1. Toomer Jean Toomer (18941967) Fair-skinned, straight-nosed, straight-haired, African AmericanNathan Eugene Pinchback Toomer was born in 1894 into a world dedicated http://www.unc.edu/courses/eng81br1/toomer.html

Jean Toomer (1894-1967) Fair-skinned, straight-nosed, straight-haired, African American Nathan Eugene Pinchback Toomer was born in 1894 into a world dedicated to defining individuals, their intellect, their ability, their lifestyletheir very natureon color. Where did he fit? That one question plagued him all his life as it did most of the Harlem Renaissance writers. The question of how to define oneself, a question most American writers asked (remember Whitman's "Song of Myself?"), was made even harder when race was made a central part of the definition. Toomer, along with his fellow writers, shared what W.E. B. DuBois called the African American's "double-consciousness," that awareness that any black would be seen first as an embodiment of all the stereotypes of what being black meant and then as an American (and as an embodiment of all the stereotypes of what being American meant.) Toomer found this position ludicrous, especially since his olive complexion made most strangers think he was white American or French or Spanish. When he was mistaken for anything other than black, he found he was generally treated better than when people knew he had black ancestry, yet he was still the same man. Why should his thoughts and ideas be more respected when he was thought to be white? Why should his behavior be judged more harshly when he was thought to be black? Toomer didn't care to reason this blatant racism out. Instead, he rejected any classification except that of American, and like Walt Whitman, he tried to convince the rest of America that only by erasing racial prejudices could America be a true free democracy.

2. Jean Toomer Jean Toomer (18941967). Toomer's Life and Career On Reapers On November Cotton Flower On Portrait in Georgia On http://www.english.uiuc.edu/maps/poets/s_z/toomer/toomer.htm

Jean Toomer (1894-1967) Toomer's Life and Career On "Reapers" On "November Cotton Flower" On "Portrait in Georgia" ... External Links Prepared and Compiled by Charles Scruggs Return to Modern American Poetry Home Return to Poets Index

3. Jean Toomer Jean Toomer (1894 1967). a web guide to Jean Toomer from literaryhistory.com. http://www.literaryhistory.com/20thC/Toomer.htm

Jean Toomer (1894 - 1967) a web guide to Jean Toomer from literaryhistory.com main page 20th century outline authors, alphabetical 19th century authors General Articles http://www.english.uiuc.edu/maps/poets/s_z/toomer/toomer.htm An introduction, plus excerpts of reputable critical discussions of some poems, from the Modern American Poetry Site (Univ. of Illinois). http://www.poets.org/poets/poets.cfm?prmID=72 An introduction to Jean Toomer from the Academy of American Poets. http://www.csustan.edu/english/reuben/pal/chap9/toomer.html List of critical articles on Jean Toomer and a short biography, from Dr. Paul Reuben's PAL web site. http://www.accd.edu/sac/english/bailey/aframlit.htm A timeline for African American literature published from 1746 - 1999, by Roger Blackwell Bailey Ph.D. http://www.bluefield.wvnet.edu/library/afamlinks.htm A thorough list of web resources for African American writers and literature from the Bluefield State College Library. Harlem Renaissance http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/harlem/contents.html Reprint of the influential Survey Graphic Harlem Number, 1925, which includes articles on the new scene in Harlem by James Weldon Johnson, W.E.B. DuBois, Countee Cullen, poems by Langston Hughes, Jean Toomer, and Cullen, and more. A project of the Univ. of Virginia electronic text center.

4. Education Planet Literature,Authors And Poets,Alphabetical Listing,Toomer Jean N 0 Maps, 0 Videos, Find 'toomer jean nathan eugene' books. Home/Literature/Authorsand Poets/Alphabetical Listing toomer jean Nathan Eugene (2). http://www.educationplanet.com/search/Literature/Authors_and_Poets/Alphabetical_

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5. Jean Toomer Jean Toomer (18941967). Copyright 1923 by Boni Liveright, renewed 1951 byJean Toomer. Reproduced by permission of Liveright Publishing Corporation. http://www.nku.edu/~diesmanj/toomer.html

Jean Toomer Cotton Song Evening Song Georgia Dusk Reapers Cotton Song Come, brother, come. Lets lift it; come now, hewit! roll away! Shackles fall upon the Judgment Day But lets not wait for it. God's body's got a soul, Bodies like to roll the soul, Cant blame God if we dont roll, Come, brother, roll, roll! Cotton bales are the fleecy way, Weary sinner's bare feet trod, Softly, softly to the throne of God, "We aint agwine t wait until th Judgment Day! Nassur; nassur, Hump. Eoho, eoho, roll away! We aint agwine to wait until th Judgment Day!" God's body's got a soul, Bodies like to roll the soul, Cant blame God if we dont roll, Come, brother, roll, roll! Evening Song Full moon rising on the waters of my heart, Lakes and moon and fires, Cloine tires, Holding her lips apart. Promises of slumber leaving shore to charm the moon, Miracle made vesper-keeps, Cloine sleeps, And I'll be sleeping soon. Cloine, curled like the sleepy waters whtere the moonwaves start, Radiant, resplendently she gleams

6. Jean Toomer Jean Toomer. Toomer, Jean Poets' Corner Enjoy poems by author and poet Jean Toomer,including Song of the Son, Reapers and Harvest Song. geocities.com. http://www.staceysgifts.com/posters/educational/c13373-jean-toomer.shtml

Jean Toomer Shopping Main Menu Shopping Posters Education Jean Toomer Jean Toomer posters and art prints store online. Buy your image unframed: click the image. Buy your image framed: click the "Framed" link. Choose from a large selection of frame styles and matching mat colors. Buy your image mounted: click the "Mounted" link. The mounting process permanently bounds images to 1/8" stabilized hardboard. The surface is treated to protect against moisture, dust, dirt, fingerprints, and protects against UV comparable to standard glass. Tip: Save on shipping - buy more than one poster. Affiliate Program *Prices as of Jul 30 2002. Framing/mounting extra. Jean Toomer Poster 18 in. x 24 in. Unframed Framed Mounted Jean Toomer Books at Alibris! For great deals on used and out-of-print books by Jean Toomer click here! www.alibris.com Buy Jean Toomer Products We link to merchants which offer Jean Toomer products for sale. www.williamandamber.com Navigation Search Looking for something in particular? More search options Explore StaceysGifts.com!

7. Jean Toomer Jean Toomer 18941967 Jean (Nathan Eugene) Toomer was born in Washington DCand attended the University of Wisconsin and City College of New York. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/masterpiece/americancollection/cora/harlem/toomer_bio.ht

Jean (Nathan Eugene) Toomer was born in Washington D.C. and attended the University of Wisconsin and City College of New York. He worked for a time as the administrator of a black rural school in Georgia, a setting which offered background for his most well-known work, Cane.

8. Jean Toomer Jean Toomer 18941967 1922 - Cane An experimental collection of poems,sketches, stories and a novella. Proclaimed a central work http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/masterpiece/americancollection/cora/harlem/toomer_works.

1922 - Cane An experimental collection of poems, sketches, stories and a novella. Proclaimed a central work of the Renaissance, Cane's title references the cane fields of the poor black South. 1931 - Essentials A collection of sayings 1980 - The Wayward and the Seeking Works unpublished during Toomer's life, collected and edited by Darwin T. Turner

9. Jean Toomer Jean Toomer, Face. home Last updated 2001.11.7. http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~richie/poetry/html/auth46.html

Jean Toomer Face [home] Last updated: 2001.11.7.

10. Jean Toomer Jean Toomer (18941967). Questions on Blood Burning Moon . Check out theJean Toomer Pages on the Web. Back to Harlem Renaissance Literature Page http://www.rlc.dcccd.edu/annex/COMM/english/mah8420/JeanToomer.html

Jean Toomer (1894-1967) American writer Jean Toomer inspired many later Harlem Renaissance writers with his passionate and realistic portrayal of black life in the novel Cane (1923). Noted for its poetic and sensitive descriptions, Cane describes people frustrated by their conflicts with social customs and by psychological conflicts within themselves. Cane was published in 1923. A few "important" white people thought it was an extraordinary work. At a time when the best (or popular) novelists, poets, and publishers had fame not unlike the movie and rock stars of today. Toomer was himself of mixed ancestry, claiming a variety of European, African, and even Native American bloodlines. As a result, Toomer long struggled with the issue of race, both personally and professionally. As a man who could successfully "pass" for white, Toomer was a reluctant spokesperson for race conscious artists who were interested in celebrating "blackness." Instead, Toomer envisioned an American identity that would transcend race. Nevertheless, concerns with racial division inform his writing, often in a very specific manner. Questions on "Blood Burning Moon"

11. Jean Toomer Jean Toomer (18941967). Cotton Song. Come, brother, come. Lets liftit; come now, hewit! roll away! Shackles fall upon the Judgment http://eiffel.ilt.columbia.edu/TEACHERS/cluster_teachers/Dick_Parsons/Cluster_2/

Jean Toomer Cotton Song Come, brother, come. Lets lift it; come now, hewit! roll away! Shackles fall upon the Judgment Day But lets not wait for it. God's body's got a soul, Bodies like to roll the soul, Cant blame God if we dont roll, Come, brother, roll, roll! Cotton bales are the fleecy way, Weary sinner's bare feet trod, Softly, softly to the throne of God, "We aint agwine t wait until th Judgment Day! Nassur; nassur, Hump. Eoho, eoho, roll away! We aint agwine to wait until th Judgment Day!" God's body's got a soul, Bodies like to roll the soul, Cant blame God if we dont roll, Come, brother, roll, roll! Evening Song Full moon rising on the waters of my heart, Lakes and moon and fires, Cloine tires, Holding her lips apart. Promises of slumber leaving shore to charm the moon, Miracle made vesper-keeps, Cloine sleeps, And I'll be sleeping soon. Cloine, curled like the sleepy waters whtere the moonwaves start, Radiant, resplendently she gleams, Cloine dreams, Lips pressed against my heart. Georgia Dusk The sky, lazily disdaining to pursue

12. Jean Toomer Jean Toomer December 26, 1894 Nathan Jean Toomer born, WashingtonDC March 30, 1967 - Poet Jean Toomer dies, Doylestown, PA This http://www.ourgeorgiahistory.com/chronpop/1121

Jean Toomer December 26 - Nathan Jean Toomer born, Washington D. C. March 30 - Poet Jean Toomer dies, Doylestown, PA This son of a Georgia farmer and the daughter of the first African-American governor in the United States easily passed for white in spite of his black heritage, and lived in both black and white society before he was 18. When he moved to New Rochelle in 1906, he lived in a white neighborhood and attended a white school. Three years later in Washington D.C. he attended an all-black high school. It was while living in Sparta, Georgia as an African-American that Toomer conceived the idea of Cane , a work some compare to Native Son or Invisible Man in its impact on contemporary African-American culture. Toomer went on to become a Quaker, although he continued to write. His death in 1967 came after a long illness. Create a link to this page: To add a link to this page, copy this html into your web page January February March April ... 2000's All of the photographs, graphics and text on Our Georgia History http://ourgeorgiahistory.com Front History 101 ... Golden Ink Georgia's innovative design group Legal Notice

13. Jean Toomer Jean Toomer. Jean toomer jean Toomer 24 in. x 18. Framed. See AlsoActivists Revolutionaries. Copyright © 2002 posterbargains.com http://www.poster-bargains.com/products/13373.php

Jean Toomer Jean Toomer 24 in. x 18 Framed See Also poster-bargains.com

14. The JEAN TOOMER PAGES The jean toomer PAGES. Created May 1996 in honor of the. one hundredth birthdayof jean toomer. and for my students. Who or what was jean toomer? http://www.math.buffalo.edu/~sww/toomer/jean-toomer.html

The JEAN TOOMER PAGES Created May 1996 in honor of the one hundredth birthday of Jean Toomer and for my students. Who or what was Jean Toomer? In my estimation, he was a thinker, a seeker after truth, and a philosopher. Certainly, he was much more than a mere novelist/poet. He was the writer who began the Harlem Renaissance in Literature, the mystic who helped spread Gurdjieff's system in America, and the Black scholar who put new blood into the Religious Society of Friends. Jean Toomer Biography "We learn the rope of life by untying its knots." Jean Toomer's Poetry Jean Toomer's Stories Photographs Toomer Bibliography my motivation aim References ... related pages visitors. prize.

15. PAL: Jean Toomer (1894-1967) Publication in 1923 of toomer's book, "Cane " is considered by many to have been the start of the Harlem Renaissance. Find a bibliography. Philadelphia University of Pennsylvania Press, 1998. toomer, jean. The Collected Poems of jean toomer. http://www.csustan.edu/english/reuben/pal/chap9/toomer.html

PAL: Perspectives in American Literature - A Research and Reference Guide Paul P. Reuben Chapter 9: Harlem Renaissance - Jean Toomer (1894-1967) Primary Works Selected Bibliography: Books Selected Bibliography: Articles Study Questions ... Home Page Source: Modern American Poetry For many, the literary renaissance in Harlem began with the publication of Toomer's Cane . It was hailed as a masterpiece, as a fresh voice from a very promising young writer. This publication also brought Toomer in contact with other black intellectuals. However, his spiritual quest took him away from race issues; he studied and became converted to the spiritual thought of the Russian mystic Georgi Gurdjieff and spent his time lecturing on mystical doctrines. His racial ambivalence and involvement with mysticism could explain his inability to recapture the promise of Cane Primary Works Cane Essentials An Interpretation of Friends Worship The Flavor of Man The Wayward and the Seeking (collection), 1980. Top Selected Bibliography: Books Benson, Brian J., and Mabel M. Dillard.

16. Jean Toomer - The Academy Of American Poets The Academy of American Poets presents a biography, photograph, and selected poems. http://www.poets.org/LIT/poet/jtoomfst.htm

poetry awards poetry month poetry exhibits about the academy Search Larger Type Find a Poet Find a Poem Listening Booth ... Add to a Notebook Jean Toomer Jean Toomer was born in 1894 in Washington, D.C, the son of a Georgian farmer. Though he passed for white during certain periods of his life, he was raised in a predominantly black community and attended black high schools. In 1914, he began college at the University of Wisconsin but transferred to the College of the City of New York and studied there until 1917. Toomer spent the next four years writing and published poetry and prose in Broom The Liberator The Little Review and others. He actively participated in literary society and was acquainted with such prominent figures as the critic Kenneth Burke, the photographer Alfred Steiglitz and the poet Hart Crane . In 1921, Toomer took a teaching job in Georgia and remained there four months; the trip represented his journey back to his Southern roots. His experience inspired his book Cane , a book of prose poetry describing the Georgian people and landscape. In the early twenties, Toomer became interested in Unitism, a religion founded by the Armenian George Ivanovich Gurdjieff. The doctrine taught unity, transcendence and mastery of self through yoga: all of which appealed to Toomer, a light-skinned black man preoccupied with establishing an identity in a society of rigid race distinctions. He began to preach the teachings of Gurdjieff in Harlem and later moved downtown into the white community. From there, he moved to Chicago to create a new branch of followers. Toomer was married twice to wives who were white, and was criticized by the black community for leaving Harlem and rejecting his roots for a life in the white world; however, he saw himself as an individual living above the boundaries of race. His meditations center around his longing for racial unity, as illustrated by his long poem "Blue Meridian." He died in 1967.

17. JEAN TOOMER (1896-1967) jean toomer (18961967) edu/ english/ reuben/ pal/ chap9/ toomer. Bibliography of writings and criticism and a brief biography. Lists author's works and a short bibliography. jean toomer (1896-1967). Reuben, Paul P. "Chapter 9 Harlem Renaissance - jean toomer (1896-1967) - A Brief Biography." http://ucl.broward.cc.fl.us/writers/toomer.htm

JEAN TOOMER (1896-1967) Reuben, Paul P. "Chapter 9: Harlem Renaissance - Jean Toomer (1896-1967) - A Brief Biography." PAL: Perspectives on American Literature- A Research and Reference Guide. http://www.csustan.edu/english/reuben/pal/chap9/toomer.html Bibliography of writings and criticism and a brief biography. Blackwell Bailey, Roger. San Antonio College LitWeb: Jean Toomer. http://www.accd.edu/sac/english/bailey/toomer.htm Lists author's works and a short bibliography. Williams, Scott. A Jean Toomer Page. http://members.aol.com/bonvibre/toomer0.html Toomer, Jean. "Her Lips Are Copper Wire." http://www.people.cornell.edu/pages/emp7/personal/others/toomer.html Text of poem. Rampersad, Arnold. His Own Best Disciple. The New York Times On the Web. 30 August 1987. http://search.nytimes.com/books/search/bin/fastweb?getdoc+book-full+book-r+8161+0++%28%27Jean%20Toomer%27%3Afull%29 Review of The Lives of Jean Toomer A Hunger for Wholeness . By Cynthia Earl Kerman and Richard Eldridge nl University/College Library at Broward Community College

18. Jean Toomer's Writing jean toomer's Writings. Most of these works are unpublished. At Waldo Frank'ssuggestion, toomer took two poems out of Cane before its publication. http://www.math.buffalo.edu/~sww/toomer/toomerpoems.html

The Jean Toomer Pages Jean Toomer Biography Jean Toomer stories more ... photographs Jean Toomer's Writings Most of these works are unpublished. At Waldo Frank's suggestion, Toomer took two poems out of Cane before its publication. He later regretted the action. The poems were For M. W. and . The rest of the poems below appear elsewhere.. poetry below - essays (click) A Certain Man The Lost Dancer Unsuspecting People ... Her Lips Are Copper Wire For M.W. There is no transcience of twilight in The beauty of your soft dusk-dimpled face, No flicker of a slender flame in space, In crucibles, fragility crystalline. There is no fragrance of the jessamine About you, no pathos of some old place At dusk, that crumbles like moth-eater lace Beneath the touch. Nor has there ever been. Your love is like the folk-song's flaming rise In cane-lipped southern people, like their soul Which burst its bondage in a bold travail; Your voice is like them singing, soft and wise, Your face, sweetly efflgent of the whole

19. Jean Toomer - The Academy Of American Poets jean toomer The Academy of American Poets presents biographies, photographs, selectedpoems, and links as part of its online poetry exhibits. jean toomer. http://www.poets.org/poets/jtoom

poetry awards poetry month poetry exhibits about the academy Search Larger Type Find a Poet Find a Poem Listening Booth ... Add to a Notebook Jean Toomer Jean Toomer was born in 1894 in Washington, D.C, the son of a Georgian farmer. Though he passed for white during certain periods of his life, he was raised in a predominantly black community and attended black high schools. In 1914, he began college at the University of Wisconsin but transferred to the College of the City of New York and studied there until 1917. Toomer spent the next four years writing and published poetry and prose in Broom The Liberator The Little Review and others. He actively participated in literary society and was acquainted with such prominent figures as the critic Kenneth Burke, the photographer Alfred Steiglitz and the poet Hart Crane . In 1921, Toomer took a teaching job in Georgia and remained there four months; the trip represented his journey back to his Southern roots. His experience inspired his book Cane , a book of prose poetry describing the Georgian people and landscape. In the early twenties, Toomer became interested in Unitism, a religion founded by the Armenian George Ivanovich Gurdjieff. The doctrine taught unity, transcendence and mastery of self through yoga: all of which appealed to Toomer, a light-skinned black man preoccupied with establishing an identity in a society of rigid race distinctions. He began to preach the teachings of Gurdjieff in Harlem and later moved downtown into the white community. From there, he moved to Chicago to create a new branch of followers. Toomer was married twice to wives who were white, and was criticized by the black community for leaving Harlem and rejecting his roots for a life in the white world; however, he saw himself as an individual living above the boundaries of race. His meditations center around his longing for racial unity, as illustrated by his long poem "Blue Meridian." He died in 1967.

20. Jean Toomer - The Academy Of American Poets jean toomer Song of the Son. The Academy of Add to a Notebook Song ofthe Son jean toomer. Hear it! Read by Arna Bontemps. Pour O pour http://www.poets.org/poems/poems.cfm?prmID=1439

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