1. Turkey Traditions And Thanksgiving find about the thanksgiving turkey, and how it got associated with the festival. A brief history on the bird, and its popularity. turkey history. Crafts. Letter Heads. Turkey tradition. "The turkey is a much more respectable Bird and withal a true http://theholidayspot.com/thanksgiving/turkey.htm

The Turkey, its traditions, and how it got associated with Thanksgiving Thanksgiving Home Navigation Links Grreat Party Themes Recipes History Jokes-n-one liners Games ... Letter Heads Turkey tradition "The turkey is a much more respectable Bird and withal a true original Native of North America". Remarked Benjamin Franklin, the scientist cum statesman, who was in favor of making Turkey the national Bird, instead of Bald Eagle. The wild turkey is native to northern Mexico and the eastern United States. Later it was domesticated in Mexico, and was brought into Europe early in the 16th century. Since that time, turkeys have been extensively raised because of the excellent quality of their meat and eggs. Some of the common breeds of turkey in the United States are the Bronze, Narragansett, White Holland, and Bourbon Red. Though there is no real evidence that turkey was served at the Pilgrim's first thanksgiving, but through ages it became an indispensable part of the Thanksgiving tradition. The tradition of turkey is rooted in the 'History Of Plymouth Plantation', written by William Bradford some 22 years after the actual celebration. In his letter sent to England Edward Winslow, another Pilgrim, describes how the governor sent "four men out fowling" and they returned with turkeys, ducks and geese.

2. National Turkey Fed - About Main turkey history Facts, turkey history and Trivia We've got the answersto some of the most commonly asked questions about turkeys. http://www.turkeyfed.org/consumer/history.html

Raising Turkeys - Information on the turkey life cycle, genetic developments and improvements in commercial production. Turkey Statistics - An overview of the turkey industry's growth during the last two decades. Turkey History and Trivia - We've got the answers to some of the most commonly asked questions about turkeys. - To ensure maximum enjoyment of your turkey products, here are some recommended practices for buying, storing and preparing turkey. Turkey Industry Structure - Learn about the turkey industry and the distribution of turkey products in the United States and abroad. The National Turkey Federation 1225 New York Avenue NW, Suite 400 Washington, D.C. 20005 TEL: 202.898.0100 FAX: 202.898.0203

3. Turkey's History Getting to Turkey Turkey's Climate Turkish Culture Food and Drink in Turkey Gettingaround turkey history News from Turkey Things to do in Turkey Shopping in http://www.hitit.co.uk/history/efes.html

HiTiT would like to express our thanks to Martin Dean for contributing this excellent illustrated article. The history of Ephesus stretches out like a landscape, from its hazy and distant beginnings veiled in myth, to its later glory, as the Roman Capital of Asia. The name "Ephesos" was probably derived from the word "Apasas", the name for the site in the late Bronze Age. A pre Greek name, most likely meaning bee, it is strongly supported by the popular symbolism of that most famous of goddesses, the Ephesian Artemis. The ancient author Strabo refers to the early populations as "Karians and Lelegians, whilst Pausanias relates the tradition of the Amazons of Thermodon founding the city, and raising a shrine to the goddess, whose protection they sought on several occasions. A popular belief in its second founding by Androklos son of Kodros, the King of Athens, is attested to by architectural reliefs, which can still be viewed today in the nearby Selcuk/Ephesus museum. Translated into stone, the famous words of the Oracle of Apollo, telling where the city should be built, " a fish shall show you, and a boar will lead the way", celebrate the ancient story. Archaeological evidence has yet to support this myth, although geographical elements from the story share distinct similarities with the geography of the earliest settlements, where the finding of ceramics dating to Mycenean times further demonstrate the antiquity of the site. With a total population reaching 200,000 (1st Century AD), Ephesus's successful development was largely due to certain geographical advantages. In its earliest times, the unusual feature of a beach with fresh water spring, provided ancient sailors with a valuable resource, whilst its possession of a sheltered harbour for ships travelling the Aegean trade routes, and location at the western point of one of the great land trade routes, ensured the city's prosperity.

4. Turkey History And Lore Some turkey experts speculate that these birds are curiously looking at raindrops Historyof Thanksgiving http//www.historychannel.com Find out what the http://www.urbanext.uiuc.edu/turkey/history.html

Dressing a Really Big Bird Without turkeys, Big Bird would be naked. Big Bird, of Sesame Street fame, is actually dressed in turkey feathers. Although he is not a turkey, his costume is made of nearly 4,000 white turkey feathers, which have been dyed bright yellow. The First Turkey Trot Turkey: The National Bird? Ben Franklin thought the North American wild turkey should be the national bird. Of course, the turkey of his day was nothing like the domesticated descendants we know today. The wild turkey of Ben Franklin's day was a brightly plumed, cunning bird of flight. Unlike eagles, turkeys live in flocks. Imagine seeing a flock of birds as large as turkeys flying across the sky. It must have been a wondrous sight. Wild turkeys have longer necks and legs as well as smaller breasts than turkeys bred for the table. The true American turkey was "wild and wary to the point of genius," said author G. T. Klein. Ben Franklin on the Turkey as the National Bird http://www.clickondetroit.com/sh/holidays/stories/holidays-20001113-135438.html

5. History Of Turks And Turkey History of Turks and Turkey. The Republic of Turkey, founded in 1923, hasits roots in two historical sources deep in the depths of the past. http://www.mfa.gov.tr/grupc/ca/cab/default.htm

Printer Friendly Version History of Turks and Turkey The Republic of Turkey, founded in 1923, has its roots in two historical sources deep in the depths of the past. One of these resources inherited by modern Turkey is the successful and shining history of the Turks over a time frame of more than 4,000 years. The other is the fact that Turks have been settled in Anatolia since the 11th century. The Huns The first Turkish tribe that is mentioned in history is the Huns. Clear records about the Huns made their appearance in the 8 th century B.C. Chinese sources refer to the Huns as Hiung-nu and in time, some of the Huns migrated to the West. The Gokturks Founded in 552 AD by Bumin Khan, the Gokturks engaged in widespread diplomatic activity. The famed Orhun epitaphs from this period are made up of the tombstone inscriptions of Tonyukuk (d.720), Kültigin (d.731) and Bilge Kagan (d.734) The Uygurs The rule of the Göktürks was brought to an end in the year 745 by the Uygurs, who were of the same ethnic stock as themselves. In this manner all the Turks who had converged under the banner of the Göktürks were dispersed to that of the Uygurs that the agricultural basin where they lived became known as Turkistan. In the year 1229, the Mongols put an end to Uygur sovereignty; the Uygurs however, became their cultural and political mentors. The Turks and Islam Contacts between the Turks and Moslems commenced at the beginning of the 8th century and some of the Turks began to favour Islam. However the pro-Arab policies of the Omayads (661-750 A.D) restricted these relations somewhat. Later, many Moslem Turks took office in the Abbside government and because of this, great interest in the Islamic world spread among the Turks beyond the River Ceyhun. Commercial caravans also played a major role in the spread of Islam into the steppes of Central Asia. The Turks became fully Moslem by the 10th century, and this resulted in the achievement to political unity. Following these developments, the first Moslem Turkish state was formed by the Karahans.

6. Turkey History - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, Cu turkey history Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources,Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, Social Statistics http://www.workmall.com/wfb2001/turkey/turkey_history_index.html

Country Ranks Introduction History Geography People Government Gov. Leaders ... [TOP] Turkey History Index http://workmall.com/wfb2001/turkey/turkey_history_index.html Source: The Library of Congress Country Studies History Introduction Historical Setting Ancient Anatolia Hittites ... Economic Stabilization and Prospects for the 1990s NOTE: The information regarding Turkey on this page is re-published from The Library of Congress Country Studies. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Turkey History information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Turkey History should be addressed to the Library of Congress. Please put this page in your BOOKMARKS - - - - - Enter your e-mail address to receive e-mail when this web site is updated. Your Internet e-mail address: http://workmall.com/wfb2001/turkey/turkey_history_index.html Revised 04-Jul-02 Photius Coutsoukis

7. Turkey: History turkey history. INTRODUCTION 1. Political situation 2. Economy 3.Health Education 4. Religions Peoples 5. History, This summary http://i-cias.com/e.o/turkey_5.htm

READER ADS: Nanny/childcare?housekeeper/ Live_out PUT YOUR AD HERE - FREE ... Click to open Encyclopaedia of the Orient on its front page Turkey: History INTRODUCTION Political situation Economy History This summary starts in 1923, which marked the fall of the Ottoman Empire, and the rise of the new Turkey. For full pre-1923 history, see the articles on Ottoman Empire After the postwar occupation, and a war for independence, the Turkish republic is proclaimed and Mustafa Kemal takes the position of president. Ankara is being prepared to become the capital of the new country. Kemal defines the new Turkey as a secular republic, based on the indirect will of its people, on a Turkish national feeling and on governmental influence on the economy. All these changes were to be implemented immediately. The Caliphate is abolished, but this was short-lived, and never had much international influence. The abolishment instituted by Kemal was another effort to break free from the Ottoman past of Turkey. The 15 years of Kemal at the lead, was a period of clever and moderate political leadership, based upon European ideals. Turkey had significant economical growth, and made great steps in direction of being considered a European state. Mustafa Kemal receives the honorary title Atatürk , 'father of the Turks', from the Grand National Assembly.

8. Turkey History Links Search EurasiaNet. Eurasia Policy Forum, • Drug Policy, HIV/AIDS and the PublicHealth Crisis in Central Asia. • Caspian Revenue Watch. turkey history LINKS. http://www.eurasianet.org/resource/turkey/links/history.shtml

Eurasia Insight Analysis of current affairs Deals, Developments, and Trends Environment Hazards and Solutions Expert and Observer Interviews Culture News, Book Reviews, and Photo Essays Human Rights Monitoring and Actions Recaps Summaries of Expert Meetings Election Watch Results and Analysis Discussion Forums East of Magnum An Online Photo Exhibition EurasiaNet Partners Contributing Sites Grants and Employment Opportunities in Central Eurasia Search EurasiaNet Eurasia Policy Forum Drug Policy, HIV/AIDS and the Public Health Crisis in Central Asia Caspian Revenue Watch TURKEY HISTORY LINKS History of Turkey Ministry of Foreign Affairs' Turkish history General History from Turizm.net Discover Turkey: History of Anatolia Turkey History from the WWW Virtual Library Lycian history General history/handcraft history Kurdish History Books on Turkish History ... Ataturk history Subscribe to EurasiaNet Enter your email address below to receive our weekly bulletin: Check here to be notified of our meetings in New York

9. Turkey History An ancient civilization dating back to the Hittites, Turkey has witnessed all fromthe Persians to Alexander, Rome and the Byzantines, history is encapsulated http://www.nationbynation.com/Turkey/History1.html

BACK TO THE FRONT PAGE BASIC INFO. GEOGRAPHY GOVERNMENT BACK TO THE FRONT PAGE BASIC INFO. GEOGRAPHY GOVERNMENT ... TURKEY An ancient civilization dating back to the Hittites, Turkey has witnessed all the great empires and conquerors marching on its territory. From Troy, to the Assyrians, from the Persians to Alexander, Rome and the Byzantines, history is encapsulated in this region of Asia Minor. By the end of the 13th century, the Ottomans had begun to expand, eventually encompassing Europe, the Middle East, Arabia, and Iran. After some 500 years, the Ottomans began to weaken. Known as 'the sick man of Europe', the empire saw its possessions begin to disappear. By the first World War, the empire was almost completely reduced and it took the Father of modern Turkey, Kamal Ataturk, to seize power, regain territory (with the help of the Soviet Union) and set the borders of what is modern Turkey. In 1923, it was declared a republic and the last vestiges of Ottoman power (the Caliphate) was officially at an end. Turkey became a founding member of the United Nations following World War II (for much of the war, Turkey maintained a careful neutrality but did end up declaring war on Nazi Germany in 1945). Turkey became a major ally of the United States, which regarded it as an important bulwark both against communism and Islamic fundamentalism. Turkey has faced a variety of political crises over the years, including Cyprus (major conflict with Greece), corruption, and the emergence of Islamic fundamentalist agitation.

10. Books About Turkey History Search the net for about books history turkey http://bookstore.myturkeycenter.com/subject_turkey_history.htm

The MyTurkeyCenter Bookstore Search: Home Connect Contact Newsletter ... The Trojan War by Olivia E. Coolidge Buy This Book Now! No picture for The Ottoman Empire, 1300-1650 The Ottoman Empire, 1300-1650 by Colin Imber Buy This Book Now! Gallipoli by Alan Moorehead Buy This Book Now! The Ottoman Kitchen: Modern Recipes from Turkey, Greece, the Balkans, Lebanon, and Syria by Sarah Woodward Buy This Book Now! My Name Is Red by Orhan Pamuk Buy This Book Now! The Forty Days of Musa Dagh by Franz Werfel Buy This Book Now! Lords of the Horizon: A History of the Ottaman Empire by Jason Goodwin Buy This Book Now! Constantinople: City of the World's Desire 1453-1924 by Philip Mansel Buy This Book Now! Turkey: A Modern History by Erik J. Zurcher Buy This Book Now! No picture for The art of Constantinople The art of Constantinople: an introduction to Byzantine art 330-1453 by John Beckwith Buy This Book Now! No picture for Scotch and Holy Water Scotch and Holy Water by John D. Tumpane Buy This Book Now! Constantinople 1453: The End of Byzantium (Campaign Series, 78) by David, Phd Nicolle Buy This Book Now!

11. Turkey History Turkey Recent history Last updated in October 2002 1918. Defeat of the Ottoman Empirein WW I; armistice of Mudros, Turkey partly occupied by the Allied Powers. http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/www/en/laenderinfos/laender/laender_ausgabe_html?

12. Turkey History Anatolia Ottoman Empire And Byzantium Culture And Art INTRODUCTION to the History of Anatolia. The culture. The early BronzeAge marks an important break through for the history of Anatolia. http://www.bigglook.com/biggtraveleng/history/index.asp

Bigglook Biggcinema Biggmenu Biggistanbul ... Turkish H I S T O R Y Reservations Hotels Tours Blue Cruises Air Tickets ... Weather Community Message Board Travel Articles Restaurants Recipes About Us Company Info Contact Us FAQ Recommend us History Introduction Byzantium Ottomans Ataturk Introduction 7. Century B.C. Hellenistic Age Romans Selcuks INTRODUCTION to the History of Anatolia The earliest traces of mankind in Asia Minor date back to the Upper Paleolithic era, roughly 100.000 BC.. Excavations, carried out in several major sites, provided important clues on a number of substantial human settlements from 8.000 BC on. Çayönü (7.250-6.750 BC) and Hacýlar (7.040 BC) are both dated to the aceramic age. The Catalhoyuk settlement (6.500-5.650 BC), with twelve subsequent levels discovered so far, stands out as a most distinguished center of prehistoric culture and demonstrates the first systematic urban settlement (an estimated population of 5 to 10 thousand) recorded in history. Can Hasan (5.500 BC on) to the first settlement in Troy (correspond to 3.000 BC.), Anatolia falls into a dark age with almost no remarkable progress over the dominant rural culture. HITTITES (18th-12th. BC.):

13. Turkey History/Ataturk is instead of religious law is integrated.( 1926) The liberation of the women ofTurkey by giving ( 1928 ) The foundation of Turkish History Institution The http://www.bigglook.com/biggtraveleng/history/ataturk.asp

Bigglook Biggcinema Biggmenu Biggistanbul ... Turkish H I S T O R Y Reservations Hotels Tours Blue Cruises Air Tickets ... Weather Community Message Board Travel Articles Restaurants Recipes About Us Company Info Contact Us FAQ Recommend us ... Address to the Turkish Youth ATATURK Ataturk and Modern Turkey Ataturk is the national hero of Turkey. He has founded the modern Turkish Republic out of the ashes of the Ottoman Empire; an empire that is seen as the sick man of Europe at the turn of the century. His modern perspective created a new nation and a country, and a secular state understanding different from most other Islamic countries was introduced by him. Once you step in Turkey, you will see his statues and the busts all over. One of the best books written about Ataturk from a foreigner's point of view is the book titled " The Rebirth of a Nation" by Lord Kinross. He was born in the year 1881 in Thessaloniki, within the Ottoman Empire's borders at that time, in Greece at present . His full name was Mustafa Kemal and the Ataturk surname, meaning the father of Turks, was given to him by the Turkish people (1934 November 24th.) in accordance with his reforms he has introduced to create a modern Turkish country.

14. Documentaries About Turkey: History Channel 'History's Mysteries' During our 22 days of traveling and conducting interviews, exploring some of theincredible sights and history to be found in Turkey we gathered the material http://www.deepphoto.com/dranch/documentaries.html

home shooting plan journal locations ... e-mail DOCUMENTARIES During our 22 days of traveling and conducting interviews, exploring some of the incredible sights and history to be found in Turkey we gathered the material for three television documentaries to be show on the History Channel, USA: Ancient City Found and Lost: This program, mainly about Zeugma, but including Hasankeyf, Samsat, and Tilbes was first broadcast on January 2nd 2001, as part of the History's Mysteries series. An estimated 1,500,000 Americans have viewed the program so far. Videotapes can be purchased from the History Channel's web site. The Search for Noah's Ark will be first shown on April 30, 2001, also as part of the History's Mysteries series. Nemrut Dag will be shown this spring, also as part of the History's Mysteries series.

15. Wild Turkey History The History Timeline is also available for printing by downloading it in pdf format. Official Nest Wild Turkey Flock Word With The Bird Rare Breed http://www.wildturkeybourbon.com/nest/history.htm

The History Timeline is also available for printing by downloading it in pdf format Official Nest Wild Turkey Flock Word With The Bird ... Terms And Conditions

16. Turkey History Only in Turkey can one witness such a vast mosaic of history, the Kingdoms andcivilizations that have grown, flourished and then disappeared over time. http://www.bodtur.com/tourlt15a.html

Tour Code: LT15A "Unforgettable Experience of Turkey" (15 Days / 14 Nights) Day 1 - Istanbul Arrival at Istanbul airport , you will be met and transferred to your hotel. Dinner and overnight at your hotel. (D) Day 2 - Istanbul Following breakfast, we drive to the 'Old City' where we will visit the Hippodrome, The Museum of Turkish and Islamic Arts, the Blue Mosque, famous for its delicate blue ceramic tiles and Saint Sophia. This church - turned mosque - turned museum takes the breath away with the sheer architectural size of its interior and magnificent dome and next we will visit the spectacular Topkapi Palace. Built on one of the seven hills of Istanbul, this huge complex commands views of the Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus and the Golden Horn. It was the seat of government for the Ottoman Empire for many centuries (1453-1852) and we will see the extravagant Treasury, the priceless Chinese porcelain. In the evening an optional dinner including Belly Dancing, Folklore Show is available. (B,L)

17. Turkey: History And Culture turkey history and Culture Turkey Historical Information(in TurkeyA CountryStudy). Other Related Information History Other Related Information Turkey http://library.louisville.edu/government/international/turkey/turkhistory.html

Turkey: History and Culture Turkey Historical Information(in Turkey-A Country Study) Other Related Information: History Other Related Information: Turkey Back to International Information Comments to Barbara Whitener, GovPubs Webmaster URL:http://library.louisville.edu/ekstrom/govpubs/international/turkey/turkhistory.html

18. Thanksgiving Turkey History Home Events Holidays Thanksgiving American turkey historyTurkey Holidays. Picture the traditional Thanksgiving dinner a http://dcpages.ari.net/Events/Holidays/Thanksgiving/Turkey_History.shtml

DC Today Local Events Message Boards Classifieds ... Thanksgiving Turkey Holidays Picture the traditional Thanksgiving dinner: a festive table, a loving family, glowing candles and the finest china used only on special occasions. And the centerpiece of the festive meal: the turkey, golden brown, with stuffing and gravy on the side, awaiting the carving knife and whetting the appetites of all those present. This centerpiece scene, emerges from both holiday traditions and a unique world history of a native American god bird. Wild Turkey Origins There are two types of wild turkey, both of which are strong fliers (up to 55 mph for short distances) and among the fastest runners (15-30 mph). One type is originally from Yucatan and Guatemala (Agriocharis ocellata; 47 family - Phasianidae) and the other is from Mexico and the US (Meleagris gallopavo; family -Phasianidae). From the fossil record they were once much more widespread. They diverged from pheasants 11 million years ago and were likely "distributed continuously from middle latitudes of North America to northern South America during the Pleistocene". Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo), or "huexolotlin" in the ancient language of the Aztecs in Mexico was one of the first animals in the Americas to be domesticated. The Aztecs in Mexico considered "huexolotlin" so important, they dedicated two religious festivals a year to the birds. During the celebration, turkey eggshells which had been saved for months were strewn upon the streets to honor the god who favored them with such a plentiful source of food. The turkey was also one of the manifestations of Tezcatlipoca, the trickster god, who had been elevated to the highest position in the Aztec polytheistic pantheon. All year round, it was not uncommon for over 1000 turkeys a day to be sold in a busy Aztec market. There is evidence that turkeys and were kept in pens for their plumage. The natives used turkey feathers for necklaces, head adornments, and arrows.

19. Turkey History To Be Highlight Of Brown Bag All rights reserved. turkey history to be highlight of Brown Bag. JULIEMILLS Daily Beacon Student Life Editor Gobble, gobble, gobble. http://dailybeacon.utk.edu/issues/v70/n53/tur.53n.html

FROM THE NOVEMBER 8, 1995 ISSUE Turkey history to be highlight of Brown Bag JULIE MILLS Daily Beacon Student Life Editor Gobble, gobble, gobble. The McClung Museum wants to talk turkey at the Brown Bag Lunch Lecture at 12:15 p.m. today. Dr. Emanuel Breitburg, from the Department of Environment and Conservation in the State Division of Archaeology, will present "Let's Talk Turkey." Breitburg will discuss the history of turkeys and how they became domesticated. He will present the cultural effects the birds had on society. Originally, turkeys became domesticated in Southwest portion of the United States. The Native Americans used the turkey as a source of food and to create textile products. Through trade, the turkey was introduced in Central Mexico. The turkey symbolized significant economic value to the Native Americans, who used it as currency. Eventually, the turkey was introduced to various European kings and queens and later, spread through all of Europe, Breitburg said. Breitburg plans to show slides of items such as fish hooks, utensils and tools made from turkey bones that were recovered from various archaeological sites.

20. NCBuy: Country Reference - Turkey History Turkey, Turkey Population 67,308,928 (July 2002 est.) Capital Ankara.Turkey Backgrounds History. The legendary Mustafa Kemal, a http://www.ncbuy.com/reference/country/backgrounds.html?code=tu&sec=backhistory

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