Editorial Review Product Description A master of the american short story
Included in this rich collection are: The Piazza, Bartleby the Scrivener, Benito Cereno, The Lightning-Rod Man, The Encantadas, The Bell-Tower, and The Town-Ho's Story. ... Read more Customer Reviews (43)
Mankind Adrift in an Amoral Universe
Reading, be the target novels, short stories, poems, or road maps, demands an investment from readers of a certain number of hours from their life spans.Perhaps I am too demanding, but I feel that, if I am to trade a portion of my life for the message left for me by an author, the message should be meaningful, and I should lay down the completed book feeling that I have gained something positive from having read it:a new insight, a new word added to my recognition vocabulary, or a new vicarious experience.I also detest having my attention diverted from the author's message by having to stumble around malapropisms, misspellings, or nonstandard punctuation.This collection of short stories (and I have no objection if one wishes to characterize "Billy Budd" as a novella)does not disappoint.From these eight stories I have gleaned new vocabulary and new vicarious experiences, and in none of them is the writing any less than superb.
This is not to claim that the writing is always easily read.The acceptable and educated writing style of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries was far more periphrastic than is today's streamlined and, at times, abbreviated and almost staccato style.Simple sentences were not preferred over compound-complex sentences.Writers were not hesitant to select words that best fit their purpose, the number of syllables and the antiquity of a word notwithstanding.We tend to see such writing today as "dense, impenetrable and boring," but just think of the opportunity to expand one's vocabulary and to practice concentrating on the meaning being conveyed by those wonderfully detailed sentences! Communicating through the written word requires a joint effort on the part of both the author and the reader, and only those readers who are willing to put forth the effort are likely to truly enjoy Melville's stories.
I find it strange that most of the reviews posted here deal only with "Billy Budd" for the other seven stories are magnificent and deserve attention.Each one makes its own comment on the nature of mankind and of humanity's relationship with the universe.None is a "happy" story, for Melville did not see mankind's place in the cosmos as a happy one."The Piazza" shows us how much our dreams and imaginations exceed reality and how mundane, unfulfilling and prosaic reality is compared with the gilded sheen with which we adorn our imagined perceptions of things unknown, being certain that they are better than our own reality.
"Bartleby" is, for me, the most demanding story to grasp, and it still defies my feeble attempts at explication.Bartleby certainly prefers (to use his own term) not to comply with the expectations and requirements of the society around him, and in fact he is quite successful in not conforming to the social norms--but at a terrible price.Is Melville commenting on the fact that individuals are never truly free to pursue their own preferences?I believe so, but I also believe that this too simplistic; there is more to be found in this story.
"Benito Cerino" is a surreal account of the captain of a slave ship who becomes the slave when the slaves become the masters.Eventually rescued, the captain remains a broken man, freed of his bondage only to face an early grave.The fascination of this story lies in the masterful way Melville reveals the true nature of things to us through the perceptions of Captain Amasa Delano, who boards the Spanish slaver with helpful intentions and a large measure of innocent naivete.The story slowly unfolds through his eyes and ears as, very slowly, his suspicions increase that all is not right aboard Don Benito's ship.This is by far one of the most suspenseful stories in print in the English language.
"The Lightning Rod Man" shows us how successful charlatans can be when they prey on the fears of their victims, unethical behavior made even worse by the fact that the charlatans create those fears themselves.Perhaps there is also an implied comment here on the gullibility of those who become such prey, for the successful man in this story is the charlatan himself.
For vivid description of a desolate and hostile environment, it would be difficult to trump the series of vignettes grouped under the title "The Encantadas."If there is an enchantment to these barren volcanic islands, it is surely an evil one in Melville's view.His introducing each vignette with an epigraph, largely from Spencer's Faerie Queene, effectively sets the tone and mood for what follows, and the tone is always somber.
"The Bell-Tower" is rather intriguing in that it could have emerged from a contemporary science fiction story, a genre quite unknown in Melville's day.It is a pithy commentary on man's increasing reliance on his own inventions and creations rather than nature's (or God's if one prefers).The message is, as we should now come to expect, that man suffers from such misplaced reliance.
"The Town-Ho's Story" is reminiscent of "Billy Budd" and the reader feels that one has strongly influenced the other, although the outcomes are surprisingly different.I'm a little surprised that none of the reviews that I've found here have drawn a parallel between Billy Budd (the handsome sailor) and Jesus Christ or between John Claggart and Judas Iscariot or between Captain Vere and Pontius Pilot.Now before another reader takes me to task, please note that I am not claiming that Melville intentionally made any such parallels, yet I believe that Melville's symbolic characters can be seen in a somewhat similar light as those of the Christian allegorists.
All of these stories reveal the amoral nature of the universe, an amorality that mankind sees as dark and painful because it does not cater to his desires.Melville's skills at drawing verbal pictures for his readers are masterful but, like an artist executing a complicated painting, he is not always quick and easy to interpret.If the reader will approach these stories slowly and thoughtfully--and with a dictionary at hand--thenhe or she will be rewarded with a memorable experience.
The Fall of Billy Budd
Set in the 1790s during the Napoleonic Wars, Herman Melville's short story, Billy Budd, Sailor, is an exposé of the classic debate over the nature of man.Melville's story is filled with long and often pointless sentences, and the story lacks a clear sense of organization. Despite the difficulty of the read, Billy Budd is still a worthwhile piece of fiction due to Melville's marvelous ability to present the themes of the subjectivity of justice and the fragility of innocence.
Billy Budd is a young, handsome, naïve sailor aboard the English ship the HMS "Bellipotent".He has been forced into service but works hard and follows orders anyways. One day, he is accused by the ship's master-at-arms, John Claggart, of attempted mutiny. Claggart lies to the captain out of his own envy of the young sailor even though the penalty for mutiny is death by hanging. The situation is especially serious due to several recent mutinies aboard other ships in the navy.Captain Vere is then presented with a difficult situation. Billy Budd had always been a hard worker and favorite of those on board the ship, but naval laws were inflexible. The main focus of the book revolves around Vere's choice of conscience or the letter of the law.
The story is short, but it is by no means a quick read. Billy Budd was published after Herman Melville had died. Sadly, the book was unfinished. Although the themes are present, the structure of the book is in total disarray. The dialogue is fragmented in places, and there appears to be lack of true development for any of the characters. However, Billy Budd's situation still allows Melville to expound his themes. Billy represents innocence and Claggart represents evil. Melville pits these age old opponents against each other in a decidedly new way which makes this book a good read for any mature reader. Like the Biblical story of The Fall, Billy Budd has his innocence corrupted by a man who hates Billy for his favored status aboard the ship. Naval Law would see Billy hanged, but Captain Vere has a hard time consenting to this. Vere, along with the reader begin to question the true nature of justice. Who says what is right and what is wrong, and how are we to really know? Billy's tragedy will ultimately leave any reader with more questions than answers.
I had to read this book twice, but after the second time, I was able to fully appreciate Melville's brilliance. I would definitely recommend this book to anyone who enjoys classical literature. However, I would not recommend this book for anyone who just wants an entertaining story. Try something in the James Clavell or Ken Follett catalogue if entertainment is what you seek.
Bill Budd : Ishmael's Idiot Cousin
I went into Billy Budd expecting fully unique characters, dynamic adventure scenes, amusing-to-analyze homoeroticism, and original themes. What I got was a flat, uninspired narrative that would have been furiously marked in red by any high school English teacher for its excessive description and dull prose. Melville, what the heck!?? I go from a breathtaking adventure novel to this yawn-inspiring allegorical novella?
When Moby Dick indulges in diversions, it's like humoring a genius uncle who interrupts a riveting tale of his past for an educational discourse on different types of whales. When Billy Budd breaks up its narratives it's like suffering through a boring lecture from a professor who assumes his idiotic students haven't done the assigned reading.
Talk about a disappointment! I suspect that many people who claim to like Billy Budd do so because it's short and easy to analyze, and you can say things like "Oh, Moby Dick is next on my list. I loved Billy Budd." Did you really? I'll admit that the issues are compelling- innocence corrupted by evil, religion's role in perpetuating war, the condemnation of modern warfare which honors efficiency over valor... and so on... but they are not explored in an interesting or particularly thought-provoking way.
I agree with some other reviewers that this story reads like a draft rather than a finished work. Perhaps if Melville had further developed this it would have evolved into something brilliant, but he died before that could happen. I find the notion of Starry Vere arguing strongly for a decision which he finds unconscionable compelling, and I like Claggart's sociopathic obsession with handsome Billy. These could have been fleshed out- perhaps at the expense of the over-long professions of Billy's ethereal beauty- but they were left awash in a sea of messy, weak plot.
I doubt I will bother reading most of the stories. Herman Melville remains one of my favorite authors because of the intense enjoyment I derived from Moby Dick, but my opinion of him has been tarnished after reading this.
Sailors' Favorite Framed, Takes Rap
*BILLY BUDD, a classic tale by America's Herman Melville, was written 40 years after his burst of creative energy.Melville still possessed the feeling for a good story, but he wrote it in a language so ornate and (to our modern eyes) stilted, that one can hardly absorb it.Nevertheless, BILLY BUDD deals with a timeless human issue---the nature of justice.Billy, a handsome young sailor, has been impressed into the British Navy where he incurs the jealousy or instinctive dislike of an officer.Billy has done nothing to warrant his wrath and is highly popular among everyone.This officer, rather more intellectual than most, proves tenaciously vindictive.He endeavors to trap Billy in a mutinous plot, but Billy rejects the idea.At last the officer goes to the captain and accuses Billy of mutiny directly.The captain too likes Billy and cannot believe the accuser.He calls Billy, who in tense circumstances is apt to stutter or be tongue-tied.When presented with the officer's accusations, Billy cannot speak.He strikes the officer.The conclusion is swift and sad.I should not reveal the ending, but the question of "what is justice ?" lies at the center of it.
*Other Tales---these are neither very enjoyable nor easy to read except for BARTLEBY THE SCRIVENER, an amusing story that might remind readers of one episode from "Sinbad the Sailor". Bartleby, a copyist or scrivener arrives at a lawyer's office and is hired.He seems to have no past, no present.We discover that he even lives at the office, never goes out.He gradually refuses to do all work, but will not leave the premises.How to get rid of him ?I could tell you the end, but in the immortal words of Bartleby himself, "I would prefer not to."This is a minor classic.
The difference between to be right and to be moral!
Billy Budd has never known a home beside the sea.Orphaned, and apparently un-cared for, even though he has a personal innocence, and beauty about him, he is at one with the sea.
In his innocence, he is unaware that his superior, Claggert, is also his nemesis, and one can only speculate why Claggert has such antipathy towards him.
Although there is nothing Captain Vere can do to save the poor boy, after Billy Budd unexpectedly lashes out at Claggert, we are waiting for something to happen to avoid the unfair morality of the story.While Vere has right in his decision to condemn Billy Budd, it is an immoral decision.Is what is right and what is moral it always the same thing?Not in this case, and perhaps that is Melville's point.Well meaning people can do what is right, can act in a manner that is correct, but isn't there a higher consideration.Why does there have to be a conflict with morality and correctness, with humanity and duty.
This short novel provides yet another addition to the literature in which to question right and wrong, good and evil.I think that this is an unanswerable question.
While the themes within this story and universal, and well presented, the language is nineteenth century.Parts of the narrative are difficult to get through, and many of the metaphors require a nineteenth century outlook.But the issues it raises are worth thinking about, and that certainly comes through, at least to me,
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