41. Journey Through Genie: German Advancements In Science And Mathematics and moderns been more clearly stated. (5) An antimath sentiment in general wasevolving among the science community, causing german mathematicians to unite http://personal.nbnet.nb.ca/michaels/german.htm

Journey Through Genie: German Advancements in Science and Mathematics written for Dr. R. Hempel, History 2601 on March 31, 1997 by Andrew RW Sharpe References below Another great German mathematician, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-1716), is today given partial credit for the discovery of calculus along with Isaac Newton. However, this was not the case druing his life, as he was accused of plagiarism. Leibniz was a man far ahead of his time; along with his involvement in the birth of calculus, he also designed a model of a digital computing machine, invented determinants, had a hand in the origin of complex numbers, developed combinatorics, was a great philosopher and a tremendous tribute to his nation. Even today, two hundred and eighty-one years after his death, we still underestimate his contribution to modern science and mathematics. A rivalry between Britain and the German states began to evolve in the late nineteenth century, sparked both by August Borsig's railway plant and Friedrich Krupp's steel production. Borsig's locomotives became known all over Europe as the fastest and most powerful, a distinction previously held by the British. Krupp and sons' cannons were also known as the finest in Europe, and he sold them to many neighbouring nations who later used them against Germany. This rivalry would later extend to the ship building industry, and serve as a catalyst in the outbreak of World War I. "On the threshold of the age of modern empirical science in Germany stands Alexander von Humboldt (1769-1850)."

42. MATHEMATICS UNBOUND: Technische Universität Berlin (Germany). The Effects of Nazi Germanyon the International Participation of german mathematicians . http://www.math.virginia.edu/MathUnbound/Flyer1.html

Mathematics Unbound: The Evolution of an International Mathematical Community, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA 27 – 29 May 1999 Conference announcement As part of its "Emphasis Year in the History of Mathematics, " the University of Virginia will be hosting a three-day symposium, entitled Mathematics Unbound: The Evolution of an International Mathematical Community, 1800-1945 , from 27 to 29 May 1999. This symposium aims to shed light on the historical processes and interactions involved in the development of what has become an international community of mathematicians. Today's mathematical community takes its international character very much for granted, but this current status is a relatively recent phenomenon. During the period from 1800 to 1945, a time of immense political and cultural upheaval, mathematicians (and other scientists) evolved from being relatively isolated practitioners within their own national communities into members of an extended society of fellow scholars to whom the quest for the advancement of mathematical knowledge transcended national boundaries. To date, much historical scholarship has focused on the development of

43. Mathematical Institutes In Berlin The german mathematicians are proud that, at the end of this century, with BerlinGermany was again chosen as the site of an ICM and as a symbol of a new and http://elib.zib.de/ICM98/Org/math-in-berlin.html

ICM'98 Mathematical Institutes in Berlin There are three universities in Berlin. The oldest is the , founded in 1809, one of whose first professors of mathematics was Dirichlet, the , founded in 1879, and the , which started in 1948 in the American sector and which today is one of the largest universities in Germany. Besides the university departments there are two major research institutes, the , and the . Berlin also hosts the editorial office of the . In 1991 a new university was founded in Potsdam, a city neighboring Berlin, which, after the German reunification, became the capital of the newly formed state of Brandenburg. Potsdam University also has an active mathematics department. For the current mathematical events in Berlin and Potsdam, please have a look at the Schedule of Events About 2500 students study mathematics at the various institutions, and there are many jointly conducted research projects. Today Berlin has all the attributes to again become an outstanding center of learning and research with a lively exchange from East and West. The international community of mathematicians assembled for the first time in Germany at Heidelberg in 1904. The German mathematicians are proud that, at the end of this century, with Berlin Germany was again chosen as the site of an ICM and as a symbol of a new and ever closer relationship in all matters, political, human, and scientific.

44. Algebraic Geometry Group European Mathematical Society (EMS). german mathematicians Association(DMV). American Mathematical Society (AMS). Mathematical Institutes. http://www.mathematik.uni-kl.de/~wwwagag/en/links.html

Algebraic Geometry Group Links News Research Areas Members Guests ... Photos Links Mathematical Literature OPAC (University of Kaiserslautern) Zentralblatt MATH Duke E-Print-Archive ( Augsburg USA Springer Mathematics Online Library AMS Journals ... Documenta Mathematica (DMV) 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification Mathematical Associations European Algebraic Geometry Research Training Network (EAGER) European Singularities Network (ESN) European Mathematical Society (EMS) German Mathematicians Association (DMV) American Mathematical Society (AMS) Mathematical Institutes Mathematical Research Institute Oberwolfach Mathematics Departments in Germany Mathematical Software Maple V Online Documentation Algebraic Curves and Surfaces Thomas Keilen's collection Bruce Hunt's algebraic surfaces algebraic curves (Geometry Center, Minnesota) index of famous curves (University of St. Andrews, UK) Tore Nordstrand's collection of surfaces Adam Coffman's Steiner surfaces Mike Henderson's implicit surface algorithm University of Kaiserslautern Department of Mathematics Algebraic Geometry Group

45. Mathematics In WWW Mathematics in WWW, Germany. Europe. Worldwide. Germany. Association ofgerman mathematicians (DMV); Mathematic Research Institute in Oberwolfach; http://www.mathematik.uni-kl.de/infodienst/matheimwww_e.html

Department of Mathematics Information Services Mathematics in WWW Mathematics in WWW Germany Europe Worldwide Germany Association of German Mathematicians (DMV) Mathematic Research Institute in Oberwolfach Max-Planck-Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences (MIS), Leipzig Mathematics Institutes Map List 1 List 2 Academic Software Cooperation of the University of Karlsruhe Europe European Consortium for Mathematics in Industry (ECMI) European Mathematical Information Service (EMIS) European Algebraic Geometry Network (EAGER) (formerly known as AGE EuroProj) Mathematics-Departments in Austria Switzerland Worldwide American Mathematical Society (AMS) Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM) Mathematics Institutes Country List [University of Kaiserslautern] [Department of Mathematics] [Fachschaft Mathematik] ... [Webmaster]

46. Biography Of Rieman and then went to Berlin. In Berlin, he was with some of the greatestgerman mathematicians. He studied under Jacobi, Steiner, and http://www.andrews.edu/~calkins/math/biograph/199899/bioriema.htm

Back to the Table of Contents Biographies of Mathematicians - Riemann Early Life Georg Friedrich Bernhard Riemann was born on September 17, 1826 in Breselenz, Germany to Georg Fredrich Bernhard Riemann and Charlotte Ebell. His father was a pastor in a time when most of the area's countryside was caught in poverty. Needless to say, they didn't have too much money. On top of that, he had four other brothers and sisters. They lived a deprived childhood plagued by hunger and malnutrition. The family was very close despite their numbers and predicament. Georg was a quiet child who had a terrible fear of public speaking. He was pretty bright and loved solving puzzles. Education - Rest of Life Theory of Numbers by Legendre and the classic works of Gauss. , which means Over hypotheses which Geometry to reason are situated Other Mathematical Achievements Non-Euclidean Geometry Riemann Hypothesis The Riemann zeta function is as follows: Riemann's Moduli Problem Find an analytic parameterization of the compact Riemann Surfaces in a fixed Homomorphism class. The Ahlors-Bers Theorem proved that Riemann's Moduli Space gives the solution.

47. Useful Links SIAM Member List; Search for german mathematicians; NANet White Page;World Alumni Network. Useful Internet Tools. Hardware and Software http://www.math.cuhk.edu.hk/UsefulLink/

Mathematics Mathematics in Hong Kong Academic Organizations Mathematics Information Server E-Book on Mathematics ... Library in Other Local Universities Internet Who's Where Search WWW Servers in Hong Kong Timway HK Search Engine Hong Kong Telephone White Pages Hong Kong Telephone Yellow Pages ... World Alumni Network Useful Internet Tools Hardware and Software, News and Helps Tucows: The Ultimate Collection of Winsock Software World Factbook World Weather ... On-Line Flight Arrival Time For Our Visitors: Something about Hong Kong HK Government Information Center HK Observatory Local Weather Forcast HK Tourist Association ... Hong Kong Telephone Yellow Pages Job Vacancy Vacant Academic Positions in the European Departments of Mathematics and Statistics High School Corner Hong Kong School Net

48. The University Of Warwick Library - Subjects - Sciences - Mathematics And Statis MathNet Internet Information Services for Mathematics Has a bias towards Germansources of information, ie german mathematicians, a search engine for German http://www.warwick.ac.uk/services/library/subjects/sciences/sciences_ms.html

Maths and Statistics Databases Maths and Statistics CD-ROMs Maths and Statistics Web Resources and Gateways Maths and Statistics Professional Bodies Maths and Statistics Electronic Journals Databases MathSci Net (American Mathematical Society) Searchable web database providing comprehensive coverage of the world's mathematical literature from 1940 onwards. Gives access to the signed reviews and bibliographic data from Mathematical Reviews and Current Mathematical Publications. Click here for an online guide to this database. New Scientist The New Scientist Archive is fully searchable and provides full-text articles from 1988 onwards. Click here for search tips on this database. Science Direct Provides full-text electronic access to over 1,100 Elsevier titles covering the fields of science, medicine and the social sciences. Most titles are available from 1995/1996 onwards. You can set up a personal account to create your own searches and contents alerts. Click here and choose 'help' for search tips on this database. Click here for a ready to print online guide to this database.

49. Karl Weierstrass With the support of german mathematicians, he was given several honorary degreesand made Assistant Professor at the University of Berlin where he spent the http://scidiv.bcc.ctc.edu/Math/Weierstrass.html

Karl Wilhelm Theodor Weierstrass born: October 31, 1815 in Munster, Germany died: February 19,1897 in Berlin A true mathematician who is not also something of a poet will never be a perfect mathematician. (Weierstrass) Poor college student. High school teacher. Superb mathematician. Weierstrass was the oldest son of a minor customs official, and his childhood is not particularly unusual. He seemed to enjoy school and won numerous prizes in languages and mathematics. At 19 he entered the University of Bonn. His father pressured him to study law and commerce to insure a secure future, but instead "He devoted his great bodily strength, his lightning dexterity and his keen mind almost exclusively to fencing and the mellow sociability that is induced by nightly and liberal indulgence in honest German beer." During the summer vacation of 1853, Weierstrass wrote up another original result and this time sent it to a well-read professional journal, Crelle's Journal. It appeared in 1854 and caused quite a commotion a masterful work of original mathematics from an unknown high school teacher! With the support of German mathematicians, he was given several honorary degrees and made Assistant Professor at the University of Berlin where he spent the rest of his life. His research fame spread quickly, and he was also known as a popular and accessible teacher, unusual qualities for a professor in those days. When Sonja Kovalevskaia came to Germany from Russia to study mathematics, she was not allowed to attend classes at the university because she was a woman, so Weierstrass privately tutored her for several years. Later, he kept in touch, worked to help her find a suitable academic position, and was very pleased she won the prize of the French Academy of Science.

50. Fields Medal in Toronto. Against Fields' wishes, german mathematicians were blackballed from participating in this conference. Fields was http://scidiv.bcc.ctc.edu/Math/FieldsMedal.html

Fields Medal John Charles Fields (1863-1932) was a Canadian mathematician, educated in Toronto, Paris, and Berlin. He spent the bulk of his academic career at The University of Toronto (with a brief stint at Johns Hopkins University). Fields did original research in the theory of algebraic functions that was influenced by his reknowned mentors, Fuchs, Schwarz, Frobenius and Plank. However, he was better known as an administrator/organizer and is remembered, primarily, for establishing a mathematical equivalent of the Nobel Prizes. Fields, in large part, was responsible for putting together the 1924 meeting of the International Congress of Mathematics in Toronto. Against Fields' wishes, German mathematicians were "black-balled" from participating in this conference. Fields was so troubled by this politicizing of mathematics that he proposed the institution of an award for mathematical achievement and promise that would emphasize the international character of the mathematical endeavor. He endowed such an award in his will, and the first Fields Medal was awarded at the International Congress of Mathematics meetings in Oslo in 1936. Traditionally, Fields Medals have gone to young mathematicians under the age of 40. The intent of the awards is to applaud the exceptional scope and quality of the recipients' work and to assist them in conducting further research.

51. Preface the source of NLP (to find out that epistemological giant, Gregory Bateson, as wellas the revolutionary discoveries made by two german mathematicians, which I http://www.creativity.co.uk/creativity/guhen/preface.htm

CYBERBOOK: An Integral Epistemology for Enlightenment Extract of the "Preface" page of the CD-ROM book This CD-ROM book is the outcome of my nearly 20 year long research into the human consciousness. My inner journey started at the beginning of the eighties in the middle of the Sahara Desert, where I stayed for three years. The life was very harsh there, but the natural scenery was truly and awesomely ineffable; I was once standing on the top of the 600 foot high barren cliff, from where I was able to overlook the traces of the flows of rivers of the remote past! Indeed, the whole place must have been under the water tens of thousands of years ago, because one was able to pick up a number of fossils containing sea shells. Another time I saw a big sun coming up from the east in the middle of the desert dunes, and when I looked at the west there was also a big yellowish moon going down over the horizon. I couldn't help feeling the tinniness of the human existence in front of the vast nature. I subsequently went to the States, where I was initiated by an Indian guru living in Oregon. I lived in his commune for about a year, where I participated in an intensive residential 7 month long psychotherapeutic course (a total of 1,700 hour long sessions). I thought that I was experiencing the ultimate Zen space during the course, but one German participant of the course said to me "What we are experiencing here is a kind of kindergarten game, in comparison with the newly born American psychology called NLP". (I may have other opportunities to talk about my master and this psychotherapeutic course in detail in the future).

52. St. Mark School - Venice Wednesday, July 25, 2001. Adam Ries, german mathematicians ChrisSands Chris Sands Adam Ries, German Mathematician by Chris Sands. http://www.venicebeach.com/sms/news/chrissands.shtml

Saint Mark Elementary School Venice, California HOME SIGN GUESTBOOK VIEW GUESTBOOK FORUM Wednesday, July 25, 2001 Adam Ries, German Mathematicians Chris Sands Chris Sands Adam Ries, German Mathematician by Chris Sands The mathematician I researched was Adam Ries. He was born in 1492 in Staffe Istein (near Bamber), Saxony (now Germany). He eventually died March 30,1559 in Annaberg, Saxony(now Annaberg-Buchholz, Germany). His contribution to the mathematic community was the many Arithmetic textbooks he wrote. These books were used by everyone, not just scientists and engineers. He attended school in Zwickau when he moved to Annaberg. In 1518 he moved to Erfurt, and although he did not attend university there, he did have many contacts with academics from the university and he profited greatly from these contacts. In 1523 he became an engineer and inspector of mines in Annaberg in the kingdom of Sachsen. He became a recorder of yields in 1525, then in 1532 he became recorder of ownership of mining shares, and from 1533 to 1539 he was calculator of the ducal tithes. Rechenung nach der lenge, auff den Linihen vnd Feder is Ries’s most famous book. He published it in 1550. This was a textbook written for everyone, not just for scientists and engineers. In this book, Ries covers addition, subtraction and even division which was very advanced for his time. Most people then only learned division at the university level, even scientists did not know how to divide. Ries explained division in this textbook for everyone to understand. He used the old method as taught by an abacus and the new method used by the Indians. Ries also wrote books on algebra and pricing of items in stores.

53. Feedback Feedback in Germany under the Nazis. However many german mathematicians remainedactive in Germany . This list includes among others such http://webhost.math.rochester.edu/sums/

S.U.M.S. Society of Undergraduate Mathematics Students 20022003 Home Articles SUMS Speakers Why Math ... Archives Members Join Now Login Tuesday, March 11, 2003 Major Madness!! Tuesday, March 18 Open House For Prospective Math Majors!! All Students Welcome!! Come one, come all to the open house in Hylan Hall! You've been pining for this opportunity and now it's finally here: meet your fellow math-fanatics and learn about the major in mathematics. Questions about summer research, math as a second major, and what to take in the fall will be answered by students who've survived it all. Prepare yourself now because Tuesday, March 18 promises to be a fantastic day! Date: Tuesday, March 18 Place: Hylan Hall, 11th floor Time: Festivities commence at 5:30 PM FREE PIZZA AND PIE will be provided! After you've had all your questions about being a math major answered, stick around to hear Professor Cranston give a SUMS talk! Professor Mike Cranston University of Rochester Probability in the Real World Date: Tuesday, March 18

54. Kai Diethelm's Homepage mathematics. The DMV (german mathematicians' Union) homepage; SIAM'shomepage; The homepage of the American Mathematical Society (AMS); http://www-public.tu-bs.de:8080/~diethelm/

Prof. Dr. Kai Diethelm 38106 Braunschweig Phone +49 531 391-7541 (office) +49 531 391-7537 (secretary) Fax +49 531 391-8206 e-mail: K.Diethelm@tu-bs.de Research interests Numerical integration (with an emphasis on singular and hypersingular integrals) Integral equations and their numerical solution Approximation theory Fractional calculus; Fractional differential equations and their numerical solution Publications Papers Preprints Doctoral thesis Teaching (in German) Some useful links to the world of mathematics The DMV (German Mathematicians' Union) homepage SIAM's homepage The homepage of the American Mathematical Society (AMS) The Guide to Available Mathematical Software provided by the National Institute of Standards and Technology The eLib of the ZIB Berlin (including various mathematical software libraries) The NA-Net (Numerical Analysis) The AT-Net of the Approximation Theory community The OPSF-Net provided by the SIAM Activity Group on Orthogonal Polynomials and Special Functions The IP-Net (Inverse Problems) The IM-Net (Industrial Mathematics) The GSCI Digest (German Scientific Computing Homepage) The Fractional Calculus and Modeling web site A database containing a list of recent publications in numerical quadrature and cubature (maintained by Ronald Cools , K.U. Leuven, Belgium)

55. Curriculum Vitae of Math., graduate studies. Professional Societies. Member of the german mathematiciansAssociation (DMV). Member of the American Mathematical Society (AMS). http://math.la.asu.edu/~thieme/VITA.html

CURRICULUM VITAE Horst R. Thieme Department of Mathematics Arizona State University Tempe, AZ 85287-1804 Areas of research Analysis and Applied Analysis: Differential Equations (ordinary, partial, functional) Integral, Evolution and Operator Equations (linear and nonlinear) Mathematical Biology: Population Dynamics Education Diploma (MS) in mathematics at the University of Muenster, Germany 4-28-76 doctorate in natural sciences at the University of Muenster, Germany Doctorate in natural sciences at the University of Muenster, Germany Habilitation at the University of Heidelberg, Germany Venia legendi at the University of Heidelberg, Germany Positions held 12-1-75 to 7-31-76 Research assistant at the University of Muenster, Germany 8-1-76 to 7-31-79 Postdoctoral fellow at the University of Muenster, Germany 8-1-79 to 7-31-84 Research fellow at the University of Heidelberg (Germany), research center 'Stochastic Mathematical Models in the Natural Sciences' July 83 to April 91 Privatdozent at the Department of Mathematics, University of Heidelberg

56. Untitled Document and Technology (EASST), New York Academy of Science, International Society for ClinicalBiostatistics (ISCB), Society of german mathematicians (DMV), Romanian http://www.csm.ro/cv.php?member_id=23&research=0

57. Ecclectica - Aleph starting to gain acceptance. german mathematicians Ernst Zermelo andDavid Hilbert began to champion Cantor's ideas. Hilbert drew up a http://www.ecclectica.ca/issues/2002/1/williams.asp

Aleph Aleph by Jeff Williams Where there is the Infinite there is joy. There is no joy in the finite. - The Chandogya Upanishad No one shall expel us from the paradise which Cantor has created for us. - David Hilbert The book, or movie, A Beautiful Mind, has recently entranced us all with a view into the troubled thoughts of Princeton mathematician and Nobel Laureate John Nash. He is often compared with the painter, Vincent Van Gogh, another unhappy spirit who spent much time in and out of mental institutions but never wavered from his quest. Many of us have a weakness, even envy, for these people, driven to madness by their single-minded search for truth and their determination to declare it. Georg Cantor is another example. He was born in Russia in 1845, but lived most of his life in Germany. Although he trained with some of the foremost mathematicians of the day, and obtained his doctorate in 1869, he was unable to secure a position at any of the prestigious research universities. Disappointed, he accepted a post at Friedrich's University in the small industrial town of Halle, almost midway between the two great university cities of Gottingen and Berlin. Time and again, he applied for positions in both of these places, always to be refused. Cantor's work with mathematical set theory, which would eventually lead to a revolution in our understanding of the infinite, began with the question: How do I count the number of elements (members) in a set? The answer, he concluded, was to associate each element in turn with the so called

58. Seminar Sophus Lie Seminar Sophus Lie. Seminar Sophus Lie is a joint Seminar of a group of german mathematiciansinterested in the theory of Lie groups and their wider horizon. http://www.mi.uni-erlangen.de/~plaumann/lie/lie_old.html

Seminar Sophus Lie Seminar Sophus Lie is a joint Seminar of a group of German mathematicians interested in the theory of Lie groups and their wider horizon. It was founded around 1989-90 when, during the Volkskammer Government of the German Democratic Republic in 1989, open contacts between mathematicians in East- and Westgermany became a reality for the first time since 1961. Several mathematicians located at the Technische Hochschule Darmstadt, the University of Erlangen, the University of Greifswald, and the University of Leipzig organized informally the Seminar with financial support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and met for the first seminar session at the University of Leipzig in January 1991. The Seminar meets once a semester since that time. Later on groups at the University of Bielefeld, the University of Clausthal, and the University of Agriculture in Wien (Vienna, Austria) joined the seminar. Meetings were held in Leipzig (winter 1990) Darmstadt (summer 1991), Erlangen (winter 1991), Greifswald (summer 1992)

59. Weierstrass Dini thanks Schwarz, a student of Weierstrass with whom he corresponded, forthe news of the new methods followed by the german mathematicians with the http://www.math.unifi.it/archimede/archimede_inglese/mostra_calcolo/pannelli/7.h

The Garden of Archimedes A Museum for Mathematics Weierstrass and treatises on Analysis in Italy works of the section Salvatore Pincherle, Essay of an introduction to the theory of analytical functions according to the principles of Prof. C. Weierstrass for the use of the students of the Italian Universities of G. Battaglini, Napoli, 1880. Ulisse Dini, Foundations of the theory of functions of a real variable, Pisa, typography T. Nistri, 1878. Angelo Genocchi, Differential Calculus and principles of integral calculus published with additions by Dr Giuseppe Peano, Roma-Torino-Firenze, Fratelli Bocca, 1884. The University of Berlin, during the mid Nineteenth century, became, of all the European schools, one of the most important centres for the study of calculus, and a privileged centre of research towards a more rigorous definition of its foundations. The trend of liberating analysis from notions of geometry, of motion or intuition, found a fundamental contribution in Karl Weierstrass (1815-1897). His formulation of the concept of continuity of functions in terms of inequalities of the type "epsilon-delta", had already been approached by Riemann and was inspired by the lectures of Dirichlet.

60. Math-Net Welcome Page Preprints, links, directories. Oriented towards german mathematics but in English. http://www.math-net.de/

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