81. Untitled Document West and B. Pakkenberg, Neurological Research Laboratory, bartholin Institute, Kommunehospitalet ofCell Biology and Genetics, erasmus University Rotterdam, Dept http://www.brainbank.nl/nhb/ned/programs/hb_proj_alzheimer.htm

ONDERZOEKSPROJECTEN VAN DE HERSENBANK T.B.V. DE ZIEKTE VAN ALZHEIMER EN AANVERWANTE ZIEKTEBEELDEN Alberini, C.M., Dept. of Child Development and Biomedical Technology, University of Brescia, Italy - Identification of molecular markers involved in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease. Al Deeb, S.M. and E. Rossi, Riyahd Armed Forces Hospital, Saudi Arabia - Neuropathological changes in Alzheimer's disease. Bolhuis, P.A., W.A. Van Gool and H. Van Crevel, Dept. of Neurology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands - Cerebrospinal fluid markers of Alzheimer's disease. Bolton, D.C., Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, U.S.A. - Structural studies of PHF (paired helical filaments) proteins. Bosmann, G.J.C.G.M., Dept. of Biochemistry, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands - Expression of the anion exchange (band 3) membrane protein family in the central nervous system: relation to Alzheimer's disease in comparison to normal aging. Bosmann, G.J.C.G.M. and W.J. De Grip, Dept. of Biochemistry, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands - Aging and age-related diseases of the central nervous system: Biochemical aspects of Alzheimer's disease.

82. Sketches Of The History Of Electromagnetics Timeline of classical electromagnetism, including optics, magnetism, electricity and their unification.Category Science Physics Electromagnetism History...... theory of light. 1669, erasmus bartholin publishes A Study of IcelandSpar, about his discovery of double refraction. 1675, Robert http://history.hyperjeff.net/electromagnetism.html

Taking too long to load? Smaller screen? Try the Slim version Jeff Biggus Part of the HyperJeff Network Sketches of a History of Classical Electromagnetism (Optics, Magnetism, Electricity, Electromagnetism) last updated Sunday, 13-Jan-2002 23:20:15 MST A n t i q u i t y Many things are known about optics: the rectilinearity of light rays; the law of reflection; transparency of materials; that rays passing obliquely from less dense to more dense medium is refracted toward the perpendicular of the interface; general laws for the relationship between the apparent location of an object in reflections and refractions; the existence of metal mirrors (glass mirrors being a 19th century invention). ca BC Euclid of Alexandria (ca 325 BC - ca 265 BC) writes, among many other works, Optics, dealing with vision theory and perspective. Convex lenses in existence at Carthage. cent BC Chinese fortune tellers begin using loadstone to construct their divining boards, eventually leading to the first compasses. (Mentioned in Wang Ch'ung's Discourses weighed in the balance of 83 B.C.)

83. Nicol Prism In 1669 erasmus bartholin (162598) discovered that it was doubly refracting; whena naturally-occuring crystal is placed over some writing, the writing is http://www2.kenyon.edu/depts/physics/EarlyApparatus/Polarized_Light/Nicol_Prism/

Nicol Prism Calcite, or Iceland Spar, is a form of calcium carbonate. In 1669 Erasmus Bartholin (1625-98) discovered that it was doubly refracting; when a naturally-occuring crystal is placed over some writing, the writing is doubled. For a beam of light perpendicular to the surface of the crystal, one ray (the O or or Ordinary ray) is transmitted without being refracted at the surface, while a second ray (the E or Extraordinary ray) has a non-zero angle of refraction and emerges parallel to the incoming ray.. In 1678 Christiaan Huygens (1629-95) discovered that the E and O rays were polarized at right angles to each other. William Nicol (1768-1851) of Edinburgh developed what is now called the Nicol prism in 1828. The problem with using calcite as a polarizer is the presence of two beams of polarized light. In principle, the E ray can be eliminated by using a narrow crystal, long enough so that the E ray can be sufficiently displaced from the O ray to allow it to be masked off. Nicol used the now classic technique of slicing the crystal diagonally at QS and fastening the two halves back together with a cement (such as canada balsam) of such in index of refraction that the E ray is totally reflected at the internal interface, leaving the O ray to emerge alone from the crystal. tourmaline , but its basic long, narrow construction unfortunately gives it a small angular field of view. It was almost always used as an analyzer; only in the

84. Fauth Translate this page an der Astronomie Während dieser Zeit wohnte Römer auf dem Gut erasmus bartholins(1625 Lebens ein Dorn im Auge gewesen, gelang es bartholin, einige seiner http://home.t-online.de/home/m.holl/roemer.htm

Tycho Brahes Viele Jahre nach dem Fortgang Tycho Brahes

85. IEE - Famous Scottish Technologists And Scientists - N Nicol prism; phenomenon of double refraction (erasmus bartholin).Thought to have lectured to James Clerk Maxwell. Made important http://www.iee.org/TheIEE/Locations/SEC/Famous/sts_n.cfm

Login or Register Shop Help Search ... Contacts Glasgow, The Teacher Building Famous Scottish Technologists and Scientists - N John Napier Courtesy of the IEE Archives Department NAPIER - John Born: 1550, Edinburgh Died: 1617 Mathematician Developed logarithms, publishing in 1614 a book of logorithms. NAPIER - Robert Born: 1791, Dumbarton Died: 1876 Engineer and Shipbuilder Pipe manufacturer, Camlachie Foundry.Built the engines for the first four Cunard steamships. Built some of the earliest iron clad warships including Black Prince (1860). Helped establish River Clyde as great shipbuilding centre. NARES - Sir George Strong Born: 1831, Aberdeen Died: 1915 Naval Commander and Explorer Commanded the Challenger (1872 - 74) on its round the world ocean voyage. NASMYTH - James Born: 1808, Edinburgh Died: 1890 Engineer Designed steam hammer to forge paddle wheels for Brunel's SS Great Britain. His steam hammer was a crucial development in forging techniques. Manufacturer of steam locomotives, hydraulic presses for making pipes, steam hammers, paring machines, etc at the Bridgewater Foundry near Manchester. NEILSON - Jame Beaumont Born: 1792, Shettleston, Glasgow

86. TLW's 1730s (1730-1739) Timeline erasmus Darwin (d. 1802), Charles Darwin's grandfather. Politicians. Deaths Danishscientist Kaspar bartholin, discover of the bartholin glands of the vagina. http://www.tlwinslow.com/timeline/time173x.html

T.L. Winslow's World History Timeline 1730-1739 C.E. TLW's Great Track of Time Homepage Peter II of Russia dies of smallpox, and Anna Ivanovna (1693-1740) , the niece of Peter the Great becomes Empress of Russia. Pope Benedict XIII dies on Feb. 23, and Lorenzo Corsini is elected Pope Clement XII (1652-1740) on July 12. London optician Edward Scarlett perfects rigid sidepieces for eyeglasses . The French massacre the Fox nation. Baltimore is founded. The first American tobacco factories open in Virginia, producing snuff. Ahmed III dies after a revolt by the Janissaries, and his nephew Mahmud I (1696-1754) becomes Ottoman sultan; the Nubian officer Beshir (1653-1746) is the real power behind the throne. The Catholic English version of the New Testament, revision of Reims is published by Dr. Robert Witham. Canaletto paints The French Ambassador Being Received at the Doge's Palace . Henry Fielding publishes the play Tom Thumb the Great Ebenezer Cooke publishes Sotweed Redivivus Births: French astronomer Charles Messier (d. 1817)

87. Food For Thought Biographies bartholin, Caspar Berthelsen (bartholinus) (Danish physician), 15851629.bartholin, erasmus (Danish physician, mathematician, physicist), 1625-1698. http://www.evcom.net/~tourette/bio/bio_B.htm

88. Ole Rømer Museet Born in Aarhus. He came to Copenhagen as a young student, where he studiedunder erasmus bartholin, his fatherin-law to be of his first marriage. http://www.oleroemer.dk/english/roemer/top.html

World renowned Danish astronomer and universal genius. Born in Aarhus. He came to Copenhagen as a young student, where he studied under Erasmus Bartholin, his father-in-law to be of his first marriage. He worked on Tycho Brahe's observation notes with a view to publication. Assisted the French astronomer Jean Picard in locating Tycho Brahe's Uraniborg on the island of Hven. In 1672 he followed Picard to Paris and became a member of the Scientific Academy. He collaborated with celebrities such as the philosopher and astronomer G.W. Leibniz, Christian Huygens (the inventor of the pendulum clock) and Isaac Newton. In 1681 he was recalled to Copenhagen by the Danish king. He worked here until his death. Apart from being a professor of astronomy, and because of his versatility, he had innumerable commissions. He was City Engineer, City Clerk of Works, Judge of the Supreme Court, Chancellor of the University, Chief of the Fire Brigade, Chief Constable, Mayor, etc.

89. Ole Rømer Museet Translate this page Geboren in der Stadt Aarhus, Universitätsstudien in Kopenhagen, wo erbei seinem späteren Schwiegervater, erasmus bartholin, studierte. http://www.oleroemer.dk/german/roemer/top.html

Dann folgte er 1672 Picard nach Paris und wurde dort Mitglied der Wissenschaftlichen Akademie.

90. Astronomi Ved Københavns Universitet 1479-1957 har haft de bedste betingelser med de to dygtige læremestre bartholin og Picard. Ikomedien erasmus Montanus gør Holberg således grin med Horrebow ved at http://www.cozmo.dk/almanak/

Michael Cramer Andersen 19. juni 2001 Indledning Astrometrien 1. Tiden omkring Tycho Brahe (1479-1642) Matematik og astronomi ved KU radie Året 1572 blev skelsættende, idet Tycho iagttog en ny stjerne på himlen i stjernebilledet Cassiopeia. I følge datidens opfattelse, som skyldtes Aristoteles, var fiksstjernehimmelen uforanderlig og en sådan begivenhed burde være umulig. Tycho kunne heller ikke tro sine egne øjne og han måtte have et sandhedsvidne til at bekræfte at der var en temmelig lysstærk stjerne, hvor der ellers havde været tomt. Tycho observerede stjernens lysstyrke som han dag for dag sammenlignede med andre stjerner og i 1573 udgav han bogen "De nova stella". Den gjorde ham verdensberømt. Sideløbende med dette bestemte Tycho, i øvrigt sammen med sin søster Sofie Brahe, solens Figure 1: Figure 2: Tycho Brahes Stjerneborg bygget delvist under jorden. Som et led i den videnskabelige forskning førte Tycho Brahe en meteorologisk journal, eller 'dagbog', hver dag fra 1582-97. I 1587 færdiggjorde Tycho "Kometbogen" der sammenfattede hans viden omkring kometer. Af alle planeterne var Mars den planet der blev studeret grundigst. Tycho forsøgte at bestemme afstanden til Mars når planeten var nærmest Jorden (i opposition) i 1582, 1585, 1589 og 1592. Det er en begivenhed der finder sted med godt 25 måneders mellemrum, men kun hvert tredje år er det gunstigt at observere. Dette projekt mislykkedes idet solparallaksen var behæftet med en fejl (en faktor 20 forkert) og positionsbestemmelser skulle korrigeres for refraktion i atmosfæren, et fænomen der endnu ikke var forstået (læs mere om dette i Aktuel Astronomi nr. 3 2001).

91. I14779: Caspar BARTHOLIN (____ - ____) Caspar bartholin. . Caspar bartholin INDEX. http://home.online.no/~nermo/slekt/d0013/g0000086.html

Caspar BARTHOLIN OCCUPATION : Akademiker NATURALIZATION : Prof. Theol. ved Københavns univeristet Family 1 Anna Thomasdatter FINCKE MARRIAGE Erasmus BARTHOLIN Thomas BARTHOLIN Caspar BARTHOLIN INDEX HTML created by GED2HTML v3.5e-WIN95 (Sep 26 1998) on 09/10/2002 10:30:40 Isak Johannessen BØRVE BIRTH DEATH Family 1 Ingeborg Jakobsdatter VIK MARRIAGE Isak Johannessen BØRVE INDEX HTML created by GED2HTML v3.5e-WIN95 (Sep 26 1998) on 09/10/2002 10:30:40 Boel CHRISTENSDATTER BIRTH : Kolbjørnsvik, Hisøy, Øyestad, AA BAPTISM : (Bodil) Father: Christen THOMASSEN Mother: Anne LØVORSDATTER Family 1 Peder BENTSEN MARRIAGE : 4 Jul 1723, Øyestad Bent PEDERSEN _Thomas CHRISTENSEN Boel CHRISTENSDATTER _Anne LØVORSDATTER ... INDEX HTML created by GED2HTML v3.5e-WIN95 (Sep 26 1998) on 09/10/2002 10:30:40 Harald GULLSKJEGG OCCUPATION : Konge i Sogn DEATH : Sogn Family 1 MARRIAGE Ragnhild HARALDSDATTER Harald GULLSKJEGG INDEX HTML created by GED2HTML v3.5e-WIN95 (Sep 26 1998) on 09/10/2002 10:30:40 Anne (Helene) Margrethe HØYER 1702 - 22 Feb 1764 BIRTH : 1702, Trondheim

92. Untitled ROEMER was twice married in 1601 to ANNE MARIA bartholin (the daughter of ERASMUSbartholin) and after her death in 1694, to ELISA MAGDALENA bartholin (the http://dibinst.mit.edu/BURNDY/OnlinePubs/Roemer/chapter4(part2).html

The most distinguishing feature of this home observatory was the transit instrument which R OEMER designed and constructed, and of which he was the inventor. It was placed so that observations could be made with it at a window. Flexure of the axis was compensated for by a system of counterweights. The error of collimation (the deviation of the telescope's optical axis from a line perpendicular to the axis of rotation) was ascertained by the simple expedient of reversing the instrument. To ensure the telescope's being exactly in the plane of the meridian, it was adjusted by observing corresponding altitudes of the stars In order to obtain more perfect observations, R OEMER had built, at his own expense, the Observatorium Tusculaneum which was completed in 1704. It was located near Vridloesemagle (between Copenhagen and Roeskilde). Here, he installed an instrument similar to the one just described, but more accurately constructed. It had, at the common focus of the object-glass and eyepiece, a cross-web of horizontal and vertical wires, illuminated by a system of lenses and mirrors through an aperture in the side of the telescope. The instant of transit across an upright wire could be obtained by means of a clock loudly ticking on the wall by the observer. This instrument could be used either in the plane of the meridian or of the prime vertical. (See Figure 3 below). Both here and in the 0bservatorium Domesticum

93. The Lake County Astronomical Society After studying mathematics and astronomy he became the personal assistant toErasmus bartholin, lived in his house and finally became his son inlaw. http://homepage.interaccess.com/~purcellm/lcas/Articles/romer.htm

Index LCAS Astronomy Bio Ole Christensen Romer Jay Bitterman th In 1681 he returned to Denmark to take up the posts of Astronomer Royal to King Christian V and Director of the Royal Observatory in Copenhagen. He also accepted a number of civic duties. He died in Copenhagen on 23 September 1710. Webmaster: webmaster@lcas-astronomy.org Index LCAS This page last updated on September 1, 2001

94. Physics History Hooke, studies with a microscope 1668 Wallace, conservation of momentum 1669Erasmus bartholin, polarisation effects of Iceland feldspar 1669 Gottfreid http://webplaza.pt.lu/fklaess/html/HISTORIA.HTML

Physics Chronology From the Copernican Revolution to superstrings, a chronology of some of the greatest discoveries of natural philosophy. Despite my best efforts I cannot be sure about the accuracy of all the dates and attributions. 1269: Pierre de Maricourt, experiments with magnets 1325: Jean Buridan, physics of impetus 1450: Johann Gutenberg, first printing press in Europe 1472: Johannes Regiomontanus, observation of Halley's comet 1551: G. Cardan, studies of falling bodies 1553: Giambattista Benedetti, proposed equality of fall rates 1543: Nicolaus Copernicus, heliocentric theory 1572: Tycho Brahe, witnesses a supernova and cites it as evidence that the heavens are not changeless 1576: Tycho Brahe, constructs a planetary observatory 1576: Thomas Digges, illustration of an infinite universe surrounding a Copernican solar system 1577: Tycho Brahe, observes that a comet passes through the orbits of othe planets 1582: Galilei Galileo, constancy of period of pendulum 1586: Simon Stevin, statics of inclined plane 1586: Simon Stevin, verification of equality of fall rates

95. User:Someone Else/Sandbox - Wikipedia Main Page Recent changes Edit this page Older versions Specialpages. http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Someone_else/Sandbox

Main Page Recent changes Edit this page Older versions Special pages Set my user preferences My watchlist Recently updated pages Upload image files Image list Registered users Site statistics Random article Orphaned articles Orphaned images Popular articles Most wanted articles Short articles Long articles Newly created articles Interlanguage links All pages by title Blocked IP addresses Maintenance page External book sources Printable version Talk Log in Help User:Someone else/Sandbox From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. User:Someone else Prince Henry of Wales Daniel Stern Caspar Bartholin ... Caspar Bartolin Elizabeth (daughter of Philip II of Germany) (about November 30 Elizabeth of Austria (daughter of Maximilian II, HRE) ( Elizabeth of Austria ( August 30 Elisabeth Ludovika of Bavaria ( November 13 December 14 Elizabeth of Bavaria ( July 25 November 23 Elizabeth of Bohemia ( January 20 September 28 Elizabeth Angela Marguerite Bowes-Lyon ( August 4 March 30 Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel ( August 28 December 21 Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel ( November 8 February 18 Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel ( November 8 January 13 Elizabeth d’Anjou ( - after December 20 Elisabetta Farnese ( October 25 July 11 Elisabeth Henriette von Hessen-Kassel ( November 8 June 27 Elisabeth von Kärnten (died Elisabeth Therese of Lorraine ( October 15 July 3 Elisabeth von Luxembourg (before November 27 December 25 Elzbieta Pilecka (about May 12 Elisabeth of Poland ( December 29 Elisabeth von Pommern ( February 15 Elisabeth of Romania (

96. Molecular Expressions Microscopy Primer: Light And Color - Polarization Of Light The first clues to the existence of polarized light surfaced around 1669 when ErasmusBartholin discovered that crystals of the mineral Iceland spar (more http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/lightandcolor/polarizedlighthome.html

Microscopy Primer Light and Color Microscope Basics Special Techniques ... Home The Galleries: Photo Gallery Silicon Zoo Pharmaceuticals Chip Shots ... Movie Gallery Polarization of Light Sunlight and almost every other form of natural and artificial illumination produces light waves whose electric field vectors vibrate in all planes that are perpendicular with respect to the direction of propagation. If the electric field vectors are restricted to a single plane by filtration of the beam with specialized materials, then the light is referred to as plane or linearly polarized with respect to the direction of propagation, and all waves vibrating in a single plane are termed plane parallel or plane-polarized Introduction to Polarized Light - The human eye lacks the ability to distinguish between randomly oriented and polarized light, and plane-polarized light can only be detected through an intensity or color effect, for example, by reduced glare when wearing polarized sun glasses. In effect, humans cannot differentiate between the high contrast real images observed in a polarized light microscope and identical images of the same specimens captured digitally (or on film), and then projected onto a screen with light that is not polarized. The first clues to the existence of polarized light surfaced around 1669 when Erasmus Bartholin discovered that crystals of the mineral Iceland spar (more commonly referred to as calcite ) produce a double image when objects are viewed through the crystals in transmitted light. During his experiments, Bartholin also observed a quite unusual phenomenon. When the calcite crystals are rotated about their axis, one of the images moves in a circle around the other, providing strong evidence that the crystals are somehow splitting the light into two different beams.

97. Physik: Zeittafel Historische Daten aus Physik und Technik ab dem 16. Jahrhundert, die für den Physikunterricht in Category World Deutsch Naturwissenschaften Physik Geschichte...... http://szallies.de/Zeittafel.htm

Zeittafel zur Physik Historische Daten aus Physik und Technik ab dem 16. Jahrhundert, die für den Physikunterricht in der Schule von besonderer Bedeutung sind (eine subjektive Auswahl, zusammengestellt von Bernhard Szallies, Karlstraße 14, 38106 Braunschweig) Nikolaus Kopernikus (1473-1543): Heliozentrisches Weltsystem Tycho Brahe (1546-1601) baut eine Sternwarte; äußerst präzise Himmelsbeobachtungen (vor der Erfindung des Fernrohrs), die später von Kepler ausgewertet werden. Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) untersucht Pendelschwingungen und stellt die Abhängigkeit der Schwingungsdauer von der Pendellänge fest. Giordano Bruno (1548-1600): Idee, dass Fixsterne ihrerseits Zentren von anderen Planetensystemen seien. Simon Stevin (1548-1620): Theorie der schiefen Ebene, Kräfteparallelogramm; Äquivalenz von schwerer und träger Masse Simon Stevin (1548-1620): Druck in Flüssigkeiten; Erklärung des hydrostatischen Paradoxons; kommunizierende Röhren William Gilbert (1544-1603): Untrennbarkeit der Magnetpole; Begriff "Elektrizität"; Erde als Kugelmagnet Johannes Kepler (1571-1630) :2. keplersches Gesetz; 1. kepl. Gesetz (1605); 3. kepl. Gesetz (1618)

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