61. Wileycanada:: You Have Encountered An Error Wiley Canada, vascular dementia Current Concepts by I. Prohovnik (Editor), J.Wade (Editor), S. Knezevic (Editor), T. Tatemichi (Editor), T. Erkinjuntti http://www.wileycanada.com/cda/product/0,,047195294X,00.html

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62. VASCULAR DEMENTIA vascular dementia, the second most common cause of dementia, is associated withproblems in the circulation of blood to the brain. vascular dementia. http://www.mydr.com.au/default.asp?article=2521

63. Morris To Investigate Vascular Dementia That Can Follow Stroke Morris to investigate vascular dementia that can follow stroke. JohnC. Morris, MD, associate professor of neurology and assistant http://record.wustl.edu/archive/1996/04-11-96/2318.html

Morris to investigate vascular dementia that can follow stroke John C. Morris, M.D., associate professor of neurology and assistant professor of pathology, has received a five-year $1.5 million grant to study the dementia that can follow stroke. The grant comes from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke at the National Institutes of Health. Stroke is a major contributor to dementia, second only to Alzheimer's disease. "But few studies have studied it separately from Alzheimer's disease, so there is a great deal of confusion," said Morris, co-director of Washington University's Alzheimer's Disease Research Center. Stroke occurs when a blood vessel becomes blocked or bursts, preventing oxygen and nutrients from reaching a region of brain tissue. Death of such tissue can hamper cognitive function, leading to dementia. The researchers will determine whether the clinical symptoms of vascular dementia are the same as those that typify Alzheimer's disease. They also will identify the areas of the brain in which damage can lead to dementia and study whether dementia arises suddenly after stroke or develops gradually before or after. The study will involve 270 men and women at risk for stroke because of high blood pressure or constricted carotid arteries. The subjects will come from studies already under way at the School of Medicine.

64. Vascular Dementia vascular dementia (VaD). Dementia is a term to describe a loss of mental abilities. About1520% of people with dementia have a diagnosis of vascular dementia. http://www.uwcm.ac.uk/study/medicine/geriatric_medicine/ageing_brain/cardiff_mem

Vascular Dementia (VaD) Dementia is a term to describe a loss of mental abilities. Vascular dementia (VaD) (sometimes called multi-infarct dementia) is one of the most common types of dementia, second only to Alzheimer's disease. What symptoms does VaD cause Typically the onset is fairly sudden, for example coinciding with a stroke, with a subsequent "stepwise" worsening. In other people the symptoms may come on very gradually and fluctuate in severity. Generally VaD is progressive, so symptoms will worsen over time. Common features of VaD include: Memory loss/forgetfulness for recent events, conversations etc. The ability to concentrate and think quickly may be affected. Giving the person more time to take in information and to respond may lessen the problems. Old ("long term") memories are already stored and may be less affected. Speech and language. The clarity of speech and the quality of the voice may change. The person may be slow at expressing themselves. There may be problems thinking of the right words and understanding words. Reading and writing also may be affected. Difficulty walking and falls. This may be due to limb weakness, unsteadiness, lack of co-ordination, or loss of awareness of one side of the body. People may bump into furniture, trip over, or have difficulty dressing or feeding themselves.

65. AAV - Help Sheets : Vascular Dementia Help Sheets, vascular dementia. For more information click here. vascular dementiais the second most common cause of dementia after Alzheimer’s disease. http://www.alzvic.asn.au/ad10.htm

Home Helpful Information Help Sheets About Dementia Help Sheets Vascular Dementia Each of the help sheets is also available for download in a printable format. Click the icon to the left or here to receive a copy. This requires the use of Adobe Acrobat Reader. For more information click here Vascular dementia is the second most common cause of dementia after Alzheimer’s disease. This Help Sheet describes Vascular dementia, its causes, diagnosis and progression. What is Vascular dementia? Vascular dementia is the broad term for dementia associated with problems of the circulation of blood to the brain. Are there different types of Vascular dementia? There are a number of different types of Vascular dementia. Two of the most common are: Multi-infarct dementia This is probably the most common form of Vascular dementia. Multi-infarct dementia is caused by a number of small strokes, called mini-strokes or Transient Ischaemic Attacks (TIA). The strokes cause damage to the cortex of the brain - the area associated with learning, memory and language. A person with Multi-infarct dementia is likely to have better insight into their condition in the early stages than people with Alzheimer’s disease, and parts of their personality may remain relatively intact for longer. Symptoms may include severe depression, mood swings and epilepsy. Binswanger’s disease (also known as Subcortical vascular dementia)

66. Vascular Dementia From Eyewitness News Healthbeat vascular dementia By Pat Mastors Jan 7, 2003, 537pm.More than four years ago, 82year-old Phoebe Demello suffered a stroke. http://www.wpri.com/artman/publish/7229.shtml

From Eyewitness News Healthbeat Vascular Dementia By Pat Mastors Jan 7, 2003, 5:37pm More than four years ago, 82-year-old Phoebe Demello suffered a stroke. She recovered and before long was at home living her life but her daughter, who lives just a few doors down, noticed her mother wasn't quite right and brought it up to her neurologist, Dr. Stephen Salloway at Butler Hospital. Phoebe Zuromski/Daughter : "I told him something is not right with my mom. She's doing really well but she's still having memory problems." After an MRI scan of Phoebe's brain, Dr. Salloway found she was suffering from vascular dementia. It's a disease that's caused by blood flow problems to the brain and usually appears after a stroke. Dr. Stephen Sallowa/Neurologist, Butler Hospital: "With vascular dementia, often there's been a stroke and soon after the stroke the family notices their memory isn't right. Their behavior has changed and the person may be irritable." Dr. Salloway and other neurologists say there is hope for people like Phoebe, who is currently on Aricept, an FDA approved drug for Alzheimer's patients. After 4 years on the medication, Phoebe is doing better than ever. Butler Hospital is currently conducting a study about the effects of Alzeimer's drugs on vascular dementia patients. If you or someone you know has had memory problems within three months of a stroke call 455-6402.

67. VASCULAR DEMENTIA vascular dementia A state of diminished cognition thatis the results from repeated cerebral strokes. http://www.medhelp.org/glossary2/new/GLS_4755.HTM

VASCULAR DEMENTIA - A state of diminished cognition that is the results from repeated cerebral strokes. Med Help Home Search Ask the Doctor Patient Network The medical glossary has been made possible by a generous donation from:

68. Diagnostic Medical Testing In Psychiatric Disorders - Dementia - Vascular Dement vascular dementia NINDSAIREN Criteria ref. Probable vascular dementiaDementia Impairment memory + 2 additional cognitive domains; http://www.upcmd.com/dot/diseases/01080/vascular_ninds.html

UPCMD Home DTP Home DTP Authors-Editors Disorder information ... Controversy Search Testing in Psychiatry Dementia Mild Cognitive Impairment Synonyms-Specific Diseases DSM-IV and ICD9 Coding Vascular Dementia NINDS-AIREN Criteria ref Probable Vascular Dementia Dementia: Impairment memory + 2 additional cognitive domains Presence of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) by one of following Evidence of relevant cerebrovascular disease by CT Focal neurologic signs Relationship between dementia and CVD inferred by one of the following clinical features Onset of dementia within 3 months of stroke Abrupt deterioration in cognitive functions Fluctuating, stepwise progression of cognitive deficits UPCMD Home Psychiatry Testing Home

69. Intact Brain Serotonin System In Vascular Dementia Hansson G, Alafuzoff I, Winblad B, Marcusson J. Intact brain serotoninsystem in vascular dementia. Dementia 19967196200. Abstract. http://www.uku.fi/neuro/ab9647.htm

U K U N E U R O S C I E N C E P U B L I C A T I O N S Hansson G, Alafuzoff I, Winblad B, Marcusson J. Intact brain serotonin system in vascular dementia. Dementia 1996:7:196-200 Abstract Pre- and postsynaptic elements of the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin) system were studied in a control group and in patients with vascular dementia (VAD). The 5-HT uptake site was used as a presynaptic marker for 5-HT terminals and 5-HT1A and 5HT2 receptors were used as postsynaptic markers. The binding sites were quantified with radioligand binding techniques, where the radioligands used were [3H]paroxetine, [3H]8-OH-DPAT and [3H]ketanserin, respectively. The presynaptic uptake site was studied in frontal and temporal cortices and caudate nucleus. 5-HT1A and 5-HT2 receptors were studied only in frontal and temporal cortices. There were no differences between control and VAD groups in any of the regions investigated with respect to the number of binding sites (Bmax) and binding affinity (Kd). This indicates that both pre- and postsynaptic parts of the 5-HT system are intact in these brain areas in VAD.

70. Effects Of Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Dementia And AD On ERC And Hippocampus Effects of subcortical ischemic vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s diseaseon entorhinal cortex and hippocampus. Neurology 2002;5816351641. http://www.uku.fi/neuro/ab0234.htm

U K U N E U R O S C I E N C E P U B L I C A T I O N S Du A, Schuff N, Laakso MP, Zhu XP, Jagust W, Yaffe K, Kramer JH, Miller B, Reed B, Norman D, Chui HC, Weiner MW. Effects of subcortical ischemic vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s disease on entorhinal cortex and hippocampus. Neurology 2002;58:1635-1641 Abstract Objective: To determine the effects of subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVD) and AD on entorhinal cortex (ERC) and hippocampus. Methods: Thirty-eight cognitively normal subjects, 18 patients with SIVD, and 22 patients with AD were included. Volumes of ERC and hippocampus were manually measured based on MRI. Global cerebral changes of cortical gray matter, subcortical gray matter, white matter, sulcal CSF, ventricular CSF (vCSF), and white matter signal hyperintensities (WMSH) were assessed. Results: Patients with SIVD had 21.7% (p < 0.01) smaller ERC and 18.2% (p < 0.01) smaller hippocampi than cognitively normal subjects and 24.4% (p < 0.01) larger ERC and 11.1% (p < 0.05) larger hippocampi than patients with AD. In addition, patients with SIVD had less cortical gray matter and white matter and more vCSF and WMSH (all p

71. The Clinical Diagnosis Of Vascular Dementia, The ICD-10 Criteria The Clinical Diagnosis of vascular dementia, The ICD10 Criteria for VascularDementia, The Neurochemistry of vascular dementia, The use of lornoxicam http://www.nycomed.ru/library.jsp?letter=48&sortby=title

72. Pathogenesis Of Vascular Dementia The Possible Role Of Pathogenesis of vascular dementia The Possible Role of Hypertension, Pathology andPathophysiology of Cerebrovascular dementia Pure Subgroups of Obstructive http://www.nycomed.ru/library.jsp?letter=44&sortby=title

73. Vascular Dementia The summary for this Chinese (Traditional) page contains characters that cannot be correctly displayed in this language/character set. http://www.cgmh.org.tw/intr/intr4/c8370/ynchen/academic/clinical neuropsychology

74. Moderate Homocysteine Elevation Increases Stroke, Alzheimer's And Vascular Demen high homocysteine is associated with three times the risk of Alzheimer's disease,and five times the risk of stroke and vascular dementia compared to those http://lifeextensionvitamins.com/modhomelinst.html

In a study published in the October 3 2002 issue of Stroke: Journal of the American Heart Association ( http://stroke.ahajournals.org/ ), researchers from Queen's University in Belfast, Ireland have found that having moderately high homocysteine is associated with three times the risk of Alzheimer's disease, and five times the risk of stroke and vascular dementia compared to those with healthier levels of the toxic amino acid. The researchers studied 83 patients with Alzheimer's disease, 78 with vascular dementia, 64 stroke patients and 71 healthy volunteers, all in their seventies. Data was collected on diet, cholesterol, smoking history and blood pressure, and fasting plasma homocysteine levels were taken. The subjects were also tested for variation in the gene methylenetetrahydrofolate, which can affect folate metabolism. The B vitamin folate has been shown to reduce homocysteine. An increase in plasma homocysteine was found in the Alzheimer's, vascular dementia and stroke groups compared with the healthy controls, which remained significant after adjustment for other factors. The findings were not related to mutations in the methylenetetrahydrofolate gene. Lead author and lecturer in geriatric medicine at Queen's University in Belfast, Stephen P. McIlroy, PhD, stated, ?Since B vitamins and foods fortified with folate can reduce homocysteine levels, this study suggests that B vitamin supplementation may be appropriate for most adults. It warrants a large placebo-controlled study of folate, and vitamins B6 and B12 in people at risk from dementia and stroke."

75. CJNS-Subcortical Vascular Dementia: Survey Of Treatment Patterns And Research Co Abstract, Close Window Subcortical vascular dementia Survey of Treatment Patternsand Research Considerations. Frank J. Molnar, Malcolm ManSon-Hing, Phil St. http://www.canjneurolsci.org/25novtoc/subcortical.html

Abstract Close Window Subcortical Vascular Dementia: Survey of Treatment Patterns and Research Considerations Frank J. Molnar, Malcolm Man-Son-Hing, Phil St. John, Chris Brymer, Kenneth Rockwood and Vladimir Hachinski Abstract: Background: Since few studies have examined the effectiveness of therapies for subcortical vascular dementia, treatment guidelines are not available. Current patterns in the treatment of such dementias have not been studied. Objective: To determine the practice patterns of Canadian specialists for the treatment of subcortical vascular dementia, and to survey their opinions regarding issues which are important in the design of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) in this field. Design: National survey of all specialists certified in Neurology or Geriatric Medicine. Results: Conclusions: Specialist physician practice patterns vary significantly for the treatment of patients with subcortical vascular dementia. Most physicians believe that an RCT testing the efficacy of aspirin in this condition is required. However, before such a trial can be conducted, many methodological difficulties need to be addressed.

76. CJNS - Diagnosis Of Vascular Dementia: Consortium Of Canadian Centres For Clinic Abstract, Close Window. Diagnosis of vascular dementia Consortium ofCanadian Centres for Clinical Cognitive Research Concensus Statement. http://www.canjneurolsci.org/21novtoc/diagnosi.htm

Abstract Close Window Diagnosis of Vascular Dementia: Consortium of Canadian Centres for Clinical Cognitive: Research Concensus Statement Kenneth Rockwood, Irma Parhad, Vladimir Hachinski, Timo Erkinjuntti, Barry Rewcastle, Andrew Kertesz, M Robin Eastwood and Stephen Phillips Abstract: Can. J. Neurol. Sci. 1994; 21: 358-364 For information about this web site e-mail to: journal@cjns.org

77. Pfeiffer :: You Have Encountered An Error Pfeiffer, vascular dementia Current Concepts by I. Prohovnik (Editor), J. Wade (Editor),S. Knezevic (Editor), T. Tatemichi (Editor), T. Erkinjuntti (Editor). http://www.pfeiffer.com/cda/product/0,,047195294X,00.html

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78. ICD 10 Criteria For Vascular Dementia ICD 10 Criteria for vascular dementia. G1. Evidence of dementia ofspecified level of severity. G2. Unequal distribution of deficits http://www.mayo.edu/geriatrics-rst/VascDem.html

Geriatric Medicine Community Internal Medicine Division Department of Internal Medicine Home Topics In Geriatrics Geriatric Pearls Patient Information ... Mayo Clinic in Rochester ICD 10 Criteria for Vascular dementia G1. Evidence of dementia of specified level of severity. G2. Unequal distribution of deficits in higher cognitive functions, with some affected and others relatively spared. Thus memory may be quite markedly affected, while thinking, reasoning and information processing may show only mild decline. G3. There is evidence for focal brain damage, manifest as at least one of the following: unilateral spastic weakness of the limbs, unilateral increased tendon reflexes, an exstensor plantar response, pseudobulbar palsy. G4. There is evidence from the history, examination, or tests of significant cerebrovascular disease, which may reasonably be judged to be etiologically related to the dementia (history of stroke, evidence of cerebral infarction). File VascDem.html last modified: Monday, 17-Dec-2001 14:20:34 CST

79. Dementia: Vascular Dementia - Conceptual Click on the Title to get full details . Test. HOME. ADEAR.HHARResearch. NLM Other Links. Retirement Research Foundation. http://www.wrescu-nac.org/Dementia/VDConce.html

Click on the Title to get full details . Test HOME ADEAR HHAR-Research NLM ... Retirement Research Foundation

80. Minimise The Impact Of Vascular Dementia Minimise the Impact of vascular dementia by Controlling Risk Factorsfrom Drugs Therapy Perspectives. Introduction. Dementias among http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/406298

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