81. Airphoto Geometry century. Aerial photography can be conducted from space, high or low altitudeaircraft, or near ground platforms. Airphoto geometry. Airphotos http://www.fes.uwaterloo.ca/crs/geog165/apg.htm

Airphoto Geometry Home Scope of Remote Sensing Remote Sensors Airphoto Interpretation ... Height Calculation a Recommended Readings Campbell, J. (1998) Map Use and Analysis, Chapter 17, pp 268-285. Avery, T. E. and Berlin, G. L.. (1985) Fundamentals of Remote Sensing and Airphoto Interpretation, Chapter 4, pp 71-81. Aerial Photography Airphotos have been an important source of data for mapping since the first decades of the 20th century. Aerial photography can be conducted from space, high or low altitude aircraft, or near ground platforms. Aerial photographs are acquired using a photographic camera an film to record reflected EMR within the camera's field of view. This is an optical-chemical system in which the lens focuses EMR on the film which is coated with a light sensitive emulsion that detects reflected EMR in the wavelength band from 0.3 m m to 0.9 m m, i.e., from the mid ultra-violet to the near IR range. The result is a continuous tone photograph that has high spatial resolution (i.e. shows fine spatial detail) but low spectral resolution (i.e., is sensitive to EMR in a broad spectral band). The entire scene within the camera's field of view is processed instantaneously. However, there distortion in the image due to the fact that it is a perspective rather than planimetric view of the surface. A variety of films and film formats can be used to acquire airphotos. The most common film format is 35 mm which is the standard slide or colour print film. Larger formats such as 70 mm are available and have the advantage of recording greater spatial detail. Most airphotos used for mapping are obtained using a 23 cm x 23 cm metric mapping camera. This large image size maximizes the spatial detail that can be captured on the image.

82. Escape Systems Analysis approach grid topologies for bodies such as the seat and aircraft are developed Thegeometry shown below is a second generation CFD model for NACES emerging http://www.cfdrc.com/datab/Applications/escape/escape.html

Escape Systems Analysis Introduction Geometry Modeling and Grid Generation High fidelity geometry models are generated from original CAD surfaces supplied by the seat manufacturer. CAD models are directly imported into CFD-GEOM through interfaces with Unigraphics, CATIA, PRO/Engineer, and AutoCAD. Direct import of IGES geometries is also supported. Original CAD models are typically filtered to produce a baseline aerodynamic model. Structured grid generation techniques are then employed to create high quality grid systems. 2nd Generation CFD Geometry Model for NACES Seat and Occupant A variety of grid techniques are available within the CFD-FASTRAN framework. In the example below, a multi-domain structured grid methodology is employed to represent the NACES installed in an F/A-18 cockpit. The geometry shown is a first generation CFD geometry model. F/A-18 Cockpit and 1st Generation NACES CFD Geometry For moving-body simulations the multiblock methodology is combined with the chimera overset grid methodology. In this approach grid topologies for bodies such as the seat and aircraft are developed independently and then composited. The flow solver, CFD-FASTRAN, has an automated-chimera capability that efficiently treats chimera grid systems. The geometry shown below is a second generation CFD model for NACES emerging from an F/A-18 forebody. This simulation was performed to assess ground effects during escape systems sled testing.

83. Aircraft Systems Engineering - Homepage Current Research Projects of Prof. Ivantysynova, 1. Projectsin the area of new system solutions. Project, Employee. http://www.tu-harburg.de/fst/research/crp_ivant.html

Current Research Projects of Prof. Ivantysynova 1. Projects in the area of new system solutions. Development of Integrated Hydraulic Servo Joint Actuators Virtual Prototyping of Power Split Drives Condition Monitoring for Mobile Hydraulic Applications Development and Control of Energy Saving Hydraulic Servo Drives ... Investigation of valveless actuators for active stabilization of vehicles 2. Projects in the area of modelling, analysis, simulation and optimization of hydraulic components. The Influence of Microscopic and Macroscopic Gap Geometry on Energy Dissipation in Lubricating Gaps of Displacement Machines Gap Flow Simulation of Displacement Machines considering Elastohydrodynamic Effects Displacement Machines for Tap Water Adaptation Methods for Bearing and Sealing Gap Geometry of Modern Displacement Machines based upon Elastohydrodynamic Gap Flow Simulation Last modification: Feb 19th, 2003, jco

84. ZAERO Software System Architecture Main Features High Fidelity geometry module to model full aircraftwith stores/nacelles 1; Flight regimes that cover all Mach http://www.zonatech.com/zaero.htm

ZONA Technology, Inc. THE ZAERO SOFTWARE SYSTEM / ARCHITECTURE Main Features of ZAERO System ZAERO UAIC Module : ZONA51 in MSC/NASTRAN ZONA Aerodynamic Codes ... Sensitivity Analysis with Respect to Structural Parameters Main Features : High Fidelity Geometry module to model full aircraft with stores/nacelles [1] Flight regimes that cover all Mach numbers including transonic/hypersonic ranges [14] Unified Mach AIC matrices as archival data entities for repetitive structural design/analysis [3] Matched/non-matched point flutter solutions using K / P-K / g methods with true damping [5] Built-in Flutter Mode Tracking procedure with structural parametric sensitivity analysis [13],[8] 3D Spline module provides accurate FEM/Aero displacements and forces transferal [2] Modal Data Importer to process all NASTRAN/FEM modal output [4] Dynamic Memory and Database Management Systems establish subprogram modularity [9] Open architecture allows user direct access to data entities [10] Bulk Data Input minimizes user learning curve while relieving user input burden [12] Graphic display of aerodynamic models, C

85. RAM V2.2 was not practical to implement due to inherent limitations in RAM's internal geometryrepresentation. RAM only computes and displays aircraft components outer http://www.erc.msstate.edu/~emc/projects/ram22/

RAM - Rapid Aircraft Modeler Research Complete The Rapid Aircraft Modeler was developed for NASA in 1991 to enable the rapid prototyping of proposed aircraft designs and to perform preliminary studies on the general aerodynamic characteristics of these designs. Please note that I am not allowed to distribute RAM. If you are interested in obtaining RAM for your own use, please contact Dave Kinney at the NASA Ames Research Center The official RAM web site has further details about the program. NOTE: This site periodically disappears. If you can't connect, try again later, or do a Google search on 'NASA RAM' to see if the site has been relocated. Under a contract with the Air Force Research Lab (AFRL/VAAA), our task was to extend the geometry modeling and File I/O capabilities of RAM v2.1. The following is a list of the functionalities which were to be incorporated into RAM v2.2. Determine the cause of observed rendering errors on SGI Octanes Output aircraft model as B-Spline curves and surfaces conforming to the IGES standard Establish a method for extracting RAM component parameters from a IGES geometry model.

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