1. Pneumonia Definition, descriptions of different types of pneumonia, duration, prevention and treatment.Category Health Conditions and Diseases pneumonia...... pneumonia. March 20, 2003. Because of this and spreading infection through thebody pneumonia can cause death. pneumonia can have over 30 different causes. http://www.lungusa.org/diseases/lungpneumoni.html

Home Diseases A to Z Pneumonia Search Site Local Search Enter Your ZIP Pneumonia April 10, 2003 October 2002 Causes of Pneumonia Bacterial Pneumonia Viral Pneumonia Mycoplasma Pneumonia ... If You Have Symptoms WHAT IS PNEUMONIA? Pneumonia is a serious infection or inflammation of your lungs. The air sacs in the lungs fill with pus and other liquid. Oxygen has trouble reaching your blood. If there is too little oxygen in your blood, your body cells can't work properly. Because of this and spreading infection through the body pneumonia can cause death. Pneumonia can have over 30 different causes. Until 1936, pneumonia was the No.1 cause of death in the U.S. Since then, the use of antibiotics brought it under control. In 2000, pneumonia and influenza combined ranked as the seventh leading cause of death. Pneumonia affects your lungs in two ways. Lobar pneumonia affects a section (lobe) of a lung. Bronchial pneumonia (or bronchopneumonia) affects patches throughout both lungs. CAUSES OF PNEUMONIA Pneumonia is not a single disease. It can have over 30 different causes. There are five main causes of pneumonia: BACTERIAL PNEUMONIA Bacterial pneumonia can attack anyone from infants through the very old. Alcoholics, the debilitated, post-operative patients, people with respiratory diseases or viral infections and people who have weakened immune systems are at greater risk.

2. Pneumonia In Sheep pneumonia in Sheep. June, 1999. Dr. S. John Martin, BVM S, MRCVS, OMAFRA Veterinary Scientist, Sheep, Goat and Swine http://www.gov.on.ca/omafra/english/livestock/sheep/facts/info_shppneum.htm

Pneumonia in Sheep June, 1999 OMAF Veterinary Scientist, Sheep, Goat and Swine Pneumonia outbreaks are rarely simple, especially in a group of lambs. The actual infecting agent could be one of a number of bacteria, a mycoplasma or a virus. Many of these organisms are commonly found in the respiratory tract of healthy lambs where they cause no trouble that is until some predisposing factor stresses the respiratory system. The stressor could be the collection of a group of lambs from grass to a dusty yard for shipping, poor ventilation in a barn, build up of ammonia from a manure pack in a building, high humidity, overcrowding or any combination of these. The clinical signs will vary with the severity. Early in an outbreak you may realize that there is more coughing in the group than previously; when moving the lambs some may lag behind and be breathing hard. There can be very sick animals which require individual treatments; there may be some deaths. In one New Zealand report of a pneumonia outbreak, 2-3 days after driving 850 lambs from pasture to a dusty collecting yard, 24 were dead; another 12 died in the next two weeks. There were sporadic cases of pneumonia in the survivors every time that they were handled. Treatment of individual lambs is difficult except in the small flock. Treatment must be aimed at the cause of the secondary infection to attempt to save the animals, and to reduce lung damage. Because of the variety of agents that can be implicated, an accurate identification of the infectious agent is a must.

3. What You Should Know About Pneumonia - From The Canadian Lung Association pneumonia can be a serious threat to your health. Since the early 1960s pneumonia has been second only to lung cancer as a leading cause of death related to respiratory diseases. http://www.lung.ca/pneumonia

Pneumonia can be a serious threat to your health. Since the early 1960's pneumonia has been second only to lung cancer as a leading cause of death related to respiratory diseases. Preventative action can help reduce the risk of pneumonia. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) What Is Pneumonia? Causes ... Recommend this page The Canadian Lung Association site strives to provide you with timely, accurate information, which is not intended for diagnosis or self treatment Privacy Statement

4. E-Pneumonia.com: Information About Pneumonia, Diagnosis And Treatment Healthcare professionals and scientists have carefully prepared this ALtruis Biomedical Networkaffiliated site, intended for informational purposes only. Bacterial pneumonia Protozoal pneumonia Viral pneumonia. pneumonia is caused by an infection or injury to the lower http://www.e-pneumonia.com/

Healthcare professionals and scientists have carefully prepared this ALtruis Biomedical Network-affiliated site, intended for informational purposes only Partners: Bacterial Pneumonia Protozoal Pneumonia Viral Pneumonia Pneumonia is caused by an infection or injury to the lower respiratory tract resulting in inflammation . Infectious agents or injury caused by aspiration of dust or chemical agents causes fluid to enter the alveolar spaces. The symptoms of pneumonia include chills, fever, cough, chest pain, labored breathing, fatigue, anorexia, headache, leucocytosis, and bloody sputum. Pneumonia can also result from the aspiration of gastric contents, water, or other irritants. Infectious pneumonia is common in the US with about 2-3 million cases being diagnosed each year resulting in 40,000 to 70,000 deaths. Mortality is estimated at 14% for patients requiring hospitalization. Risk factors include upper respiratory infections advanced age , alcoholism, cigarette smoking , institutionalization, malnutrition , immunocompromise, and illnesses such as cancer liver or kidney disease

5. MEDLINEplus: Pneumonia All Topics. pneumonia. Contents of this Children Seniors. Search MEDLINEfor recent research articles on • pneumonia. You may also http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/pneumonia.html

Skip navigation Other health topics: A B C D ... List of All Topics Pneumonia Contents of this page: News From the NIH General/Overviews Diagnosis/Symptoms ... Seniors Search MEDLINE for recent research articles on Pneumonia You may also be interested in these MEDLINEplus related pages: Infections Lungs and Breathing Latest News CDC Investigating 11 Pneumonia Cases (03/20/2003, United Press International) Scientists Track Source of Mystery Pneumonia (03/19/2003, Reuters Health) US Cases of Suspected Pneumonia Drop to 9, CDC Says (03/18/2003, Reuters Health) Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: CDC Issues Health Alert about Atypical Pneumonia (03/15/2003, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) More News on Pneumonia From the National Institutes of Health Pneumococcal Pneumonia (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) General/Overviews Pneumonia (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research) Clinical Trials ClinicalTrials.gov: Pneumonia (National Institutes of Health) Diagnosis/Symptoms Radiography-Chest (Chest X-ray) (American College of Radiology, Radiological Society of North America) Prevention/Screening Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine: What You Need to Know (National Immunization Program) Pneumonia Prevention: It's Worth a Shot (National Institute on Aging) Research Drug Resistant Pneumococcal Bacteria Increasing as Antibiotic Use Grows (American Medical Association) New Measure May Help Prevent Patients With Pneumonia From Being Sent Home Too Soon (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality)

6. The Body: Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia Information resources on this common AIDSrelated infection and its treatment from TheBody.com. http://www.thebody.com/treat/pcp.html

Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia (PCP) The Basics Treatment News Research ... Archive The Basics PCP (Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia) (July 27, 2002) To read PDF, click here From New Mexico AIDS InfoNet Preventing PCP (May 31, 2001) A Simple Facts Sheet from the AIDS Treatment Data Network Update: Stopping PCP Prophylaxis (October 1999) From HIV Newsline You Can Prevent PCP in Children: A Guide for People with HIV Infection (July 1999) From Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Hold the Bactrim (April 1999) Stopping PCP prophylaxis after suppressing HIV From Gay Men's Health Crisis OI Update: Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia (June 1998) From HIV Newsline PCP (Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia) Prevention Fact Sheet (January 1998) From Project Inform Staying Well (Summer 1997) Women and PCP From Women Alive PCP Forgotten But Not Gone (January 1997) From Women Alive Pneumonia The Basic Facts From the American Lung Association Treatment Dapsone (Avlosulfon) Fact Sheet (May 8, 2002) To read PDF, click here From the New Mexico AIDS InfoNet Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX, Bactrim, Septra) Fact Sheet (May 8, 2002) To read PDF, click

7. Pneumonia: New Prediction Model Proves Promising pneumonia is a lung infection that can be caused by different types of germs, most commonly viruses. This article for parents explains the characteristics of various types of pneumonia. http://www.ahcpr.gov/clinic/pneuclin.htm

Pneumonia: New Prediction Model Proves Promising Research Findings for Clinicians Overview A new clinical prediction model can help clinicians determine the most appropriate care for newly diagnosed cases of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). The model recently was announced by a team of researchers supported through a grant from the Federal Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR). The model stratifies patients into risk categories based on their medical history, physical examination findings, and a limited set of laboratory and radiographic results. This is a major breakthrough, since the factors used to predict risk are clearly defined and can be readily assessed at the time of patient presentation. The model also predicts other important medical outcomes, such as length of hospitalization, admission to an intensive care unit for respiratory failure or hemodynamic compromise, and time to usual activities. About 600,000 of the 4 million Americans who develop CAP each year are hospitalized. Because of a lack of evidence-based admission criteria and the tendency to overestimate the risk of death, many low-risk patients who could just as safely be treated as outpatients are instead admitted for more costly inpatient care. The investigators made projections from a prospective cohort study of 2,287 CAP patients in Pittsburgh, Boston, and Halifax, Nova Scotia. They suggest that if the model had been used, 26-31 percent of the patients who were hospitalized for care could have been treated safely as outpatients, and an additional 13-19 percent could have been hospitalized only briefly for observation. The investigators validated the model for accuracy and general applicability with data on over 50,000 CAP patients in 275 U.S. and Canadian hospitals.

8. Ovine Progressive Pneumonia In Sheep Provides information on ovine progressive pneumonia, a common disease in sheep. Covers prevalence, transmission, clinical signs, diagnosis, and control and eradication of the disease. Includes color photos showing infected lungs and microscopic crosssections of lungs. For sheep http://www.extension.umn.edu/distribution/livestocksystems/DI5750.html

FO-05750 1993 To Order Ovine Progressive Pneumonia in Sheep Cynthia B. Wolf General Ovine progressive pneumonia is a viral disease of sheep in North America. Common synonyms for this disease are progressive pneumonia and OPP. The OPP virus closely resembles Maedi-Visna, which is a similar slow virus (retrovirus) found in other parts of the world. The OPP virus can cause disease with any of the following signs: severe and progressive weight loss, labored breathing or pneumonia, paralysis, swollen joints associated with lameness, and palpably hard, unproductive udders. However, most infected sheep never show clinical signs of disease. Once a sheep is infected with the virus, that animal stays infected for its lifetime and serves as a carrier even in the presence of high levels of circulating antibodies. Unlike some viral diseases, the presence of antibodies is not indicative of immunity. Figure 1. OPP-affected lung showing enlarged size and meaty texture.

9. Pneumonia At Pneumonia.net Information about bacterial and viral pneumonia and its diagnosis, prevention and treatment, plus Category Health Conditions and Diseases pneumonia......pneumonia at pneumonia.net Dedicated to being the best source forpneumonia as well as providing other excellent Health resources. http://www.pneumonia.net/

Welcome to Pneumonia at Pneumonia.net We are dedicated to being the best source for Pneumonia as well as providing other excellent Health resources. Click here to proceed to Pneumonia at Pneumonia.net

10. Official Website Of Rockin' Pneumonia Cover band featuring classic and modern rock hits. Plays throughout the Washington/Baltimore/Annapolis area at clubs, hotels, restaurants and festivals, and available for special events. http://www.rockinpneumonia.com

11. EMedicine - Pneumonia, Bacterial : Article By James Stephen, MD Article about bacterial pneumonia, which is caused by a pathogenic infection of the lungs.Category Health Conditions and Diseases pneumonia......pneumonia, Bacterial Bacterial pneumonia is caused by a pathogenic infection ofthe lungs and may present as a primary disease process or as the final coup http://www.emedicine.com/EMERG/topic465.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties CME PDA ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Patient Education Advanced Search Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Emergency Medicine Pulmonary Pneumonia, Bacterial Last Updated: March 19, 2003 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: lung infection, severe acute respiratory syndrome, SARS AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 11 Author Information Introduction Clinical Differentials ... Bibliography Author: James Stephen, MD , Associate Director, Kiwanis Pediatric Trauma Service, Assistant Professor, Director of Graduate Education, Department of Emergency Medicine, Tufts Medical School and New England Medical Center James Stephen, MD, is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine Editor(s): Dana A Stearns, MD , Assistant Director of Undergraduate Education, Assistant, Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital; Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD , Senior Pharmacy Editor, Pharmacy, eMedicine; Paul Blackburn, DO

12. MayoClinic A description of the disease plus complications, risk factors, diagnosis and treatment. http://www.mayoclinic.com/home?id=5.1.1.16.8

13. American Lung Association Fact Sheet - Pneumonia American Lung Association® Fact Sheet pneumonia. pneumonia encompasses manydifferent diseases that involve infection or inflammation of the lungs. http://www.lungusa.org/diseases/pneumonia_factsheet.html

Home Diseases A to Z Pneumonia Search Site Local Search Enter Your ZIP April 10, 2003 October 2002 "Pneumonia" encompasses many different diseases that involve infection or inflammation of the lungs. Pneumonia is caused by a variety of agents such as bacteria, viruses, and mycoplasmas, among others. Pneumonia remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States; in 1996 there were an estimated 4.8 million cases of pneumonia. In 1996 (latest data available), there were an estimated 4.8 million cases of pneumonia resulting in 54.6 million restricted-activity days and 31.5 million bed days. In 2000, there were approximately 1.3 million hospitalizations, 1.3 million emergency room visits, and 63,548 deaths recorded in the United States. Pneumonia affects the lungs in two ways. Lobar pneumonia affects a lobe of the lungs, and bronchial pneumonia can affect patches throughout both lungs. The major types of pneumonia are bacterial pneumonia, viral pneumonia, and mycoplasma pneumonia. Others include pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), which is caused by a fungus, primarily in AIDS patients. Pneumonia also may be caused by the inhalation of food, liquid, gases or dust, and by fungi. Certain diseases, such as tuberculosis, can cause pneumonia. People considered at high risk for pneumonia include the elderly, the very young, and those with underlying health problems, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), diabetes mellitus, congestive heart failure and sickle cell anemia. Patients with diseases that impair the immune system, such as AIDS, or patients with other chronic illnesses, such as asthma, or those undergoing cancer therapy or organ transplantation, are particularly vulnerable.

14. CNN - Yeltsin Suffering From Pneumonia, To Be Hospitalized - Jan. 8, 1997 CNN.com http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/9701/08/yeltsin/

Yeltsin hospitalized with pneumonia January 8, 1997 Web posted at: 3:40 p.m. EST (2040 GMT) MOSCOW (CNN) Russian President Boris Yeltsin was hospitalized Wednesday after being diagnosed with the "first signs of pneumonia," his official press service said. Yeltsin, 65, was readmitted to the Central Clinical Hospital, also known as the Kremlin hospital in suburban Moscow, just two months after undergoing a heart bypass operation. He was taken to the hospital at about 9 p.m. local time. A presidential press service spokesman said Yeltsin was diagnosed with his illness during a routine physical examination. The spokesman would not elaborate on the president's condition, except to say that Yeltsin was not running a fever. Chief Kremlin doctor Sergei Mironov is supervising the medical team that is treating the president. Dr. Michael DeBakey, who served as a consultant for Yeltsin's surgery last year, told CNN that the pneumonia is not related to the operation. "I expect him to be all right, and I would say that in a matter of three days to a week you're going to see improvement and (he'll) probably leave the hospital," DeBakey said. Yeltsin became ill with the flu Monday, only two weeks after returning to full-time work. He had been largely sidelined for six months due to heart problems, which included quintuple bypass surgery on November 5.

15. MEDLINEplus Medical Encyclopedia: Pneumonia pneumonia. Alternative names Return to top Pneumonitis; Bronchopneumonia;Communityacquired pneumonia. Definition Return to top pneumonia http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000145.htm

Skip navigation Medical Encyclopedia Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Pneumonia Contents of this page: Illustrations Alternative names Definition Causes, incidence, and risk factors ... Prevention Illustrations Pneumococci organism Lungs White nail syndrome Pneumococcal pneumonia ... Respiratory system Alternative names Return to top Pneumonitis; Bronchopneumonia; Community-acquired pneumonia Definition Return to top Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lungs caused by a bacterial, viral, or fungal infection. Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top Pneumonia is a very common, often serious illness that affects about 3-4 million people each year in the United States. Many different organisms can cause pneumonia, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Bacterial pneumonias tend to be the most serious. In adults, bacteria are the most common cause, and of these Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is the most common. Respiratory viruses are the most common causes of pneumonia in young children, peaking between the ages of 2 and 3. By school age, the bacterium Mycoplasma pneumoniae becomes more common.

16. InteliHealth: Pneumonia pneumonia is an infection of the lungs that is associated with cough, sputum (coughedup fluid and mucus), fever, http://www.intelihealth.com/IH/ihtIH?t=10552&p=~br,IHW|~st,24479|~r,WSIHW000|~b,

17. Pneumonia pneumonia is a lung infection that can be caused by different typesof germs, most commonly viruses. This article of pneumonia. http://kidshealth.org/parent/infections/bacterial_viral/pneumonia.html

KidsHealth Parents Infections Signs and Symptoms: Pneumonia is a general term that refers to an infection of the lungs, which can be caused by a variety of microorganisms , including viruses, bacteria, and parasites. Often pneumonia begins after an upper respiratory tract infection (an infection of the nose and throat). When this happens, symptoms of pneumonia begin after 2 or 3 days of a cold or sore throat. Symptoms of pneumonia vary, depending on the age of the child and the cause of the pneumonia. Some common symptoms include: fever chills cough unusually rapid breathing breathing with grunting or wheezing sounds labored breathing that makes a child's rib muscles retract (when muscles under the rib cage or between ribs draw inward with each breath) vomiting chest pain abdominal pain decreased activity loss of appetite (in older children) or poor feeding (in infants) in extreme cases, bluish or gray color of the lips and fingernails Sometimes a child's only symptom is rapid breathing. Sometimes when the pneumonia is in the lower part of the lungs near the abdomen, there may be no breathing problems at all, but there may be fever and abdominal pain or vomiting. When pneumonia is caused by bacteria, an infected child usually becomes sick relatively quickly and experiences the sudden onset of high fever and unusually rapid breathing. When pneumonia is caused by viruses, symptoms tend to appear more gradually and are often less severe than in bacterial pneumonia. Wheezing may be more common in viral pneumonia.

18. EMedicine - Hospital-Acquired Infections : Article By Quoc V Nguyen, MD Physician reports on the viral, bacterial, and fungal pathogens likely to cause nosocomial infections such as pneumonia, urinary tract infection, colitis, and candidiasis. Includes medical care and prevention tips. http://www.emedicine.com/ped/topic1619.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties CME PDA ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Patient Education Advanced Search Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Pediatrics Infectious Diseases Hospital-Acquired Infections Last Updated: July 29, 2002 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: nosocomial infection, vancomycin-resistant enterococcus, VRE, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, Pseudomonas, candidiasis, Legionella, respiratory syncytial virus, thrush, Clostridium difficile AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 9 Author Information Introduction Clinical Differentials ... Bibliography Author: Quoc V Nguyen, MD , Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York at Syracuse Quoc V Nguyen, MD, is a member of the following medical societies: American Association of Immunologists Editor(s): David Jaimovich, MD , Section Chief, Division of Critical Care, Hope Children's Hospital, Assistant Professor Pediatrics, Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago; Robert Konop, PharmD

19. Pneumonia pneumonia is an infection in the lungs that kids sometimes get. Keep readingto learn about pneumonia, what causes it, and more. What Is pneumonia? http://kidshealth.org/kid/health_problems/infection/pneumonia.html

KidsHealth Kids Kids' Health Problems Infections You're out in the rain, jumping around in puddles - and somebody yells, "Get inside before you catch pneumonia!" Or maybe your grandmother has said, "Get out of your wet clothes - you don't want to get pneumonia!" But what is pneumonia? And can you really catch it from splashing in a rain puddle or hanging out in a soaking-wet sweatshirt? Keep reading to learn about pneumonia, what causes it, and more. What Is Pneumonia? Pneumonia (say: new- mo -nya) is an infection of one or both lungs . To know what that means, you have to know something about lungs and what they do. When you breathe in, air rich with oxygen is pulled into your lungs. Healthy, normal lungs allow the oxygen you breathe in to pass through the air chambers of the lung called alveoli (say: al- vee -oh-lie) and into the blood. The oxygen then travels in the red blood cells to all parts of the body. When you have pneumonia, fluid blocks the alveoli in your lungs. This makes it harder for oxygen to enter the lungs and pass through to the blood Pneumonia can happen to people at any age, from tiny babies to older people. Most people with pneumonia will feel sick. They usually have faster breathing than usual - or difficulty breathing - and may also have chest pain and

20. American Lung Association -- Diseases A To Z Information on lung cancer, tuberculosis, emphysema and A1AD related emphysema, pneumonia, sarcoidosis, HIV/AIDS and lung disease, and influenza. http://www.lungusa.org/diseases/

Home Diseases A to Z Search Site Local Search Enter Your ZIP A B C D ... T Lung disease is the number three killer in America, responsible for one in seven deaths. Lung disease and other breathing problems are the number one killer of babies younger than one year old. Today, more than 30 million Americans are living with chronic lung disease such as asthma, emphysema and chronic bronchitis. This section includes information on lung cancer, tuberculosis, emphysema and A1AD related emphysema, pneumonia, sarcoidosis, HIV/AIDS and lung disease, and influenza. View research projects funded by the American Lung Association on 'Lung Cancer' for 2002-2003. Give us your feedback on the content in this index! A Alpha-1 Related Emphysema Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Fact Sheet African Americans and Lung Disease Fact Sheet African Americans and Tobacco Fact Sheet ... AIDS Related Lung Disease, Minority Lung Disease Data 2000 Allergies American Indians/Native Alaskans and Lung Disease Fact Sheet American Indians/Native Alaskans and Tobacco Fact Sheet Statement on Anthrax and How it Relates to Lung Disease ... Asthma, Minority Lung Disease Data 2000 B Bronchitis, Chronic

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