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For nearly two decades, and particularly since the civil war, Somali men, women, and sometimes even children without families fled the country in droves. Some sought refuge amongst established Somali communities in the Horn of Africa, the former colonial states of England, France, and Italy, and the Middle East. Others journeyed to new destinations. Today, Somali communities are found in nearly every corner of the world from small rural towns like Barron, Wisconsin and Lewiston, Maine in the United States, to cities like Johannesburg, Sydney, Helsinki, Minneapolis, and Toronto. Diasporic Somalis are just as likely to speak Afrikaans or Finnish as they are to speak Somali. This book represents the first attempt to map the social and cultural contours of the Somali diaspora in a global context. Using case studies from Somali communities in Africa, Europe, and North America, the contributors to this volume construct a global framework for studying the Somali diaspora. This framework simultaneously compares dispersed Somalis in different cultural, economic, political, and racial contexts, and captures the fluid, transnational context of the Somali diaspora. The central questions that guide this book are: How do these contexts inform the production and maintenance of Somali diaspora formation? Consequently, how do the making and remaking of diasporic identities affect local Somali communities, the global diaspora community, host societies as well as the homeland communities they left behind? ... Read more

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Hardy's Literary Notebooks are one of the major sources of information about what Hardy considered necessary or desirable reading for his craft. The present edition, as well as providing for the first time the full text of the Notebooks, includes a full editorial commentary which identifies sources and indicates how Hardy used his literary notes both explicitly and implicitly in his own writing. An invaluable addition to the Hardy canon which will be of interest to scholars and Hardy enthusiasts alike. Winner of the Thomas Hardy Society Book Prize for 1986. ... Read more

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Decentralization and Education: Asian Experiences and Conceptual Contributions examines the specific ways in which decentralization policies have affected the structure and delivery of education in eleven Asian nations. Written by top scholars in the field, the case studies provide detailed and rich empirical evidence documenting the tensions as well as synchronisms between the ideas that form the basis of decentralization policy and the contexts into which they are introduced. The high quality of this collection essays and the careful attention to local contexts for implementation will make this book a must read for academics, policy planners, practitioners, and students of Asia.

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During the last decades, ever since load management was first considered as a way of reducing the peak loads of electric power systems, interest has focussed on residential and commercial customers. All kinds of load management programs have been implemented for groups of these customer classes. This book concentrates on electricity demand by industrial customers and the specific load management alternatives that can be adopted by industry. All branches of industry have been studied and the book contains branch-wise information about total energy use and specified use of electricity and fuels. The main electric power demanding processes and equipment are identified and the load characteristics are described. Theoretical aspects are combined with guidance on practical performance. The book also contains a powerful simulation model which is described in detail. The model program code, in PASCAL, is included together with basic input data files. Results revealed in the book show that profitability is highly dependent on both the industrial load management strategies and the structure of the electricity rate. ... Read more

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Electronic learning or E-learning is a general term used to refer to computer-enhanced learning. It is used interchangeably in so many contexts that it is critical to be clear what one means when one speaks of 'eLearning'. In many respects, it is commonly associated with the field of advanced learning technology (ALT), which deals with both the technologies and associated methodologies in learning using networked and/or multimedia technologies. By 2003, more than 1.9 million students were participating in on-line learning at institutions of higher education in the United States alone. Many higher education for-profit institutions, now offer on-line classes. By contrast, only about half of private, non-profit schools offer them.The Sloan report, based on a poll of academic leaders, says that students generally appear to be at least as satisfied with their on-line classes as they are with traditional ones. Private institutions may become more involved with on-line presentations as the cost of instituting such a system decreases. Properly trained staff must also be hired to work with students on-line.These staff members must be able to not only understand the content area, but also be highly trained in the use of the computer and Internet. Online education is increasing dramatically around the world. This book presents the latest research in the field. ... Read more

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Reading, Writing and the World Wide Web is a college composition textbook specifically designed for the computer-mediated and online classroom. Reading, Writing and the World Wide Web fully integrates its writing activities with sections on computer use, electronic communication, and a detailed instructional for researching and publishing on the World Wide Web. ... Read more