41. African Art. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001 this article is limited to the works of the peoples of W of the people’s sedentarylifestyles) in indigenous art. The art of the chokwe of S Congo and Angola http://www.bartleby.com/65/af/Africana.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Columbia Encyclopedia PREVIOUS NEXT ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. African art art created by the peoples south of the Sahara.

42. ASIAN & TRIBAL ART LOS ANGELES (ATALA) - EVENTS PAGE Islands and Ancestors, indigenous Styles of The Nagas, Hill peoples of NortheastIndia . Polynesia, New Guinea, Congo, Kuba, Zaire, Fang, chokwe, Ivory Coast http://www.ata-la.com/references.htm

ATALA - REFERENCES REFERENCE LIST Important Publications Note: This is not a complete list, but a guideline for basic research and information on the primary cultures of Asia, Africa, the Americas and Oceania. This list will be added to frequently and any suggestions of important or newly released publications not mentioned would be greatly appreciated. Following this list are several resources for finding most if not all of these publications. China, Japan, and East Asia "Shang Ritual Bronzes, in the Arthur M. Sackler Collections". Robert W. Bagley, 1987. "Western Zhou Ritual Bronzes, from the Arthur M. Sackler Collections". Jessica Rawson, 1990. "Eastern Zhou Ritual Bronzes, from the Arthur M. Sackler Collections". Jenny So, 1995. "Ancient Bronzes of the Eastern Steppes, from the Arthur M. Sackler Collections". Emma C. Bunker, 1997. "Early Wares: Prehistoric to Tenth Century (A Survey of Chinese Ceramics)". Liu Liang-yu, 1991.

43. NSHR the one hand and the majority indigenous African population of the population), Bakongoand chokwe are historically mestiçoes and other urban peoples of Angola http://cjpra.freeservers.com/new_page_18.htm

Free Web site hosting - Freeservers.com PRESS RELEASE NR.01/UNITA/ C.P.C.P/2001 MEMORANDUM ... CARTA ABERTA AOS POVOS DE EXPRESSO PORTUGUESA May 22, 2001 PRESS RELEASE Comprehensive Human Rights Report During the last two weeks, NSHR received the following allegations of human rights abuses, some of them of grave nature. 1. FAA Soldiers Sell Stolen Cattle Human rights monitors in the Ohangwena Region last week reported that on May 11, 2001, three (3) Namibians were arrested and detained after buying cattle from Angolan FAA soldiers at Ohehonge village, 57 km northeast of Eenhana, in the said Region. They are: Elia NDEULITA (45) a resident of Ohameva village, some 75 km east of Eenhana, Paulus HAMWAANYENA, (age unknown), a resident of Omahalumeya village, 76 km east of Eenhana and Johannes HAIDUWA (30) a resident of Oukala village, 16 km east of Eenhana. After purchasing the cattle, the trio were allegedly issued with permits by FAA soldiers and they also obtained another permit issued by a certain Abner, said to be Headman of Onakalunga village, 10 km east of Eenhana. Ndeulita informed human rights monitors that he spent N$3 000 on three heads of cattle. Altogether, they bought seven (7) cattle in total. This happened between May 9 and 10, 2001. While herding their cattle to their home villages they were approached by a stranger who introduced himself as coming from Okeendediva village, some 17km northeast of the border from Eenhana. This unidentified stranger claimed that four (4) of the cattle in question were his own. The trio, however, explained that they bought the cattle from FAA soldiers.

44. Edlinks More Links http//info.lanic.utexas.edu/la/region/indigenous/. Lwena/Luvale, Lundaand Related peoples of Angola Great Explanation of masks http//chokwe.com/mask http://www.forks.wednet.edu/middle/mslibweb/edlinks.htm

45. AXIS GALLERY / ARCHIVE / MARAVI During the mid1800s, the Maravi peoples were invaded by it combated both slaveryand indigenous tradition the masks of the Makonde and chokwe peoples, and with http://www.axisgallery.com/exhibitions/maravi/

Saints, Spirits, and Strangers: Masks from Malawi. November 2 - December 1, 2001 The Maravi peoples, who comprise three main mask-producing groups (Chewa, Nyanja, and Manganja), have been settled in the region of Malawi since at least 1550. Masks were made by the mens' secret society, called Nyau, to which all men belonged. Nyau is thought to have existed for several centuries among the Chewa, the senior branch of the Maravi, before spreading to the southernmost Maravi, the Mang'anja, after 1875. The majority of the masks on exhibition were collected in the Chewa heartland between the 1950s and early 1980s, but made considerably earlier. During the mid-1800s, the Maravi peoples were invaded by the warlike Ngoni, who fled Shaka's Zulu Kingdom in South Africa, and by Muslim slave traders, who decimated and depopulated the region. In the 1860s David Livingston estimated that 19,000 slaves from Malawi were exported from Zanzibar each year, and it is estimated that a far larger number of captives died annually in the caravans bound for the coast. The missionaries who followed in Livingstone's footsteps established a strong foothold in Malawi. Christianity was a mixed blessing, because it combated both slavery and indigenous tradition. As Christianity made inroads, particularly in the 20th century, men refused to join Nyau, and compulsory membership could no longer be enforced. Among Maravi, men governed the spiritual realm of death and the ancestors through Nyau, while women controlled life and regeneration. The Nyau Society performed both wooden and ephemeral masks during initiations, funerals, and at certain other important events. Nyau performances allowed the worlds of the living and the dead to interact during several days of festivities. Rules governed when each mask appeared, and the movements and songs it performed. All of these rules and the making and storage of the masks were strictly secret.

46. Congo (Zaire) Major peoples Azande, chokwe, Songo, Kongo, Kuba, Lunda Languages Lingala, Azande,chokwe, Kongo, Luba. chiefdoms, from settled indigenous village communities http://www.zyama.com/Iowa/Countres/Congo (Zaire).htm

Congo (Zaire) Information General Information for Congo (Zaire) Country: Congo (Zaire) Location: Central Africa Independence: June 30, 1960 Nationality: Congolese Capital City: Kinshasa Population: Important Cities: Kisingani, Lubumbashi, Kolwesi Head of State: Lawrence Kabila Area: 2,300,000 sq.km. Type of Government: Republic Currency: 3 millions Z=1 USD Major peoples: Azande, Chokwe, Songo, Kongo, Kuba, Lunda, Bembe Religion: Christian 70%, African religion 20%, Muslim 10% Climate: Equatorial Literacy: Official Language: French Principal Languages: Lingala, Azande, Chokwe, Kongo, Luba Major Exports: Copper, Cobalt, Zinc, Diamonds, Manganese, Gold, Bauxite Pre-Colonial History Post-Colonial History Back to the Museum

47. The Black World Today Angola or Kongo (15 percent); Lundachokwe (8 percent educational reforms, including instructionin indigenous languages and a the migration routes of peoples from the http://www.tbwt.com/profiles/angola.htm

48. Second Part Of Mukanda under the impact of the Barotse indigenous administration and the visa-vis the Luvale,chokwe and Luchazi. on Iron-working Bantu-speaking peoples of Southern http://ethnicity.bravepages.com/second.htm

cookie_name="pop1"; cook_value="1!!1049433453"; cook_expires="Fri, 04 Apr 2003 05:17:43 GMT"; document.cookie=cookie_name+"="+cook_value+";expires="+cook_expires+";"; Free Lake Scene Screen Saver by Wim van Binsbergen Mukanda, Part II homepage Mukanda overview page Mukanda Part I 7. Contested patrilineal succession around 1900: The Mukanda element In the case of the shift towards patrilineal succession, we are fortunate that the oral-historical data provide us with the details that allow us to perceive the specific, concrete political strategies through which such major changes in the socio-political structure tend to realize themselves. From the account in Likota lya Bankoya , Shamamano emerges as a great warrior and resourceful adventurer, and also as a usurper, who only under the protection of Lewanika managed to revive the Kahare name to which he was related not as a sister’s son, but only as a daughter’s son, i.e. outside the ordinary line of dynastic succession. A century of chief’s rule by members of Shamamano’s patri-segment, in a general context of the Lozi indigenous administration and the colonial and post-colonial state favouring patrilineal succession, has created such an image of self-evident legitimacy for the current Kahare line that oral traditions dwelling on the irregularity of Shamamano’s accession are completely suppressed at the Kahare court today. However, there is in Kahare’s area and among urban migrants hailing from there a noticeable undercurrent of traditions in which this legitimacy is challenged, and rival claims to the Kahare kingship are entertained.

49. A F R I B E A T of a new accompainment to an indigenous form of into southern Tanzania includingthe chokwe, Lunda, Bemba and Tumbuka; these are also all heptatonic peoples. http://www.afribeat.com/archiveafrica_hughtracey_newrelease1.html

World Online homepage News Sport Money High Tech Travel Leisure Music Entertainment Motoring Archive Africa Hugh Tracey historic recordings Cape Jazz 1959 - 1963 The preservation of grace - the Buena Vista Social Club From the foot of the Shrine of Fela Kuti ... Ubuyile - Jazz coming home radio documentaries Past, present and future are inextricably linked. And the music of Africa reflects this in its experiences and realities. There are some exciting archives that capture this, private collections that represent it and slowly fading oral histories that tell of all the pains, tragedies and triumphs. ArchiveAfrica is a portal for all of this, to network throughout the world in the interests of bringing all this material to one resource that can document, distribute and facilitate research. swp-records forest music congo 1952 origins of guitar music, southern congo and northern zambia tswana and sotho voices ... sound samples Historical recordings by Hugh Tracey Origins of Guitar Music sound samples accompany details of the tracks below. Read about the piece of music and listen to it) In the new urban culture during the fifties in the copper mining towns of Katanga province in southern Congo and on the Copperbelt in northern Zambia, the guitar became an important status symbol. The Katanga guitar style came from the rich likembe tradition of the Luba peoples, whereas on the Zambian Copperbelt the guitar songs are very diverse - being either traditionally based or heavily influenced by the mainly American music, popular in the fifties, played by the radio station specifically set up for African broadcasts. An exciting document, with some famous names such as Mwenda Jean Bosco and George Sibanda, of the emergence of a new sound.

50. Operation World - Detailed Information Mbundu 2,690,000; Kongo(3) 1,866,000; chokwe 664,000; Luvale the Church and evangelizeunreached peoples and areas. and even less in indigenous languages. http://www.gmi.org/ow/country/ango/owtext.html

51. Race And Ethnicity Analysis - BloodBook.com, Blood Information For Life Jewish 82% (Israelborn 50%, Europe/Americas/Oceania-born 20%, africa-born 7 Mozambique,indigenous tribal groups 99.6% (Shangaan, chokwe, Manyika, Sena http://www.bloodbook.com/race-eth.html

RACE and ETHNICITY ANALYSIS BLOODBOOK.COM THIS PAGE PRESENTS PERCENTAGE DETAILS OF INDIVIDUAL ETHNIC COMPOSITION OF DIFFERENT NATIONALITIES SEPARATED BY COUNTRY. TO HOME PAGE CLOSE WINDOW Racial and Ethnic Distribution of Blood Types African American Black Blood Donor Emergency COUNTRY RACIAL and/or ETHNIC ANALYSIS of PEOPLE GROUPS Afghanistan Pashtun 38%, Tajik 25%, Uzbek 6%, Hazara 19%, minor ethnic groups (Chahar Aimaks, Turkmen, Baloch, and others) Albania Albanian 95%, Greeks 3%, other 2%: Vlachs, Gypsies, Serbs, and Bulgarians Algeria Arab-Berber 99%, European less than 1% Andorra Spanish 61%, Andorran 30%, French 6%, other 3% Angola Ovimbundu 37%, Kimbundu 25%, Bakongo 13%, Mestico (mixed European and Native African) 2%, European 1%, other 22% Antigua black, British, Portuguese, Lebanese, Syrian (see Barbuda) Argentina European 97% (mostly of Spanish and Italian descent), 3% other (mostly Indian or Mestizo) Armenia Armenian 93%, Azeri 3%, Russian 2%, other (mostly Yezidi Kurds) 2% (1989) Note: as of the end of 1993, virtually all Azeris had emigrated from Armenia

52. Moz.htm African (99%, including Shangaan, chokwe, Manyika, Sena Religion indigenous beliefs(50%), Christian (30%), Muslim (20 the least reached peoples in Mozambique http://www.om.org/fields/rsa/Moz.htm

OM in Mozambique Joining OM Outreaches Personnel needs in SouthernAfrica ... Flood Relief Mozambique Mozambique recently emerged from the human destruction of a devestating 15 year civil war, however, natural disasters such as drought and floods continue to damage the infrastructure and plunge lives into chaos. Five years ago Mozambique had the dubious distinction of being the poorest nation on earth. The Mozambican people have now manged to shed that label, put the past behind and start to rebuild. Area: 801,600 sq km (309,500 sq mi)( slightly less than twice the size of California) Population: 19,124,335 (July 1999 est.) Capital city: Maputo (pop 1.3 million) People: African (99%, including Shangaan, Chokwe, Manyika, Sena and Makua) Language: Each of the major ethnic groups in Mozambique has its own language. The common tongue and official language is Portuguese. There are 16 major ethnic groups in Mozambique. The most significant are the Makua (the largest group) of the northern provinces; the Makonde (also of the north). Religion: Indigenous beliefs (50%), Christian (30%), Muslim (20%)

53. 952Wolff In this system the indigenous population is extremely disadvantaged in as common tothe Melanesian peoples is the of recycled tins, or a chokwe (Angola) throne http://www.umu.se/nordic.museology/NM/952/Wolff.html

Nordisk Museologi 1995/2:107-122 Missing Paradoxes and the Evidential Nature of Things; Material Objects in a Cross-cultural Perspective Bente Wolff "[The] Father brought salt with him, he poured it on the hands and [the village people] tasted it. He gave them rice, and they thought it was ants' eggs. He gave them soap, and they cooked it. When they took it out [of the pot] it was melting. And he gave them boots, and they thought it was mermaid's legs, so they cooked it. After cooking, they took it out to eat it, but it was really hard [so] they said: "the mermaid's leg is too hard to eat!" This story is about the first white missionaries in the Mekeo village Eboa in lowland Papua New Guinea. I heard it told by the clan chief Opu Ame in 1991. As always when this story was told, it caused great amusement among those listening. It describes how the grandparents of today's villagers had their first inexperienced encounter with the white people's things at the turn of the century. The local description of how the villagers were unable to use the foreign goods for their intended purposes seems familiar. It seems to accord with an idea commonly held among Westerners of a contradiction between western products and people living in what is often called tribal or traditional societies. We shall, however, see later that the story of strangeness and inexperience is certainly not the only way in which the Mekeo describe their relationship to imported products. These and other examples from Mexico, Africa, and Europe are presented in order to shed light on some of the implicit expectations we as Westerners may often have of certain objects.

54. Landru.i-link-2.net/jtrees/text/Nations_of_old-world.txt as generic name for several peoples) Dompago Dyerma assimilated) Mozambique Shangaan chokwe Manyika Sena 15%) see CHINA indigenous (6%) Cambodia http://landru.i-link-2.net/jtrees/text/Nations_of_old-world.txt

Tofin Toli Urhobo //Waama// (Yoabu) Waci Xweda Xwela Yoba Maubere Chinese [see CHINA] India - [Est. population: 1,014,003,817 ]

55. FAMSI - The Kerr Articles - Applying Experimental Archaeology To Ethnomusicology One, the tigrero, is a nonindigenous implement, probably akin to the in central Africasuch as the chokwe and Pende of Zaire, and other peoples of Zaire http://www.famsi.org/research/kerr/articles/friction_drum/

KERR ARTICLE Applying Experimental Archaeology to Ethnomusicology: Recreating an Ancient Maya Friction Drum through Various Lines of Evidence By: John A. Donahue Portion of K5233 Introduction In The Code of Kings (1998), Linda Schele and Peter Mathews examine religious buildings in seven different cities of the Classic and Post-Classic Maya periods. Their analysis includes all aspects of Maya elite life. Musical practices, including dance, were open to discussion. Among one of the book s color plates was one polychrome vase, on which was depicted a dancer and two instrumentalists. The caption for "Figure 11" reads, simply, "Dance with drums, string instrument, and conch trumpet" (Schele & Mathews 1998:Figure 11). This is the vase designated by Justin Kerr as his vase number K5233, MS Number 1720. Added to his database in 1996, the vase is described as showing "A ruler dancing while looking into a mirror. He is accompanied by two musicians who play a stringed instrument and a rasca.

56. Useful Websites Amongst the Gurage; chokwe, Lwena/ Luvale, Lunda The Relationship between IndigenousPastoralist Resource Tenure among the Okavango Delta peoples of Botswana; http://homepages.isunet.net/dafarnham/africa/useful.htm

Useful Websites on Africa Contents African News Sources African Studies General Resources Individual Cultures ... Southern Africa African News Sources Contents Focus On Africa: BBC World Service Africa Daily CNN African News ... Africa-Confidential African Studies Contents General Resources Contents African Studies at the University of Pennsylvania Africa South of the Sahara: Stanford University UCLA Library Collections and Internet Resources in: African Studies ... Wajibu (Journal of African Custom and Tradition) Individual Cultures Contents Okavango Delta Peoples of Botswana Samburu (Kenya) Multimedia Ethnography !Kung San Page (Lawrence University, WI) ... Hadza Bibliography Social Organization Contents Sex, Marriage, and Family Contents Order of the Homestead and its Boundaries: The Duruma (Kenya) Concept of Homestead and Sexuality Niger Student Writing on Marriage, part 1 Niger Student Writing on Marriage, part 2 ... Azande: Childhood and Sexuality Kinship and Descent Contents Descent, Clans and Territorial Organization in the Tikar Chiefdom of Ngambe, Cameroon (David Price

57. Sweden.com Discussion Forum - F*cking Cultural Enrichers Has Done It Again! indigenous tribal groups 99.6% (Shangaan, chokwe, Manyika, Sena have a terror network?africahas real mexican governments use their indigenous peoples as cannon http://www.sweden.com/forums/showthread.php3?threadid=3161&pagenumber=17

58. The New York Review Of Books: Inside Angola and the movement is well represented among the chokwe (or Kioko who have lost theuse of the indigenous languages. a child of the Union of the peoples of the http://www.nybooks.com/articles/6321

@import "/css/default-b.css"; Home Your account Current issue Archives ... NYR Books The New York Review of Books February 17, 1983 Feature Inside Angola By Xan Smiley It was with some trepidation that I flew to the Angolan capital, Luanda, in September. The last time I had visited the country, in early 1976, I had been a journalist traveling with the "wrong" side. I had accompanied UNITA, the movement led by the bearded guerrilla intellectual Dr. Jonas Savimbi, a man usually called "charismatic" by his friends and a "South African puppet" by his enemies, who now rule in Luanda. In those days, the Portuguese ruling power had left with disgracefully indecent haste only a few months before. About 400,000 Portuguese whites had fled in panic (the exact figure is impossible to verify, estimates varying widely). Some of them, in desperate bitterness, smashed all that they left behind, even their washbasins. The huge country was left in an economic and political shambles. None of the three nationalist movements could agree upon which one should take over. In any event, the South Africans, having engaged in little military action of any ferocity, after a quick advance up the coastline eventually decided to leave; the Cubans stayed.

59. Worldsurface.com - Sustainable Tourism For Backpackers And Independent Traveller is made up mostly of Bantuspeaking peoples. Kongo, Luimbe-Nganguela, Nyaneka-Humbe,chokwe, and Luvale. language of Angola, but many indigenous languages and http://www.worldsurface.com/browse/static.asp?staticpageid=23

60. KU - African & African-American Studies 1999, in Fes, Morocco, on PreChristian, Pre-Islamic indigenous Performance Traditions Artand Initiation among the chokwe and related peoples, a lecture http://www.ku.edu/~afs/archives/NewsletterS99.htm

1440 Jayhawk Blvd, 9 BaileyHall Lawrence, KS 66045-7574 afs@ku.edu Dr. Peter Ukpokodu, Chair AFRICANA NEWSLETTER DEPARTMENT OF AFRICAN AND AFRICAN-AMERICAN STUDIES AFRICAN STUDIES RESOURCE CENTER LANGSTON HUGHES RESOURCE CENTER FOR AFRICAN-AMERICAN STUDIES INSTITUTE OF HAITIAN STUDIES THE UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS Vol. V  No. 1 Spring 1999 Table of Contents: A Word From the Chairperson: Cooperation! The Environment: World Perspectives: February Conference Was a Great Success Brief report from another great conference: ALA in Fes, Morocco KU Professor to Ghana on a Mission ... Our address, e-mail, websites, phone, and fax. A Word From The Chairperson: Cooperation! Peter Ukpokodu The Environment: World Perspectives February Conference Was a Great Success          The recent cross-area studies international environment conference, held February 19-20, 1999, at the Kansas Union, was a great learning experience for all involved.  This premier collaboration among KU's four area studies centers provided a venue for each world area to participate in the planning, presenting, and audience participation.  The event's success can be attributed to the variety of the information and speakers' presentation styles.  There was something for everyone.          The event began Friday evening with a keynote presentation by Dr. Karl Zimmerer, Geography and Environmental Studies at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.  Dr. Zimmerer's remarks, "Global-Local Trends and New Landscape Ecologies:  Prospects for Conservation-with-Development," tackled the challenge of an academic attempting to speak to a general level audience.  Many in the audience learned from Zimmerer's geography background, others were able to appreciate his interpretation of specific information into lay terms.

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z

Page 3     41-60 of 85    Back | 1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | 5  | Next 20