21. Benin 2000 est) Ethnic groups 99 indigenous african, distributed established in the southby fon peoples, who defeated in federation of French West africa as Dahomey http://www.tiscali.co.uk/reference/encyclopaedia/countryfacts/benin.html

HOME Internet Access Broadband Easter ... Travel Search the Web: serveAd("REFERENCE.HOME") REFERENCE ENCYCLOPAEDIA Hutchinson's Encyclopaedia Country Facts On This Day ... Wildlife TOOLS Car Insurance Cheap Flights Downloads Email By Phone ... What's On TISCALI About Us Business Services Investor Relations Contact Us Find a country's flag, map or national anthem here. Click on a letter to find the country: A B C D ... Z Or search for a country: HUTCHINSON COUNTRY FACTS Benin General Information Government Economy and resources Population and society ... Chronology GENERAL INFORMATION National name Rpublique du Bnin/Republic of Benin Area 112,622 sq km/43,483 sq mi Capital Porto-Novo (official), Cotonou (de facto) Major towns/cities Abomey, Natitingou, Parakou, Kandi, Ouidah, Djougou, Bohicou, Cotonou Major ports Cotonou Physical features flat to undulating terrain hot and humid in south semiarid in north coastal lagoons with fishing villages on stilts Niger River in northeast back to top GOVERNMENT Head of state Mathieu Kerekou from 1996 Head of government vacant from 1998 Political system emergent democracy Political executive limited presidency Administrative divisions twelve departments Political parties Union for the Triumph of Democratic Renewal (UTDR) National Party for Democracy and Development (PNDD) Party for Democratic Renewal (PRD) Social Democratic Party (PSD) National Union for Solidarity and Progress (UNSP) National Democratic Rally (RND). The general orientation of most parties is left of centre

22. The Material Culture Of Twins In West Africa. area is also reported to have an indigenous written language be buried in the samefashion as a fon (a king along the coast, they are a Bantu speaking peoples. http://www.sfu.ca/archaeology/museum/ndi/mystudy.html

My Study. The Material Culture of Twins in West Africa. Introduction. Background on Twins. Twins in West Africa. Bangolan People. ... Conclusion. Introduction: Ethnoarchaeology is the study of living societies in order to better understand the past. If we can learn the cultural dynamics of an existing culture, we may have more tools to interpret what we find in the archaeological record. Ethnoarchaeology often focuses particularly on the behaviour patterns responsible for creating physical objects and their spatial distribution. Material culture a reflection of our culture through the material goods we leave behind. For example if you look inside your house and imagine everything that would survive in the ground for a thousand years you soon realize that only non-organic, hard things would make it. Think again what this would tell people about how you live your everyday life, how you think, how you act, how you dress etc. It wouldn't tell them a lot, would it? You can now see one of the hardest parts of archaeology...using the leftovers to understand the complete culture! This study, using the ethnoarchaeological approach, is useful for helping archaeologists in West Africa to understand what they find in an excavation. The reason I chose to do this particular study is personal. My husband is from Cameroon and we were lucky enough to have identical twin boys.

23. Benin Religions indigenous 70%, Christian 15%, Islam 15%. kingdom of the Dahomey, or fon,peoples was established most densely populated regions in africa, Benin was http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0107337.html

Celebs, Models ,Movie Stars... Magazines From Around the World! Ladies..Never pay retail again! Facial care packs and Cosmetics at lowest prices ! All Infoplease All Almanacs General Entertainment Sports Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Infoplease Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... Fact Monster Kids' reference Info:Daily Fun facts Homework Center Newsletter You've got info! Help Site Map Visit related sites from: Family Education Network World Countries Benin Infoplease Atlas: Benin Republic of Benin National name: Republique du Benin President: Area: 43,483 sq mi (112,620 sq km) Population (2003 est.): 7,041,490 (growth rate: 3.0%); birth rate: 43.1/1000; infant mortality rate: 86.8/1000; density per sq mi: 162 Capital and largest city (1996): Porto-Novo (official), 177,660; Cotonou (de facto capital) 33,212 Other large city (1992): Djougou, 132,192 Monetary unit: CFA Franc Languages: French (official), African languages Ethnicity/race: African 99% (42 ethnic groups, most important being Fon, Adja, Yoruba, Bariba), Europeans 5,500 Religions: indigenous 70%, Christian 15%, Islam 15%

24. Africa. Summary Surveys the history of Ethiopia through its peoples and customs of Namibiaby occupying countries while the indigenous people are Credits fon, ? http://www.ku.edu/~afs/resources/video.html

1440 Jayhawk Blvd, 9 BaileyHall Lawrence, KS 66045-7574 afs@ku.edu Dr. Peter Ukpokodu, Chair T faculty free of charge. If student groups, individual students and/or non faculty members are interested in checking films and videos, special permission is required from the Chair. Compiled by Kenneth P. Lohrentz Bibliographer for African Studies E-mail: klohrent@ukanvm.cc.ku.edu The videos listed below are located in Ermal Garinger Language Lab (4068 Wescoe Hall)   Africa. Publisher: United States: Home Vision, 1984. Credits: Written and presented by Basil Davidson. Description: 8 programs (57 min. each) on 4 videocassettes. Color on 1/2 in. VHS. English. Summary: Basil Davidson examines the art, history, politics, technology and cultures of various nations on the African continent. Location: Copy 1: African and African-American Studies; Copy 2: Ermal Garinger Language Lab.  Africa Before the Europeans, 100-1500. Publisher: Falls Church, VA: Landmark Films, 1985. Credits: Producer, Nicholas Barton; Network Television/Goldcrest Television. Description: 1 videocassette (26 min.) Color, 1/2 in. VHS.

25. CBNRM Net: WWW Log, Year 2001 www.fao.org/FORESTRY/fon/fonP/cfu Bioscience Conserving wildlife in africa Integratedconservation local organization among the indigenous peoples living in http://www.cbnrm.net/library/logs/www_log2001.html

CBNRM Net The Community-Based Natural Resource Management Network Home Site map Page index Download ... WWW WWW log, year 2000 WWW log, Year 2001 Introduction This Item contains a list of new CBNRM-related websites and web-pages on the World Wide Web in 2001. Content ADVERTISER.BW. Description Keywords : commercial, portal, Botswana. URL www.advertiser.bw/botslinks.htm KPF Home. Description : Sister Organization News. Contacts. Urgent Nee. d. s. Projects. The Kalahari Peoples Fund (KPF) is a non-profit organization formed for the benefit... Keywords : Kalahari, Botswana, Namibia, Southern Africa. URL kalaharipeoples.org/kpfmain.htm News. Description : News from IUCN Botswana. Check this page periodically for updates from IUCN Botswana... Nkate puts Okavango Delta in the spotlight at the first major... Keywords : conferences, workshops, Botswana. URL www.iucnbot.bw/pages_sub_dir/News.html 2000 Rockefeller Brothers Fund Grants: Sustainable Resource Use. Description Keywords : grants, Russia. URL www.culpeper.org/sustaingrant00.html 2000 Rockefeller Brothers Fund Grants: Sustainable Resource Use. Description Keywords : grants, Russia.

26. Art And Society In West Africa from the delightful primitiveness of the fon of ancient these world religions, thepractice of indigenous rites has Not all peoples in West africa seem to have http://carbon.cudenver.edu/~emendons/art.html

Chapter Six Art in West Africa This chapter looks at art as it was created in the context of community life, an artistic form linked closely with spirituality. It also analyzes art subsidized by royals and describes how that art reflects a certain political economy. Art forms changed as states developed in West Africa, but it also changed with the arrival of Europeans. These changes are discussed as well as how African art has influenced European artists. West Africa stands high in art production. Such European artists as Vlaminck, Braque, Derain, Picasso and Modigliani (see Photo 6.1) were influenced by African art forms, as anyone familiar with their works can see. Since human beings make non-utilitarian things and perform music and dances that do not seem to produce an economic payoff, we might ask why. In West Africa, we cannot begin to answer this question without a knowledge of the social and religious context in which art was created, performed and displayed. West African artwork is usually a symbolic statement of social significance. It is often associated with secret societies. Many of their masks were used to instruct initiates and relate to various social responsibilities, such as fighting fires and making peace. http://witcombe.sbc.edu/ARTHafrica.html

27. Africa Studies Videos In The Harvard Libraries the triple heritage of africaits indigenous, Western, and In French, fon and Yorubawith English subtitles It conveys peoples exuberance for their hard-fought http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~cafrica/videos.shtml

Return to Index Widener Library Videos Tozzer Library Videos Music Library Videos Hilles Undergraduate Library Videos African Studies Videos in Widener Library Widener's African videos are now in the Harvard Depository and should be requested at least several days in advance. This can be done in person at the Widener Circulation Desk or from a Harvard computer using "Hollis." XWV 441 A Bamako, les femmes sont belles. By Christiane Succab-Goldman. 1995, 65 min. Various women from Bamako, Mali discuss their memories of the past and their lives in the present as they try to balance the demands of tradition and development. BNZ9597 XWV 274 Adama - The Fulani Magician . By Taale Laafi Rosellini with Moustapha Thiombiano and Lamine Keita. Music by Oger Kabore. (22min.) Adama Hamidou is a deaf West African dancer, comedian, street performer and practitioner of the ancient Yan-Taori magic tradition in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Draws an intimate portrait of the man and his culture through both performance sequences and interviews in which Adama tells his own story in West African sign language. XWV 307 Africa Dreaming: South Africa, Namibia, Senegal, Mozambique, Tunisia, 1997. 104 min. A compilation of four 26 minute short narrative films by directors from four countries. Each is set in contemporary societies and deals with the difficulties and mysteries of relationships and their societal dimensions. BLE1699

28. France In Morocco Bibliography Study of the indigenous peoples brought into the French Empire military response tothe colonial occupation of West africa. the first of the major fon wars with http://www.warflag.com/shadow/biblio/biblio.htm

Bibliography All these books are recommended, but those marked are considered particularly suitable for the casual wargamer interested in this period. NOVELS AFRICAN COLONIALISM GENERAL FRENCH COLONIALISM North Africa FRENCH COLONIALISM Sub Saharan ARMIES SOLDIERS UNIFORMS AFRICAN PERSPECTIVE BEAU GESTE BATTLES IN AFRICA THE CONQUEST OF MOROCCO THE CONQUEST OF THE WESTERN SUDAN ... LEGION OF THE DAMNED (True Story) WARS OF IMPERIAL CONQUEST IN AFRICA RESISTANCE IN THE DESERT THE SEGU TUKULOR EMPIRE SMALL WARS ... WEST AFRICAN RESISTANCE Beau Geste (Novel) P.C. Wren I will assume that if you got this far on the site, you are interested enough in the subject that this book needs little introduction. Three brothers join the Legion, each to avert suspicion on the other two as to who stole the Blue Water: A massive sapphire. As the mystery thickens their adventure takes them to the Nigerian Frontier and back: Wild adventure in the French Foreign Legion. A first addition copy with dust jacket, such as this one (with illustrated scenes from the Paramount 1926 movie) will cost $100 or more. Decent reading copies can be picked up for $10. Check out Bibliofind.

29. English Friends of Nature http//www.fon.org.cn html Guinean Forests of West africa http//www http//www.biodiversity.org/indigenous peoples Biodiversity Information http://www.chinabiodiversity.com/shwdyx/web-cn-en/web-en.htm

Nationally Related Biodiversity Website: Conserving China's biodiversity: http://www.chinabiodiversity.com Friends of Nature: http://www.fon.org.cn/ Green Time: http://www.cinic.org.cn/green/ China Environment and Development Information: http://www.enviroinfo.org.cn/ Oriental Environment: http://www.ee65.com.cn/pub/gb/2001/06/11/dfhj/home.htm Bibliography on Sustainable Development: http://www.sdinfo.net.cn/wenxian/content/baohuq.htm Green Web: http://www.green-web.org/aboutus.htm Pulse Web -Nature And Human Beings: http://www.maibo.com.cn/hubdoors/0011/list1_0011.asp?ID=00110007 Human Loneliness: http://www.oyo.com.cn/topics/culture/animal/ Knowing Wild Animals: http://www.tesri.gov.tw/knowthem/ China Animals and Plants Protection: http://www.ipmchina.cn.net/ipm/ipm_c.html China Environmental Protection International: http://www.65.com.cn/ China Environmental Protection: http://www.chinaenvironment.com/ China Environmental Protection: http://www.zhb.gov.cn/index6.htm

30. Report On The Implementation Of The Plan Of with those groups (women, indigenous peoples, children, migrants RIGHTS, AS OF DECEMBER1998 africa Adja Afrikaans English Ewe/Eve Fante fon French (Français http://www.unhchr.ch/huridocda/huridoca.nsf/(Symbol)/E.CN.4.1999.87.En?OpenDocum

31. EnviroOne - Environmental Search Results fon Federation of Ontario Naturalists www.ontarionature.org/. PARK - Maputaland,South africa www.tembe boreal region,ecoforestry,indigenous peoples rights www http://www.enviroone.com/searchresults.php?searchtext=Ecosystems

32. Adherents.com ethnic groups, most important being fon, Adja, Yoruba and modern economic developments,africa's indigenous religions have But many peoples, such as the Yoruba http://www.adherents.com/Na_651.html

Adherents.com 42,669 adherent statistic citations : membership and geography data for 4,000+ religions, churches, tribes, etc. Index back to Yavapai, world Yavapai, continued... Group Where Number of Adherents % of total pop. Number of congreg./ churches/ units Number of countries Year Source Quote/ Notes Yellowknife North America Legay, Gilbert. Atlas of Indians of North America . Hauppauge, NY: Barron's (1995); pg. 87. "Yellowknife... They inhabited the north and east banks of the Great Slave Lake... They numbered around 200 during the nineteenth century. " Yeshiva University Synagogue Council USA Welles, Sam. The World's Great Religions , New York: Time Incorporated (1957); pg. 148. "The leading Orthodox groups (Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America, National Council of Young Israel, Yeshiva University Synagogue Council) insist that their nearly two million members in some 2,000 congregations... " Yezidi Armenia Chaliand, Gerard (ed). A People Without a Country: The Kurds and Kurdistan . New York: Olive Branch Press (1993 - revised first American edition); pg. 202-203. "According to the 1970 General Census, there were 37,486 people in the Kurdish colony in Armenia. One-third lived in Erivan, and the rest in the twenty-two villages in the Alaguez and Talinn 'Kurdish district'...; there were also a few mixed villages, usually Kurdish and Azerbaijani, less often Kurdish and Armenian... The Kurds of Georgia and Armenia are mainly Yezidis. "

33. WOMEN IN AFRICA Among the Igbo, fon, and Lovedu cultures, women significant subordination of womento indigenous social structures in the cultures of many peoples of Nigeria http://www.westafricareview.com/war/vol2.1/ufomata.html

West Africa Review (2000) ISSN: 1525-4488 WOMEN IN AFRICA: THEIR SOCIO-POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC ROLES Titi Ufomata INTRODUCTION Nigeria is twice the size of California, roughly the size of Texas, with over 103 million people. More than 250 languages are spoken in the country including English. Multilingualism is a way of life for many Nigerians especially those who live in urban areas. The major religions are Christianity, Islam and traditional indigenous religions. Nigeria has the second largest economy (second to South Africa) on the continent. It is easy to see that within such a country there are bound to be different groups and classes of women. Obviously, their reality would differ from one another depending on their peculiar situation. For this reason, I will narrow my focus even further as the discussion progresses, to market women in Nigeria. WOMEN IN AFRICA: THEIR SOCIO-POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC ROLES While all women around the world share many social disabilities, one must not lose sight of the fact that strong differences exist between them. This is where problems arise when any group of women purport to speak for and on behalf of others simply because they are all women. Whereas there are marked differences from location to location, western feminist theory has historically privileged gender over issues of race and economic location, both of which are of paramount importance in any discussion on women in Africa. It is fair to add however, that in recent years a more nuanced analysis of the `spectrum of differences' has emerged in the literature, thus making it a little more compatible with the experiences of African women and women from other locations.

34. LTC Library Acquisitions - Oct-Dec 1999 - Articles, Africa And The Middle East au Sahara. (Special issue of Nomadic peoples, 21 Mary Ann, Bianca Ambrose Oji,and Charles fon Tekwe and the discontinuity of small indigenous enterprises in http://www.wisc.edu/ltc/afar9904.html

RECENT LIBRARY ACQUISITIONS OCTOBER, NOVEMBER, DECEMBER 1999 ARTICLES - AFRICA AND THE MIDDLE EAST Region Bisson, P., and P. Dugue. "Contribution de la recherche agricole au developpement regional : le cas des zones de savanes d'Afrique centrale." (In: Les cahiers de la recherche developpement, 45, 1999, p. 85-105) Steenbock Library Periodical "CPR forum : history, resource access, and community-based management in southern and eastern Africa." (Special section of: The common property resource digest, 50, 1999, p. 1-9) Steenbock Library Documents Collection: RBM6 AC3 C737 v.50 Maxwell, D. "The political economy of urban food security in Sub-Saharan Africa." (In: World development, 27:11, 1999, p. 1939-1954) Memorial Library: AP W926 D511 Murombedzi, James. "Land expropriation, communal tenure and common property resource management in southern Africa." (In: The common property resource digest, 50, 1999, p. 1-3) Steenbock Library Documents Collection: RBM6 AC3 C737 v.50 "Savoirs et pouvoirs au Sahara." (Special issue of:

35. UCTP Excerpt: Maroons: Rebel Slaves In The Americas By Richard Price called Maroons, mingled in mountain hideaways with indigenous Taino people Both peopleshad much in common The fon and Kongo kingdoms of West and Central africa http://www.uctp.org/Maroons.html

- The Editor, http://www.uctp.org/lavoz.htm The following excerpt was part of an article, which was originally published in the 1992 Festival of American Folklife catalogue; reprinted with permission from the Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage of the Smithsonian Institution. (http://www.si.edu/maroon/educational_guide/23.htm) " Maroons: Rebel Slaves in the Americas" by Richard Price The man who was to become the first African-American maroon arrived within a decade of Columbus' landfall on the very first slave ship to reach the Americas. One of the last maroons to escape from slavery was still alive in Cuba only 15 years ago. The English word "maroon" derives from Spanish itself based on an Arawakan (Taino) Indian root originally referred to domestic cattle that had taken to the hills in Hispaniola, and soon after it was applied to American Indian slaves who had escaped from the Spaniards as well. By the end of the 1530s, the word had taken on strong connotations of being "fierce," "wild" and "unbroken," and was used primarily to refer to African-American runaways. The following excerpt was taken from the Exhibition "The Sacred Art of Vodou" hosted at the American Museum of Natural History from October 1998 until January 1999.

36. La Culture Camerounaise a large traditional fondom where the fon is himself Firstly, we have the indigenous cultural background. Leo Frobenus (of Traditional peoples and Societies http://www.spm.gov.cm/cameroun/culture/cam_culture_a.htm

Cultural Cameroon Dance Fables Dishes Music ... Art THE CAMEROON CULTURE The microcosm of Africa's culture Cameroon has rightly been described as the "microcosm" of Africa. On its territory are found cohabiting, mingling and intermingling all the major cultures and traditions of sub-Saharan Africa, namely: the Bantu cultures of the forest, highland and great lakes regions, not leaving out those of southern Africa etc, the Sudano-Sahelian cultures of the grassfield savannas, the Adamawa plateaux, the sandy plains and hot regions of the Sahel as well as all the intermediate varieties or "shades" such as the nomadic and pygmy cultures. A quick overview of Cameroon's cultural landscape sprawling from the Atlantic coast to Lake Chad makes it possible to distinguish and better highlight a number of major cultural spheres, each with its own original and specific features. These include the coastal region, the Bantu forest region, the grassfields and the northern region. The coastal or sawa culture Cameroon's coast stretches over close to 400km from Rio del Rey on the western border with Nigeria to Campo near the border with Gabon and Equatorial Guinea and is inhabited by such peoples as the Dualas, Bakweris, Bakokos and Batangas all of whom belong to the coastal Sawa Culture.

37. Home East african Community. africa. East Indian Communities in the Caribbean Eastern Cape. africa. Ebira. africa. Ebola. africa. Ebony. United States http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/migrations/four2.html

4.2 The Nature of the Diaspora Interlopers and buccaneers could make huge profits by buying and selling slaves outside officially-sanctioned channels. Although we may never know exactly how many Africans were forced to undertake the journey to the New World, the fact is that over a period of over four centuries, millions of people were taken from their country and culture and forced to endure often unspeakable brutalities as creatures somehow less than human. It is important to note that the slave ships of any particular country would not only supply slaves to their own colonies but would take advantage of demand to unload their human cargoes to whoever was willing to pay for them. Still more confusing is the fact that ships could fly another country's flag in order to gain access to otherwise closed markets. Major Influences on Migration: European Context "Gold is most excellent. Gold is treasure, and he who possesses it does all he wishes to in this world, and succeeds in helping souls into paradise."

38. NON-WOOD NEWS 8 stm; www.fao.org/waicent/faoinfo/forestry/fon/fonp/cfu IUCN Regional Office for CentralAfrica, BP 5506 What lessons can indigenous peoples teach the rest of us http://www.fao.org/DOCREP/003/Y0353E/y0353e08.htm

International symposium on sustainable development in semi-arid regions - WORLD SEMI-ARID 2000 9th meeting of the forests, trees and people programme (FTTP) Biology, silviculture and management of non-timber forest products Workshop on developing needs-based inventory methods for non-timber forest products: application and development of current research to identify practical solutions for developing countries ... International neem network workshop on data analysis International symposium on sustainable development in semi-arid regions - WORLD SEMI-ARID 2000 João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil 9-22 March 2000 For more information, please contact: Prof. Dorival C. Bruni, President, Brazilian Society for the Environment (BIOSFERA), PO Box 2432, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 20001-970, Brazil. Fax: +55 21 2217626; e-mail: biosfera@biosfera.com.br; www.biosfera.com.br 9th meeting of the forests, trees and people programme (FTTP) Nepal 21-25 March 2000 NTFP issues is an important topic of collaboration in FTPP Asia. Issues covered include: domestication of NTFPs, unsustainable harvesting, in situ conservation of some species; NTFP policy/management plan development; income source - maintain livelihoods; and marketing. A report of the working group discussion is available. For more information, please contact:

39. Ewe Slaves & Voodoo: America's Hidden Heritage are the major group 1 (the fon, Mina, Adja ethnically, culturally,and ancestrallydistinct and indigenous to their The EweSpeaking peoples of The Slave Coast http://www.mamiwata.com/ewe.html

//Jump To Top Link Script // // EWE SLAVES AND "VOODOO" IN AMERICA Uncovering America's Hidden Heritage By Mamaissii Vivian Odelelasi Dansi Hounon, M.Ed. "Paw" Maternal great-great grandfather of Mamaissii Vivian (author) "Paw use to take us across this small bridge that he'd built. For years, we'd track on across that bridge, and never thought nothing of it. It was not until later that we realized that it wasn't no bridge at all; but a great-big-ole-serpent! You see, in those days, before the White man started clubbing and shooting them to death, they [the serpents] use to grow that big!" -[Mamaissii Vivian's] Family-lore about "Paw" passed down from great-grandmother. -Paris,Louisiana EWE [ ev-way ] SLAVES IN AMERICA: An Anecdotal Journey Papaws or Popos [The] "Papaws or Popos were the largest group of Africans exported and enslaved [in America] in the early eighteenth century. They were speakers of Ewe and in this language there is a word dzon'ku ' a sorcerer's name for himself and the world -nu meaning man. Put together the words mean

40. Hoodoo: An Ancient African & Afro-diaspora Tradition A New World name of an Ancient african Magical Tradition.Category Society Religion and Spirituality...... The EweSpeaking peoples of The Slave Coast of as practiced by the powerful Ewe/FonGbo/Gbokonans an extensive and impressive body of herbs indigenous to africa http://www.mamiwata.com/hoodoo.html

AfriPromote Banner Exchange HOODOO A New World Name of an Ancient African Magical Tradition By Mamaissii Vivian Odelelasi Dansi Hounon , M.Ed About.com Interview on Voodoo Interview: The African Origins of Hoodoo 2002 Initiation Location schedule Translate this page from English to Spanish English to French English to German English to Italian English to Portuguese Spanish to English French to English German to English Italian to English Portuguese to English powered by Systran What is Hoodoo? Ancient African Origins "Hoodoo" and "Rootwork" in New World Afro-Traditions Harry Middleton Hyatt's Momumental Afro-Folkloric Collection ... Essay: The Religion of The Slaves The word "Hoodoo" is a term commonly used by the African diaspora, to refer to various forms of African-based systems of magic, spiritual and medicinal healing, and "hexing," via the use of primarily roots and herbs. It originally was one of several perjorative lables used by whites to refer to all African Traditional Religions originating out of Africa; particularly the ancient ancestral Vodoun traditions of the West Coastal Africans. It eventually came into popular usage in America to refer to a specific system of ethnobotanical "root" magic and foklore practiced laregly by the African, Native American and Latino diaspora. The Ancient African Origins of "Hoodoo" is actually derived from a complete, highly developed, and very powerful system of magico-herbal knowledge and spiritual mastery, intimately connected with the Spirits (Vodou), and carved images used to represent them, and the human

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