21. Regional Variation In Blindness In Children Due To Microphthalmos, Anophthalmos Original article. Regional variation in blindness in children dueto microphthalmos, anophthalmos and coloboma. Stella J. Hornby 1 http://www.szp.swets.nl/szp/journals/op072127.htm

Ophthalmic Epidemiology 2000, Vol.7, No.2, pp. 127-138 Original article Regional variation in blindness in children due to microphthalmos, anophthalmos and coloboma Stella J. Hornby , Clare E. Gilbert , Jugnoo Rahi , Asim K. Sil , Yungao Xiao , Lalit Dandona and Allen Foster Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Trust, Department of Preventive Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Trust, Departments of Epidemiology and Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom , Vivekananda Mission Ashram, Chaitanyapur (Haldia), West Bengal, India Red Cross Hospital of Yunnan, , Kunming, People's Republic of China BACKGROUND. The prevalence and causes of blindness in children vary widely between regions. Few epidemiological data are available on the relative importance of the major congenital anomalies of the globe (i.e., microphthalmos, anophthalmos, coloboma) as causes of blindness in children. The aim of this study was to determine the re-gional variation in the proportion of severe visual impairment and blindness due to congenital abnormalities of the globe in children in schools for the blind and in those identified through Community Based Rehabilitation programs. Other objectives were to estimate the prevalence of blindness due to major congenital abnormalities, and to investigate their etiology. METHODS. Data on the causes of blindness in children were collected between 1990 and 1998 using standard methods, definitions and reporting form in 26 countries. Children were examined in schools for the blind and in Community Based Rehabilitation programs.

22. X-LINKED ANOPHTHALMOS Features Listed For XLINKED anophthalmos. McKusick 301590. Anophthalmia;Auricular tags; Microphthalmia; Synechiae/fused eyelids/ankyloblepharon. http://www.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk/dhmhd-bin/hum-look-up?2144

23. Anopthalmos - Patient Link - IOP, Inc. WHAT IS ANOPTHALMOS/ENUCLEATION/EVISERATION SURGERY? anophthalmos isa condition that literally means without an eye . The eyeball http://www.iopinc.com/PatientLink/anopthalmos.html

WHAT IS ANOPTHALMOS/ENUCLEATION/EVISERATION SURGERY? Anophthalmos is a condition that literally means "without an eye". The eyeball consists of several tissue structures. The white part of the eye is called sclera. This holds the contents of the eye from the optic nerve to the cornea. The cornea is composed of the clear lenses that send image and light messages to the retina. The retina inside the back of the eyeball processes the images and sends them through the optic nerve to the brain. The eyeball is held in place and moved with six narrow muscles called rectus muscles. A clear elastic membrane called conjunctiva protects the surface of the eye from the cornea to the margins of the eyelids. Enucleation is the surgical process of removing the entire eyeball from the eye socket. The conjunctiva is opened around the cornea and the muscles are detached from the sclera. The entire eyeball is removed intact along with a portion of the optic nerve. Evisceration consists of removing the cornea and the internal contents of the sclera. The muscles remain attached in the anatomical positions to the sclera. This method has demonstrated to obtain superior motility results but is not always an option depending on the conditions of each individual case.

24. CORRECTION OF ANOPHTHALMOS WITH SILICON- AND HYDROXYAPATITE IMPLANTATIONS: A COM 97th DOG Annual Meeting 1999 K310 CORRECTION OF anophthalmos WITH SILICON ANDHYDROXYAPATITE IMPLANTATIONS A COMPARISON OF POSTOPERATIVE FINDINGSS. http://www.dog.org/1999/e-abstract99/310.html

97th DOG Annual Meeting 1999 CORRECTION OF ANOPHTHALMOS WITH SILICON- AND HYDROXYAPATITE IMPLANTATIONS: A COMPARISON OF POSTOPERATIVE FINDINGSS A. G. Norda , J.-T. Vagt , J. Steinhauer , H.-W. Meyer-Rüsenberg In a retrospective clinical study, 49 anophthalmos patients were examined, who during the period between 1989 and 1995 had been provided after enucleation with either a sclera-coated silicon (n=26) or hydroxyapatite spheres (n=23). Aim of the investigation was to enable a postoperative comparison between intensity of enophthalmos, motility of artificial eye and implantation, local findings of the microscopic slit-lamp examination, and subjective and objective tolerance. The average observation time was 4,2 years for silicon and 1,8 years for hydroxyapatite implantation. In contrast to the silicon implantation, there was significantly greater horizontal motility after hydroxyapatite implantation. Vertical motility and intensity of enophthalmos were not significantly divergent. Neither did the subjective satisfaction after questioning differ significantly in the statistics. Complication-free healing processes were found in 88% of cases after hydroxyapatite implantation, and in 67% of the patient group with silicon prosthesis implantation. A post-enucleation socket syndrome occurred in 2% of silicon implantations, but in no case of hydroxyapatite implantation.

25. 99. Jahrestagung Der DOG 2001: Treatment Of Congenital Anophthalmos With Self-in Treatment of congenital anophthalmos with selfinflating hydrogel expanders 13 consecutivepatients (8 unilateral, 5 bilateral anophthalmos) were evaluated. http://www.dog.org/2001/abstract-german/Schittkowski-e.htm

Abstract 99. Jahrestagung der DOG, 29. 9. - 2. 10. 01 im ICC, Berlin Anmeldung zur Tagung Registration Grußwort Invitation ... Impressum Treatment of congenital anophthalmos with self-inflating hydrogel expanders 1Schittkowski M., 2Gundlach K., 1Guthoff R. Introduction: Children presenting with congenital anophthalmos usually develop a smaller bony orbit, a constricted mucosal socket and short eyelids. This leads to failure in supplying this patients with a prosthesis. Since the work of Wiese et al. self-inflating hydrogel expanders are available. Patients and method: The use of those expanders in anophthalmic children is reported. 13 consecutive patients (8 unilateral, 5 bilateral anophthalmos) were evaluated. Results: The use of self-inflating hydrogel expanders enlarges the lid and palpebral fissure in all treated children with good cosmetical results. It allowes the insertion of an eye prosthesis without any other kind of surgery. Conclusions: The enlargement of constricted mucosal socket and short eyelids using self-inflating hydrogel expanders is a new but successful concept in treatment of congenital anophthalmos. It leads to good cosmetical results and reduces lid and orbital surgery procedures which may cause cicatricial shrinkage.

26. Anophthalmos Sourcebook covering anophthalmos. http//www.icongrouponline.com/Health/Anophthalmia.html.Title The Official Parent's Sourcebook on Anophthalmia. http://www.icongrouponline.com/browse/Health/Anophthalmos.html

ICON Group Browse - Health Sourcebook covering Anophthalmos http://www.icongrouponline.com/Health/Anophthalmia.html Title: The Official Parent's Sourcebook on Anophthalmia Date Published: Pages: ISBN: About the Author(s)/Editor(s) James N. Parker, M.D. Dr. James N. Parker received a B.S. in Psychobiology from University of California, Riverside and his M.D. from the University of California, San Diego. In addition to authoring numerous research publications, he has lectured at various academic institutions. Dr. Parker is the medical editor for the Official Patient’s Sourcebook series published by ICON Health Publications. Philip M. Parker, Ph.D. Philip M. Parker is the Eli Lilly Chair Professor of Innovation, Business and Society at INSEAD (Fontainebleau, France and Singapore). Dr. Parker has also been Professor at the University of California, San Diego and has taught courses at Harvard University, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Stanford University, and UCLA. Dr. Parker is the associate editor for the Official Patient’s Sourcebook series published by ICON Health Publications.

27. Anophthalmia The Official Parent's Sourcebook on ANOPHTHALMIA (anophthalmos; Congenital Cysticeyeball; Cryptophthalmos; Cystic eyeball). anophthalmos, I, Precursor. http://www.icongrouponline.com/health/Anophthalmia.html

ICON Health Publications Official Health Sourcebooks The Official Parent's Sourcebook on ANOPHTHALMIA (Anophthalmos; Congenital Cystic eyeball; Cryptophthalmos; Cystic eyeball) Revised and Updated for the Internet Age Paperback Book Paperback Book Order by phone: 800-843-2665 (within USA) 1-201-272-3651 (from outside USA) Electronic File * E-Book version sent via e-mail in 2 business days Electronic File *E-Book version sent via e-mail in 2 business days Pages Price $24.99(USD) ISBN Published Synopsis A comprehensive manual for anyone interested in self-directed research on anophthalmia. Fully referenced with ample Internet listings and glossary. Related Conditions/Synonyms Anophthalmos; Congenital Cystic eyeball; Cryptophthalmos; Cystic eyeball Description Table of Contents Introduction Overview Organization Scope Moving Forward PART I: THE ESSENTIALS Chapter 1. The Essentials on Anophthalmia: Guidelines Overview What Are Anophthalmia and Microphthalmia? What Causes Anophthalmia and Microphthalmia? Can Anophthalmia and Microphthalmia Be Treated? How Do Conformers and Prosthetic Eyes Look?

28. Anophthalmos anophthalmos. This response submitted by Oscar A. Cruz, MD on 8/7/99.Unfortunately, this is NO cure for anophthalmos. You need http://med-aapos.bu.edu/publicinfo/store4/Anophthalmos12.50PM.html

Anophthalmos This response submitted by Oscar A. Cruz, M.D. on 8/7/99. Unfortunately, this is NO cure for anophthalmos. You need to have a lengthy discussion with your P.O. becasue there are many things that can and need to be done for your child. There is a support group for parents of children with anophthalmos and microphtalmos - I dont have the reference with me but I'm sure it is on the web, listedin the support groups on the main AAPOS page, or perhaps one of our parents knows it. Anophthalmos is simply an embyronic failure of the eyes to develop properly in utero. It is nearly always an isolated event. Oscar A. Cruz, M.D. Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital Next Article Return to Main Article Article complete. Click HERE to return to the Public Information Menu.

29. Porex EyePlastics -- Anophthalmic Socket, Enucleation, Medpor, Porex, Including Surgeries which result in anophthalmos Enucleation Acquired anophthalmos trauma;infection of an eye that becomes so severe that the eye must be removed. http://www.oculoplastics.com/topics/anophthalmos/anophthalmos.htm

Anophthalmos Overview Overview Click above to visit the POREX SUGICAL website and learn about MEDPOR ... Anatomy Surgery Details Before Surgery Guidelines After Surgery Guidelines Potential Complications References ... Goals in surgery Definitio ns Anophthalmia is a medical term used to describe the absence of the globe and ocular tissue from the orbit. This was first reported more than 400 years ago, yet it is only recently that significant reconstructive options became available. There are many reasons why one might lose an eye. Surgeries which result in anophthalmos: Enucleation The entire eye iris, lens, vitreous, retina, and choroid) AND SCLERA are removed Muscles are detached from the sclera and may be re-attached to the implant The implant may be made of MEDPOR®, PMMA or hydroxyapatite material ... , or may be a dermis fat graft This orbital sphere or implant remains permanently A prosthetic eye can be made 6-8 weeks later by an ocularist contrast with Evisceration Evisceration Only t he contents of the eye (iris, lens, vitreous, retina, and choroid) are removed

30. Face Facial Cosmetic Eye Surgery ( Oculoplastics ) National And International Di E, lotion, medical books, save money, discounted books trauma, cancer, a cute derm,cosmetic magazine, Australia, liposuction, anophthalmos, Dermoid, basal cell http://www.oculoplastics.com/menu.htm

ANOPHTHALMOS BLEPHAROPLASTY BOTOX BROW LIFT ... Mark Scott Brown, M.D. FAX: 661-752-8448

31. DALPASSO OCULAR PROSTHESES - The Prothesis Prosthesis for surgical anophthalmos. Surgical anophthalmos due to accident withPMMA implant after 2 years of treatment. Anophtalmus with silicone implant. http://www.dalpasso.it/eng/applicazioni.htm

Prosthesis for surgical anophthalmos Prosthesis for surgical anophthalmos Prosthesis for congenital anophthalmos ... orbital exeresis Surgical anophtalmus with PMMA sferic implant after 5 years of treatment Surgical anophthalmus post-glaucoma after 15 years of treatment Surgical anophthalmus due to explosion after 40 years of treatment Surgical anophthalmos due to accident with PMMA implant after 2 years of treatment Anophtalmus with silicone implant Anophtalmus due to accident, with spherical PMMA implant after 8 months treatment Surgical anophthalmus due to accident with idroxyapatite implant after 1 year of treatment Infantile surgical anophthalmus after 36 years of treatment Surgical anophthalmos with idroxyapatite implant and pericardium

32. DALPASSO OCULAR PROSTHESES - The Prothesis Prosthesis for congenital anophthalmos/congenital microphthalmos. IndicationsCONGENITAL anophthalmos. ENUCLEATION OF THE EYE BULB IN CHILDREN. http://www.dalpasso.it/eng/applicazioni2.htm

Prosthesis for congenital anophthalmos/congenital microphthalmos Prosthesis for surgical anophthalmos Prosthesis for congenital anophthalmos ... orbital exeresis Bilateral congenital anophthalmus after 15 years of treatment Microphtalmus after 5 years treatment Microphtalmus after 6 months treatment Residual microphtalmus due to accident after 7 years treatment Indications: CONGENITAL ANOPHTHALMOS. ENUCLEATION OF THE EYE BULB IN CHILDREN. This is a programme of application that develops over the first few years of the child's life. In these cases there is often: i: General hypodevelopment of the entire orbital and zygomatic region Elevated cavity retraction Severe enophtalmos Poor eyelid motility Extremely tight eyelid rima, which impedes the application of an adequately-sized prosthesis.

33. ICH Slides Collection Clinical Pictures anophthalmos. Subjects, Search,( Click on picture to enlarge ). D.VIII.2. http://www.lib.uct.ac.za/ich/slides/thumb.php3?subjid=16

34. Eye Care Info - Health Information - Ocular Surgery Part 1 anophthalmos American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic ReconstructiveSurgery (ASOPRS) anophthalmos and Orbital Implants; EyePlastics http://www.eyecareinfo.com/health/surgery.shtml

Home: Health Issues Surgery Page 1 Page 2 Acquired Ptosis (Upper Eyelid Drooping) Anophthalmos Botox ... Page 2 [an error occurred while processing this directive] A cquired Ptosis (Upper Eyelid Drooping) Duke University Eye Center Oculoplastics - Ptosis of the Upper Eyelid EyePlastics.com - Mark S. Brown, M.D. - Ptosis Ocular Surgery News - External levator advancement/resection for acquired ptosis Steen-Hall Eye Center - Acquired or Levator Dehiscence Ptosis Anophthalmos EyePlastics.com - Anophthalmos ICAN (International Children's Anophthalmia Network) NORD - ican (International Children's Anophthalmia Network) Porex Surgical Botox Doctor's Guide - Botox: Nonsurgical Wrinkle Remover of the Future? EyePlastics.com - Mark S. Brown, M.D. Maggie Sparks, M.D. Skin and Laser Treatment Center - Botox National Institute of Health Consensus Development Conference Statement - Clinical Use of Botulinum Toxin ... Plastic Surgery Network - Botox Injections Brow Lift Adrien E. Aiache, M.D. F.A.C.S. - Transblepharoplasty brow lift

35. Sod2000.html SUBSET AIM. Record 3 of 11 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 2000/012000/09. TITLE Ophthalmologicaland intracranial anomalies in patients with clinical anophthalmos. http://www.indiana.edu/~pietsch/sod2000.html

to Shufflebrain main menu web contact: pietsch@indiana.edu Septo-Optic Dysplasia (SOD) de Morsier's syndrome A MEDLINE search of the literature at Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana The following items were compiled by SilverPlatter and are presented with their cooperation and permission. Record 1 of 11 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 2000/01-2000/09 TITLE: Genetics of human hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. AUTHOR(S): Layman-LC ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Section of Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta 30912-3360, USA. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Am-J-Med-Genet. 1999 Dec 29; 89(4): 240-8 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0148-7299 PUBLICATION YEAR: 1999 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: UNITED-STATES MINOR MESH HEADINGS: DNA-Binding-Proteins-genetics; FSH-blood; FSH-deficiency; FSH-genetics; Genes,-Homeobox; Genes,-Recessive; Homeodomain-Proteins-genetics; Hypogonadism-blood; Hypogonadism-diagnosis; Hypogonadism-etiology; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal-System-metabolism; Kallmann-Syndrome-genetics; Leptin-genetics; LH-blood; LH-deficiency; LH-genetics; Mutation-; Nerve-Tissue-Proteins-genetics; Receptors,-LHRH-genetics; Receptors,-Retinoic-Acid-genetics; Transcription-Factors-genetics MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Gonadotropins-deficiency; *Hypogonadism-genetics

36. Agenesis07.html TI Imaging findings in patients with clinical anophthalmos. RESULTS Three patientshad primary bilateral anophthalmos on CT (n = 1) and MR (n = 3) studies. http://www.indiana.edu/~pietsch/agenesis07.html

go to Shufflebrain main menu AGENESIS OF THE CORPUS CALLOSUM, THE LITERATURE 07 web contact: pietsch@indiana.edu Literature search at Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana The following MEDLINE items were compiled by SilverPlatter and are presented with their generous permission. ( See SilverPlatter's Worldwide Library for bibliographic search information MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 10/97-1/98 1 of 30 TI: Ring chromosome 13 with loss of the region D13S317-D13S285: phenotypic overlap with XK syndrome. AU: Guala-A; Dellavecchia-C; Mannarino-S; Rognone-F; Giglio-S; Minelli-A; Danesino-C AD: Divisione di Pediatria, Ospedale Civile di Vigevano, Pavia, Italy. SO: Am-J-Med-Genet. 1997 Oct 31; 72(3): 319-23 ISSN: 0148-7299 PY: 1997 LA: ENGLISH CP: UNITED-STATES AB: We report on a patient with a multiple congenital abnormalities/mental retardation (MCA/MR) syndrome including facial abnormalities, agenesis of the corpus callosum, heart defect, 1st ray anomalies of the upper limb, and ambiguous genitalia, whose phenotype overlaps a previous description of XK syndrome. The patient has a ring chromosome (13) with deletion 13q32-qter. Molecular analysis demonstrated loss of the region from D13S317 to D13S285 and a paternal origin of the anomaly. MESH: Chromosome-Banding; Corpus-Callosum-abnormalities; Dinucleotide-Repeats; DNA-Mutational-Analysis; Gene-Deletion; Heart-Defects,-Congenital-genetics; Karyotyping-; Microcephaly-genetics; Microsatellite-Repeats; Pedigree-; Phenotype-; Polymorphism-Genetics; Syndrome-

37. »¶Ó­Äú¹âÁÙ¡¶ÖйúÃÀÈÝҽѧ¡·ÔÓÖ¾ÍøÕ¾ CLINICAL OBSERVAION OF INTRAORBITAL IMPLANTATION. OF HYDROXYAPATITE SPHEREIN anophthalmos?. ZHU Shi ze WU Yu yu WANG Zhao yang et al.?. http://www.zgmryx.com/neiwen/0103wg02.htm

£ÛÕª Òª£Ý Ä¿µÄ£º ¹Û²ìôÇ»ùÁ×»Òʯ(HA)ÑÛ×ù¿ôÄÚÖ²ÈëµÄÁÆЧ¼°²¢·¢Ö¢¡£ ·½·¨£º ¢ñ¡¢¢òÆÚÖ²Èë¹ú²úHAÑÛ×ù28Àý£¬Ëæ·6¡«24¸öÔ¡£ ½áÂÛ£º ¹ú²úHAÑÛ×ùÖ²ÈëÄÜÓÐЧ·ÀÖÎÑÛÇòÕª³ýÊõºóµÄÑÛÎÑ°¼ÏÝ»ûÐΣ¬Ñ¡ÔñÊʵ±´óСµÄÑÛ×ù¡¢ÊõÖгä·Ö·ÖÀë½îĤ£¬È·ÇзìºÏ½îĤºÍ½áĤÊÇ·ÀÖ¹Êõºó²¢·¢Ö¢µÄÓÐЧ·½·¨¡£ª¤ £ÛÖÐͼ·ÖÀàºÅ£ÝR777.1 £ÛÎÄÏ×±êʶÂë£ÝA CLINICAL OBSERVAION OF INTRAORBITAL IMPLANTATION OF HYDROXYAPATITE SPHERE IN ANOPHTHALMOSª¤ ZHU Shi ze WU Yu yu WANG Zhao yang et al.ª¤ Department of Plastic Surgery,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University (Quanzhou 362000)ª¤ £ÛAbstract£Ý Objective£º To observe the complication and effect of intraorbital implantation of hydroxyapatite(HA)sphere in anophthalmos. Methods£º The homemade HA sphere was implanted into the eye socket in 28 patients after enucleation or in anophthalmos.All cases were followedª²up for 6¡«24 months. Results£º satisfactory results of the correction of anophthalmos and the movement of HA implants were obtained in all cases. The complications included:The exposure of HA implants due to scar tissue contracture under conjunctivas occurred in 4 patients.The remove of HA sphere due to larger HA sphere occurred in 1 patient.

38. The Royal College Of Ophthalmologists - Congress 2002 - Abstracts 23 May 2002 11.39 am Treatment of congenital anophthalmos with selfinflating hydrogel expandersM. Schittowski, K. Gundlach, R. Guthoff Departments of Ophthalmology and http://www.rcophth.ac.uk/congress/2002/thurs_abstracts.html

Congress 2003 Final Programme Congress Timetable Registration Forms ... Video abstracts Free Paper Session Thursday 23rd May 2002 11.30 a.m. to 1.00 p.m. 11.30 a.m. The Effect of Corticosteroids on the Retinal Pigment Epithelium C.F Arndt, M.Ferre, E.Parrat, J.C Hache, R.Matran Service dÌExploration fonctionnelles de la Vision, Lille, France and D»partement de Physiologie, Facult» de M»decine, Lille, France Background : As corticosteroids appear to intervene in pathogenesis of central serous chorioretinopathy, ion transport changes within the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) might be involved. Electrophysiological responses to corticosteroid administration were recorded in vivo and in vitro. Methods : Clinical study: The standing ocular potential was recorded during intravenous (iv) infusion of glucose 5% and glucose 5% + prednisolone 0.2% in 14 patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis. The results were compared with a control group receiving two successive identical glucose 5% infusions. In vitro study: Native tissue explants (RPE + choroid, porcine and bovine) were placed in a Ussing type chamber. After baseline determination of the transepithelial potential (PD), short circuit current (Isc) and transepithelial resistance (Rt), the effect of apical hydrocortisone (HC) 10-4 M was determined. Results

39. The Royal College Of Ophthalmologists Of London - National Research Strategy - O 8.2.3 anophthalmos/microphthalmos. Although very rare, children with microphthalmosor anophthalmos are blind or grossly visually handicapped. http://www.rcophth.ac.uk/research_strategy/research02_ocular_adnexal.html

Back Introduction Epidemiology of Eye Disease in the Older Population Retinal Disorders ... Authors, Contributors and Circulation 8 Ocular Adnexal Diseases 8.1 Background 8.2 Research Potential 8.2.1 Tumours 8.2.2 Orbital inflammatory disease ... 8.3 Research Priorities 8.1 Background The main areas of research required in ocular adnexal diseases are either in the causation and treatment of more common diseases (such as eyelid tumours) or of the rarer, but potentially blinding, diseases (such as orbital inflammatory disease or optic nerve tumours). 8.2 Research Potential 8.2.1 Tumours of the eyelid and orbit Basal cell carcinoma and squamous carcinoma are the commonest eyelid tumours, with a rising incidence worldwide in common with skin tumours elsewhere in the body. Moreover, squamous carcinoma of the conjunctiva is reaching epidemic proportions wherever immuno-compromised young patients (generally with HIV infection) are exposed to sunlight. Research needs to be directed towards the epidemiology of these tumours and into the mechanisms of tumourgenesis and its prevention in "at risk" individuals. Further research into the tumour syndromes, such as Gorlin's syndrome or xeroderma pigmentosum would help in the understanding of tumour induction. Orbital lymphoma, with or without systemic involvement, appears to be a much commoner disease than in the past. There is a significant morbidity and mortality with this condition and further investigation of the epidemiology and causation is merited.

40. Eyeatlas - Online Atlas Of Ophthalmology Eyeatlas. The online Atlas of Ophthalmology.anophthalmos. © Copyright Oculisti OnLine. http://www.eyeatlas.com/box/05.htm

Eyeatlas The online Atlas of Ophthalmology Anophthalmos Oculisti OnLine

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