81. Thabit Gives information on background and contributions to noneuclidean geometry, spherical trigonometry, number theory and the field of statics. Was an important translator of greek materials, including Euclid's Elements, during the Middle Ages. http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Thabit.html

Al-Sabi Thabit ibn Qurra al-Harrani Born: 826 in Harran, Mesopotamia (now Turkey) Died: 18 Feb 901 in Baghdad, (now in Iraq) Click the picture above to see a larger version Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Thabit ibn Qurra was a native of Harran and a member of the Sabian sect. The Sabian religious sect were star worshippers from Harran often confused with the Mandaeans (as they are in [1]). Of course being worshipers of the stars meant that there was strong motivation for the study of astronomy and the sect produced many quality astronomers and mathematicians. The sect, with strong Greek connections, had in earlier times adopted Greek culture, and it was common for members to speak Greek although after the conquest of the Sabians by Islam, they became Arabic speakers. There was another language spoken in southeastern Turkey, namely Syriac, which was based on the East Aramaic dialect of Edessa. This language was Thabit ibn Qurra's native language, but he was fluent in both Greek and Arabic. Some accounts say that Thabit was a money changer as a young man. This is quite possible but some historians do not agree. Certainly he inherited a large family fortune and must have come from a family of high standing in the community.

82. Thales Considered by some to be one of greek's first philosophers. Discovered method of measuring the Egyptian pyramids by using the sun's shadow. Page discusses biography and possible credit for discovering some basic geometric principles. http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Thales.html

Thales of Miletus Born: about 624 BC in Miletus, Asia Minor (now Turkey) Died: about 547 BC in Miletus, Asia Minor (now Turkey) Click the picture above to see five larger pictures Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Thales of Miletus was the son of Examyes and Cleobuline. His parents are said by some to be from Miletus but others report that they were Phoenicians. J Longrigg writes in [1]:- But the majority opinion considered him a true Milesian by descent, and of a distinguished family. Thales seems to be the first known Greek philosopher, scientist and mathematician although his occupation was that of an engineer. He is believed to have been the teacher of Anaximander (611 BC - 545 BC) and he was the first natural philosopher in the Milesian School. However, none of his writing survives so it is difficult to determine his views or to be certain about his mathematical discoveries. Indeed it is unclear whether he wrote any works at all and if he did they were certainly lost by the time of Aristotle who did not have access to any writings of Thales. On the other hand there are claims that he wrote a book on navigation but these are based on little evidence. In the book on navigation it is suggested that he used the constellation Ursa Minor, which he defined, as an important feature in his navigation techniques. Even if the book is fictitious, it is quite probable that Thales did indeed define the constellation Ursa Minor.

83. Greece - Greek Math Andrew Wilson explains that in the Classical Age greek counting used ChronologicalList of mathematicians List of mathematicians, beginning with Ahmes in 1650 http://ancienthistory.about.com/cs/greekmath/

zfp=-1 var z336=0; About History Ancient/Classical History Search in this topic on About on the Web in Products Web Hosting in partnership with Ancient/Classical History with N.S. Gill Your Guide to one of hundreds of sites Home Articles Forums ... Help zmhp('style="color:#fff"') This Week's Articles tod('tih'); Today in History Daily Quiz tod('pod'); Picture of the Day Special Subscription Offers Subscribe Now Choose One: Subscribe Customer Service Subjects A to Z COLOSSEUM Cleopatra Pictures WEAPONS WARFARE ... All articles on this topic Stay up-to-date! Subscribe to our newsletter. Advertising Free Credit Report Free Psychics Advertisement Greece - Greek Math Resources on ancient Greek mathematics, calculations, geometry, and on Zeno, Archimedes, and Roman numerals. Archimedes Basic information on Archimedes, the Greek mathematician of Syracuse. Euclid An Alexandrian mathematician and teacher, Euclid is most famous for his geometry with its logical deductions, axioms and postulates. Proclus Diadochus Proclus Diadochus was the head of the Academy and a follower of Neoplatonism known for his Commentary on Euclid's Geometry. Greece: Astronomy Information on the Greeks' calculations of time, the constellations, measurement, geometry, and the solar system.

84. Historyforkids! Listings of websites and webpages that are devoted to a particular Latin or greek author, including texts.Category Arts Classical Studies...... mathematicians born http://www-adm.pdx.edu/user/sinq/greekciv/science/mathematics/IT.html

SEARCH THE H4K SITE VISIT H4K'S STORE! H4K HOME ... CONTACT H4K TIMELINE: Before 10,000 BC 10,000-3000 BC 3000-2000 BC 2000-1000 BC ... Patterns for Theatrical Costumes Katherine Strand Holkeboer New $20.91! (Prices May Change) Privacy Information GEOGRAPHY: CHINA INDIA WEST ASIA GREECE ... Dr. Atkins' Three-Book Package Robert C. Atkins New $27.82! (Prices May Change) Privacy Information H4K HOME This site has been replaced by a new, much bigger (and privately funded) site run by the same person at www.historyforkids.org Check it out! Thank you for visiting us! H4K LESSON PLANS FOR TEACHERS H4K PARENTS' ... Donations

85. TMTh:: Ancient Greek Technologists BIOLOGISTS BOTANISTS CHEMISTS ENGINEERS GEOGRAPHERS INVENTORS mathematicians METEOROLOGISTSPHARMACOLOGISTS about the life and Work of Ancient greek Scientists http://www.tmth.edu.gr/en/aet/1.html

Home Ancient Greek Scientists AGRICULTURALISTS ARCHITECTS ARTISTS ASTRONOMERS ... ZENO OF ELEA Read about the life and Work of Ancient Greek Scientists. Choose the desired category from the list on the left and the desired scientist from the list on the right Based on the Greek book: K. Georgakopoulos, "Ancient Greek Scientists", Athens, 1995 Contact the Technology Museum

86. Mathematicians For a more complete list of mathematicians, click on index of mathematicians. Name,Nationality, Year, Achievements. Thales, greek, 634548 BC, introduced deductive G. http://members.fortunecity.com/kokhuitan/mathematicians.html

Great Mathematicians and Their Achievements Mathematics exist before 1900 BC, in great civilizations everywhere, including China, India, Babylon etc. However, the first record of Mathematical manuscripts is found in Egypt, namely, the Moscow Papyrus and the Rhind Papyrus. In the 'Achievement' column below, the notations are as follows: AG = Analytic Geometry Al = Algebra Ar = Arithmetic As = Astronomy C = Calculus DE = Differential Equation FM = Foundation of Mathematics G = Geometry GT = Group Theory L = Logic M = Mechanics N = Number Theory P = Probability RM = Recreational Mathematics S = Statistic ST = Set Theory T = Topology The list here is not exhaustive. The mathematicians listed here are either pioneers in various fields of Mathematics, or those who have contributed to almost all fields, or those who have settled unsolved problems. For a more complete list of mathematicians, click on index of mathematicians Name Nationality Year Achievements Egyptian 1900 BC Moscow Papyrus (25 problems on G Ahmes Egyptian 1700 BC Rhind Papyrus (84 problems on Ar, Al, G

87. Famous Mathematicians (Reference) The following list contains some of the great mathematicians throughhistory. Archimedes (287–212 BC); greek; Algebra, Calculus, Pi. http://teachervision.com/lesson-plans/lesson-4360.html

Explore Our Sites... Family Education Network Home Shop at PearsonAtSchool SchoolCash PARENTS FamilyEducation MySchoolOnline TEACHERS TeacherVision Quiz Lab MyGradeBook MySchoolOnline REFERENCE Infoplease Fact Monster KIDS FEkids FunBrain Fact Monster TEENS FEteens Teacher Home Lesson Planning Center Lesson Plans ... Help Famous Mathematicians From Hands-On Math Projects with Real-Life Applications The following list contains some of the great mathematicians through history. It offers dates, ethnic origins, and major fields of study. Ahmes (about 1650 B.C.); Egyptian; Geometry. Grade Levels: Related Topics: History of mathematics Mathematicians Related Themes: Biographies Math Printer-Friendly Version Subject Areas Literature Mathematics Music Technology Science Special Needs Social Studies New Teacher Quizzes Worksheets Newsletters Book Samples ... Privacy

88. Greek Mathematics And Its Modern Heirs Library of Congress. Includes articles and original document images of early greek contributions to Category Science Math History...... For over a thousand yearsfrom the fifth century BC to the fifth century ADgreekmathematicians maintained a splendid tradition of work in the exact sciences http://www.ibiblio.org/expo/vatican.exhibit/exhibit/d-mathematics/Greek_math.htm

Greek Mathematics and its Modern Heirs Classical Roots of the Scientific Revolution Euclid, Elements In Greek, Ninth century Euclid's "Elements," written about 300 B.C., a comprehensive treatise on geometry, proportions, and the theory of numbers, is the most long-lived of all mathematical works. This manuscript preserves an early version of the text. Shown here is Book I Proposition 47, the Pythagorean Theorem: the square on the hypotenuse of a right triangle is equal to the sum of the squares on the sides. This is a famous and important theorem that receives many notes in the manuscript. Vat. gr. 190, vol. 1 fols. 38 verso - 39 recto math01 NS.01 Archimedes, Works In Latin, Translated by Jacobus Cremonensis, ca. 1458 In the early 1450's, Pope Nicholas V commissioned Jacobus de Sancto Cassiano Cremonensis to make a new translation of Archimedes with the commentaries of Eutocius. This became the standard version and was finally printed in 1544. This early and very elegant manuscript may have been in the possession of Piero della Francesca before coming to the library of the Duke of Urbino. The pages displayed here show the beginning of Archimedes' "On Conoids and Spheroids" with highly ornate, and rather curious, illumination. Urb. lat. 261 fol. 44 verso - 45 recto math02 NS.17

89. Greek History - Greek Science And Its Influence On Western Civilization For over a thousand years (from the fifth century BC to the fifth century AD) Greekmathematicians maintained a splendid tradition of work in the exact sciences http://www.hellenism.net/eng/history-math.htm

Ancient Greek Mathematics Have you ever wondered who was responsible for making those complicated theorems that we use in geometry and algebra? What about the fact that certain intersecting lines are called rectangles or triangles? Where did all of these interesting ideas come from? Most of these ideas came from the great minds of mathematicians from ancient Greece. If it wasn't for these Mathematicians, we would have a harder time solving mathematical problems. For example, modern architects would have a harder time calculating distances as they would not know that the sum of the squares of two sides of a right triangle equals the square of its hypotenuse (Pythagorean Theorem). These ideas have formed the basis for the advancement of science in western civilization. The mathematics and astronomy of the Greeks had been known in medieval western Europe only through often imperfect translations, some of them made from Arabic intermediary texts rather than the Greek originals. Greek Influence - Main Page Ancient Greek Agriculure Ancient Greek Astronomy Ancient Greek Earth Science ... Ancient Greek Medicine For over a thousand years (from the fifth century B.C. to the fifth century A.D.) Greek mathematicians maintained a splendid tradition of work in the exact sciences: mathematics, astronomy, and related fields. Though the early synthesis of Euclid and some of the supremely brilliant works of Archimedes were known in the medieval west, this tradition really survived elsewhere. In Byzantium, the capital of the Greek-speaking Eastern empire, the original Greek texts were copied and preserved. In the Islamic world, in locales that ranged from Spain to Persia, the texts were studied in Arabic translations and fundamental new work was done.

90. DMS: Mathematicians mathematicians. http://www.fcasd.edu/schools/dms/math.htm

Mathematicians Sophie Germain , Math's Hidden Woman Index of Biographies Sophie Germain 4000 Years of Women in Science Mathematics ... M. C. Escher Because links outside the district are beyond our control, we are not responsible for their availability or content. Go to.... DMS Home About DMS Calendar Faculty Homework Hotline Library Lunch Menu DMS Slide Show Happenings Our Favorite Links Project Links Student Work Team News Webmaster This page last updated

91. 10.2. Archimedes (287? -212 B.C.) him fame that lasts to this very day. He was one of the last great greekmathematicians. Born in 287 BC, in Syracuse, a greek seaport http://www.shu.edu/projects/reals/history/archimed.html

10.2. Archimedes (287? -212 B.C.) IRA Archimedes is considered one of the three greatest mathematicians of all time along with Newton and Gauss. In his own time, he was known as "the wise one," "the master" and "the great geometer" and his works and inventions brought him fame that lasts to this very day. He was one of the last great Greek mathematicians. Born in 287 B.C., in Syracuse, a Greek seaport colony in Sicily, Archimedes was the son of Phidias, an astronomer. Except for his studies at Euclid's school in Alexandria, he spent his entire life in his birthplace. Archimedes proved to be a master at mathematics and spent most of his time contemplating new problems to solve, becoming at times so involved in his work that he forgot to eat. Lacking the blackboards and paper of modern times, he used any available surface, from the dust on the ground to ashes from an extinguished fire, to draw his geometric figures. Never giving up an opportunity to ponder his work, after bathing and anointing himself with olive oil, he would trace figures in the oil on his own skin. Eureka! eureka!

92. Does God Play Dice? The Mathematics Of Chaos Chapter 2 Equations for Everything. greek Science. Problems. 18th centurymathematicians could set up equations, but could not solve them! http://people.uncw.edu/hermanr/chaos/stewart.htm

Does God Play Dice? The Mathematics of Chaos The following is a list of important terms, concepts and people following the text by Ian Stewart. This is not meant to replace the reading of the text, but is only a list of highlights. Chapter 1 Chaos from Order Order/Disorder; Harmony/Chaos The search for order had practically implied that prediction was needed Natural cycles The is a need for Mathematics. (Wigner, Newton) If we can find the laws of motion, then we can understand celestial motions Revolution in Scientific Thought - Universe behaves like a giant mechanism, a Clockwork World. Rates of Change and Differential Equations are needed to describe the universe. These lead to dynamical systems. Pierre Simon de Laplace - Classical Determinism Hyperion, a puzzle in the solar system. Chaos - stochastic behavior in a deterministic system Iterations, convergence, intermittency Sources of Error in computation Chapter 2 Equations for Everything Greek Science Thales of Miletus (about 624-546 BC) Solar eclipse prediction The Pythagoreans ( Pythagoras ((about 569-475 BC)) Eudoxus (408-355 BC) Apollonius (about 262-190 BC)- epicycles Claudius Ptolemaeus (Ptolemy) (100-160 in book about 85-165 at website) Refined epicycles, stuck for 1500 yrs

93. Greek & Math their nets and significance. Map of ancient Greece and list of greekmathematicians, Polyhedra figures can be rotated. Maps of greek http://www.css.edu/users/aguckin/GreekAndMath.htm

September 1999 Polygons, Polyhedra and Ancient Greece Greek influence on mathematics Platonic Solids and their nets and significance Map of ancient Greece and list of Greek mathematicians Polyhedra - figures can be rotated Polyhedra - elaborate and attractive Polyhedra - and instructions for making; some elaborate Elementary discussion of Polygons Polyhedra - slide models Naming Polygons Zonohedra and related links Classifying Polyhedra - Schlafli Symbols Glossary for clasification of polyhedra Archimedean solids Truncated solids and dual polyhedra Patterns for Archimedean solids Euler's Formula Platonic Solids - a more formal treatment Return to Dr. Guckin's Home Page Return to Math Websites

94. Four Problems Of Antiquity Four Problems Of Antiquity. Three geometric questions raised by the early Greekmathematicians attained the status of classical problems in Mathematics. http://www.cut-the-knot.com/arithmetic/antiquity.shtml

CTK Exchange Front Page Movie shortcuts Personal info ... Recommend this site Four Problems Of Antiquity Three geometric questions raised by the early Greek mathematicians attained the status of classical problems in Mathematics. These are: Doubling of the cube Construct a cube whose volume is double that of a given one. Angle trisection Trisect an arbitrary angle. Squaring a circle Construct a square whose area equals that of a given circle. Often another problem is attached to the list: Construct a regular heptagon (a polygon with 7 sides.) The problems are legendary not because they did not have solutions, or the solutions they had were unusually hard. No, numerous simple solutions have been found yet by Greek mathematicians. The problem was in that all known solutions violated an important condition for this kind of problems, one condition imposed by the Greek mathematicians themselves: Valid solutions to the construction problems are assumed to consist of a finite number of steps of only two kinds: drawing a straight line with a ruler (or rather a straightedge as no marks are allowed on the ruler) and drawing a circle. You are referred to solutions of problems and as examples of existent solutions. That no solution exists subject to the self-imposed constraints have been proven only in the 19th century.

95. ¼Æ¾Ç¸ê°Tºô-¤H¤å¡G¼Æ¾Ç®a The summary for this Chinese (Traditional) page contains characters that cannot be correctly displayed in this language/character set. http://infomath.nctu.edu.tw/Human/people.html

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