41. Rene Descartes An outline of the significance of rene descartes' philosophy in the Enlightenment. http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/ENLIGHT/DESCARTE.HTM

Cogito, ergo sum , "I think, therefore I am." From that point onwards in European culture, subjective truth would hold a higher and more important epistemological place than objective truth, skepticism would be built into every inquiry, method would hold a higher place than practice, and the mind would be separated from the body. Enlightenment Reader Discourse on Method 2 and 4 In his book, Discourse on Method Descartes outlines his skepticism, his method for inquiring into the truth, and his arrival at his famous conclusion (called the cogito , after the first word in the Latin sentence). However, these achievements obscure the crucial role Descartes played in practically every other area of the Enlightenment. Descartes was a pretty smart fellow who established several patterns for modern Europe to follow: he laid down the idea that the thinking mind was somehow more real than the body in which it is housed (this is called the Cartesian mind-body split); he established that emotions were due to the overall nature of the character of the individualcalled Cartesian affect (i.e., emotion) theory: this would become the basis of things like music education, which attempted to develop the character by producing certain emotions in students, a kind of Beethoven emotion work-out; he established the supremacy of the observer over the things he observed.

42. Descartes' MEDITATIONS ON FIRST PHILOSOPHY. by rene descartes. Search the Meditations. TABLEOF CONTENTS. Letter of Dedication. Preface. Synopsis. Meditation 1 Meditation 2 http://oregonstate.edu/instruct/phl302/texts/descartes/meditations/meditations.h

Meditations on First Philosophy MEDITATIONS ON FIRST PHILOSOPHY by Rene Descartes Search the Meditations TABLE OF CONTENTS Letter of Dedication Preface Synopsis Meditation 1 ... Meditation 6

43. René Descartes. The 17th Century French Philosopher And Mathematician. A Brief Brief outline of descartes' life and achievements, with some interesting sidenotes. http://members.tripod.com/s_kichu/descartes.html

Home Snippets Jokes Art of living ... Net Tantra Who is Descartes? Why the big deal? He could be quite justifiably called the Father of Modern Philosophy. Descartes is regarded as the bridge between scholasticism and other schools of philosophy that followed. He provided a link to physics and philosophy. It was he who developed the'X','Y' and 'Z' coordinates to locate a point in 2 or 3 dimentions. We also owe the analytical geometry to him (Quite naturally, dont we know that!) Thanks to him you are able to use algebra and calculus to solve geometrical problems. In addition to the convention of exponent notation, his other contribution to Algebra is the treatment of Nagative Roots. Tell us something about his philosophy. He asserted that thinking is the sole aim, meaning and purpose of living! This (in my opinion) is opposed to "Hedonism" which believes in pleasure as the sole aim of humankind. His theory in a nutshell is 'cogito ergo sum' meaning,'I think, therefore I am' He developed a dualistic theory of mind (conscious experience) and matter. His approach was of fundamental importance in the developement of modern philosophy ,especially

44. Rene Descartes At Erratic Impact's Philosophy Research Base rene descartes, rationalist philosopher at Erratic Impact's PhilosophyResearch Base. The French philosopher, mathematician, and http://www.erraticimpact.com/~modern/html/modern_rene_descartes.htm

Modern Index New Book Search General Resources Francis Bacon ... George Berkeley Rene Descartes Galileo Galilei Thomas Hobbes David Hume Immanuel Kant ... Rationalists Five Basic Works on Rationalism by Rene Descartes Descartes : An Intellectual Biography by Stephen Gaukroger Descartes : His Life and Thought by Genevieve Rodis-Lewis, Jane Marie Todd (Translator) Rene Descartes Texts: Descartes Used Books: Descartes Descartes' Online Texts Know of a Resource? ... René Descartes: Biography Biography by Peter Landry at blupete.com. Excerpt: Descartes was a product of the church and his philosophy reflected the times in which he lived. Descartes was a dualist , viz., a man was of two natures, a spiritual nature and a temporal nature. Now whether this was a belief held deeply, might be a matter of some question, what is clear is that he would have professed his beliefs, such, that, they were in keeping with the doctrine of the time, as promulgated by the all powerful church. As a dualist, Descartes, would have accepted that there exists

45. Rene Descartes Translate this page rene descartes. rene descartes (lateinische Form Renatus Cartesius)wurde am 31.März 1596 in La Haye, Touraine geboren und starb http://www.chemie.uni-bremen.de/stohrer/biograph/descarte.htm

Rene Descartes nach Stockholm. Rationalismus "Cogito ergo sum" - Ich denke also bin ich Rationalismus Francis Bacon Von der im "cogito ergo sum" denkende Substanz (res cogitans) und die Im Geiste des christlichen Neuplatonismus glaubte Descartes an "certa et determinata quantitas" ). So folgerte Descartes in den 'Principia Philosophiae' von 1644 aus der Vollkommenheit Gottes die Erhaltung der Bewegung m v m v , sondern eine "Kraft" Aus dem Erhaltungssatz suchte Descartes nun unter Zuhilfenahme weiterer Gesetze (z.B. des Christiaan Huygens Als seine wichtigste Entdeckung hat Descartes seine 'mathesis universalis' angesehen. Gemeint ist die von Francois Vieta (1540 - 1603) als 'algebra speciosa' Huygens

46. Descartes, Rene. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001 2001. descartes, René. descartes’ methodology was a major influence in thetransition from medieval science and philosophy to the modern era. 1. Life. http://www.bartleby.com/65/de/Descarte.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Columbia Encyclopedia See also: Descartes Collection PREVIOUS NEXT CONTENTS ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. (r n KEY ) , Lat.

47. Descartes, Rene. The American Heritage® Dictionary Of The English Language: Fou descartes, rene. The American Heritage® Dictionaryof the English Language Fourth Edition. 2000. http://www.bartleby.com/61/59/D0155900.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference American Heritage Dictionary descant ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. SYLLABICATION: PRONUNCIATION d DATES: French mathematician, philosopher, and scientist who is considered the father of analytic geometry and the founder of modern rationalism. His main works

48. Descartes Translate this page descartes, rene du Perron. rene descartes wurde am 31. März 1596 in La Hayegeboren, war 1606 - 1614 Schüler des Jesuitenkollegs in La Fleche. http://www.mathe.tu-freiberg.de/~hebisch/cafe/descartes.html

Descartes, Rene du Perron kartesisches Koordinatensystem S = 2*pi*(e - k + f). Euler bewiesenen) Eulerschen Polyederformel (e - k + f = 2) ergibt sich daher S = 4*pi.

49. Descartes, Rene descartes, rene. Profile. descartes, rene (15961650). French philosopher,scientist, and mathematician. At a time when the http://web.sfc.keio.ac.jp/~masanao/Mosaic_data/descartes.html

Descartes, Rene Profile DESCARTES, Rene (1596-1650) French philosopher, scientist, and mathematician. At a time when the intellectual movements of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance had become moribund, he conceived fresh programs for philosophy and science and elaborated and defended them with great originality and brilliance. Descartes founded modern philosophical rationalism and had a profound and pervasive influence on subsequent philosophers of all schools. He was among the first to construe philosophy as providing a necessary foundation for science and, rejecting the traditional contemplative ideal, to regard science as a means of acquiring mastery over nature for the benefit of mankind. In addition to being an innovator in philosophy, he was one of the creators of mathematical physics, the inventor of analytic geometry, and an important figure in the histories of optics, physiology, and other branches of science. Science and sapience

50. René Descartes Cogito ergo sum. . rene descartes was the third child of a wellÐoff noble family.His mother died a few days after his birth, and he was a frail child. http://scidiv.bcc.ctc.edu/Math/Descartes.html

born: March 31, 1596 in France died: February 11, 1650 in Sweden This one thing [analytic geometry] is of the highest order of excellence, marked by the sensuous simplicity of the half dozen or so greatest contributions of all time to mathematics. Descartes remade geometry and made modern geometry possible. (E. T. Bell) Inventor of analytic and coordinate geometry. Cartesian coordinates. Philosopher. Dreamer. Soldier. Scientist. Skeptic. "Cogito ergo sum." By 18 Descartes was quite healthy, and he left school to begin leading the life of a "gentleman" in Paris. He seems to have found wine, women and gambling amusing for awhile, but he soon retired to a quiet suburb for 2 years to think. When his wilder friends finally found him, he decided to find another quiet place a war in Germany. On November 10, 1619 while the army was at its winter quarters near the Danube, Descartes had the most remarkable "dream" in the history of science. He reported a number of episodes in the dream, and one of them is usually believed to be the application of algebra to geometry and the beginning of analytic and coordinate geometry. Descartes remained a soldier for another 2 years and was even offered a lieutenant generalship. He then retired to Paris to think about the problems of "What can we know?" and "How can we know it?" . His first knowable fact was that of is own existence: "Cogito ergo sum." ("I think, therefore I am.") Descartes was still in Holland happily gardening, thinking and writing when 19Ðyear-old Queen Christina of Sweden decided that she must have him as a tutor in philosophy and mathematics. She sent a ship to fetch him to the court, but he kept the admiral waiting for several months before finally leaving for Sweden in the Fall of 1649. Christina was one of those people who did everything at a gallop. She ate little, needed little sleep, and was not bothered by the cold and she expected those around her to do likewise. Descartes managed to not live at the court, but Christina scheduled their philosophy class for 5 am each day, even in the cold, dark northern Winter. Descartes died the next February of an inflammation of the lungs.

51. Rene Descartes Mystical World Wide Web rene descartes. (15961650). rene descartesis labelled as the first modern philosopher. Born in La Haye http://www.mystical-www.co.uk/descarte.htm

Mystical World Wide Web Rene Descartes Rene Descartes is labelled as the first modern philosopher. Born in La Haye in Central France he was left an annual income for life by his father who was a prosperous lawyer. His early education was from the Jesuits which he then went on to gain degrees in Civil and Church law at the University of Poitiers. He is most famous for his statement of principal of certainty and validity, "I think therefore I am." His main argument was that God did not create people with unreliable senses, which we conclude Descartes believed "sense" information is an individuals only accurate depiction of the environment. Descartes always maintained that the role of the brain was to be a transitional agent between spiritual energies of the mind and physical forces of bodily mechanics. When he died in 1663 all his books were placed in The Index of Forbidden Books by the church. Cartesian dualism (the interaction between Mind and Body) asserts all human activity excluding thinking and feeling come under the heading of Bodily Physiology and can be said to be the study of the psychophysilogical. He is credited for directly stimulating the founding of psychology which in turn now gives us the discipline known as parapsychology. Although many psychologists have difficulty in applying some of the theories of parapsychology to psychology, as both of them rely heavily on scientific (statistical) data. BACK 2 MAIN SUBJECT GRID BACK 2 Alternative Theories Grid This page was brought to you by Mystical World Wide Web

52. Descartes, Rene Back to Syllabus descartes, rene. descartes, rene (15961650), Frenchphilosopher, scientist, and mathematician, born in La Haye, Touraine http://learning.berkeley.edu/holub/isf100b/bg/descartes.html

Back to Syllabus Descartes, Rene Descartes, Rene French philosopher, scientist, and mathematician, born in La Haye, Touraine (a region and former province of France). Descartes believed science and mathematics could explain and predict events in the physical world. Descartes developed the Cartesian coordinate system for graphing equations and geometric shapes. Modern maps use a grid system that can be traced back to Cartesian graphing techniques. Background Music: Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus (1756-1791): Symphony No.1, First Movement

53. Descartes, Rene, 1596-1650: Free Web Books, Online Telephone +61 8 8303 5372 Facsimile +61 8 8303 4369 Email library@adelaide.edu.au.descartes, rene, 15961650. Biographical note. from Wikipedia. Works. http://etext.library.adelaide.edu.au/aut/descartes_rene.html

The University of Adelaide Library Departments Search ... Search Other E-text Resources Directories Electronic Text Centers Literature Resources "Great Books" Programs See Also: Bookstores and Book Industry Publishers and Book Lists Book reviews Library Home ... Library Catalogue The University of Adelaide Library North Terrace ADELAIDE SA 5005 Telephone: Facsimile: Email: Descartes, Rene, 1596-1650 Biographical note from Wikipedia Works Discourse on the Method of Rightly Conducting the Reason, and Seeking the Truth in the Sciences [ read download Other links Other etext editions (via Internet Public Library) Google search Search the library Catalogue Last Modified 04/02/2003 CRICOS Provider Number 00123M Service Charter Privacy

54. Great Books Index - Descartes An index to online editions of some of descartes' works.Category Society Philosophy Philosophers descartes, René Works......GREAT BOOKS INDEX. rene descartes (15961650). AnIndex to Online Great Books in English Translation. http://books.mirror.org/gb.descartes.html

GREAT BOOKS INDEX Rene Descartes (15961650) An Index to Online Great Books in English Translation AUTHORS/HOME TITLES GB CAFE ABOUT GB INDEX ... BOOK LINKS Writings of Descartes Direction of the Mind Discourse on Method Meditations on First Philosophy Articles Rules for the Direction of the Mind [Back to Top of Page] Discourse on the Method of Rightly Conducting One's Reason and Of Seeking Truth in the Sciences HTML edition (Online Literature Library) HTML edition (Adelaide) HTML edition in one document (IEP, 140KB) Translated by Elizabeth Haldane. Text edition in one file (ftp, Wiretap) Text edition in one file (ftp, Gutenberg at Illinois, 140KB) Discours de la methode (ABU) French HTML edition. [Back to Top of Page] Meditations on First Philosophy HTML pages HTML edition in one document (IEP, 180KB) Translated by Elizabeth Haldane. Les meditations (ABU) French text in an HTML edition. [Back to Top of Page] Links to Information About Descartes Biography of Descartes (History of Math Archive) Includes several book references. Bjorn's Guide to Philosophy Descartes (Bjorn's Guide) [Back to Top of Page] Requests for Additional Material Please advise of other online editions you may discover.

55. General Term: Descartes, Rene (1596-1650) descartes, rene (15961650). French philosopherand mathematician. Related Topics http://www.meta-library.net/gengloss/descart-body.html

Descartes, Rene (1596-1650) French philosopher and mathematician. Related Topics: Philosophy Full Glossary Index To return to the previous topic, click on your browser's 'Back' button.

56. OPT Design    Philosophy: Charles Sanders Peirce And Rene Descartes Discusses elements in the philosophy of Charles Peirce in relation to descartes.Category Society Philosophy Philosophers descartes, René Reviews...... Those who know something about the subject would probably agree that renedescartes was one of the most influential thinkers, even to this day. http://www.optdesign.com/Philosophy/Peirce.htm

OPT HOME Back to Philosophy Charles Sanders Peirce (1839-1914) was born in Cambridge, Massachuetts. Comparing and contrasting the Theories of Descartes and Peirce For many people, even if they don't know very much about philosophy, they know the name Descartes. Those who know something about the subject would probably agree that Rene Descartes was one of the most influential thinkers, even to this day. In contrast to Descartes' way of thinking is Charles Peirce's philosophy. Although Peirce is less well known outside the philosophical realm, his thoughts have been influential in the formation of a philosophy called Pragmatism, as well as the development of American society. We are going to be examining their opposing views and their influence on our own thinking. Rene Descartes was alive in the early part of the 17th century. His basic concern is overcoming doubt. How can we overcome doubt? Is there a method that we can use that is applicable in all citations? Descartes wants to be apodictic, which is absolutely certain, about his claims. In order to do this he must begin with a foundation. This foundation must be apodictic as well if the rest of his claims are to be considered true. Descartes also wants to use a method that is logical and the idea of knowledge as systematic. In order to understand why Descartes makes the claims that he does we must first understand how he draws his conclusions. Critical to his whole theory is his need for a foundation. Since we all come from distinct backgrounds and have different inherent beliefs and judgments, it is difficult for us to come to an agreement on issues such as truth. In order to avoid this problem of who is right and why, Descartes tries come up with a method that can be used by anyone to demonstrate 'truth'. If we begin with principles that we all acknowledge as correct, we can use this method to come to an agreement about what is true. Descartes wants to make the process of acquiring knowledge into a formal procedure, so that it can not be disputed.

57. Biblioteca Virtual - Descartes, Rene (1596-1650) Translate this page descartes, rene (1596-1650) Títulos digitalizados Discours de laméthode / René descartes. ABU la Bibliothèque Universelle. http://cervantesvirtual.com/FichaAutor.html?Ref=1183

58. Descartes, Rene Home Dartmouth Home, descartes, rene. Click on the for the listingwith descriptions. To open a database, click on the link. Back to http://www.dartmouth.edu/~library/infosys/dciswww/prod/_Digital_Collections-Phil

Dartmouth Library Catalog Other Databases * Digital Collections by Name by Category * Campus Resources by Name by Category Search Names/Descriptions Help Using DCIS About DCIS/WWW Contact Ask a Librarian Report a Problem Dartmouth Library Home Dartmouth Home Descartes, Rene Click on the for the listing with descriptions. To open a database, click on the link. Back to Philosophy Descartes, R: Comments on a Certain Broadsheet Descartes, R: Description of the Human Body Descartes, R: Discourse on the Method ... Back to the top of this page. HTML generated by DCIS on 3/29/2003

59. Descartes, Rene descartes, rene. Back to Philosophy descartes, R Comments on a CertainBroadsheet rene descartes' Comments on a Certain Broadsheet http://www.dartmouth.edu/~library/infosys/dciswww/prod/d__Digital_Collections-Ph

Dartmouth Library Catalog Other Databases * Digital Collections by Name by Category * Campus Resources by Name by Category Search Names/Descriptions Help Using DCIS About DCIS/WWW Contact Ask a Librarian Report a Problem Dartmouth Library Home Dartmouth Home Descartes, Rene Back to Philosophy Descartes, R: Comments on a Certain Broadsheet Titles only Descartes, R: Description of the Human Body ... Back to the top of this page. HTML generated by DCIS on 3/29/2003

60. Glossary Definition: Descartes, Rene (1596-1650) descartes, rene (15961650). French philosopher and mathematician. Moreinformation may be found in Microsoft's Encarta Concise Encyclopedia. http://www.counterbalance.org/gengloss/descart-body.html

Descartes, Rene (1596-1650) French philosopher and mathematician. More information may be found in Microsoft's Encarta Concise Encyclopedia. To look up that reference now, switch to an Encarta window Glossary Index To return to the previous topic, click on your browser's 'Back' button.

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