1. TMTh:: OENOPIDES OF CHIOS MATHEMATICIAN, ASTRONOMER oenopides of chios (fl. 5th century BC) LifeCited by Diodorus Siculus and by Proclus in his Commentary http://www.tmth.edu.gr/en/aet/2/73.html

Home Ancient Greek Scientists AGRICULTURALISTS ARCHITECTS ... PHYSICISTS MATHEMATICIAN, ASTRONOMER OENOPIDES OF CHIOS (fl. 5th century BC) Life Cited by Diodorus Siculus and by Proclus in his "Commentary on Euclid", Oenopides travelled widely through Egypt and acquired considerable skill in astronomy. His work focused on studies of the lunar and solar years. The discoveries he made were engraved on a bronze tablet which he offered to Olympia. Work His work also included: The first geometric constructions with ruler and compasses (e.g. "Perpendicular to a line from a point that is not on that line", "Construction on a given straight line of an angle equal to a given angle). The discovery of the inclination of the ecliptic. The introduction into Greece the "Great Year" of 59 years. Oenopides accepted a year of 365 days and a month of 291/2 days. 59 is the largest whole number of years that contains an exact number of lunar months (730). Since 730 lunar months correspond to 21,557 days, each year in the Great Year would have 365.373 days, or a little less than 365 days and 9 hours. Contact the Technology Museum

2. TMTh:: Ancient Greek Technologists IAMBLICHUS OF CHALCEDON MARINOS OF TYRE MENAECHMCUS OF THRACE MENELAUS OF ALEXANDRIAMETON OF ATHENS NICOMEDES OF ALEXANDRIA oenopides of chios PAPPUS OF http://www.tmth.edu.gr/en/aet/1.html

Home Ancient Greek Scientists AGRICULTURALISTS ARCHITECTS ARTISTS ASTRONOMERS ... ZENO OF ELEA Read about the life and Work of Ancient Greek Scientists. Choose the desired category from the list on the left and the desired scientist from the list on the right Based on the Greek book: K. Georgakopoulos, "Ancient Greek Scientists", Athens, 1995 Contact the Technology Museum

3. Science Timeline Oefner, Peter J., 2000. oenopides of chios, 440 bce http://www.sciencetimeline.net/siteindex_n-o.htm

use checkboxes to select items you wish to download Select Index Letter: a b c d ... w-x-y-z Nagaoka, Hantaro, 1904 Nambu, Yoichiro, 1960, 1961, 1965 Nanney, David L., 1958 Napier, John, 1614 Narlikar, Jayant V., 1965 NASA, 1970, 1990 Nash, John Forbes, 1950 Nasse, Christian Friedrich, 1820 Naur, Peter, 1958 Needham, Joseph, early 1930s, 1954 Negus, Victor, 1949 Neidergerke, R., 1954 Nernst,1906, Walther Hermann, 1906, 1915 Neugebauer, Gerry, 1968 Neumann, Franz Ernst, 1831 Newell, Allen, 1956 Newlands, John Alexander Reina, 1864, 1869 Newton, Isaac, 1350, 1619, 1662, 1666, 1669, 1672, 1684, 1687, 1687, 1687, 1687, 1692, 1704, 1704, 1710, 1710, 1713, 1715, 1737, 1738, 1742, 1744, 1788, 1799, 1801, 1801, 1814, 1883, 1894, 1905, 1915, 1916 Nicholson, William, 1800

4. ThinkQuest Library Of Entries Zeno of Elea (c. 490c. 430); Antiphon of Rhamnos (the Sophist) (c. 480-411);oenopides of chios (c. 450?) Leucippus (c. 450); Hippocrates http://library.thinkquest.org/C006364/ENGLISH/history/historygreece.htm

Welcome to the ThinkQuest Internet Challenge of Entries The web site you have requested, A Taste of Mathematic , is one of over 4000 student created entries in our Library. Before using our Library, please be sure that you have read and agreed to our To learn more about ThinkQuest. You can browse other ThinkQuest Library Entries To proceed to A Taste of Mathematic click here Back to the Previous Page The Site you have Requested ... A Taste of Mathematic click here to view this site A ThinkQuest Internet Challenge 2000 Entry Click image for the Site Languages : Site Desciption Welcome to A Taste of Mathematics.You will find the taste of mathematics here.The history of Mathematics,famous mathematicians,cxciting knowledge,the world difficult problems and also mathematics in our life... Browsing,thinking,enjoying,and have a good time here! Students fangfei Beijing No.4 High School China ziyan Beijing No.4 High School China Coaches Tife Zespó³ Szkó³ Ogólnokszta³c¹cych Numer 1 China xueshun Beijing No.4 High School China

5. Oenopides oenopides of chios. Very little is known about the life of Oenopidesof Chios except that his place of birth was the island of Chios. http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Oenopides.html

Oenopides of Chios Born: about 490 BC in Chios (now Khios), Greece Died: about 420 BC Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Very little is known about the life of Oenopides of Chios except that his place of birth was the island of Chios. We believe that Oenopides was in Athens when a young man but there is only circumstantial evidence for this. In Plato 's Erastae Oenopides is described as (see for example [1]):- ... having acquired a reputation for mathematics... and Plato also describes a scene where Socrates comes across two young men in the school of Dionysius who was Plato 's teacher. The young men were discussing a question in mathematical astronomy which had been tackled by Oenopides and Anaxagoras . This question was certainly that of the angle that the ecliptic makes with the celestial equator . Bulmer-Thomas writes in [1]:- ... it was probably Oenopides who settled on the value of , which was accepted in Greece until refined by Eratosthenes . Indeed, if Oenopides did not fix on this or some other figure it is difficult to know in what his achievement consisted, for the Babylonians no less than the Pythagoreans and Egyptians must have realised from early days that the apparent path of the sun was inclined to the celestial equator.

6. Oenopides Of Chios (b. Ca. 480 BC) -- From Eric Weisstein's World Of Scientific Oenopides de Chios. © 2001. Carlos Andrés Carvajal T. http://www.treasure-troves.com/bios/Oenopides.html

Branch of Science Astronomers Branch of Science Philosophers ... Greek Oenopides of Chios (b. ca. 480 BC) year to have 365 1/5 days (actually 365.2422). Additional biographies: Greek and Roman Science and Technology Author: Eric W. Weisstein

7. Greek Mathematics Index Heron Hipparchus Hippias Hippocrates, Hypatia Hypsicles Leucippus Marinus of NeapolisMenaechmus Menelaus Nicomachus Nicomedes oenopides of chios Pappus Perseus http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Indexes/Greeks.html

History Topics: Index of Ancient Greek mathematics Articles about Greek mathematics. Squaring the circle Doubling the cube Trisecting an angle Greek Astronomy ... Greek number systems Various lists of Greek mathematicians. Full list Mathematicans/Philosophers Mathematicians/Astronomers Mathematicians/Astronomers/Philosophers ... Later circle squarers Click on a name below to go to that biography. Full List of Greek Mathematicians in our archive Anaxagoras Anthemius Antiphon Apollonius ... Zenodorus Greek Mathematicans/Philosophers Anaxagoras Antiphon Archytas Aristotle ... Zeno of Elea Greek Mathematicians/Astronomers Apollonius Archimedes Aristarchus Aristotle ... Theon of Smyrna Greek Mathematicians/Astronomers/Philosophers Aristotle Cleomedes Democritus Eudoxus ... Thales Greek Circle squarers Anaxagoras Antiphon Apollonius Archimedes ... Bryson Carpus Dinostratus Hippias Hippocrates Nicomedes ... Sporus Later Circle squarers Al-Haytham Johann Bernoulli Cusa James Gregory ... Search Form JOC/EFR August 2001 The URL of this page is: http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/history/Indexes/Greeks.html

8. Oenopides Biography of Oenopides (490BC420BC) oenopides of chios. Born about 490 BC in Chios (now Khios), Greece http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Mathematicians/Oenopides.html

Oenopides of Chios Born: about 490 BC in Chios (now Khios), Greece Died: about 420 BC Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Very little is known about the life of Oenopides of Chios except that his place of birth was the island of Chios. We believe that Oenopides was in Athens when a young man but there is only circumstantial evidence for this. In Plato 's Erastae Oenopides is described as (see for example [1]):- ... having acquired a reputation for mathematics... and Plato also describes a scene where Socrates comes across two young men in the school of Dionysius who was Plato 's teacher. The young men were discussing a question in mathematical astronomy which had been tackled by Oenopides and Anaxagoras . This question was certainly that of the angle that the ecliptic makes with the celestial equator . Bulmer-Thomas writes in [1]:- ... it was probably Oenopides who settled on the value of , which was accepted in Greece until refined by Eratosthenes . Indeed, if Oenopides did not fix on this or some other figure it is difficult to know in what his achievement consisted, for the Babylonians no less than the Pythagoreans and Egyptians must have realised from early days that the apparent path of the sun was inclined to the celestial equator.

9. Greek Index Menelaus. Nicomachus. Nicomedes. oenopides of chios. Pappus. Perseus. Philon of Byzantium http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Indexes/Greek_index.html

Index of Greek mathematicians Below are various lists of Greek mathematicians. Full list Mathematicans/Philosophers Mathematicians/Astronomers Mathematicians/Astronomers/Philosophers ... Later circle squarers Some History Topics about Greek mathematics. Squaring the circle Doubling the cube Trisecting an angle Greek Astronomy Click on a name below to go to that biography. Full List of Greek Mathematicians in our archive Anaxagoras Anthemius Antiphon Apollonius ... Zenodorus Greek Mathematicans/Philosophers Anaxagoras Antiphon Archytas Aristotle ... Zeno of Elea Greek Mathematicians/Astronomers Apollonius Archimedes Aristarchus Aristotle ... Theon of Smyrna Greek Mathematicians/Astronomers/Philosophers Aristotle Cleomedes Democritus Eudoxus ... Thales Greek Circle squarers Anaxagoras Antiphon Apollonius Archimedes ... Bryson Carpus Dinostratus Hippias Hippocrates Nicomedes ... Sporus Later Circle squarers al-Haytham Johann Bernoulli Cusa James Gregory ... Societies, honours, etc JOC/EFR January 2000 The URL of this page is: School of Mathematics and Statistics University of St Andrews, Scotland http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/history/Indexes/Greek_index.html

10. Oenopides Of Chios (b. Ca. 480 BC) -- From Eric Weisstein's World Of Scientific Nationality , Greek v. oenopides of chios (b. ca. 480 BC), Greek natural philosopherwho determined the inclination of the ecliptic to be 24° (actually 23.5°). http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/biography/Oenopides.html

Branch of Science Astronomers Branch of Science Philosophers ... Greek Oenopides of Chios (b. ca. 480 BC) year to have 365 1/5 days (actually 365.2422). Additional biographies: Greek and Roman Science and Technology Author: Eric W. Weisstein

11. Greek Mathematics Index Menelaus. Nicomachus. Nicomedes. oenopides of chios. Pappus. Perseus. Philon of Byzantium http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Indexes/Greeks.html

History Topics: Index of Ancient Greek mathematics Articles about Greek mathematics. Squaring the circle Doubling the cube Trisecting an angle Greek Astronomy ... Greek number systems Various lists of Greek mathematicians. Full list Mathematicans/Philosophers Mathematicians/Astronomers Mathematicians/Astronomers/Philosophers ... Later circle squarers Click on a name below to go to that biography. Full List of Greek Mathematicians in our archive Anaxagoras Anthemius Antiphon Apollonius ... Zenodorus Greek Mathematicans/Philosophers Anaxagoras Antiphon Archytas Aristotle ... Zeno of Elea Greek Mathematicians/Astronomers Apollonius Archimedes Aristarchus Aristotle ... Theon of Smyrna Greek Mathematicians/Astronomers/Philosophers Aristotle Cleomedes Democritus Eudoxus ... Thales Greek Circle squarers Anaxagoras Antiphon Apollonius Archimedes ... Bryson Carpus Dinostratus Hippias Hippocrates Nicomedes ... Sporus Later Circle squarers Al-Haytham Johann Bernoulli Cusa James Gregory ... Search Form JOC/EFR August 2001 The URL of this page is: http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/history/Indexes/Greeks.html

12. History Of Mathematics: Greece c. 428); Zeno of Elea (c. 490c. 430); Antiphon of Rhamnos (the Sophist)(c. 480-411); oenopides of chios (c. 450?); Leucippus (c. 450 http://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/mathhist/greece.html

Greece Cities Abdera: Democritus Alexandria : Apollonius, Aristarchus, Diophantus, Eratosthenes, Euclid , Hypatia, Hypsicles, Heron, Menelaus, Pappus, Ptolemy, Theon Amisus: Dionysodorus Antinopolis: Serenus Apameia: Posidonius Athens: Aristotle, Plato, Ptolemy, Socrates, Theaetetus Byzantium (Constantinople): Philon, Proclus Chalcedon: Proclus, Xenocrates Chalcis: Iamblichus Chios: Hippocrates, Oenopides Clazomenae: Anaxagoras Cnidus: Eudoxus Croton: Philolaus, Pythagoras Cyrene: Eratosthenes, Nicoteles, Synesius, Theodorus Cyzicus: Callippus Elea: Parmenides, Zeno Elis: Hippias Gerasa: Nichmachus Larissa: Dominus Miletus: Anaximander, Anaximenes, Isidorus, Thales Nicaea: Hipparchus, Sporus, Theodosius Paros: Thymaridas Perga: Apollonius Pergamum: Apollonius Rhodes: Eudemus, Geminus, Posidonius Rome: Boethius Samos: Aristarchus, Conon, Pythagoras Smyrna: Theon Stagira: Aristotle Syene: Eratosthenes Syracuse: Archimedes Tarentum: Archytas, Pythagoras Thasos: Leodamas Tyre: Marinus, Porphyrius Mathematicians Thales of Miletus (c. 630-c 550)

13. Re: [HM] An Ancient Greek Library By Laura Elena Morales Gro. Next to them you also find oenopides of chios (the first one to give rules for the classification of solutions to http://mathforum.com/epigone/historia_matematica/merpreezan/Pine.LNX.4.33.020114

Re: [HM] An ancient Greek library by Laura Elena Morales Gro. reply to this message post a message on a new topic Back to messages on this topic Back to Historia-Matematica Discussion Group Subject: Re: [HM] An ancient Greek library Author: lemg@matem.unam.mx Date: The Math Forum

14. History Of Mathematics: Chronology Of Mathematicians A list of all of the important mathematicians working in a given century.Category Science Math Mathematicians Directories...... oenopides of chios (c. 450?) *SB; Leucippus (c. 450) *SB *MT; Hippocratesof Chios (fl. c. 440) *SB; Meton (c. 430) *SB; Hippias of Elis (fl. http://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/mathhist/chronology.html

Chronological List of Mathematicians Note: there are also a chronological lists of mathematical works and mathematics for China , and chronological lists of mathematicians for the Arabic sphere Europe Greece India , and Japan Table of Contents 1700 B.C.E. 100 B.C.E. 1 C.E. To return to this table of contents from below, just click on the years that appear in the headers. Footnotes (*MT, *MT, *RB, *W, *SB) are explained below List of Mathematicians 1700 B.C.E. Ahmes (c. 1650 B.C.E.) *MT 700 B.C.E. Baudhayana (c. 700) 600 B.C.E. Thales of Miletus (c. 630-c 550) *MT Apastamba (c. 600) Anaximander of Miletus (c. 610-c. 547) *SB Pythagoras of Samos (c. 570-c. 490) *SB *MT Anaximenes of Miletus (fl. 546) *SB Cleostratus of Tenedos (c. 520) 500 B.C.E. Katyayana (c. 500) Nabu-rimanni (c. 490) Kidinu (c. 480) Anaxagoras of Clazomenae (c. 500-c. 428) *SB *MT Zeno of Elea (c. 490-c. 430) *MT Antiphon of Rhamnos (the Sophist) (c. 480-411) *SB *MT Oenopides of Chios (c. 450?) *SB Leucippus (c. 450) *SB *MT Hippocrates of Chios (fl. c. 440) *SB Meton (c. 430) *SB

15. History Of Astronomy: Persons (O) Find more about Odierna with Alta Vista. oenopides of chios (c. 490BC c. 420 BC) Short biography and references (MacTutor Hist. http://www.astro.uni-bonn.de/~pbrosche/persons/pers_o.html

History of Astronomy Persons History of Astronomy: Persons (O) Deutsche Fassung Oberth, Hermann Julius (1894-1989) Very short biography (Eric Weisstein's Treasure Trove) Very short biography Hermann-Oberth-Raumfahrt-Museum , Feucht (in German) Odierna [Hodierna; Adierna], Gioanbatista [Giovan/Giovanni Battista] (1597-1660) Biographical data and references Hodierna's Deep Sky Observations Manifestazioni per il quarto centenario della nascita di Giovanni Battista Hodierna (in Italian) Find more about Odierna with Alta Vista Oenopides of Chios (c. 490 BC - c. 420 BC) Short biography and references (MacTutor Hist. Math.) Very short biography (Eric Weisstein's Treasure Trove) Yngve Very short biographical data and links Oja, Tarmo (20th c.) (5080) Oja Oken, Lorenz (1779-1851) Very short biography (Eric Weisstein's Treasure Trove) Olbers, Heinrich Wilhelm Short biography and links (in German) Short biography (infoplease.com) Very short biography Olbers' Paradox Das Olberssche Paradoxon , von Peter H. Richter (in German) Warum wird es nachts dunkel? Wissenschaftstheoretische Lehren aus dem Olbersschen Paradoxon

16. History Of Astronomy: What's New At This Site On August 30, 1999 1578) Short biography and references From the Catholic Encyclopedia,1913. O oenopides of chios (c. 490 BC c. 420 BC) Short biography http://www.astro.uni-bonn.de/~pbrosche/new/new990830.html

History of Astronomy What's new History of Astronomy: What's new at this site on August 30, 1999 Several URLs have been updated. Welcome / About Citation Index updated Acknowledgements updated History of astronomy General From the Big Bang to the End of the Universe: The Mysteries of Deep Space Timeline Includes some history of astronomy. Observatories and other places Auckland , New Zealand The Astronomical History of the Auckland Province , by R. A. McIntosh and John Grigg From The Amateur Astronomer, Vol. 17, No. 2, May 1957, p. 20-22; No. 3, Dec. 1957, p. 40-42; Vol. 18, No. 1, June 1958, p. 3-6; No. 2, Dec. 1958, p. 20-23; No. 3, May 1959, p. 46-48; No. 4, Dec. 1959, p. 60-65. London , Ontario, Canada A History of the Department of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Western Ontario , by Donald R. Moorcroft (See also Introduction From Physics in Canada, Vol. 55, No. 4, July/Aug. 1999, p. 159-176 Ottobeuren , Germany Sternwarte Ottobeuren (in German) Public observatory.

17. Science Timeline About 440 bce, oenopides of chios probably created the first threeof what became Euclid's 'postulates' or assumptions. What is http://www.sciencetimeline.net/prehistory.htm

use checkboxes to select items you wish to download About 10,000 bce, wolves were probably domesticated. [added 02/01/03] By 9000 bce, sheep were probably domesticated in the Middle East. About 7000 bce, there was probably an hallucinagenic mushroom By 7000 bce, wheat was domesticated in Mesopotamia. The intoxicating effect of leaven on cereal dough and of warm places on sweet fruits and honey was noticed before men could write. By 6500 bce, goats [added 02/01/03] maces [added 02/01/03] walled communities [added 02/01/03] About 4800 bce, there is evidence of astronomical calendar stones on the Nabta plateau, near the Sudanese border in Egypt. A parade of six megaliths mark the position where Sirius About 4000 bce, horses were being ridden on the Eurasian steppe by the people of the Sredni Stog culture (Anthony et al. About 4000 bce, light wooden plows were used in Mesopotamia. Between 4000 and 3500 bce, copper smelting in minute quantities was introduced in Mesopotamia. [added 02/01/03] Between 4000 and 3500 bce, copper smelting in minute quantities was introduced in Mesopotamia.

18. Outline Of Cosmology And Astronomy To Aristarchus another. oenopides of chios (c. 450? BC) Discovered obliquity of ecliptic.Gave a great year as 59 years. Leucippus of Elea (fl. http://babbage.clarku.edu/~djoyce/ma105/astrocos.html

Outline of Cosmology and Astronomy to Aristarchus Math 105 History of Mathematics, D Joyce. Spring, 1999 Source: Thomas Heath, Aristarchus of Samos, the Ancient Copernicus, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1913. Reprinted by Dover, New York, 1981. Thales of Miletus (c. 630? - c 550? BC) Statesman, engineer, mathematician and astronomer, one of the "seven wise men." Cosmology: earth floated on water, a disk. Sun, stars, and planets fiery. Perhaps based on Egyptian and/or Babylonian cosmology. Said to have predicted a solar eclipse, but unlikely. Eudemus referred to two written works by Thales: On the Solstice and On the Equinox, since lost. Noted length of four seasons not all the same. Diogenes Laertius says Thales declared the apparent size of the sun and the moon to be 1/720 part of the circle described by it (i.e., 1/2 degree). Recommended sailing by Little Bear (Little Dipper) as the Phoenicians did. Anaximander of Miletus (Anasimandros) (c. 611 - c. 547 BC) Considered first Greek philosopher. Student of Thales. Cosmology: earth at center, a disk with depth 1/3 of breadth floating in air. Believed the stars to be fiery wheels emitting flames through vents, and eclipses occur when the vents are stopped up. Concluded the circle of the sun is 27 or 28 times the size of the earth, and that of the moon 18 or 19 times. Probably brought the vertical sundial (gnomon) to Greeks from Babylonians. Said to be first to draw a map of the inhabited earth. Anaximenes of Miletus (c. 585 - c. 528 BC. Stars on crystal sphere, but planets have their own movements. Sun, moon, stars made of fire. Said eclipses due to obscuring dark bodies.

19. Mathematicians Zeno of Elea (c. 490c. 430) *mt. Antiphon of Rhamnos (the Sophist) (c. 480-411)*SB *mt. oenopides of chios (c. 450?) *SB. Leucippus (c. 450) *SB *mt. http://www.chill.org/csss/mathcsss/mathematicians.html

List of Mathematicians printed from: http://aleph0.clarku.edu:80/~djoyce/mathhist/mathhist.html 1700 B.C.E. Ahmes (c. 1650 B.C.E.) *mt 700 B.C.E. Baudhayana (c. 700) 600 B.C.E. Thales of Miletus (c. 630-c 550) *MT Apastamba (c. 600) Anaximander of Miletus (c. 610-c. 547) *SB Pythagoras of Samos (c. 570-c. 490) *SB *MT Anaximenes of Miletus (fl. 546) *SB Cleostratus of Tenedos (c. 520) 500 B.C.E. Katyayana (c. 500) Nabu-rimanni (c. 490) Kidinu (c. 480) Anaxagoras of Clazomenae (c. 500-c. 428) *SB *mt Zeno of Elea (c. 490-c. 430) *mt Antiphon of Rhamnos (the Sophist) (c. 480-411) *SB *mt Oenopides of Chios (c. 450?) *SB Leucippus (c. 450) *SB *mt Hippocrates of Chios (fl. c. 440) *SB Meton (c. 430) *SB Hippias of Elis (fl. c. 425) *SB *mt Theodorus of Cyrene (c. 425) Socrates (469-399) Philolaus of Croton (d. c. 390) *SB Democritus of Abdera (c. 460-370) *SB *mt 400 B.C.E. Hippasus of Metapontum (or of Sybaris or Croton) (c. 400?) Archytas of Tarentum (of Taras) (c. 428-c. 347) *SB *mt Plato (427-347) *SB *MT Theaetetus of Athens (c. 415-c. 369) *mt Leodamas of Thasos (fl. c. 380) *SB

20. Diodorus On The Greek Cultural Debt and the philosopher Plato, and that there came also Pythagoras of Samos and the mathematicianEudoxus, as well as Democritus of Abdera and oenopides of chios. http://academic.reed.edu/humanities/110Tech/Diodorus1.96-98.html

Diodorus on the Greek Cultural Debt to Egypt (based on Oldfather's tr.) But now that we have examined these matters we must enumerate what Greeks, who have won fame for their wisdom and learning, visited Egypt in ancient times in order to become acquainted with its customs and learning. For the priests of Egypt recount from the records of their sacred books that they were visited in early times by Orpheus, Musaeus, Melampus, and Daedalus, also by the poet Homer and Lycurgus of Sparta, later by Solon of Athens and the philosopher Plato, and that there came also Pythagoras of Samos and the mathematician Eudoxus, as well as Democritus of Abdera and Oenopides of Chios. As evidence for the visits of all these men they point in some cases to their statues and in others to places or buildings which bear their names, and they offer proofs from the branch of learning which each one of these men pursued, arguing that all the things for which they were admired among the Greeks were borrowed from Egypt. (1.96) And as proof of the presence of Homer they adduce various pieces of evidence , and especially the healing drink which brings forgetfulness of all past evils, which was given by Helen to Telemachus in the home of Menelaus [in Book Four of the Odyssey] ... for, they allege, even to this day the women of this city [Thebes in Egypt] use this powerful remedy. (1.97)

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