21. U.N. Information: General Information On The United Nations 1. In countries which have not abolished the death penalty, capital punishment maybe imposed only for the most serious crimes, it being understood that their http://www.hri.ca/uninfo/treaties/41.shtml

About the UN Resolutions Treaties Index Safeguards guaranteeing protection of the rights of those facing the death penalty UN Document Series Symbol: ST/HR/ UN Issuing Body: Secretariat Centre for Human Rights Approved by Economic and Social Council resolution 1904/50 of 25 May 1984 1. In countries which have not abolished the death penalty, capital punishment may be imposed only for the most serious crimes, it being understood that their scope should not go beyond intentional crimes with lethal or other extremely grave consequences. 2. Capital punishment may be imposed only for a crime for which the death penalty is prescribed by law at the time of its commission, it being understood that if, subsequent to the commission of the crime, provision is made by law for the imposition of a lighter penalty, the offender shall benefit thereby. 3. Persons below 18 years of age at the time of the commission of the crime shall not be sentenced to death, nor shall the death sentence be carried out on pregnant women, or on new mothers, or on persons who have become insane. 4. Capital punishment may be imposed only when the guilt of the person charged is based upon clear and convincing evidence leaving no room for an alternative explanation of the facts.

22. American Baptist Resolution On Medical Societies And Capital Punishment By Letha Association and other medical societies have opposed the participation by physiciansin capital punishment by lethal injection Therefore, the general Board http://www.abc-usa.org/resources/resol/cappun3.htm

AMERICAN BAPTIST RESOLUTION ON MEDICAL SOCIETIES AND CAPITAL PUNISHMENT BY LETHAL INJECTION WHEREAS, American Baptists have stated their opposition to capital punishment on numerous occasions, (1958, 1966, 1980, 1982) and; WHEREAS, the American Medical Association and other medical societies have opposed the participation by physicians in capital punishment by lethal injection: Therefore, the General Board: commends the American Medical Association and the other medical societies for their courageous stand opposing participation by their members in capital punishment by lethal injection; once more condemns capital punishment as a judicial alternative and; urges all American Baptists to express opposition to the expansion of the federal death penalty. Adopted by the General Board of the American Baptist Churches - December 1982 97 For, 21 Against, 17 Abstentions Modified by the Executive Committee of the General Board - March 1992 (General Board Reference # - 8107:12/82) POLICY BASE American Baptist Policy Statement on Human Rights THEREFORE, as American Baptists we declare the following rights to be basic human rights, and we will support programs and measures to assure these rights:

23. MINISTER'S STATEMENT ON CAPITAL PUNISHMENT Minister of Justice and Attorney general of Canada, Anne McLellan responds to the Canadian Police Association's call for reinstatement of the death penalty in Canada. http://canada.justice.gc.ca/en/news/nr/1997/deathp.html

Department of Justice MINISTER'S STATEMENT ON CAPITAL PUNISHMENT Ottawa, August 29, 1997 In response to the resolution passed by the Canadian Police Association today calling for the return of the death penalty in certain cases, the Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada, Anne McLellan, issued the following statement: "Capital punishment has been debated and voted on in free votes in the House of Commons twice in the past two decades. In 1976, Parliament voted to abolish capital punishment and in 1987 Parliament voted against reinstating it. It is not the intention of the Government of Canada to reinstate the death penalty," said Minister McLellan. Ref.: Pierre Gratton Minister's Office (613) 992-4621 Aboriginal Justice Learning Network Child Support Crime Prevention Family Law Assistance Services ... More... Last Updated: 2002-12-20 Important Notices

24. European Union & The Death Penalty (Capital Punishment) in several international human rights instruments, under which the capital punishmentmay be 54 th UN general Assembly, Excerpt from the Speech by Minister for http://www.eurunion.org/legislat/DeathPenalty/deathpenhome.htm

European Union Delegation of the European Commission to the United States 2300 M Street, NW Washington, DC 20037 Telephone: (202) 862-9500 Fax: (202) 429-1766 EU Home EU Policy Documents Action in the United Nations Action on US Death Row Cases ... Related Links The European Union (EU) is opposed to the death penalty in all cases and has consistently espoused its universal abolition, working towards this goal. In countries that maintain the death penalty, the EU aims at the progressive restriction of its scope and respect for the strict conditions set forth in several international human rights instruments, under which the capital punishment may be used, as well as at the establishment of a moratorium on executions so as to eliminate the death penalty completely. The EU is deeply concerned about the increasing number of executions in the United States of America (USA), all the more since the great majority of executions since reinstatement of the death penalty in 1976 have been carried out in the 1990s. Furthermore, in the US, young offenders who are under 18 years of age at the time of the commission of the crime may be sentenced to death and executed, in clear infringement of internationally recognized human rights norms. The following collection of documents includes key policy statements by the EU, actions on specific death row cases in the US and links to international and other agreements cited in the various documents.

25. Focus On The Death Penalty Educational site intended to give as full a picture as possible of the complex issues surrounding Category Society Issues Crime and Justice Death Penalty...... Also on this page are links to general news, indices, and using existing Internetresources, of the complex issues surrounding capital punishment and its http://www.uaa.alaska.edu/just/death/

Focus on the Death Penalty Focus on Gun Control Index to Links ... Index Focus on the Death Penalty 30 Mar 2000 : The Death Row page has been updated with information from more state prison death rows. 2 Mar 2000 The International Context page has been completely updated. Other pages have been reformatted, and are in the process of being updated. A number of attempts at introducing capital punishment to the Alaska criminal justice system have occurred in recent years. The purpose of this site is to provide Alaska citizens and other members of the public with a source of information on the death penalty so that they can make informed decisions on this important issue. (See for historical information and updates on the progress of the death penalty debate in Alaska.) We hope that others will also find the site useful. See the site overview for a quick look at what you will find on this site. Also on this page are links to general news, indices, and bibliographies

26. Right Words: Capital Punishment capital punishment. Give an initial capital to words that are part of a proper name,like John The opposite of the proper name is a general name, that is, a name http://www.rightwords.co.nz/capital.html

Capital punishment Many official documents suffer from over-capitalisation. The writer sprinkles capitals everywhere in an attempt to make words stand out - with the result that nothing stands out. Here are some simple rules to help you avoid this capital offence. Give an initial capital to words that are part of a proper name, like John, Whakatane, the Pacific Islands, the Treaty of Waitangi, Kodak, School Certificate, or the Bible. This includes all of the significant words in the name of a corporation, government agency, division, department or organisation. The opposite of the proper name is a general name, that is, a name that can apply to a number of like items or objects. A general name for each of the examples given above would be: boy, town, country, treaty, film, qualification and book. Give an initial capital to the titles and designations of people, when these are used with the person's name, and not otherwise. " Sir John Smith, Chairman of the Board of Directors, opened the meeting ", but "

27. Capital Punishment The PHRMG points out the dangers of sentencing people to capital punishment in general,and the execution of the punishment in particular, for the following http://phrmg.org/monitor1999/jan99-capital.htm

Introduction Political Freedom Freedom of Opinion an Expression The Palestinian Police ... Disappearance Archives The bi-monthly publication of the PHRMG Nov 1999 August 1999 June 1999 March 1999 ... Jan 1999 The Monitor Our Profile I I The Monitor I Resources I Links I Subscriptions I Home The Palestinian Human Rights Monitor The bi-monthly publication of the PHRMG: Capital Punishment: During 1998, four detainees were sentenced to death. What distinguishes this year from others is that the death penalty was executed against two detainees out of four, by an order from Yasser Arafat. On 30 August 1998, Muhammad Kamal Abu Sultan (28, married and father to one child, from Jabalia – Gaza, working for the MI) and Ra’ed Kamal Abu Sultan (24, single, from Jabalia, working for the border forces) were gunned down at the Palestinian Police headquarters in Gaza. On 29 August 1998, the Military Court in Gaza sentenced the two brothers, together with their third brother Faris (30, married and father to 3 children, from al-Nusseirat refugee camp, working for the GI), to death for the murder of two brothers from al-Khaldi family: Muhammad Ibrahim Ribah al-Khaldi and Majdi Ibrahim Ribah al-Khaldi. Muhammad al-Khaldi worked in the Political Direction. His brother Majdi worked for the GI.

28. Kearl's Guide To The Sociology Of Death: Moral Debates ideology integrate attitudes toward capital punishment, abortion, and physicianassisteddeath (euthanasia)? Looking at the 1996 NORC general Social Surveys http://www.trinity.edu/~mkearl/death-5.html

M ORAL D EBATES O F O UR T IMES A BORTION The year began in 1998 with numerous media reflections on the twenty-fifth anniversary of the Supreme Court's landmark Roe vs. Wade decision and the thirty to thirty-five million abortions that the ruling legalized. (In fact, three years earlier in 1995, Norma McCorvey [known as Jane Roe], the woman whose fight for the right to an abortion led to the 1973 Supreme Court decision, said that she disavowed her position and had been baptized by the national head of the anti-abortion group Operation Rescue.) In January of that year, a New York Times /CBS News telephone survey of 1,101 Americans found one- half viewing "abortion [as] the same thing as murdering a child" and a general preference toward restricting the procedure. For instance, when asked whether a pregnant woman should be able to get a legal abortion if her pregnancy would force her to interrupt her career, only 25% said yesdown from 37% in 1989. With the conclusion of this anniversary year, studies of The Alan Guttmacher Institute found a decrease in the number of abortion providers in the United States and reported the lowest abortion rate since 1975. (Click here for the

29. Libraries: Capital Punishment Resources: A Library Research Guide issues related to capital punishment, sometimes an encyclopedia can help with theprocess. The College of Wooster Libraries has many general and specialized http://www.wooster.edu/library/fys/wood/

Home Page Capital Punishment Resources: A Library Research Guide for Thomas Wood's First Year Seminar 2000 called Just for the Hell of It: The Seven Deadly Sins in Literature and Music compiled by Julia Chance Gustafson Sources for Background Information on the Capital Punishment If you're looking for an overview of or background on the issues related to Capital Punishment, sometimes an encyclopedia can help with the process. The College of Wooster Libraries has many general and specialized subject encyclopedias that could be of help with this process. Below is a list of a few encyclopedias with some background on Capital Punishment. Title/Types of Encyclopedias Location of Encyclopedia: Call Number/Browsing Area or Web Page Location General Encyclopedias: General encyclopedias in print: are found shelved together (e.g., Academic American Encyclopedia Encyclopedia Americana Encyclopaedia Britannica World Book Encyclopedia WOO Reference AE section General encyclopedias on the Web: (e.g., Encyclopedia Britannica at Britannica.com Columbia Encyclopedia WEB RESOURCE: WOOInfo / Libraries / Library Resources / Encyclopedias and Dictionaries Subject encyclopedias in print: Criminal justice encyclopedias: (e.g.

30. Capital Punishment Survey Report at the University of Chicago also has conducted surveys in which respondents wereasked their opinion of capital punishment. In the general Social Surveys, 1972 http://www.globaldialog.com/~theoacme/cappun3.html

Capital Punishment Survey Report by Theodore Kamis ( Originally submitted as an addendum to my English class term paper, Capital Punishment on Trial: Which Side Is Correct? (Instructor: S. Winifred Morgan) at Edgewood College, Madison, WI, on 12 May 1996. ) Background of the survey According to the Gallup Organization's recent surveys on the death penalty, reprinted in the Bureau of Justice Statistics' 1994 Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics, 77 percent of those surveyed favored the death penalty for those convicted of murder, while 13 percent opposed it. When demographic factors such as the gender, age, education, income, political affiliation, or region of the respondent are considered, similar percentages were found. When the race of the respondent is considered, some differences do emerge: Blacks favor the death penalty by a narrower margin (53% in favor / 31% opposed) than do whites (81% in favor / 10% opposed) ( Justice , Table 2.57, p 181). When Gallup prefaced the question with the estimate that 1 percent of those sentenced to death were actually innocent, and Gallup posed it to those who had favored the death penalty, 74 percent still supported the death penalty, while 20 percent did not. When demographic factors such as the gender, age, education, income, political affiliation, or region of the respondent were considered, similar percentages were found ( Justice , Table 2.60, p 184). However, the possible response to each question was limited to

31. Column: Capital Punishment For Corporations? in effect imposing capital punishment on these unnatural persons. That proposal hasbegun to find an audience. In April, New York Attorney general Dennis Vacco http://www.ilsr.org/columns/1998/092298.html

Capital Punishment for Corporations? by David Morris Institute for Local Self-Reliance September 22, 1998 No one should be above the law, our politicians insist. If the President is lying, he should be stripped of office. Drug users should be stripped of their possessions and their livelihoods. Murderers should suffer the ultimate punishment-death. Only one entity is exempted from this firm principle that criminals should be punished for their criminal behavior: the corporation. It is an odd exception. After all, corporations can wield power and wreak damage a million times greater than can an individual. Yet today a corporation found guilty of the most heinous crime usually pleads nolo contendere, which means it admits no guilt, pays a trivial fine and promises not to commit the crime again. If only the President could incorporate himself, he'd be home free. Corporations were not always treated so indulgently. When the corporate form was invented in the 18th century, its proponents realized they had created a potential monster. The introduction of limited liability meant owners were no longer responsible for the actions of their businesses. This posed a dilemma. For as Edward, Lord Chancellor of England said at the time, "Did you ever expect a corporation to have a conscience, when it has no soul to be damned and no body to be kicked?" Jonathan Rowe, writing in the Washington Monthly, observes, "Individual responsibility is a bedrock principle of the common law tradition. People must stand accountable for their actions and those taken on their behalf. To compromise this principle, something had to be given in return; specifically the enterprise that gained this exemption had to serve the public in concrete ways."

32. Reprieve.org.uk - The Online Resource On Capital Punishment Caribbean Links. Privy Council general. Privy Council’s website. http//members.xoom.com/ccadp/islands.htm.general bodies/articles. http://www.reprieve.org.uk/caribbean.shtml

Home What can you do? Donations Reprieve internships Online petitions Penpal organisations What do we do? Our Mission Britons on death row Caribbean Last words of ... ... Legal Reprieve Extra usa caribbean justice australia worldwide links ... Help with search Caribbean Links Privy Council General Article on the Privy Council and the point of it Jamaicans For Justice Caribbean Severs link to the Privy Council February 15th 2001 Article from the Guardian Newspaper Privy Council Cases Law reports : list of Privy Council cases and decisions http://www.lawreports.co.uk/hl-pc.div.htm Individual Countries National Democratic Movement of Jamaica http://www.ndmjamaica.org/ Caribbean Inmates Canadian Coalition against the Death Penalty : mainly Trinidad and Tobago http://members.xoom.com/ccadp/islands.htm General bodies/articles State killing in the English speaking Caribbean: a legacy of colonial times http://web.amnesty.org/ai.nsf/recent/AMR050032002 Amnesty International http://www.amnesty-caribbean.org/ Caribbean Justice http://www.reprieve.org.uk/caribbean_justice.html

33. Reprieve.org.uk - The Online Resource On Capital Punishment Department of Corrections. general history on Arkansas prison system. Arkansas. California.capital punishment in California. Department of Corrections information. http://www.reprieve.org.uk/usa.shtml

Home What can you do? Donations Reprieve internships Online petitions Penpal organisations What do we do? Our Mission Britons on death row Caribbean Last words of ... ... Legal Reprieve Extra usa caribbean justice australia worldwide links ... Help with search USA By States General Information All states (inc those without the death penalty) Dept of Corrections websites in alphabetical order. Alabama Alabama Department of Corrections Information on abolishing the death penalty, writings, poetry, and pen pal requests Arizona Department of Corrections general history on Arkansas prison system. Arkansas Department of Corrections includes - names and information on individuals, history, stats California Capital punishment in California Department of Corrections information Statistics on California's Death Row www.deathpenalty.org California cases www.deathpenalty.org Sacramento Area Coalition Against the Death penalty selected information supplied by SACADP but hasn't been updated since 11/14/98 Statistics, info on California Death Penalty http://agitator.com/dp/states/california.html

34. NewsHour Extra: Timothy McVeigh And Capital Punishment - May 16, 2001 both sides more time to air their arguments about the death penalty in general. ofthe death penalty also say that fear of the ultimate punishment stops people http://www.pbs.org/newshour/extra/features/jan-june01/death_penalty.html

How did the death penalty start in the U.S.? How many other countries use the death penalty? Get the NewsHour History: After Oklahoma City Execution Delay: Attorney General Ashcroft announces a one-month delay in the execution of convicted Oklahoma City bomber Timothy McVeigh. Death Penalty update: Americans changing opinion on the death penalty. (5/10/01) Kids and Crime: The youngest person ever convicted of murder is sentenced to death. McVeigh and the death penalty: A NewsHour discussion on the sentence of Timothy McVeigh. Get the NewsHour Extra history: Death Penalty on Hold: Illinois examines their use of the death penalty. (2/22/00) NewsHour coverage of: Law Outside Links: Extra is not responsible for the content of external Internet sites. The Death Penalty Information Center Truth in Justice National Criminal Referal Service The ACLU and the Death Penalty ... Pro-Death Penalty.com Classroom activities: Curriculums on the death penalty PBS Frontline: "The "Executioner"

35. Religion & Ethics Newsweekly: Cover Story - Capital Punishment: Retribution Or J According to the Pew Center for the People and the Press, the numberof Americans who favor capital punishment in general is 66%. http://www.pbs.org/wnet/religionandethics/week437/cover.html

News Feature Cover Story Magness Feature ... Headlines BOB ABERNETHY (anchor): The fate of Oklahoma City bomber Timothy McVeigh has triggered a national debate over the death penalty in the religious communities. This week, more than 65 American religious leaders asked President Bush not to execute McVeigh and to impose a moratorium on all Federal executions. Leaders of the Episcopal Church, Presbyterian Church USA, the United Church of Christ, Catholics Against Capital Punishment, the Quakers, and the Union of American Hebrew Congregations signed a letter stating the pain of McVeigh's victims, of their community, and of the nation "cannot be healed through the retribution of capital punishment or by vengeance." Last week, speaking for the U.S. Catholic Bishops, Cardinals Roger Mahony of Los Angeles and William Keeler of Baltimore reiterated the Catholic Church's longtime opposition to capital punishment, saying executing McVeigh will not bring healing or closure. Rather, the Cardinals said, "it will be just one more killing." At the same time, many religious leaders support McVeigh's execution. Today, we have a special report on the capital punishment debate among people of faith. Our correspondent Tim O'Brien talked with two ministers in the same denomination, the First Christian Church [Disciples of Christ].

36. Md. Attorney General Asks For End To Death Penalty ( lawyer who represents capital murder defendants nationally, said Curran is the firstsitting attorney general in a state with active capital punishment laws to http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A4015-2003Jan30.html

37. Texas Attorney General Law; Elder Alert Newsletter. Financial Litigation general Litigation Natural capitalLitigation Fact Sheets on Executions; capital punishment Appellate Guidebook. http://www.oag.state.tx.us/website/sitetoc.shtml

Site Index Home Links Search Site Index ... Alphabetical Index Divisions of the Office of the Attorney General Administrative Divisions Accounting Historically Underutilized Business (HUB) Program E-mail the (HUB) Program ... Job Postings Law Clerk Program New Hire Program Recruitment Program Training Information Technology Support Internal Audit Press Office ... Physician Joint Negotiation Rules and Adoption Order Elder Law Elder Alert Newsletter Financial Litigation General Litigation Natural Resources Taxation ... Criminal Law Update (CLU) Newsletter Custodial Death Report Financial Crimes Habeas Corpus Internal Security ... Child Abuse (brochure and handbook) Child Support Evaders Child Support Complaint Form 2002 Tax Charts Border Issues ... Hard-to-Enumerate Areas Miscellaneous Adobe Acrobat PDF files (help with) Administrative Rules (links to Texas Administrative Code) Ask the AG newspaper columns Compact with Texans Office of the Attorney General Comptroller of Public Accounts Case List and Summary of Issues: September 2000 Contact the OAG Contracts Exceeding $100,000 Duties of the Office of the Attorney General ... Public Information Act Poster (goes to General Service Commission's site) Texas Amber Alert Network Texas Internet Bureau Texas Exile Tax Charts 2002 Alphabetical Index Administrative Divisions Administrative Law Administrative Rules (links to Texas Administrative Code) Adobe Acrobat PDF files (help with) All Bond Counsel letters Border Colonia Geography Online Census 2000 Child Abuse (brochure and handbook) Child Support Evaders Civil Litigation Divisions Compact with Texans Office of the Attorney General

38. Commission On Capital Punishment | Reports CHAPTER 5 PROSECUTORS SELECTION OF CASES FOR CAPITALPUNISHMENT, CHAPTER 14 general RECOMMENDATIONS, http://www.state.il.us/defender/ccpr.html

Report of the Governor's Commission on Capital Punishment April 2002 2 MB To read PDF files you will need Adobe(r) Acrobat Reader(r) PREAMBLE 121 KB MEMBERS OF THE COMMISSION ON CAPITAL PUNISHMENT 93 KB COMMISSION STAFF 84 KB ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 87 KB TABLE OF CONTENTS 86 KB CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND 170 KB CHAPTER 2 POLICE AND PRETRIAL INVESTIGATIONS 191 KB CHAPTER 3 DNA AND FORENSIC TESTING 164 KB CHAPTER 4 ELIGIBILITY FOR CAPITAL PUNISHMENT 160 KB CHAPTER 5 PROSECUTORS SELECTION OF CASES FOR CAPITAL PUNISHMENT 152 KB CHAPTER 6 TRIAL JUDGES 146 KB CHAPTER 7 TRIAL LAWYERS 132 KB CHAPTER 8 PRETRIAL PROCEEDINGS 150 KB CHAPTER 9 THE GUILT-INNOCENCE PHASE 139 KB CHAPTER 10 THE SENTENCING PHASE 160 KB CHAPTER 11 IMPOSITION OF SENTENCE 155 KB CHAPTER 12 PROCEEDINGS FOLLOWING CONVICTION AND SENTENCE 159 KB CHAPTER 13 FUNDING 141 KB CHAPTER 14 GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS 179 KB CONCLUSION 60 KB BIBLIOGRAPHY 119 KB APPENDIX 51 KB CONTENTS 1. Governors Executive order creating Commission 53 KB 2. Illinois Death Penalty statute 59 KB 3. Eligibility factors and legislative amendments through 2001

39. Death Penalty of the Governor's Commission on capital punishment ; The Trials Indigent DefenderBoard capital Trial Manuals. general Info What's New Publications Death http://www.state.il.us/defender/dpenalty.html

Death Penalty Materials on Capital Litigation ABA Guidelines for the Appointment and Performance of Defense Counsel in Death Penalty Cases (Adopted February 2003) (Note: Depending on your connection, this file may take several minutes to download) Relief Granted in Death Penalty Cases in the Illinois Supreme Court Summary of General Death Penalty Issues Decided by the Illinois Supreme Court 7th Circuit Death Penalty Issues Pending Death Penalty Issues ... Illinois Supreme Court Capital Litigation Trial Bar Death Penalty Links "Report of the Governor's Commission on Capital Punishment" "The Trials, and Rewards, of Good Old-Fashioned Lawyering," Chicago Tribune, 3/5/00 (free registration may be required) "The Failure of the Death Penalty in Illinois," Chicago Tribune series (free registration may be required) Chicago Tribune Series on Prosecutorial Misconduct (free registration may be required) ... Illinois Home Page Office of the State Appellate Defender

40. Capital Punishment and decision today is whether capital punishment is justifiable The three justificationstraditionally advanced for punishment in general are retribution http://www.osjspm.org/cappun.htm

Archdiocese of St. Paul and Minneapolis Home Issues Alerts Act! ... Search U.S. Catholic Bishops' Statement on Capital Punishment November, Other Links Other statements on capital punishment. Catholics Against Capital Punishment Other web resources on capital punishment. INTRODUCTION In 1974, out of a commitment to the value and dignity of human life, the U.S. Catholic Conference, by a substantial majority, voted to declare its opposition to capital punishment. As a former president of the National Conference of Catholic Bishops pointed out in 1977, the issue of capital punishment involves both "profound legal and political questions as well as 'important moral and religious issues,'" And so we find that this issue continues to provoke public controversy and to raise moral questions that trouble many. This is particularly true in the aftermath of widely publicized executions in Utah and Florida and as a result of public realization that they are awaiting execution in various prisons. The resumption of capital punishment after a long moratorium which began in 1967, is the result of a series of decisions by the United States Supreme Court. In the first of these decisions

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