41. Faculty Profile: Herbert Kroemer herbert kroemer shared the 2000 nobel Prize in physics for developing semiconductorheterostructures used in high-speed and optoelectronics. http://www.catalog.ucsb.edu/2002cat/profiles/kroemer.htm

Herbert Kroemer Professor, H erbert Kroemer shared the 2000 Nobel Prize in physics for developing semiconductor hetero-structures used in high-speed and optoelectronics. His basic research helped usher in a new era, one that made compact disc players, high-speed fiber optics, cell phones and many other conveniences part of our everyday world. Kroemer’s theoretical interests were clear in his first job with the German Postal Service in 1952. “That was in the early days of transistors,” he says. “I became interested in why they were so slow.” Always ahead of his time, in 1976 Kroemer persuaded the Department of Electrical Engineering at UCSB to put all of the resources it had available for expanding a small semiconductor research program into the emerging compound semiconductor technology instead of into mainstream silicon technology. He became the first member of the new research section, founding what has grown into a large group that is second to none in the physics and technology of compound semiconductors. Back to Profiles UCSB Home Office of the Registrar No Frames Version ... Other UC Catalogs

42. Sigma Xi: The Scientific Research Society: Nobel Laureates About Sigma Xi » Overview » nobel Laureates Lewis Perl 1995 Frederick Reines 1996David M. Lee 1997 William D. Phillips 2000 herbert kroemer 2002 Raymond http://www.sigmaxi.org/about/overview/nobel.shtml

Overview Leadership Organization News ... Contact Us About: Overview Leadership Organization News Support Sigma Xi ... Contact Us Search: Site Map Home Overview Physics 1907 Albert Michelson 1921 Albert Einstein 1923 Robert A. Millikan 1925 James Franck 1927 Arthur H. Compton 1936 Carl D. Anderson 1937 Clinton J. Davisson 1938 Enrico Fermi 1939 Ernest O. Lawrence 1943 Otto Stern 1944 Isidor Isaac Rabi 1945 Wolfgang Pauli 1946 Percy Williams Bridgman 1952 Felix Bloch 1952 Edward M. Purcell 1955 Polykarp Kusch 1955 Willis E. Lamb, Jr. 1956 John Bardeen 1956 Walter H. Brattain 1956 William Shockley 1957 Chen Ning Yang 1958 Igor Y. Tamm 1959 Owen Chamberlain 1959 Emilio G. Segre 1960 Donald A. Glaser 1961 Robert Hofstadter 1963 Eugene P. Wigner

43. Untitled of Laureates to attend the meeting linked to the www.nobel.se webpage Ivar Huber,Robert Josephson, Brian Von Klitzing, Klaus kroemer, herbert Lamb, Willis http://www.phys.vt.edu/~ucn/Lindau2001/laureate.html

List of Laureates to attend the meeting linked to the www.nobel.se webpage with info about each. Alferov, Zhores Chu, Steven Esaki, Leo Fischer, Ernst ... Arber, Werner

44. Alferov Kroemer Kilby Translate this page Jaurès Alferov et herbert kroemer et Jack Kilby Le 94ème prix nobel de Physiquea été conjointement attribué pour une moitié au Russe Jaurès Alferov http://www.cegep-st-laurent.qc.ca/depar/physique/hisAlfe.htm

Jaurès Alferov et Herbert Kroemer et Jack Kilby Prix Nobel : 2000 M. Alferov dirige l'Institut de recherches physico-techniques de Saint-Petersbourg; M. Kroemer transistors rapides diodes lasers M. Kilby La Vladimir Poutine "Aujourd'hui, la Science figure, dans le budget, sur la même ligne que la chasse et la pêche!", dit, amer, le directeur de l'Institut de la Physique de la Terre, Vladimir Strakhov. Michel Voss

45. Professor Herbert Kroemer Professor herbert kroemer. Professor herbert kroemer 2000 nobel PhysicsLaureate. ECE Department and Materials Department Room 4107 http://www.punjabilok.com/science/herb_kroem.htm

Garma Garam Saddi Dharti Sadde Log The land of five rivers Punjabi Millennium Sabhyachaar Books Literature Fiction Humor ... Poetry Faith and Religion Sikhism Sufi and Bhakti Tradition Arya Samaj Hinduism ... Islam Rasoi Punjabi Delicacies Exotic Recipes Education Institutions Studying Abroad Career... Tourism Destination Punjab Links Media Newspapers Magazines Television Online ... Radio More Health InfoTech Science Environment ... Fashion At Your Service Weather Matrimonials Free e-mail Free Web Pages ... Home Science Professor Herbert Kroemer Professor Herbert Kroemer 2000 Nobel Physics Laureate ECE Department and Materials Department Room 4107 Engineering I University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9560 (805) 893-3078 (Voice) and -8714 (Fax) kroemer@ece.ucsb.edu Professor Kroemer received a Ph.D. in Theoretical Physics in 1952 from the University of Göttingen, Germany, with a dissertation on hot-electron effects in the then-new transistor, setting the stage for a career in research on the physics of semiconductors and semiconductor devices. Following work in a number of research laboratories in Germany and the USA, Kroemer persuaded the ECE Department at UCSB in 1976 to put all resources it had available for expanding their small semiconductor research program, not into mainstream silicon technology, but into the emerging compound semiconductor technology. In this field, Kroemer saw an opportunity for UCSB to become one of the leading institutions. He himself became the first member of the group, thus founding what has indeed grown into a large group that is second to none in the physics and technology of compound semiconductors and devices based on them.

46. FIZIKAI NOBEL-DIJ - 2000 évi Fizikai nobeldíjjal azokat a tudósokat és feltalálókat Technikai Intézet,Szentpétervár, Oroszország), és herbert kroemer (Kaliforniai Egyetem http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz0102/belez.html

Fizikai Szemle honlap Tartalomjegyzék Fizikai Szemle 2001/2. 56.o. FIZIKAI NOBEL-DÍJ - 2000 Beleznay Ferenc MTA MFA Minden évben, október elején a világ fizikusai, vegyészei, biológusai, orvosai; kicsit tán más gondolatokkal, de közgazdászai, írói, sõt újabban politikusai is érdeklõdéssel várják, hogy a Nobel Bizottság bejelentse az azévi kitüntetetteket. Ennek a beszámolónak az írója örömmel hallotta, hogy a fizikában ismét a félvezetõ-kutatásban jelölték meg a három kitüntetettet. Elõször idézzük a bejelentés szövegét. "A Svéd Királyi Tudományos Akadémia úgy határozott, hogy a 2000. évi Fizikai Nobel-díjjal azokat a tudósokat és feltalálókat díjazza, akik munkája a modern információtechnika (IT) alapjait fektette le gyors tranzisztorok, lézerdiódák és integrált áramkörök felfedezésével. A díj felét megosztva Zhores I. Alferov (A.F. Ioffe Fizikai-Technikai Intézet, Szentpétervár, Oroszország), és Herbert Kroemer (Kaliforniai Egyetem, Santa Barbara, Kalifornia, USA) a nagysebességû- és opto-elektronikában használt félvezetõ heteroszerkezetek kifejlesztéséért, másik felét Jack S. Kilby

47. Nobel Prize Laureates In 2000, AFOSR supported Dr. herbert kroemer (see Figure 3) who was cowinnerof the nobel Prize in physics for his work in developing semiconductor http://www.afrlhorizons.com/Briefs/Mar02/OSR0109.html

Nobel Prize Laureates The Air Force Office of Scientific Research creates a legacy of Nobel Prize-winning research. AFRL's Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Arlington, VA One of the most highly coveted and recognized awards, the Nobel Prize, recognizes those who contribute significant achievements in the areas of physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, peace, and economic sciences. The Nobel Foundation was established in 1900 and in 1901 the Nobel Prize became the first international award to be given on an annual basis. Established as outlined in his last will and testament, Dr. Alfred Nobel stated, "...the whole of my remaining realizable estate shall be dealt with in the following way...annually distributed in the form of prizes to those who, during the preceding year, shall have conferred the greatest benefit to mankind." AFOSR funded 26 Nobel Prize laureates in physics, 14 in chemistry, and 6 in physiology and medicine. The selection of Nobel Prize laureates and their respective prize citations readily demonstrates the astute ability of AFOSR program managers to choose world-class researchers to readily address Air Force (AF) requirements and advance AF programs. AFOSR-funded research created many breakthroughs in the area of physics. Drs. Polykarp Kusch and Wills Eugene Lamb shared the 1955 prize for work in "precision determination of the magnetic moment of the electron" and "discoveries concerning the fine structure of the hydrogen spectrum." The early research by these two winners resulted in the development of techniques for microwave interaction with atoms and atomic beams. One important application to the AF, and increasingly within civilian economy, is the cesium beam atomic clock, an essential part of the Global Positioning System (GPS). Without the incredibly accurate time-keeping capabilities of atomic clocks, the GPS would not be possible.

48. KROEMER UCSB professor herbert kroemer was at the top of his profession whenhe found out he shared the nobel Prize in physics last year. http://www.tls-tautenburg.de/presse/kroemer.html

Reprinted with permission from Santa Barbara News-Press (California, U.S.). Physicist reaches heights of profession By ERIC FIRPO NEWS-PRESS STAFF WRITER UCSB professor Herbert Kroemer was at the top of his profession when he found out he shared the Nobel Prize in physics last year. But his name reached new heights about 10 days ago when, out of the deep blue sky, he was informed that an astronomer named an asteroid after him. "It's one of the most unexpected consequences of getting the Nobel Prize," a chuckling Mr. Kroemer said Monday. "This is a great deal of fun, I can tell you." For that he can thank German astronomer Freimut Boerngen , who Mr. Kroemer said has a knack for discovering asteroids and a habit of naming them after prominent German scientists from his region. Mr. Kroemer, 73, said it was a bit of serendipity that led to Mr. Boerngen's decision to tag what was known as asteroid 24,751 with the name Herbert Kroemer. In June, the professor took a trip to his native Germany to give a speech at the University of Jena, where he was briefly a student before his escape from East Germany in 1948. He came to the United States in 1959, and joined the faculty at UCSB in 1976.

49. Physics Today December 2000 the 2000 nobel Prize in Physics to Zhores Alferov, director of the Ioffe PhysicoTechnicalInstitute in Saint Petersburg, Russia; herbert kroemer of the http://www.physicstoday.com/pt/vol-53/iss-12/p17.html

Back to Table of Contents Physics Nobel Prize Honors Roots of Information Age Lights out at LEP Nobel Prize in Chemistry Salutes the Discovery of Conducting Polymers ... Simple Mechanisms Help Explain Insect Hovering Site Index Physics Today Home Page Current Issue Past Contents Job Ads Upcoming Meetings Buyer's Guide About Physics Today Contact Us Advertising Information Print Ad Rates and Specs Online Ad Rates and Specs Advertiser Index Product Information Information Exchange Physics Nobel Prize Honors Roots of Information Age Jack Kilby, coinventor of the integrated circuit, and Zhores Alferov and Herbert Kroemer, early pioneers of semiconductor heterostructures, made today's electronic and communications technology possible. Zhores Alferov Jack Kilby Herbert Kroemer The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has awarded the 2000 Nobel Prize in Physics to Zhores Alferov, director of the Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute in Saint Petersburg, Russia; Herbert Kroemer of the University of California, Santa Barbara; and Jack Kilby, now retired from Texas Instruments Inc (TI) in Dallas, Texas, "for basic work on information and communication technology." Alferov and Kroemer will share half of the SKr 9 million (about $900 000) prize "for developing semiconductor heterostructures used in high-speed and opto-electronics." Kilby is to receive the other half "for his part in the invention of the integrated circuit." The twin pillars of today's electronic society are computers and communication systems. Both have grown very rapidly over the past decade, as attested by the increased role of the Internet and the World Wide Web in both business and private life. In acknowledging the impact of these technologies, the Nobel committee singled out two inventions that have been driving this development: the integrated circuit (IC) and semiconductor heterostructures.

50. Terra - Cultura Y Ciencia- Libros - Premios Nobel Translate this page Biografía herbert kroemer nació en Alemania tecnológicos, las heteroestructuraspropuestas por kroemer años antes Sueca le concedió el Premio nobel, por el http://cultura.terra.es/cac/libros/nobel/portada.cfm?idpersona=410&idpremio=199

51. Solid-state Insights Yield Physics Nobel (References And Sources): Science News about Zhores I. Alferov, Jack Kilby, and herbert kroemer and the research that earnedthe 2000 nobel Prize in Physics, see the following Web site http//www http://www.sciencenews.org/20001014/fob6ref.asp

Home page. Math Trek Disorder in the Deck Food for Thought Soy Land, Soy Land Science Safari Blasts from the Past TimeLine 70 Years Ago in Science News Week of Oct. 14, 2000; Vol. 158, No. 16 Solid-state insights yield physics Nobel The 2000 Nobel Prize in Physics went to three scientists and inventors whose work laid the foundation of modern information technology, particularly through their invention of rapid transistors, laser diodes, and integrated circuits. Further Readings: For additional information about Zhores I. Alferov, Jack Kilby, and Herbert Kroemer and the research that earned the 2000 Nobel Prize in Physics, see the following Web site: http://www.nobel.se/announcement/2000/physics.html Sources: Jack St. Clair Kilby Texas Instruments 6600 Lyndon B. Johnson Freeway Dallas, TX 75240-6514 Herbert Kroemer Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Room 4107, Engineering I University of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara, CA 93106 Thomas N. Theis IBM Research Division Thomas J. Watson Research Center

52. GSMBOX - Premio Nobel Per La Fisica Ad Alferov, Kroemer E Kilby Translate this page Il premio nobel per la fisica è stato assegnato quest'anno al russo ZhoresI. Alferov ed agli statunitensi herbert kroemer e Jack Kilby. http://it.gsmbox.com/news/mobile_news/all/16385.gsmbox

UK DE ES FR MOBILE NEWS 11 Ottobre 2000 Sezione Notizie dal Mondo Sottosezione Cronaca Segnala la notizia via SMS e EMAIL Dì la tua sull'articolo Visualizza la lista dei commenti Forum Premio Nobel per la fisica ad Alferov, Kroemer e Kilby Il premio Nobel per la fisica è stato assegnato quest'anno al russo Zhores I. Alferov ed agli statunitensi Herbert Kroemer e Jack Kilby. "Attraverso le loro invenzioni, Alferov, Kilby e Kroemer hanno gettato le basi della moderna tecnologia dell'informazione, specie grazie all'invenzione dei transistor rapidi, dei diodi laser e dei circuiti integrati", si legge nella motivazione redatta dall'Accademia delle scienze svedese. Alferov è nato a Vitebsk nel 1930 e ha lavorato presso l'istituto fisico-tecnologico A.F. Ioffe di San Pietroburgo. Kroemer, tedesco, e stato ricercatore all'università californiana di Santa Barbara. Entrambi sono stati premiati per il contributo dato allo sviluppo della tecnologia utilizzata nelle comunicazioni satellitari e nei telefoni cellulari. Jack Kilby, della Texas Instruments , è uno dei creatori della calcolatrice tascabile.

53. Welcome To The Institute The 2000 nobel Prize in Physics honored three IEEE members for their work in informationand communication technology. herbert kroemer and Zhores I. Alferov http://www.spectrum.ieee.org/INST/apr2001/fnobel.html

TOC April 2003 IEEE Links IEEE Home IEEE Spectrum Online IEEE Spectrum Careers IEEE Job Site IEEEXplore OnlineStore AboutIEEE IEEE Media Advertising Join IEEE Web Account IEEE Conferences IEEE USA Career Guidance Education Ethics Financial Advantage ... Sign Up for The Institute Email Alert April 2003 - Feature Story Less than Ideal Jobs for Graduates April 2003 - Feature Story Closing In On The Next President-Elect As the race for the 2004 IEEE President-Elect gets going, voters should become better acquainted with the candidates nominated by the IEEE Board of Directors. April 2003 Mid-Year Joiners Pay Half If you've been trying to convince your colleagues to join the IEEE but have had no luck, tell them that if they join now, it's late enough in the year so they'll be paying the half-year rate. April 2003 Dues Discount Expanded for Recent Graduates in 2004 Reduced dues for recent graduates have been expanded to include all graduating Student Members, not just those receiving their first professional degree like a bachelor's or its equivalent.

54. Premio Nobel 2000 - Diario De Yucatán Translate this page Zhores I. Alferov y los estadounidenses herbert kroemer y Jack Kilby, pioneros delas nuevas tecnologías de la información, el Premio Nóbel de Física 2000. http://www.yucatan.com.mx/especiales/nobel2000/11100001.asp

Premios Nóbel 2000 Publicación del 11 de octubre de 2000 Conceden a pioneros de las tecnologías de información el Nóbel de Física 2000 Los galardonados, dos estadounidenses y un ruso ESTOCOLMO, 10 de octubre (France Presse y AP).— La Real Academia Sueca de Ciencias dio a conocer hoy que otorgó al ruso Zhores I. Alferov y los estadounidenses Herbert Kroemer y Jack Kilby, pioneros de las nuevas tecnologías de la información, el Premio Nóbel de Física 2000. La mitad del premio fue atribuida a Alferov y Kroemer y la otra mitad, a Kilby. La Academia explicó que decidió otorgar el Nóbel a estos “científicos cuyos trabajos sentaron las bases de las nuevas tecnologías de la información, en particular mediante sus invenciones de los transistores rápidos, de los diodos láser y de los circuitos integrados”. El ruso Zhores Alferov, nacido en 1930, que dirige el Instituto de Física y Técnica de San Petersburgo, y Herbert Kromer, nacido en 1928 en Alemania y que trabaja en la Universidad de California, en Santa Bárbara, fueron distinguidos por “el desarrollo de heteroestructuras semiconductoras para la electrónica rápida y la optoelectrónica”. Los dos científicos desarrollaron los transistores rápidos utilizados en los satélites de telecomunicaciones y en las estaciones de base de los teléfonos móviles.

55. Nobel Laureates Aided Information Age I. Alferov (see SPIE Member Zhores Alferov awarded nobel Prize, SPIE Scene), directorof the AF Ioffe PhysicoTechnical Institute, and herbert kroemer, Univ. http://www.spie.org/web/oer/december/dec00/nobel.html

Number 204 December 2000 New Applications for Lasers Revolutionizing Light: LEDs, ELDs, and OLEDs ... Symposium Announcements Bylined articles in OE Reports reflect the author's opinion; inclusion in this publication does not necessarily constitute endorsement by the editors or by SPIE. Nobel Laureates aided Information Age Zhores Alferov Jack S. Kilby Herbert Kroemer Hideki Shirakawa Alan Heeger Alan MacDiarmid The invention of the transistor, integrated circuit, and semiconductor heterostructures spawned a technological revolution that has culminated in the Information Age. Without these technologies, computers and the Internet wouldn't exist. Recognizing the discoveries that ushered in this hi-tech era, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awarded the 2000 Nobel Prize in Physics to Jack S. Kilby of Texas Instruments for the invention of the integrated circuit; and Zhores I. Alferov (see SPIE Member Zhores Alferov awarded Nobel Prize, SPIE Scene ), director of the A.F. Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, and Herbert Kroemer, Univ. of California/Santa Barbara, for the semiconductor heterostructure, which is important in microelectronics (heterojunction bipolar transistor, high electron mobility transistor) and for laser diodes and LEDs. These developments spawned the new field of optoelectronics, the merger of optics and electronics in a hybrid manner. "We do have integration on the circuit board level," said SPIE Technical Director Jit Rai-Choudhury. "Though theoretically possible on an integrated circuit chip, it is not as cost-effective to fabricate III-V compounds alongside silicon, though there is promise with the development of conducting polymers."

56. CNN.com - IT And Plastics Pioneers Win Nobel Prizes - October 10, 2000 herbert kroemer is a Germanborn researcher at the University of California at SantaBarbara Petersburg, is the first Russian to win a nobel prize since Mikhail http://www.cnn.com/2000/WORLD/europe/10/10/sweden.nobel/

world europe Editions myCNN ... Feedback CNN Sites CNN CNN Europe CNNfn CNNSI myCNN CNNfyi AllPolitics Languages Search CNN.com CNNSI.com CNNfn.com The Web WORLD TOP STORIES Thousands dead in India; quake toll rapidly rising Israelis, Palestinians make final push before Israeli election Gates pledges $100 million for AIDS Davos protesters face tear gas ... MORE TOP STORIES Thousands dead in India; quake toll rapidly rising Israelis, Palestinians make final push before Israeli election Davos protesters face tear gas MORE ... MORE MARKETS 4:30pm ET, 4/16 DJIA NAS SPORTS Jordan says farewell for the third time ... LOCAL EDITIONS: CNN.com Europe change default edition MULTIMEDIA: video video archive audio multimedia showcase ... more services E-MAIL: Subscribe to one of our news e-mail lists Enter your address: DISCUSSION: chat feedback CNN WEB SITES: CNNfyi.com CNN.com Europe AsiaNow Spanish ... Korean Headlines TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW CNN NETWORKS: CNN anchors transcripts Turner distribution SITE INFO: help contents search ad info ... jobs WEB SERVICES: IT and plastics pioneers win Nobel prizes STOCKHOLM, Sweden Three Russian and U.S. scientists and inventors have won the 2000 Nobel Prize in physics for their work in laying the foundations of information technology.

57. Since 1901 The Nobel Prize Is Annually Awarded For Achievements The nobel Prize in Physics Laureates. 2001 - Eric A. Cornell, WolfgangKetterle, Carl E. Wieman. 2000 - herbert J. kroemer, Zhores I. Alferov. http://www.aro.army.mil/accomplish/nobel/nobelprize02.htm

Since 1901 the Nobel Prize is annually awarded for achievements in physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. On December 10th, the anniversary of Alfred Nobel's death, the Nobel prize is presented to laureates during a ceremony in Stockholm, Sweden. The Army Research Office sponsored the work of many Nobel laureates over the years and their research has dramatically impacted our national defense. Listed below are ARO sponsored Nobel laureates. The Nobel Prize in Physics - Laureates Eric A. Cornell, Wolfgang Ketterle, Carl E. Wieman Herbert J. Kroemer, Zhores I. Alferov Daniel Tsui David M. Lee ... Polykarp Kusch, Willis E. Lamb The Nobel Prize in Chemistry- Laureates Alan J. Heeger, Alan G. MacDiarmid Richard E. Smalley, Robert F. Curl George A. Olah Donald J. Cram ... Robert Burns Woodward

58. Techweb > News > Nobel Prize > Nobel Committee Honors Fathers Of Digital Age > O Two of the fathers of the Internet, honored with nobel prizes this week (stock TXN),who invented the integrated circuit, and Professor herbert kroemer of the http://www.techweb.com/wire/story/TWB20001012S0014

Identity Management LANs Network Security Desktop Applications ... Application Traffic Management Choose site ... TechWeb (All Sites) TechWeb Features InformationWeek InternetWeek Network Computing Optimize The Open Enterprise Government Enterprise advanced Free Newsletters TechEncyclopedia TechCalendar ... Contact Us TechWeb Network: InformationWeek InternetWeek Network Computing Network Magazine ... Transform Nobel Committee Honors Fathers Of Digital Age October 12, 2000 (7:17 p.m. EST) By Brian Fuller , EE Times SAN FRANCISCO Two of the fathers of the Internet, honored with Nobel prizes this week, defended public funding of basic research as key to unlocking future applications that society hasn't even dreamed of. Jack Kilby of Texas Instruments Inc. (stock: TXN ), who invented the integrated circuit, and Professor Herbert Kroemer of the University of California, Santa Barbara, who devised semiconductor heterostructures, won the physics prize. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences also conferred a physics prize on Russian scientist Zhores I. Alferov, who worked in parallel but separately from Kroemer on heterostructures. The physics award, announced in Stockholm, Sweden, carries a $915,000 prize, of which Kilby will receive half; Kroemer and Alferov will split the other half.

59. Herbert Kroemer Translate this page O cientista de origem alemã herbert kroemer desenvolveu semicondutores kroemer ensinoufísica na Universidade de Boulder Volte para o especial Prêmio nobel, http://www.terra.com.br/mundo/2000/10/11/063.htm

60. Nobel E-Museum 2001 Eric A. Cornell, Wolfgang Ketterle, Carl E. Wieman. 2000 - Zhores I. Alferov,herbert kroemer, Jack S. Kilby. Conflict Map. The nobel Literature Radio. http://nobel.sdsc.edu/

2002 - Raymond Davis Jr., Masatoshi Koshiba, Riccardo Giacconi 2001 - Eric A. Cornell, Wolfgang Ketterle, Carl E. Wieman 2000 - Zhores I. Alferov, Herbert Kroemer, Jack S. Kilby 1999 - Gerardus 't Hooft, Martinus J.G. Veltman ... 1998 - John Hume, David Trimble Find a Laureate Search this site On November 27, 1895, Alfred Nobel signed his last will in Paris, briefly outlining his vision of five prizes for those who during the past year have done humanity the greatest service. The Will - Slide Show Laser Challenge The Transistor Chirality - Chemistry 2001 ... Tell us what you think about this site! Last modified April 18, 2003 The Official Web Site of The Nobel Foundation

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