1. William Of Ockham Article on Occam (1287-1347) from the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy; by Paul Vincent Spade.Category Society Philosophy Philosophers William of Ockham......William of Ockham. 135. 1987. William Ockham. 2 vols., Notre Dame, Ind.University of Notre Dame Press. (2nd rev. ed., 1989.); - 1999. http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ockham/

version history HOW TO CITE THIS ENTRY Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy A B C D ... Z content revised AUG William of Ockham 1. Life 1.1 England (c. 1287-1324) 1.2 Avignon (1324-28) 1.3 Munich (1328/29-47) ... Related Entries 1. Life Ockham led an unusually eventful life for a philosopher. As with so many medieval figures who were not prominent when they were born, we know next to nothing about the circumstances of Ockham's birth and early years, and have to estimate dates by extrapolating from known dates of events later in his life. Ockham's life may be divided into three main periods. 1.1 England (c. 1287 Ockham was born, probably in late 1287 or early 1288, in the village of Ockham (= Oak Hamlet) in Surrey, a little to the southwest of London. He probably learned basic Latin at a village school in Ockham or nearby, but this is not certain. Around 1310, when he was about 23, Ockham began his theological training. It is not certain where this training occurred. It could well have been at the London Convent, or it could have been at Oxford, where there was another Franciscan convent associated with the university. In any event, Ockham was at Oxford studying theology by at least the year 1318-19, and probably the previous year as well, when (in 1317) he began a required two-year cycle of lectures commenting on Peter Lombard's Sentences

2. Ockham William of Ockham. Born 1288 in Ockham William of Ockham's early Franciscaneducation concentrated on logic. He studied theology at http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Ockham.html

William of Ockham Born: 1288 in Ockham (near Ripley, Surrey), England Died: 9 April 1348 in Munich, Bavaria (now Germany) Click the picture above to see a larger version Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index William of Ockham 's early Franciscan education concentrated on logic. He studied theology at Oxford and between 1317 and 1319 he lectured on the Sentences , the standard theology text used in universities up to 16 C. His opinions aroused strong oposition and he left Oxford without his Master's Degree. He continued studying mathematical logic and made important contributions to it. He considered a three valued logic where propositions can take one of three truth values. This became important for mathematics in the 20th Century but it is remarkable that it was first studied by Ockham 600 years earlier. Ockham went to France and was denounced by the Pope. He was excommunicated and in 1328 he fled seeking the protection of Louis IV in Bavaria (Louis had also been excommunicated!). He continued to attack papal power always employing logical reasoning in his arguments. Article by: J J O'Connor and E F Robertson List of References (22 books/articles) A Quotation Mathematicians born in the same country Other Web sites Dave Beckett The Catholic Encyclopedia Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy Encyclopaedia Britannica ... Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index History Topics Societies, honours, etc.

3. Ockham William Of From FOLDOC ockham william of. Recommended Reading William of Ockham, Opera Philosophica (Franciscan,1975); William of Ockham, Philosophical Writings A Selection, tr. http://www.swif.uniba.it/lei/foldop/foldoc.cgi?Ockham William of

4. Who2 Profile: William Of Ockham WILLIAM OF OCKHAM • Philosopher. William of Ockham (also spelled Occam)was a 14th century English philosopher who was also a Franciscan friar. http://www.who2.com/williamofockham.html

WILLIAM OF OCKHAM Philosopher William of Ockham (also spelled Occam) was a 14th century English philosopher who was also a Franciscan friar. Resistant to the popular wave of Scholasticism, a philosophical position that tried to unify worldly and religious ideas, William of Ockham asserted that one could not know God through reason and rationality. His philosophy is sometimes called nominalism, and he is now most famous for only one of his many ideas, what is called the principle of Ockham's Razor (or The Law of Parsimony): that the simplest explanation to any problem is the best explanation. Because of his views challenging papal supremacy, Ockham was charged with heresy in 1324. He fled to Bavaria, where he spent the remainder of his life. Ockham's Razor is one of many terms found in our loop, Who's What? William of Ockham Good entry from the Internet Encylopedia of Philosophy William of Ockahm: Dialogus Online texts and other materials for serious study William of Ockham The Catholic Encylopedia says he went too far William of Ockham Brief profile, but a nice list of other resources

5. William Of Ockham: William Of Ockham Shakespearean Greetings nantucketnavy.comhatteraslight.comClassicgreetings.comSEARCH William of ockham william of Ockham Discussion Deck. http://carolinanavy.com/fleet2/f2/zphilosophy/WilliamofOckhamhall/cas/1.html

William of Ockham: William of Ockham Discussion Deck If ye would like to moderate the William of Ockham Discussion Deck, please drop becket@jollyroger.com WRITER S WORD.COM: Open Source CMS][ ... The World's Largest Literary Cafe: Carolinanavy.com Posted by Miguel Angel Olmos on December 04, 1999 at 05:58:36: I would greatly appreciate if anybody out there know of any University that is offering a postgraduate work on William of Ockham works I'm interested in the state of California. I would greatly appreciate any information to this matter. Sincerely M.A.Olmos Follow Ups: Post a Followup Name: E-Mail: Subject: Comments: : I would greatly appreciate if anybody out there know of any University that is offering a postgraduate work on William of Ockham works I'm interested in the state of California. I would greatly appreciate any information to this matter. Sincerely M.A.Olmos Optional Link URL: Link Title: Optional Image URL: Follow Ups Post Followup William of Ockham Forum Frigate The Jolly Roger ... The World's Largest Literary Cafe : Carolinanavy.com ] Carolinanavy.com

6. Re: William Of Ockham: William Of Ockham (1280?-1347?) Re William of ockham william of Ockham (1280?1347?) Discussion Deck If ye wouldlike to moderate the William of Ockham (1280?-1347?) Discussion Deck, please http://carolinanavy.com/fleet2/f2/zphilosophy/WilliamofOckhamhall/cas/7.html

Re: William of Ockham: William of Ockham (1280?-1347?) Discussion Deck If ye would like to moderate the William of Ockham (1280?-1347?) Discussion Deck, please drop becket@jollyroger.com a line. WRITER S WORD.COM: Open Source CMS][ Free Open Source Blog Hosting ... The World's Largest Literary Cafe: Carolinanavy.com Posted by JT Paasch on May 18, 19102 at 20:58:56: In Reply to: William of Ockham posted by Miguel Angel Olmos on December 04, 1999 at 05:58:36: : I would greatly appreciate if anybody out there know of any University that is offering a postgraduate work on William of Ockham works I'm interested in the state of California. I would greatly appreciate any information to this matter. Sincerely M.A.Olmos Hey there, this probably isn't much use to you now, but it depends on what you want to study. If it's Ockham's political thought, then Cambridge and Oxford have some great names for that. If it's Ockham's theological/philosophical work, then probably Yale (with Marilyn McCord Adams of course) is the best. I too am asking the same question, so if you know of anything more than this, or perhaps have found something yourself since you posted your message, let me know! :) Follow Ups: Post a Followup Name: E-Mail: Subject: Comments: : : I would greatly appreciate if anybody out there know of any University that is offering a postgraduate work on William of Ockham works I'm interested in the state of California. I would greatly appreciate any information to this matter. Sincerely M.A.Olmos : Hey there, this probably isn't much use to you now, but it depends on what you want to study. If it's Ockham's political thought, then Cambridge and Oxford have some great names for that. If it's Ockham's theological/philosophical work, then probably Yale (with Marilyn McCord Adams of course) is the best. I too am asking the same question, so if you know of anything more than this, or perhaps have found something yourself since you posted your message, let me know! :)

7. Xrefer - Search Results - William Of Ockham ockham william of. ockham william of see William of Occam. The Oxford English ReferenceDictionary. Dictionary of British History. ockham william of 1285 1349. http://www.xrefer.com/results.jsp?shelf=&term=William of Ockham

8. Targets Of The Inquisition: William Of Ockham WILLIAM OF OCKHAM (12851347) William of Ockham, one of the Doctors ofthe Church, lived in England as a Franciscan theologian and writer. http://es.rice.edu/ES/humsoc/Galileo/Student_Work/Trial96/breu/ockham.html

W ILLIAM O F O CKHAM (1285-1347) William of Ockham, one of the Doctors of the Church, lived in England as a Franciscan theologian and writer. He developed a unique and controversial philosophy which trimmed much from Aristotle's system of the world. These radical beliefs made an enemy of John Lutterell, the chancellor of Oxford at the time. Lutterell sent a document to Pope John XII criticizing Ockham's work. Ockham was not officially condemned by the papal office at this juncture. Ockham later attacked John XII for errors in some of his papal bulls, going so far as to call him a heretic. He and two other friars fled to Italy (at this time the papacy was in Avaigion, France) and were excommunicated from the church. What is particularly interesting in the Galilean context is that while Ockham was persecuted, imprisioned, and finally excommunicated during his lifetime; he has since risen to such high regard in the church to be deemed a Doctor. Change within the churc h is slow, and often the ideas initially rejected by the Church may be gradually incorporated into its theological tradition, and enemies of the Church may become its new heroes. Back to: Contemporaries Back to: Main

9. William Of Ockham William of Ockham. Marilyn McCord Adams, William Ockham, 2 vol. (1987),discusses in detail his thinking on a variety of complex topics. http://wwwradig.informatik.tu-muenchen.de/~dressler/ockham.html

William of Ockham also called WILLIAM OCKHAM, Ockham also spelled OCCAM, byname VENERABILIS INCEPTOR (Latin: "Venerable Enterpriser"), or DOCTOR INVINCIBILIS ("Invincible Doctor"), (b. c. 1285, Ockham, Surrey?, Eng.d. 1347/49, Munich, Bavaria [now in Germany]), Franciscan philosopher, theologian, and political writer, a late scholastic thinker regarded as the founder of a form of nominalismthe school of thought that denies that universal concepts such as "father" have any reality apart from the individual things signified by the universal or general term. Early life Little is known of Ockham's childhood. It seems that he was still a youngster when he entered the Franciscan order. At that time a central issue of concern in the order and a main topic of debate in the church was the interpretation of the rule of life composed by St. Francis of Assisi concerning the strictness of the poverty that should be practiced within the order. Ockham's early schooling in a Franciscan convent concentrated on the study of logic; throughout his career, his interest in logic never waned, because he regarded the science of terms as fundamental and indispensable for practicing all the sciences of things, including God, the world, and ecclesiastical or civil institutions; in all his disputes logic was destined to serve as his chief weapon against adversaries.

10. William Of Ockham - Wikipedia Other languages Deutsch. William of Ockham. From Wikipedia, the freeencyclopedia. William of Ockham (ca. 12851349) was a Franciscan http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_of_Ockham

Main Page Recent changes Edit this page Older versions Special pages Set my user preferences My watchlist Recently updated pages Upload image files Image list Registered users Site statistics Random article Orphaned articles Orphaned images Popular articles Most wanted articles Short articles Long articles Newly created articles Interlanguage links All pages by title Blocked IP addresses Maintenance page External book sources Printable version Talk Log in Help Other languages: Deutsch William of Ockham From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. William of Ockham (ca. ) was a Franciscan friar and philosopher , in Ockham (near Ripley, Surrey), England. William devoted to a life to extreme poverty and minimalism. A pioneer of nominalism , some consider him the father of modern epistemology Dave Beckett of the University of Kent at Canterbury writes: "The medieval rule of parsimony, or principle of economy, frequently used by Ockham came to be known as Ockham's razor Summoned to Avignon , William fled and sought the the protection of Emperor Louis IV in Bavaria. After criticizing the pope, he may have been excommunicated, although historical sources vary.

11. William Of Ockham William of Ockham or Occam (c. 12851349) William of Ockham was oneof the most prominent philosophers of medieval Scholasticism. http://members.aol.com/Philosdog/Occam.html

William of Ockham [or Occam] (c. 1285-1349) William of Ockham was one of the most prominent philosophers of medieval Scholasticism . He is known today principally for a maxim we call "Ockham's razor": Entities are not to be multiplied without necessity. These aren't his own words, but he came up with the general idea which he expressed more obscurely: "It is vain to do with more what can be done with fewer." ["Frustra fit per flura quod fieri potest per pauciora."] In yet other words, if you can explain something without postulating some unnecessary theoretical entity, then do so. Perhaps you can see how such an idea not only goes against Platonic idealism, but also contains a "dangerous" suggestion of atheism! A more contemporary generalization of Ockham's razor is the "KISS" principle: Keep It Simple, Stupid! William of Ockham had a close shave with history. Few read his works so they stay a big mystery; Save one nice idea now named "Ockham's razor", And that's not from Bill, but a skilled paraphraser. JSH, "A Close Shave"

12. William Of Ockham William of ockham william of Ockham Ockham’s Theory of PropositionsWilliam of Ockham Ockham’s Theory of Terms, http://www.staugustine.net/williamofockham.html

Home Order William of Ockham

13. Karen's Favourite Philosophers William of Ockham (d. 1347) William of Ockham Ockham, William of Ockham, Williamof Scotus and Ockham on Free Will William of ockham william of Ockham and the http://lightning.prohosting.com/~shicoff/phil.html

14. British Academy - William Of Ockham: Dialogus An ongoing project to provide william of ockham's "Dialogus" in Latin and English. The Latin Category Society Philosophy Philosophers william of ockham Works......william of ockham Dialogus. LATIN TEXT AND ENGLISH TRANSLATION. edited byJohn Kilcullen, George Knysh, Volker Leppin, John Scott and Jan Ballweg. http://www.britac.ac.uk/pubs/dialogus/ockdial.html

home contact fellowship funding ... search Related pages: Auctores Britannici Medii Aevi General Author/Title Index Series Index Auctores Britannici Medii Aevi William of Ockham: Dialogus LATIN TEXT AND ENGLISH TRANSLATION edited by John Kilcullen, George Knysh, Volker Leppin, John Scott and Jan Ballweg under the auspices of the Medieval Texts Editorial Committee of the British Academy Ockham and the Dialogus Preface Table of Contents ... home

15. William Of Ockham William of Ockham. William of Ockham (c.13001349), the English philosopher,theologian, logician, political writer and Franciscan http://www.psc.edu/~deerfiel/Jokes/ockham.html

16. CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: William Of Ockham Biographical article on the fourteenth-century Franciscan philosopher.Category Society Philosophy Philosophers william of ockham...... william of ockham. Fourteenthcentury In his controversial writings williamof ockham appears as the advocate of secular absolutism. He denies http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15636a.htm

Home Encyclopedia Summa Fathers ... W > William of Ockham A B C D ... Z William of Ockham Fourteenth-century Scholastic philosopher and controversial writer, born at or near the village of Ockham in Surrey, England, about 1280; died probably at Munich, about 1349. He is said to have studied at Merton College, Oxford, and to have had John Duns Scotus for teacher. At an early age he entered the Order of St. Francis. Towards 1310 he went to Paris, where he may have had Scotus once more for a teacher. About 1320 he became a teacher (magister) at the University of Paris. During this portion of his career he composed his works on Aristotelean In his controversial writings William of Ockham appears as the advocate of secular absolutism. He denies the right of the popes to exercise temporal power, or to interfere in any way whatever in the affairs of the Empire. He even went so far as to advocate the validity of the adulterous marriage of Louis's son, on the grounds of political expediency, and the absolute power of the State in such matters. In philosophy William advocated a reform of Scholasticism both in method and in content. The aim of this reformation movement in general was simplification. This aim he formulated in the celebrated "Law of Parsimony", commonly called "Ockham's Razor": "Entia non sunt multiplicanda sine necessitate". With this tendency towards simplification was united a very marked tendency towards skepticism a distrust, namely, of the ability of the human mind to reach certitude in the most important problems of philosophy. Thus, in the process of simplification he denied the existence of intentional species, rejected the distinction between essence and existence, and protested against the Thomistic doctrine of active and passive intellect. His skepticism appears in his doctrine that human reason can prove neither the immortality of the soul nor the existence, unity, and infinity of

17. DEEP-ECOLOGY Dec97 Discussion: William Of Ockham William of Ockham. Here's a humble verse of mine on the subject . Thereonce was a William of Ockham whose razorlike logic could shock 'em. http://csf.colorado.edu/forums/deep-ecology/dec97/0014.html

William of Ockham Messages sorted by: [ date ] [ thread ] [ subject ] [ author ] Next message: rich coon: "Re: Ethical Imperatives" Previous message: Fran Hotchkiss: "Re: Ethical Imperatives" Tue, 9 Dec 1997 09:49:15 -0500 Dan Clark danclark108@mail.geocities.com Mike You mentioned Ockham's Razor. I too follow that path. Here's a humble verse of mine on the subject There once was a William of Ockham whose razor-like logic could shock 'em. He refused to accept a complex concept when a simple one got to the bottom. But let's remember that William was a Franciscan monk. In his philosophy of accepting only the necessary, he said that in the end the only necessity is God. So I would say that religion does not violate the law of the Razor. There are many who would disagree, and would see a contradiction between William's religiosity and his rejection of universals. Postmodern philosophers, especially Lyotard, often consider God to be just another "metanarrative" or myth (or universal) to be deconstructed.

18. William Of Ockham WILLIAM OF OCKHAM. born between 1290 and 1300 (Thomas Aquinas b. 1224,d. 1274). -entered Franciscan order (and was later assaulted http://www.victorshepherd.on.ca/Course/Philosophy/william_of_ockham.htm

WILLIAM OF OCKHAM -born between 1290 and 1300 (Thomas Aquinas: b. 1224, d. 1274). -entered Franciscan order (and was later assaulted by the pope for his defense of evangelical poverty.) -began studying theology at Oxford in 1310. -lectured on the bible 1315-1317; on Peter Lombard's Sentences -1319-1324: studied, wrote, and engaged in Scholastic disputations, one result of which was his philosophizing around the problem of universals. -died in Munich, of the Black Death, in 1349. Ockham knew Aristotle thoroughly (like Aquinas), but wanted to "correct" Aristotle wherever A's phil. limited in any way the freedom and power of God. To this end he attacked A's "realism" w.r.t. universals. Recall: -the theory of divine ideas looms large in Christian thought from Augustine to Aquinas. -Plato had spoken of eternal Forms or Ideas, distinct from God, that were the patterns or models of the created order, especially w.r.t. its intelligible structure -later Greek philosophers (e.g., Plotinus) located these Ideas in the divine mind. -then are these Ideas a "given" for God

19. William Of Ockham [Internet Encyclopedia Of Philosophy] Unsigned article in the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy.Category Society Philosophy Philosophers william of ockham......The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy william of ockham (d. 1347). Table of Contents(Clicking on the links below will take you to that part of this article) http://www.utm.edu/research/iep/o/ockham.htm

William of Ockham (d. 1347) Table of Contents (Clicking on the links below will take you to that part of this article) Life Writings Nominalism Nature of God ... Church and State Life William of Ockham, the Franciscan school man, nominalist, and " doctor invincibilis Back to Table of Contents Writings There is no complete edition of the works of Ockham, which can serve as an indicator of the disfavor into which he fell by his rebellious attitude. Although the numerous manuscripts and early printed editions testify to the interest which was felt in his writings. Under the head of philosophical works may be named the Expositio aurea et admodum utilis super totam artem veterem . This work, in the form of commentaries on Aristotle and Porphyry, contains Ockham's logic, epistemology, metaphysic, Summa logices, Qucestiones in octo libros physicorum, Summultv in libros physicorum, and two or three works still unprinted. The principal theological work is Quoestiones et decisiones in quatuor libros sententiarum . The first book is much fuller than the other three and is frequently found in manuscripts independent of them. This leads us to believe that Ockham published it before the other three and on a much larger scale. Other theological treatises are the Centiloquium theologicum , "embracing almost the whole of speculative theology under one hundred conclusions," which gives a interesting collection of instances of what rational theology might consider possible.

20. William Von Ockham Ein Artikel im Philosophenlexikon . http://www.philosophenlexikon.de/ockham.htm

Begriffe Abaelard - Ayer Baader - Byron Cabanis - Czezowski Ebbinghaus - Ewald ... Geschichte der Philosophie Diskussion PhilTalk Philosophieforen Andere Lexika PhilLex -Lexikon der Philosophie Lexikon der griechischen Mythologie PhiloThek Bibliothek der Klassiker Zeitschriftenlesesaal Nachschlagewerke Allgemeine Information ... Dokumentenlieferdienste Spiele Philosophisches Galgenraten PhilSearch.de Shops PhiloShop PhiloShirt Service Kontakt Impressum eMail William von Ockham (1285 - 1349) Der englische Philosoph und Logiker William von Ockham (auch Occam) war ein extremer Nominalist Zeichen. Neben den beiden wahr und falsch nahm Ockham einen dritten Wert unbestimmt Ockham lehnte die Meinung der Realisten Universalien geistige Wesenheiten sind und bezeichente sie als Termini, die Klassen von Objekten und Relationen bezeichnen. Die Welt besteht nach Ockham aus einzelnen Dingen. Verborgene In diesem Zusammenhang formulierte er ein wichtiges Prinzip: (entia non sunt multiplicanda praeter necessitatem), denn (frustra fit per plura, quod fierit potest per pauceriora). Man nennt dieses Prinzip Ockhamsches Rasiermesser , weil es dazu dient Platons Bart abzuschneiden.

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