21. Arabic Numerals Abu Mansur ibn tahir alBaghdadi (980-1037 AD) gave an interesting discussion of abundant numbers, deficient numbers, perfect numbers and equivalent http://www.arabicnumerals.cwc.net/

By M Erhayiem The IBM World Book Encyclopaedia raises the question as how the Arabic Numerals originated (!?) as appeared in an article contributed by Nadine L. Verderber, Ph.D., Prof. of Mathematics, Southern Illinois Univ., Edwardsville. The article states, as such, "Scholars do not know how Arabic numerals originated." "The Hindus developed the zero sometime after A.D. 600." The World Book Multimedia Encyclopaedia has largely ignored the work of the Scientists during the Islamic and the Arabic medieval era. The contributions of the Muslims and Arabs in the field of Mathematics were very significant. The great Harvard historian of science, Professor George Sarton wrote in his monumental Introduction to the History of Science[4]: "From the second half of the 8th to the end of the 11th century, Arabic was the scientific, the progressive language of mankind... When the West was sufficiently mature to feel the need of deeper knowledge, it turned its attention, first of all, not to the Greek sources, but to the Arabic ones." O'Connor and Robertson[2] published various articles about the contribution of those forgotten brilliance. Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khawarizmi Yaqub ibn Ishaq al-Kindi (801-873 A.D.), a Philosopher and Mathematician, who wrote many works on arithmetic, including: the numbers, relative quantities, measuring proportion and time, and numerical procedures. He also wrote on space and time.

22. Encyclopædia Britannica Abu Mansur ibn tahir AlBaghdadi University of St.Andrews, Scotland Brief introductionto the life and works of this tenth century mathematician and theologian http://www.britannica.com/search?query=farabi, al-&ct=igv&fuzzy=N&show=10&start=

23. Abaqat Al-Anwar one who has written a book on the topic of the chains of transmission (turuq) ofthis tradition is al­Hafiz Abu al­Fadl Muhammad ibn tahir al­Maqdisi (448 http://www.al-islam.org/thaqalayn/nontl/Abaqat.htm

A Study of Its Tawatur Among Sunni authors one who has written a book on the topic of the chains of transmission ( turuq (ii, 82), and [Hyderabad]). in the twelfth part of his great work mujtahid who wrote five books refuting various chapters of the (1215/1800), a refutation of the fifth chapter of the Tuhfah regarding theological issues; a refutation of the seventh chapter concerning the Shi`i doctrine of Imamate; (Calcutta, 1215/1800), a refutation of the sixth chapter of the Tuhfah concerning prophethood; (1281/1864), a refutation of the eighth chapter of the a refutation of the twelfth chapter. who wrote in six big volumes, as refutation of all the chapters of the Tuhfah. 3. `Allamah Mirza Muhammad ibn 'Inayat Ahmad Khan Kashmiri Dehlawi (d. 1235/1820), who wrote fi in twelve volumes, of which the first, third, fourth, fifth and seventh volumes were published (1255/ 1839) and others remained incomplete. 4. Mawlawi Hasan ibn Aman Allah Dehlawi `Azimabadi (d. c. 1260/ 1844), who wrote as a refutation of all the chapters of the Tuhfah.

24. Saudi Arabia Hotel Search Mr. Abdullah ibn tahir AlDabbagh. Dr. Falih Ibn Zaid Al-Falih. Mr. Abdullahibn tahir Al-Dabbagh, Member; Mr. Abdullah Ibn Muhammad Al-Huqail, Member; http://www.saudia-online.com/Shura Council.htm

Saudi Arabia Non-JavaScript Table of Contents Table Of Contents Home Page Advertising ... Consultative Council Consultative Council HOME Events Saudi Arabia ISP About Saudi Arabia ... Privacy Policy Search this site This Site The Web Home Quick Links Arabic Newspapers Arabic Radio and TV Arabic Chat Arabic Cuisine ... Shopping New Coming Soon Shop in Riyadh Shop in Jeddah Shop in Dahran Shop in Al Jubail Shop in Dammam Shop in Al Khubar Browse Community Now! New users Signup! Email login: Password: New users Signup! Council of Ministers Consultative Council MAJLIS AL SHURA (CONSULTATIVE COUNCIL) The primary function of MAJLIS Al-SHURA is to advise the King on issues of importance to the nation. Its members, appointed by the King for a four-year renewable term, represent the spectrum of Saudi society. King Fahd personally inaugurated the first session of the new Council on December 29, 1993. This council consisted of 60 members in addition to the chairman. On July 5, 1997, King Fahd decreed an increase in membership, and the council now consists of a chairman and 90 members. Chairman of the Shura Council - Bio Deputy Chairman of the Shura Council - Bio Secretary General of the Shura Council - Bio List of Shura Council Members Continuing for a Second Term ... List of Members of the Eight Shura Committees CHAIRMAN OF THE CONSULTATIVE COUNCIL Muhammad Ibn Ibrahim Ibn Uthman Ibn Jubair DOB: 1929 POB: Majma`ah EDUCATION: Degree of Islamic Law, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah.

25. The Time Of Al-razi The Book of the Creation and History formerly ascribed to him was reallywritten in 966 by Mutahhar ibn tahir alMaqdisi (qv, next chapter). http://www.levity.com/alchemy/islam15.html

History of Islamic Science 4 Based on the book Introduction to the History of Science by George Sarton (provided with photos and portraits) Edited and prepared by Prof. Hamed A. Ead These pages are edited by Prof. Hamed Abdel-reheem Ead, Professor of Chemistry at the Faculty of Science -University of Cairo, Giza, Egypt and director of the Science Heritage Center E-mail: ead@frcu.eun.eg Web site: http://www.frcu.eun.eg/www/universities/html/hamed2.htm Back to Islamic Alchemy The Time of Al-Mas'udi First Half of Tenth Century The overwhelming superiority of Muslim culture continued to be felt throughout the tenth century. Indeed, it was felt more strongly than over, not only the foremost men of science were Muslims, but also because cultural influences are essentially cumulative. By the beginning, or at any rate by the middle of the century, the excellence of muslim science was already so well established, even in the West, that each new arabic work benefited to some extent by the prestige pertaining to all. To be sure, other languages, such as Latin, Greek, or Hebrew were also used by scholars, but the works written in those languages contained nothing new, and in the field of science, as in any other, when one ceases to go forward, one already begins to go backward. All the new discoveries and the new thoughts were published in arabic. strangely enough, the language of the Qur'an had thus become the international vehicle of scientific progress. The development of Muslim culture was fostere in Spain by the eighth Umayyad caliph of the west, Abd al-Rahman II, the advances of Muslim science continued to take place almost extensively in the east.

26. History Of Islamic Science - The Time Of Abu-l-wafa Muslim Mathematics and Astronomy. MUTAHHAR ibn tahir Mutahhar ibn tahir alMaqdisi(or al-Muqaddasi), ie, the native or inhabitant of the Holy City. http://www.levity.com/alchemy/islam16.html

History of Islamic Science 5 Based on the book Introduction to the History of Science by George Sarton (provided with photos and portraits) Edited and prepared by Prof. Hamed A. Ead These pages are edited by Prof. Hamed Abdel-reheem Ead, Professor of Chemistry at the Faculty of Science -University of Cairo, Giza, Egypt and director of the Science Heritage Center E-mail: ead@frcu.eun.eg Web site: http://www.frcu.eun.eg/www/universities/html/hamed2.htm Back to Islamic Alchemy The Time of Abu-l-Wafa Second Half of Tenth Century The period which we have just tried to analyze, and then to reconstruct, was on the whole one of comparative rest. There was no retrogression, but the advance of mankind, which had been so vigorously accelerated during the ninth century through the youthful energy of Islam, was then distinctly slowed up. It is not the first time that we thus witness a momentary quieting down of human activity; on the contrary, we have already had occasion to observe many such periods of fallow. e. g., the first half of the second century B. C., the second half of the fifth, the second half of the sixth, the second half of the seventh, the first half of the eighth. But in each case the slowing up was followed by a new acceleration. To come back to the second half of the tenth century, we shall see presently that it was a period of renewed activity in almost every field; the partial fallowness of the first half of the century was thus amply rewarded by more abundant crops and mankind was able to make a few more leaps forward.

27. Sunni Revival; A Slow Trickle That Grew Into A Raging River (www.islaam.org.uk) Among these scholars was Ali ibn tahir asSulami (431-500 AH), a Shafi'eejurist. He stood up against the Crusader-led annihilation http://www.sunnahonline.com/ilm/seerah/0049.htm

Home Knowledge History of Islâm ... Later Scholars Sunni Revival; A Slow Trickle that Grew into a Raging River Muhammad al-Abdah Taken from al-Jumuah Magazine Ramadhaan 1420 Issue In 492 A.H. (1099 C.E), the Western Crusaders had arrived at the city of Jerusalem. Tens of thousands of Muslims were killed, including children and women. They were slaughtered at the hands of these Crusaders in an ugly massacre. In 493 A.H., these same invaders annihilated the residents of both Haifa and Beirut. The following cities were also evacuated: Ramlah, Beisan and Tayariyyah. As a consequence, the people ran away to the interior regions of ash-Sham. The news of this tradegy arrived at the Islamic captial, Baghdad, but the response was weak. The leaders of the kingdoms in ash-Sham were busy with their own personal affairs and feared for their own individual small kingdoms. The Ismaeli State and the Fatimids in Cairo did not care very much, but rather they cooperated with these invaders later on. The journey to return to the land and free it from the invaders was slow. It was similar to streams of water that flow from different places, gathering to form springs whcih gather to form a stormy river. In an effort to stand up to these invaders, Muslim scholars worked to spread a spirit of resistance among the people. They worked on bringing the people back to the Sunnah after the serious attempts of the Fatamid's State to spread their corrupt Ismaeli ideas.

28. Alibris - Find Your Favorite Authors And Books At Alibris. Ibn Sulayman. Ibn Sultan. Ibn Suud. Ibn Tabataba. Ibn Taghribirdi. ibn tahir.ibn tahir Al Baghdadi. Ibn Tanaf. Ibn Tarhuni. Ibn Tawus. Ibn Taymiyah. Ibn Taymiyh. http://www.alibris.com/authors/authors0151.html

Ibn Arabshah Ibn Arabshoh Ibn Arafah Al Warghami Ibn Arbashah Ibn Arabshah Ibn Arabshoh Ibn Arafah Al Warghami Ibn Arbashah ... Ilia Simanenkov

29. 'Amr, Mosque Of The earliest mosque from which any remains survive belongs to thereconstruction of 827 carried out by 'Abd Allah ibn tahir. The http://archnet.org/library/dictionary/entry.tcl?entry_id=DIA0018&mode=full

30. Mad7. Susi. Abu Muhammad alFahsili, Muhammad ibn tahir ibn Tawus and a groupof peopel from Fes and Ceuta and some Andalusians. His fatwas http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/ABewley/mad7.html

Abu 'Imran al-Fasi (d. 403/1012), prominent Maliki faqih of Qayrawan His full name was Musa ibn 'Isa ibn Abi Hajj ibn Wulaym ibn al-Khayr al-Ghafjumi. Ghafjum is a branch of the Zanata tribe. However, as-Samantari said that it is part of the tribe of Hawara. His family came from Fes and were well-known there. They were known as the Banu Abu Hajj. He lived in Qayrawan and obtained leadership in knowledge there. He learned fiqh in Qayrawan with Abu'l-Hasan al-Qabisi, and he listened there to Abu Bakr ad-Duwayli and 'Ali ibn Ahmad al-Lawwati as-Susi. He travelled to Cordoba where he studied fiqh with Abu Muhammad al-Asili. He listened to Abu 'Uthman Sa'id ibn Nasr, 'Abdu'l-Warith ibn Sufyan, Ahmad ibn Qasim and others. Then he travelled to the east and went on hajj and went to Iraq and listened to Abu'l-Fath ibn Abi'l-Fawaris, Abu'l-Hasan 'Ali ibn Ibrahim al-Mustamli, Abu'l-Hasan ibn al-Khadr, Abu Ahmad al-Fardi, Abu't-Tayyib al-Muhammadi, Abu'l-'Abbas al-Kawkhi, Abu'l-Hasan ibn al-Hammami al-Muqri', Abu'l-Husayn ibn ar-Radk, Abu'l-Hasan ibn al-Muhamali, Abu 'Abdullah ibn Bakr ar-Razi, Abu'l-Qasim as-Safri, Abu 'Abdullah al-Ja'fi the Qadi, Abu Ahmad ibn Jami' ad-Dahhan, Hilal al-Haffar, Abu'l-Husayn ibn al-Mufaddal al-'Attar and others. He studied the usul with Qadi Abu Bakr al-Baqillani and met a group of scholars.

31. Www.lib.virginia.edu/area-studies/MiddleEast/Cairo/2000/l2000-060 German orientalism; Arabic poetry; to 622; history and criticism; Arabic poetry;study and teaching. 4 LCN 99904657 Khuwayyi, Yusuf ibn tahir, Fara'id al http://www.lib.virginia.edu/area-studies/MiddleEast/Cairo/2000/l2000-060

From cairo@loc.gov Mon Jan 24 02:49:15 2000 From: "Library of Congress, Cairo"

32. Forms Of `Id-greeting: Companions' Way alSuyuti, in *Wusul al-amani bi-usul al-tahani* (printed in *al-Hawi li-l-fatawa,1126), said, Zahir ibn tahir recorded in *Kitab tuhfat `Id al-Fitr*, and http://www.islamworld.net/eidgreet.html

forms of `Id-greeting: Companions' way >" 1.1. It was recorded by Ibn `Adi, in *al-Kamil fi du`afa' al-rijal* (6:271: under #1755Muhammad ibn Ibrahim al-Shami). 1.2. It was recorded by al-Bayhaqi, in *al-Sunan al-kubra* (3:319). 1.3. It was quoted by Ibn Hajar, in *Fath al-Bari* (2:446:under #952), from Ibn `Adi. Ibn `Adi, al-Bayhaqi, and Ibn Hajar showed that it is inauthentic, because its isnad-s include Muhammad ibn Ibrahim al-Shami who was judged as not trustworthy. == 2. hadith transmitted via isnad to `Ubadah ibn al-Samit, may Allah be pleased with him: . . . from `Ubadah ibn al-Samit, may Allah be pleased with him, he said, "I asked the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him [and his House] and give them peace, about the saying of people in the two `Id-s: taqabbala Allahu minna wa minkum (may Allah accept from us, and from you? He said

33. Muslim Rulers 1063). Andalusian Arab family. Abu Bakr ibn tahir (10381063); Abuabd al-Rahman al-Tahir (1063-1078. Annexed by Seville (1078-1091) http://www.balagan.org.uk/war/0711/rulers_muslim.htm

Muslim Rulers The Umayyad state Emirs Abd al-Rahman I Hisham I Al-Hakam I Abd al-Rahman II Muhammad I Al-Mundir Abd Allah Abd al-Rahman III Caliphs Abd al-Rahman III (929-961) Al-Hakam II al-Mustansir (961-976) Hisham II al-Muayyad (976-1009, 1010-1013) Muhammad II al-Mahdi (1008-1010). A great-grand-son of Abd al-Rahman III. Sulayman ibn al-Hakan ibn Sulayman al-Mustain (1009-1010, 1013-1016) Alí ibn Hammud (1016-1018) Abd al-Rahman IV (1018) Al-Qasim ibn Hammud (1018-1021, 1023) Yahya ibn Alí ibn Hammud (1021-1023, 1025-1027) Abd al-Rahman V (1023-1024) Muhammad III (1024-1025) Hisham III (1027-1031) Viziers of note: Muhammad Al-Mansur ibn Abi Amir (976-1002) Adb al-Malik Al-Muzaffar (1002-1008) Taifa Kingdoms This is a list of most of the Taifa Kingdoms (Collins, 1983; Fletcher, 1992; Menéndez, 1934; Kennedy, 1996). I can't guarantee if it is complete. I've taken the Arabic names for the Tailfas from the excellent Al-Andalus site. Albarracin (Sahla Banu Razin) The modern name of Albarracin is based on the name of the original rulers. Also called Santa Maria de Oriente.

34. Al-Albani Unveiled: Conclusion And Bibliogrpahy (18) ibn tahir alBaghdadi, al-Farq bayn al-firaq, (Moslem Schisms andSects), vol. 2, Trans. Halkin, AS; Porcupine Press, Philadelphia. http://65.39.144.73/ISLAM/misc/alconc.htm

Al-Albani Unveiled Conclusion and Bibliography By the will of Allah As far as I know at the time of writing this short exposition, al-Albani has not taken much heed to correct his errors let alone make aware to his readership his mistakes - as well as their necessary rectifications. I say this because even at the time of writing, his supporters in England are still quoting his "authentications" of Hadith in various books that have been translated into English. I have noticed quite surprisingly that most of his followers are still oblivious of the fact that Shaykh Saqqaf has publicised al-Albani's errors; even though Shaykh Saqqaf's books have been available in Jordan (and other countries) for more than two years! And my last word on this subject are in the words of Imam Muhammad ibn Sirin (d. 110 AH; Rahimahullah, vide: Mishkatul-Masabih, 1/273, on the authority of Imam Muslim): "Verily this knowledge is the knowledge of religion. You must carefully see from whom you are receiving the knowledge of your religion."

35. Abdullah Ibn Saba ibn tahir al-Baghdadi). http://club.euronet.be/mous.bar/IbnSaba.html

NOTE DU TRADUCTEUR SALAM. Nous prévenons nos futures lecteurs et internautes que cette encyclopédie a fait l'objet d'une traduction a un niveau amateur. Nous vous conseillons dés lors de vous référez au texte originale anglais à l'adresse suivante : http://www.al-islam.org/encyclopedia/ Néanmoins cette essai de traduction permettra avec l'aide de Dieu (sw) de retrouver de nombreux Hadith et références Incha Allah. Encyclopédie AHL UL BAYT Version 1.5 Contenu du Chapitre 10 : - Abdulhah Ibn Saba (Chapitre I à V) - Kaab al-Ahbar (Parties 1 à III) en cour de traduction INDEX Introduction. L'origine du Conte(Ibn Saba) Qui Est Sayf ? Qu'est-ce que les Savants Sunnite disent Au sujet de Sayf ? ... HOME Abdullah Ibn Saba. (Partie I) L'existence d'une personne dont le nom d'Abdulhah Ibn Saba dans l'histoire des premiers temps de l'Islam, est sérieusement remise en question, En fait il s'est très clairement avérée, après des recherches sur cet homme portant un tel nom, n'aurait en fait jamais existé en ce temps là ni en un autre. Les histoires propagées au sujet de ce personnage légendaire sont fausses, fictifs, fabriquées de toute pièce. Pour tout dire il n'existe aucune preuve valide de toutes ces histoires a attaché à lui. Ce sera le point de mire dans ce qui suit, Par la volonté d'Allah (swt). RETOUR MENU Introduction La fabrication d'histoires concernant Abdulhah Ibn Saba est le pur produit d'un esprit malin, disciples du diable, à savoir Sayf Ibn Omar al-Tamimi. Il était compteur d'histoire, vivant au deuxième siècle de l'Hégire façonnant ses histoires par quelques faits fondamentaux puisées dans des documents historiques sur l'Islam, disponible en ce temps là. Sayf Ibn Omar fit de même que Salman Rushdi (mDl) qui fit " les Verset " Sataniques avec des motifs similaire, à la différence qu'ici le rôle de Satan fut de fournir dans ce cas un certain Abdulhah Ibn Saba .

36. Bielade's Webpage Ahmed ibn Yusuf alMisri. Abu Mansur ibn tahir Al-Baghdadi. al-Abbasibn Said Al-Jawhari. Abu Yusuf Yaqub ibn Ishaq al-Sabbah Al-Kindi. http://vision.senecac.on.ca/~bbenjami/

Bielade Ben Jamil's webpage Palestine Creators of Mathematics Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Musa "Al-Khwarizmi": "Algorithm!!" Creator of ALGEBRA Ahmed ibn Yusuf al-Misri Abu Mansur ibn Tahir Al-Baghdadi al-Abbas ibn Said Al-Jawhari Abu Yusuf Yaqub ibn Ishaq al-Sabbah Al-Kindi ... Banu Musa brothers under construction Creators of Physics.... School Stuff Visual Basic EJB

37. ABULFARAJ From Bagdad he visited Khorassan, where he enjoyed the favour of 'Abdallahibn tahir. About 845 he was in Ma'arrat unNu'man, where he met Buhturi. http://26.1911encyclopedia.org/A/AB/ABULFARAJ.htm

document.write(""); ABULFARAJ ABU TAMMAM—ABYDOS See EGYPT; J. H. Breasted, Ancient Records, -Egypt, vol. iii. pp. 124 et seq., esp. 212; "The Temples of Lower Nubia," in the American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures, October 1906. (F. LL. G.) See Life in Ibn Khallikan's Biographical Dictionary, trans. by M'G. de Slane (Paris.and London, 1842), vol. i. pp. 348 ff.; and in the Kitdb ul-Aghani (Book of Songs) of Abulfaraj (Bulaq, 1869), vol. xv. pp. 100-108. (G. W. T.) ABUTILON (from the Arabic aubtiilltin, a name given by Avicenna to this or an allied genus), in botany, a genus of plants, natural order Malvaceae (Mallows), containing about eighty species, and widely distributed in the tropics. They are free-growing shrubs with showy bell-shaped flowers, and are favourite greenhouse plants. They may be grown outside in England during the summer months, but a few degrees of frost is fatal to them. They are readily propagated from cuttings taken in the spring or at the end of the summer. A large number of horticultural varieties have been developed by hybridization, some of which have a variegated foliage. ABUTMENT, a construction in stone or brickwork designed to receive and resist the lateral pressure of an arch, vault or strut. When built outside a wall it is termed a buttress.

38. The Summary Of ^Abdullah Al-Harariyy also included. The original book was written by the Hadramiyy faqih(scholar) ^Abdullah Ibn Husayn ibn tahir. Many precious issues http://www.aicp.org/IslamicInformation/English/TheSummaryofAbdullahalHarariyy.ht

Click here to download as Word format for printing The Summary of ^Abdullah al-Harariyy Ensuring the Personal Obligatory Knowledge of the Religion Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds, to Him belong the endowments and proper commendations. May Allah increase the honor of Prophet Muhammad, sallallahu ^alayhi wa sallam, raise his rank, and protect his nation from what he fears for it. Thereafter; FOREWORD Allah, the Exalted, praised the status of knowledge in Surat Mujadilah, Ayah 11: which means: [ Allah raises the ranks of those amongst you who believed and acquired the knowledge. O Aba Dhar, if you go and learn one verse of the Qur'an it will be more rewardable for you than praying one hundred rak^ahs of the optional prayers; and if you go and learn a chapter of the knowledge, it is more rewardable for you than praying one thousand rak^ahs of the optional prayers. When the [Muslim] son of Adam dies, his deeds stop except for three: a charity resulting in a continuing benefit, a knowledge benefiting others, and a pious offspring making supplication to Allah for him. In an effort to comply with these precious principles of Islam and under the genuine guidance and supervision of Shaykh Samir al-Qadi, the members of the Research Division of the Association of Islamic Charitable Projects endeavored to prepare this work. May Allah make it of a widespread benefit.

39. The Explanation Of The ^Aqidah Of Ibn^Asakir He also learned from his uncle, alHafidh Abul-Qasim, Sharafud-Din ^Abdullah IbnMuhammad Ibn Abu ^Asrun, Asma' Bint Muhammad Ibn al-Hasan ibn tahir and her http://www.aicp.org/IslamicInformation/English/TheExplanationofTheAqidahofIbnAsa

Explanation: Bismillahir-Rahmanir Rahim means I start with the name of Allah, or my beginning is with the name of Allah. Ar-Rahman means the One Who is extremely merciful to the believers and the blasphemers in this world and to the believers exclusively in the next world. Ar-Rahim means the One Who is extremely merciful to the believers. Shaykh Fakhrud-Din Ibn ^Asakir, may Allah have mercy upon him, said: Explanation: The author is Fakhrud-Din Abu Mansur ^Abdur-Rahman Ibn Muhammad Ibn al-Hasan Ibn Hibatullah Ibn ^Abdullah Ibn al-Husayn ad-Dimashqiyy, known as Ibn ^Asakir, the famous Shafi^iyy faqih (great scholar). The known faqih and historian, Abu Shamah, said: None of his paternal grandfathers was named ^Asakir even though they were well-known by this name at home. ^Asakir, possibly, is a name of some of his maternal grandfathers." He is the nephew of Abul-Qasim ^Aliyy Ibn al-Hasan Ibn Hibatullah Ibn ^Asakir, the Damascene scholar and memorizer of hadith. He was born in the year 550 AH (as he wrote with his own hand), in an honorable and grand house. He, may Allah have mercy on him, paid close attention to obtaining knowledge at a young age. He learned the knowledge of the Religion from Qutbud-Din, Mas^ud An-Naysaburiyy, whose daughter Ibn ^Asakir later married. He also learned from his uncle, al-Hafidh Abul-Qasim, Sharafud-Din ^Abdullah Ibn Muhammad Ibn Abu ^Asrun, Asma' Bint Muhammad Ibn al-Hasan Ibn Tahir and her sister, Aminah, among others.

40. Encyclopedia Of The Rulers Of Egypt Abdullah ibn tahir Ibn alHussein, from Rabei Awwal 211H/June 826 AC to Ragab 212H/October827AC, Eissan Ibn Yazid al-Gloudi, from Zel Queida 213 H/April 829 http://www.sis.gov.eg/rulers/html/en07.htm

Pharaonic Egypt Alexander the Great and Ptolemy The Romans The Byzantines ... The Tulunids The Abbasids ruled from 133H/750AC to 656H/1258AC. They were the descendents of al-Abbass, uncle of Prophet Mohammed (peace be upon him). They collaborated with the Alawis and other factions to turn over the Umayyad empire. Abu al-Abbas Ibn Abdullah Ibn Mohammed Ibn Ali Ibn Abdullah Ibn Abbas, known as al-Saffah, the bucher, was announced the caliph in al-Kofa. The final combat between the Umayyads and the Abbasids took place in 132H/750AC and resulted in ending the Umayyads empire. The Abbasids built Baghdad at the Degla River as their capital. It was an important trade center. The establishment of the Abbasids Empire caused far reaching political, social and cultural impacts in all over the Islamic empire. The Abbasids Empire reached its culmination under Haroun al-Rashid. After his death, seditions spread, the matter that weakened the empire till the Mongols invaded it and exterminated the Abbasids dynasty in 656H/1258AC. Over those events, Egypt remained to be one of the most important and the richest and strongest states. Some rulers tried to get Egypt independent from the central regime in Baghdad as happened under Ahmed Ibn Toloun and al-Akhsheed. The Abbasids installed the following rulers in Egypt:

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z

Page 2     21-40 of 98    Back | 1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | 5  | Next 20