians, as this excerpt indicates. Last updated 1 September 1999

10. Encyclopædia Britannica Did you mean recorde, robert (Fr. Encyclopædia Britannica, recorde, robertphysician, mathematician, and author of introductory mathematics textbooks. http://www.britannica.com/search?query=robert recorde&seo

11. Math And Culture Lesson March 26 March 26, 1997 Course Introduction. robert recorde's the Castle ofKnowledge is part of an astronomy text from approximately 1560. http://www.dartmouth.edu/~matc/MathCulture/3-26.html

March 26, 1997 Course Introduction Robert Recorde's the Castle of Knowledge is part of an astronomy text from approximately 1560. When it was published, the Copernican theory had been circulating for 20 years. ... Copernicus proposed to increase the accuracy and simplicity of astronomical theory by transferring to the sun many astronomical functions previously attributed to the earth. Before this proposal the earth  had been the fixed center about which astronomers computed the the motions of stars and planets.  - The Copernican Revolution, Thomas S. Kuhn Course introduction Students are asked what they already know about the Copernican revolution, and about Copernicus, Galileo, and Kepler. Chances are that most will have only an elementary understanding. They will probably know that Copernicus "discovered" that the sun was the immoveable center of planetary motion and not the earth; they will know that Galileo was persecuted by the Catholic Church (which had always opposed the idea of the earth's motion) for maintaining this to be true, and forced to recant to save his life; they will know that Kepler came up with Kepler's Three Laws. Some will even know one or more of these laws, one or two might even know that they are related to elliptical planetary orbits, and a few will know that Galileo was the first to look at the heavens through a telescope and that he discovered the moons of Jupiter. I tell the students that this rudimentary knowledge will certainly be augmented by this course, and that in fact some of the simplifications they have received previously are serious distortions. Copernicus, a mathematician, resurrected a theory that had been proposed by some ancient Greeks, most notably Aristarchus of Samos. But Copernicus also did the calculations necessary to determine orbital periods, etc., thus creating a model that was as good as any refinement of the Ptolemaic model in predicting planetary motions as seen from the Earth. However, the fact is that "as good" is far from perfect, and neither is accurate in any acceptable modern sense. The two models were equally inaccurate.

12. ROBERT RECORDE Translate this page robert recorde. robert recorde wurde um das Jahr 1510 im südwest-walisischenOrt Tenby (bei Pembroke) geboren. Ungefähr 1525 zog http://www.inf.fu-berlin.de/~froetsch/manosem/Helle/Recorde.html

ROBERT RECORDE The Grovnd of Artes The Castle of Knowledge The pathwaie to knowledge (gedruckt in London 1551) beinhaltete einen Auszug aus Euklids Elemente . Recordes letztes Mathematikbuch war das dreiteilige The whetstone of witte Der Wetzstein des Wissens als auch mit Der Wetzstein des Witzes Gleichheitszeichen = The Grovnd of Artes allein bis zum Jahre 1601 insgesamt 18 Auflagen erschienen. Literatur F. Cajori: A History of Mathematical Notations, vol. 1, La Salle (Illinois) 1928. D. E. Smith: History of Mathematics, vol. 1, New York 1958 (1951, 1953. Republication). D. J. Struik (ed.): A Source Book in Mathematics, 1200-1800, Cambridge (Massachusetts) 1969.

13. References For Recorde References for the biography of robert recorde References for robert recorde. Biography in Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 19701990). http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/References/Recorde.html

References for Robert Recorde Biography in Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 1970-1990). Biography in Encyclopaedia Britannica. Books: E Kaplan, Robert Recorde (c. 1510-1558) : studies in the life and works of a Tudor scientist (PhD Thesis New York University, 1960). Articles: M Brooke, A matter of Recorde, J. Recreational Math. B Hughes, Robert Recorde and the first published equation, in Vestigia mathematica (Amsterdam, 1993), 163-171. S V Larkey, Robert Recorde's Mathematical Teaching and the Anti-Aristotelian Movement, Huntington Library Bulletin Main index Birthplace Maps Biographies Index History Topics ... Anniversaries for the year JOC/EFR April 2002 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of St Andrews, Scotland The URL of this page is: http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/history/References/Recorde.html

14. = Translate this page einem Wort abgeleitet. Es war eine vollständig neuartige Erfindungdes Arztes und Mathematikers robert recorde. In seinem Buch http://www.inf.fu-berlin.de/~froetsch/manosem/Helle/Istgleich.html

Unser modernes Gleichheitszeichen Robert Recorde . In seinem Buch The Whetstone of Witte (1557) notiert Recorde: "I will sette as I doe often in woorke use, a paire of paralleles, or Gemowe lines of one lengthe, thus: =, bicause noe. 2. thynges, can be moare equalle." entwickelte. Das Gleichheitssymbol Zeittafel Literatur F. Cajori: A History of Mathematical Notations, vol. 1, La Salle (Illinois) 1928. D. E. Smith: History of Mathematics, vol. 1-2, New York 1958 (1951, 1953. Republication). D. J. Struik (ed.): A Source Book in Mathematics, 1200-1800, Cambridge (Massachusetts) 1969.

15. Robert Recorde Programme Admissions Courses robert recorde (c15101558). 254282.University of Wales Press. The robert recorde Memorial. The robert http://www.swan.ac.uk/compsci/dept/recorde/

University Home Department Home Research Department ... Courses Robert Recorde (c1510-1558) Biography Memorial Room Biography Recorde was an able teacher, an author of important books, and one of the outstanding scholars of 16th Century Europe. Among his books that are of special interest for the computational tradition he founded are: The Ground of Artes This is an influential book on arithmetic in the English vernacular (rather than Latin) that explains both the “new” decimal arithmetic and the “ancient” abacus arithmetic The Pathway to Knowledge A version of the first four books of Euclid with an emphasis on algorithmic constructions. The Whetstone of Witte This work is famous for the explicit invention of the equality sign thus making an account of algebra that was completely symbolic. Accounts of Recorde’s work are contained in most histories of mathematics. Some useful references are: "Robert Recorde", in Charles C Gillispie (ed), Dictionary of Scientific Biography, Volume 11, 338-339. Charles Scribner's Sons. 1981. Howell A Lloyd, " 'Famous in the Field of Number and Measure' : Robert Recorde, Renaissance Mathematician"

16. Robert Recorde Memorial Pictures Admissions Courses robert recorde Memorial Pictures. Notes on recordeand the Memorial. Figure 1 This is the complete Memorial. Figure http://www.swan.ac.uk/compsci/dept/recorde/RobertRecordeMemorial.html

University Home Department Home Research Department ... Courses Robert Recorde Memorial Pictures Notes on Recorde and the Memorial. Figure 1: This is the complete Memorial. Figure 2: Detail of the personification of Arithmetic. Figure 3: This is a detail of the golden section and quotation. Figure 4: This is a detail of the hex.

17. [HM] Robert Recorde's Ground Of Artes - Multiplication Discussion Group HM robert recorde's Ground of Artes multiplication.post a message on this topic post a message on a new topic 30 http://mathforum.org/epigone/historia_matematica/womhalsald

a topic from Historia-Matematica Discussion Group [HM] Robert Recorde's Ground of Artes - multiplication post a message on this topic post a message on a new topic 30 Jan 2003 [HM] Robert Recorde's Ground of Artes - multiplication , by Paul Garcia 31 Jan 2003 Re: [HM] Robert Recorde's Ground of Artes - multiplication , by Daniel E. Otero The Math Forum

18. [HM] Robert Recorde's Ground Of Artes - Multiplication a topic from historia HM robert recorde's Ground of Artes multiplication.post a message on this topic post a message on a new topic http://mathforum.org/epigone/historia/womhalsald

a topic from historia [HM] Robert Recorde's Ground of Artes - multiplication post a message on this topic post a message on a new topic 30 Jan 2003 [HM] Robert Recorde's Ground of Artes - multiplication , by Paul Garcia 31 Jan 2003 Re: [HM] Robert Recorde's Ground of Artes - multiplication , by Daniel E. Otero The Math Forum

19. ThinkQuest Library Of Entries The summary for this Korean page contains characters that cannot be correctly displayed in this language/character set. http://library.thinkquest.org/22584/tmh3020.htm

Welcome to the ThinkQuest Internet Challenge of Entries The web site you have requested, Mathematics History , is one of over 4000 student created entries in our Library. Before using our Library, please be sure that you have read and agreed to our To learn more about ThinkQuest. You can browse other ThinkQuest Library Entries To proceed to Mathematics History click here Back to the Previous Page The Site you have Requested ... Mathematics History click here to view this site A ThinkQuest Internet Challenge 1998 Entry Click image for the Site Languages : Site Desciption An extensive history of mathematics is at your fingertips, from Babylonian cuneiforms to advances in Egyptian geometry, from Mayan numbers to contemporary theories of axiomatical mathematics. You will find it all here. Biographical information about a number of important mathematicians is included at this excellent site. Students Hyun-jin Jae-yun Hwang(Seoul Yo Sang) Korea, South Kyung-sun Jae-yun Hwang(Seoul Yo Sang) Korea, South So-young Jae-yun Hwang(Seoul Yo Sang) Korea, South

20. ThinkQuest Library Of Entries recorde, R.(ca.15101558). Blsides his arithmetic robert recorde wrotean astronomy, a geomery, an algebra, a book in medicine. and http://library.thinkquest.org/22584/temh3020.htm

Welcome to the ThinkQuest Internet Challenge of Entries The web site you have requested, Mathematics History , is one of over 4000 student created entries in our Library. Before using our Library, please be sure that you have read and agreed to our To learn more about ThinkQuest. You can browse other ThinkQuest Library Entries To proceed to Mathematics History click here Back to the Previous Page The Site you have Requested ... Mathematics History click here to view this site A ThinkQuest Internet Challenge 1998 Entry Click image for the Site Languages : Site Desciption An extensive history of mathematics is at your fingertips, from Babylonian cuneiforms to advances in Egyptian geometry, from Mayan numbers to contemporary theories of axiomatical mathematics. You will find it all here. Biographical information about a number of important mathematicians is included at this excellent site. Students Hyun-jin Jae-yun Hwang(Seoul Yo Sang) Korea, South Kyung-sun Jae-yun Hwang(Seoul Yo Sang) Korea, South So-young Jae-yun Hwang(Seoul Yo Sang) Korea, South

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