1. Liens Aux Biographies BOREL Emile (18711956). de carcavi pierre (1600-1684) http://www.cict.fr/cict/personnel/stpierre/histoire/node33.html

Next: Bibliographie Up: L'histoire du calcul des Previous: Les axiomes de Kolmogorov Liens aux biographies Pages Web BAYES Thomas (1702-1761) BERNOULLI Jaques (1654-1705) BERNOULLI Jean (1667-1748) BERNOULLI Nicolas (1687-1759) BIENAYME BOREL Emile (1871-1956) de CARCAVI Pierre (1600-1684) CARDANO Girolamo (1501-1576) CAUCHY Augustin (1789-1857) FELLER William (1906-1970) de FERMAT Pierre (1601-1665) FISHER Ronald (1890-1962) de FONTENELLE Bernard (1657-1757) GALILEI Galileo (1564-1642) GAUSS Carl Friedrich (1777-1855) HUYGHENS Christiaan (1629-1695) KHAYYAM Omar (1048-1122) KHINTCHINE Alexandre (1894-1959) KOLMOGOROV Andrei (1903-1987) LAGRANGE Joseph-Louis (1736-1813) LAMBERT Johann (1728-1777) LAPLACE Pierre Simon, Marquis de (1749-1827) LEBESGUE Henri (1875-1941) LEGENDRE Adrien-Marie (1752-1833) von LEIBNIZ Gottfried Wilhelm (1646-1716) LEVY Paul (1886-1971) MARKOV Andrei (1856-1922) de MOIVRE Abraham (1667-1754) MONTMORT Pierre (1678-1719) NEWTON Sir Isaac (1643-1727) PACIOLI Luca (1445-1517) PASCAL Blaise (1623-1662) PEARSON Karl (1857-1936) POISSON QUETELET Lambert (1796-1874) RIEMANN Bernhard (1826-1866) de ROBERVAL Gilles (1602-1675) van SCHOOTEN Frans (1615-1660) SIMPSON Thomas (1710-1761) STEINHAUS Hugo (1887-1972) STIRLING James (1692-1770) STUDENT: GOSSET William (1876-1937) TARTAGLIA Nicolo (1500-1557) TCHEBYCHEV WALLIS John (1616-1703) YULE George (1871-1951) Next: Bibliographie Up: L'histoire du calcul des Previous: Les axiomes de Kolmogorov Dana Meisel

2. Carcavi [Carcavy], Pierre De Biography of pierre de carcavi (16001684) pierre de carcavi. Born 1600 in Lyon, France http://es.rice.edu/ES/humsoc/Galileo/Catalog/Files/carcavi.html

Catalog of the Scientific Community Carcavi [Carcavy], Pierre de Note: the creators of the Galileo Project and this catalogue cannot answer email on genealogical questions. 1. Dates Born: Lyon, c. 1600 (Index says c. 1603) Died: Paris, April 1684 Dateinfo: Birth Uncertain Lifespan: 2. Father Occupation: Merchant His father was a banker. Carcavi had enough wealth to purchase an office of counsellor in the Grand Conseil in Paris in 1636. Later he had to sell it to pay his father's debts, but I do not see how to doubt that he grew up in circumstances at least affluent. 3. Nationality Birth: French Career: French Death: French 4. Education Schooling: No University 5. Religion Affiliation: Catholic 6. Scientific Disciplines Primary: Mathematics 7. Means of Support Primary: Government, Personal Means, Patronage Counsellor of the Parlement of Toulouse, 1632-1636. Member of the Grand Conseil at Paris, 1636-1648. (He bought the office in 1636, and was forced to sell it in order to pay his father's debts in 1648.) Served the Duke of Liancourt, 1648-1663. Classified Colbert's library, 1663.

3. Fermat, Pierre De He corresponded with carcavi, Brulart de Saint Martin, Mersenne, Roberval, Pascal,Huygens Sources Jean Itard, pierre Fermat, Kurze Mathematike Biographien, no. http://es.rice.edu/ES/humsoc/Galileo/Catalog/Files/fermat.html

Catalog of the Scientific Community Fermat, Pierre de Note: the creators of the Galileo Project and this catalogue cannot answer email on genealogical questions. 1. Dates Born: Beaumont; baptised 20 Aug. 1601 Died: Castres (somewhere near Toulouse), 12 Jan. 1665 Dateinfo: Dates Certain Lifespan: 2. Father Occupation: Merchant His father had a prosperous leather business. He was also second consul (whatever that might have been) of Beaumont. Fermat's uncle and godfather was also a merchant. His mother brought the social status of the parliamentary noblesse de la robe to the family. This certainly says at least affluence. 3. Nationality Birth: French Career: French Death: French 4. Education Schooling: Orleans, LD He received a solid classical secondary education, beginning at the convent of the Cordeliers in Beaumont (run by the Franciscans). After studying with the Franciscans, he then studied with the Jesuits. He may have attended the University of Toulouse. He obtained the degree of Bachelor of Civil Laws from the University of Orleans in 1631. I accept this as the equivalent of a B.A., and in accordance with my practice I list also the degree in law. 5. Religion

4. Carcavi pierre de carcavi. Born 1600 in Lyon, France Died April 1684 in Paris, France.Show birthplace location. pierre de carcavi received no university education. http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Carcavi.html

Pierre de Carcavi Born: 1600 in Lyon, France Died: April 1684 in Paris, France Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Pierre de Carcavi received no university education. He was a counsellor to the parliament of Toulouse from 1632 until 1636. In fact he first met Fermat in 1632 when they were both members of the Parliament in Toulouse and they remained friends. In 1636 Carcavi bought an office of counsellor in the Grand Conseil in Paris. In 1648, however, hard times struck and he was forced to sell the office to pay for the debts of his father (who had been a banker). After this he worked for the Duke of Liancourt until 1663. In that year he was appointed Custodian of the Royal Library, a post he held for 20 years until shortly before his death. Carcavi is best known for his correspondence with other mathematicians rather than for his own mathematics. He was friends with Huygens Fermat (as mentioned above) and Pascal and corresponded with them. Fermat sent many of his works to Carcavi after he moved to Paris in 1636. In 1650

5. Full Alphabetical Index Translate this page 61) Cantelli, Francesco (104) Cantor, Georg (357*) Cantor, Moritz (498*) Caramuely Lobkowitz, (227) Carathéodory, Constantin (267*) carcavi, pierre de (439 http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Plains/4142/matematici.html

Completo Indice Alfabetico Cliccare su una lettera sottostante per andare a quel file. A B C D ... XYZ Cliccare sotto per andare agli indici alfabetici separati A B C D ... XYZ Il numero di parole nella biografia e' dato in parentesi. Un * indica che c'e' un ritratto. A Abbe , Ernst (602*) Abel , Niels Henrik (286*) Abraham bar Hiyya (240) Abraham, Max Abu Kamil Shuja (59) Abu'l-Wafa al'Buzjani (243) Ackermann , Wilhelm (196) Adams, John Couch Adams, Frank Adelard of Bath (89) Adler , August (114) Adrain , Robert (79) Aepinus , Franz (124) Agnesi , Maria (196*) Ahlfors , Lars (725*) Ahmed ibn Yusuf (60) Ahmes Aida Yasuaki (114) Aiken , Howard (94) Airy , George (313*) Aitken , Alexander (825*) Ajima , Chokuyen (144) Akhiezer , Naum Il'ich (248*) al'Battani , Abu Allah (194) al'Biruni , Abu Arrayhan (306*) al'Haitam , Abu Ali (269*) al'Kashi , Ghiyath (73) al'Khwarizmi , Abu (123*) Albanese , Giacomo (282) Albert of Saxony Albert, Abraham Adrian (121*) (158*) Alberti , Leone (181*) Alberto Magno, San (109*) Alcuin di York (237*) Aleksandrov , Pave (160*) Alembert , Jean d' (291*) Alexander , James (163) Amringe , Howard van (354*) Amsler , Jacob (82) Anassagora di Clazomenae (169) Anderson , Oskar (67) Andreev , Konstantin (117) Angeli , Stefano degli (234) Anstice , Robert (209) Antemio of Tralles (55) Antifone il Sofista (125) Apollonio di Perga (276) Appell , Paul (1377) Arago , Dominique (345*) Arbogasto , Louis (87) Arbuthnot , John (251*) Archimede di Siracusa (467*) Archita of Tarentum (103) Argand , Jean (81) Aristeo il Vecchio (44) Aristarco di Samo (183) Aristotele Arnauld , Antoine (179)

6. Fermat now held he became entitled to change his name from pierre Fermat to pierre de Fermat movedto Toulouse but there he gained a new mathematical friend in carcavi http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Fermat.html

Pierre de Fermat Born: 17 Aug 1601 in Beaumont-de-Lomagne, France Died: 12 Jan 1665 in Castres, France Click the picture above to see six larger pictures Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Pierre Fermat 's father was a wealthy leather merchant and second consul of Beaumont- de- Lomagne. Pierre had a brother and two sisters and was almost certainly brought up in the town of his birth. Although there is little evidence concerning his school education it must have been at the local Franciscan monastery. He attended the University of Toulouse before moving to Bordeaux in the second half of the 1620s. In Bordeaux he began his first serious mathematical researches and in 1629 he gave a copy of his restoration of Apollonius 's Plane loci to one of the mathematicians there. Certainly in Bordeaux he was in contact with Beaugrand and during this time he produced important work on maxima and minima which he gave to Etienne d'Espagnet who clearly shared mathematical interests with Fermat. Pierre de Fermat.

7. References For Carcavi References for the biography of pierre de carcavi References for pierre de carcavi. Biography in Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 19701990). http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/References/Carcavi.html

References for Pierre de Carcavi Biography in Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 1970-1990). Articles: Bollettino di bibliographia e storia della scienze matematiche Main index Birthplace Maps Biographies Index History Topics ... Anniversaries for the year JOC/EFR December 1996 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of St Andrews, Scotland The URL of this page is: http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/history/References/Carcavi.html

8. Mathematicians In Richard S. Westfall's Archive Caramuel, Juan. carcavi, pierre de. Cardano, Girolamo. Cassini, Giovanni http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/External/Westfall_list.html

Mathematicians in Richard S. Westfall's archive Richard Westfall's archive contains concise biographical details of more than 640 members of the Scientific Community of the 16th and 17th Centuries. The mathematicians who have biographies in our archive are listed below. You can search the whole archive in several ways or can click on a name below. Angeli, Stephano Arbuthnot, John Arnauld, Antoine Bachet, Claude ... Search Suggestions JOC/EFR January 2000 The URL of this page is: School of Mathematics and Statistics University of St Andrews, Scotland http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/history/External/Westfall_list.html

9. Zeal.com - United States - New - Library - Sciences - Mathematics - Mathematicia A great resource for United States New - Library - Sciences - Mathematics -Mathematicians - carcavi, pierre de. carcavi, pierre de Preview Category, http://www.zeal.com/category/preview.jhtml?cid=540267

10. Zeal.com - United States - New - Library - Sciences - Mathematics - Mathematicia Antoine; Barrow, Isaac; Bernoullis; Bombelli, Rafael; Buergi, Joost;carcavi, pierre de; Cardano, Girolamo; Cavalieri, B. Ceva, Giovanni; http://www.zeal.com/category/preview.jhtml?cid=518756

11. LookSmart - Pierre De Carcavi carcavi, pierre de Galileo Project Outlines the life of this French mathematician,and describes his friendship with Fermat, whose gifts he was among the http://canada.looksmart.com/eus1/eus302562/eus317836/eus317914/eus328800/eus5187

12. Pierre De Fermat pierre de Fermat. Born 17 Aug 1601 in Beaumontde-Lomagne, France In 1636 carcavi went to Paris as royal librarian and made contact with Mersenne and his group. http://uk.geocities.com/magoos_universe/fermat.htm

Pierre de Fermat Born: 17 Aug 1601 in Beaumont-de-Lomagne, France Died: 12 Jan 1665 in Castres, France P ierre Fermat's father was a wealthy leather merchant and second consul of Beaumont- de- Lomagne. Pierre had a brother and two sisters and was almost certainly brought up in the town of his birth. Although there is little evidence concerning his school education it must have been at the local Franciscan monastery. He attended the University of Toulouse before moving to Bordeaux in the second half of the 1620s. In Bordeaux he began his first serious mathematical researches and in 1629 he gave a copy of his restoration of Apollonius's Plane loci to one of the mathematicians there. Certainly in Bordeaux he was in contact with Beaugrand and during this time he produced important work on maxima and minima which he gave to Etienne d'Espagnet who clearly shared mathematical interests with Fermat. For the remainder of his life he lived in Toulouse but as well as working there he also worked in his home town of Beaumont-de-Lomagne and a nearby town of Castres. From his appointment on 14 May 1631 Fermat worked in the lower chamber of the parliament but on 16 January 1638 he was appointed to a higher chamber, then in 1652 he was promoted to the highest level at the criminal court. Still further promotions seem to indicate a fairly meteoric rise through the profession but promotion was done mostly on seniority and the plague struck the region in the early 1650s meaning that many of the older men died. Fermat himself was struck down by the plague and in 1653 his death was wrongly reported, then corrected:-

13. LookSmart - Notable Mathematicians Bombelli, Rafael, Gassendi, pierre, Turing, Alan, Buergi, Joost, Khayyam, Omar,Viete, Francois, carcavi, pierre de, Leibniz, Gottfried, Viviani, Vincenzo, http://canada.looksmart.com/eus1/eus302562/eus317836/eus317914/eus328800/eus5187

14. Pierre De Fermat Translate this page em Toulouse e por causa de seu escritório, mudou seu nome para pierre de Fermat separa Toulouse, mas lá ele encontrou um novo amigo em Matemática, carcavi. http://www.ime.unicamp.br/~calculo/history/fermat/fermat.html

15. Personal Site And Portfolio Of Jason Hill Vernier, Etienne Pascal, Marin Mersenne, Girard desargues, pierre Gassendi, JeanBeaugrand, Albert Girard, Claude Hardy, pierre de carcavi, pierre de Fermat http://www.ai-studio.com/jason/mathematics/descartes.html

Essay on Correctly Interpreting Descartes' La Géométrie Jason B. Hill Undergraduate of Pure Mathematics The University of Michigan-Flint Uppsala University After having researched different philosophical, mathematical, and historical aspects of René Descartes, I have been convinced that the vastness of misunderstanding and differences in interpretations of La Géométrie can be explained by explicating the grounds on which it was written, and the means in which it has been read. It is without question that the work is not understood in the context in which it was intended to be, and that any proper understanding of the work is possible only when considering Descartes’ reasons for publishing it where and when he did. I aim to show that this is the case in a method such that both mathematicians and philosophers can follow with ease, after only being familiar with key aspects of Descartes’ Discourse on the Method of Reasoning Well and Seeking Truth in the Sciences Discourse on Method, or Discourse Descartes published the Discourse on Method in 1637. In original form, it was published in French. This fact alone is curious, since learned writings of the time were traditionally in Latin. Even more curious is the fact that Descartes’ name as author was absent from the work and its appendages in the first edition, and he received nothing for the publication except 200 free copies to distribute amongst his colleagues. Several interpretations of these facts have been made. Many scholars suggest that the

16. LookSmart - Notable Mathematicians Buergi, Joost, •Khayyam, Omar, •Viete, Francois, •carcavi,pierre de, •Leibniz, Gottfried, •Viviani, Vincenzo, •Cardano http://www.looksmart.com/eus1/eus317836/eus317914/eus328800/eus518756/r?l&

17. LookSmart - Enlightenment Mathematicians John, •Barrow, Issac, •Condorcet, Marie, •Ricci, Mateo, •carcavi,pierre de, •desargues, Gerard, •Roberval, Gilles, •Cardano http://www.looksmart.com/eus1/eus317836/eus317911/eus53828/eus76702/eus536328/eu

18. Pierre De Fermat Ta ei olnud ühegi teadusühingu liige, seeeest oli ta kirjavahetuses carcavi,Brulart de Olles valitsuse ametnik, muutis ta oma nime pierre de Fermat’ks. http://www.pshg.edu.ee/~dan/referaat/1998/pierredefermat.html

19. Pierre De Fermat held he became entitled to change his name from pierre Fermat to pierre de Fermat hemoved to Toulouse but there he gained a new mathematical friend in carcavi. http://www.bath.ac.uk/~ma0dmp/Fermatlife.html

Pierre de Fermat Pierre de Fermat was born in Toulouse in 1601 and died in 1665 at the age of 64. Fermats Father was a rich man and so in all probability Fermat was given a good education and attended the university of Toulouse. Many people know of Fermat as a number theorist and mathematician and are therefore surprised to find out that he was actually a lawyer and only pondered such theories in his spare time. Also surprising is the fact that Fermat only ever published one paper in his life, which was an anonymous article as an appendix to a colleague's book. Pierre Fermat's father was a wealthy leather merchant and second consul of Beaumont- de- Lomagne. Pierre had a brother and two sisters and was almost certainly brought up in the town of his birth. Although there is little evidence concerning his school education it must have been at the local Franciscan monastery. He attended the University of Toulouse before moving to Bordeaux in the second half of the 1620s. In Bordeaux he began his first serious mathematical researches and in 1629 he gave a copy of his restoration of Apollonius's Plane loci to one of the mathematicians there. Certainly in Bordeaux he was in contact with Beaugrand and during this time he produced important work on maxima and minima which he gave to Etienne d'Espagnet who clearly shared mathematical interests with Fermat. From Bordeaux Fermat went to Orléans where he studied law at the University. He received a degree in civil law and he purchased the offices of councillor at the parliament in Toulouse. So by 1631 Fermat was a lawyer and government official in Toulouse and because of the office he now held he became entitled to change his name from Pierre Fermat to Pierre de Fermat.

20. Biographie Von Pierre De Fermat Translate this page er geadelt und änderte seinen Namen von pierre Fermat in pierre de Fermat er nachToulouse gezogen war, machte aber dort auch die Bekanntschaft mit carcavi. http://www.gm.nw.schule.de/~gymwiehl/prim/fermat.htm

Pierre de Fermat (1601- 1663)

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