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Peru History:     more books (100)

Peru. History of coca, "the divine plant" of the Incas; with an introductory account of the Incas, and of the Andean Indians of to-day by William Golden Mortimer, 2010-08-28 Peru: A Short History by Professor Emeritus David P. Werlich Ph.D., 1978-06-01 Ecology, Settlement and History in the Osmore Drainage, Peru (bar s) by Don S. Rice, 1989-12-31 History of the Conquest of Peru: With a Preliminary Review of the Civilization of the Incas by Anonymous, 2010-03-08 The modern history of Peru (Praeger histories of Latin American) by Fredrick B Pike, 1969 History of the Conquest of Peru, Volume 3 by William Hickling Prescott, John Foster Kirk, 2010-01-12 Chinese Bondage in Peru: A History of the Chinese Coolie in Peru, 1849-1874 by Watt Stewart, 1970-03-09 A History of Peru by Sir Clements Robert Markham, 2010-10-14 The Return of Epidemics in Twentieth Century Peru (The History of Medicine in Context) by Marcos Cueto, 2001-03 History of the Conquest of Peru, Volume 1 by William Hickling Prescott, John Foster Kirk, 2010-02-28 The Peru traveller: A concise history and guide by Selden Rodman, 1967 History of the Boundary Dispute Between Ecuador and Peru by Pastoriza Flores, 2010-10-14 South American archaeology: an introduction to the archaeology of the South American continent, with special reference to the early history of Peru by Thomas Athol Joyce, 2010-08-08 History Of The Conquest Of Peru - Vol II by William Hickling Prescott, 2007-10-26

lists with details

41. Peru
    Directory. Adoption Sites, Adoption Community, Adoption Shop, AdoptionReunion, International Adoption. peru history. Historical Background  
    http://peruvian.adoption.com/files/history/Peru.php?country=Peru

42. Tucson Pima Public Library /Children's
    Family Life Juvenile Literature 1993 1 Peru Folklore 3 Peru Governors BiographyJuvenile Literature 2 peru history Conquest 1522 1548 Juvenile Fiction 2000 1  
    http://infolynx.ci.tucson.az.us:90/kids/10,173,175/search/dPeru -- History -- Co

43. Peru
    1, Aurelia Fuertes Medina. A concise history of Peru in six paragraphs.Category Society History html. 12, peru history. Around 30  
    http://www.ad.com/Regional/South_America/Peru/Society_and_Culture/__History/

44. Peru Travel - Guide To Peru
    Punta Sal 3d/2n, US $ 382. Trujillo Colonial 3d/2n, US $ 150. Cuzco. 55° F/12.78°C. Iquitos. 77° F/25° C. Lima. 73° F/22.78° C. Guide to Peru. peru history  
    http://travel.peru.com/travel/english/places_of_interest/peru/history.asp
    
    Extractions: The Conquest The Independence and Republic Fighting The First Inhabitants It is believed that the peruvian territory was populated since 8,000 B.C. by Asian migrating populations, however, we can not talk about a cultural unit because of the registered culture succession since 2,500 B.C., which it first passed through a primitive agriculture and cattle period; it was affirmed the ceramics period in the X Century B.C. The well developed Chavin culture from Huantar, characterized by its great ceremonial buildings and the practice of an evolved culture is one of the first testimonies. At the IV century already was recorded a higher development degree of cultures settled in its territories (Chimu and Nazca), which stand out because of their textile, metallurgy and higher technology irrigation system. In the VI century A.D. we had the Tiahuanaco Culture. In the XII century A.D. a "quechua" language town was born which was managed by soveraigns called Incas, with poulations which migrated from the Titicaca Lake's banks to Cusco, organization which attained in short time a great territorial expansion.

45. History Of Peru
    peru history When the Spanish landed in 1531, Peru's territory wasthe nucleus of the highly developed Inca civilization. Centered  
    http://www.worldrover.com/history/peru_history.html
    
    Extractions: HISTORY When the Spanish landed in 1531, Peru's territory was the nucleus of the highly developed Inca civilization. Centered at Cuzco, the Inca Empire extended over a vast region from northern Ecuador to central Chile. In search of Inca wealth, the Spanish explorer Francisco Pizarro, who arrived in the territory after the Incas had fought a debilitating civil war, conquered the weakened people. The Spanish had captured the Incan capital at Cuzco by 1533 and consolidated their control by 1542. Gold and silver from the Andes enriched the conquerors, and Peru became the principal source of Spanish wealth and power in South America. Pizarro founded Lima in 1535. The viceroyalty established at Lima in 1542 initially had jurisdiction over all of South America except Portuguese Brazil. By the time of the wars of independence (1820-24), Lima had become the most distinguished and aristocratic colonial capital and the chief Spanish stronghold in America. Peru's independence movement was led by Jose de San Martin of Argentina and Simon Bolivar of Venezuela. San Martin proclaimed Peruvian independence from Spain on July 28, 1821. Emancipation was completed in December 1824, when General Antonio Jose de Sucre defeated the Spanish troops at Ayacucho, ending Spanish rule in South America. Spain made futile attempts to regain its former colonies, but in 1879 it finally recognized Peru's independence.

46. Peru - Berkshire County Online Community - IBerkshires.com
    Michael Cardinal more testimonials. peru history. Narrative Peruis a small friendly rural hilltown in central Berkshire County.  
    http://peru.iberkshires.com/history/
    
    Extractions: FORECAST Select your town Adams Alford Becket Cheshire Clarksburg Dalton Egremont Florida Great Barrington Hancock Hinsdale Housatonic Lanesboro Lee Lenox Monterey Mt. Washington New Ashford New Marlborough North Adams Otis Peru Pittsfield Richmond Sandisfield Savoy Sheffield Stockbridge Tyringham Washington W. Stockbridge Williamstown Windsor iBerkshires.com Saint Patricks Day Valentines Day Williamstown.com NorthAdams.com Motor Sports Real Estate Baseball 2000 Wedding Guide Golf Mothers Day Auto Guide Fathers Day TonyT Summer Pj Rules Chef's Corner Nonprofit Q and A Fall JoshBillings halloween Thanksgiving iBennington.com April Peru Automotive Berkshire Schools Community Lodging ... Weather Essentials Ask the Senator Berkshire Nightlife Berkshire Wallpaper Class Reunion Page ... Student Spotlights Top 10 Sections Community Class Reunion Page Obituaries Calendar ... Poll Results Enter Your E-mail Address Below To Receive Our Free iBerkshires.com Newsletter Testimonials "I am so glad to have the chance to see home anytime. I have been gone from the Berkshires for 20 years. My city, San Diego, CA, doesn't have a site as nice as this. Thanks to my sister Nadine for showing it to me. - Corinne LeSage Habel Brown" more testimonials Peru History Narrative: Peru is a small friendly rural hilltown in central Berkshire County. Incorporated in 1771 as Partridgefield, its name was later changed to Peru.Peru has the highest town center in the state. More than half of the town is woodlands and much of this is owned by the state. Dorothy Frances Rice Wildlife Sanctuary is located on South Road. Garnet Lake, the only lake in town is privately owned. Garnet Mountain Monument was built in memory of 15 soldiers who were killed in a plane crash during World War II on Garnet Mountain. Peru is a community of small owner-operated businesses, zoned agricultural/residential and is a bedroom community for the mills in Dalton, Pittsfield, Springfield and West Springfield. A member of the Central Berkshire Regional School District, the grammar school children go to Hinsdale and the junior and senior high schools are located in Dalton.

47. History Of Peru
    Short profile of peru's history explores the country's preColonial past and follows through to the modern era. US contact information 520-603-2290. history. peru TRAVEL PLANNER  
    http://www.peru-explorer.com/history.htm
    
    Extractions: Inca Empire, click to enlarge map Evidence of settlement in Peru dates back thousands of years but, except for some scattered ruins, little is known of these early peoples. In about 1250 BC groups such as the Chavín, Chimú, Nazca, and Tiahuanaco migrated into the region from the north. The Chimú built the city of Chan Chan about AD 1000, ruins of which remain today. Inca Empire The Inca, sometimes called peoples of the sun, were originally a warlike tribe living in a semiarid region of the southern sierra. From 1100 to 1300 the Inca moved north into the fertile Cusco Valley. From there they overran the neighboring lands. By 1500 the Inca Empire stretched from the Pacific Ocean east to the sources of the Paraguay and Amazon rivers and from the region of modern Quito in Ecuador south to the Maule River in Chile. This vast empire was a theocracy, organized along socialistic lines and ruled by an Inca, or emperor, who was worshiped as a divinity. Because the Inca realm contained extensive deposits of gold and silver, it became in the early 16th century a target of Spanish imperial ambitions in the Americas. In November 1995 anthropologists announced the discovery of the 500-year-old remains of two Inca women and one Inca man frozen in the snow on a mountain peak in Peru. Scientists concluded that the trio were part of a human sacrifice ritual on Ampato, a sacred peak in the Andes mountain range. Artifacts from the find unveiled new information about the Inca and indicated the use of poles and tents rather than traditional stone structures. The arrangement of doll-size statuettes dressed in feathers and fine woolens provided clues about Inca religious and sacrificial practices.

48. Peru
    peru. history. The first inhabitants of peru were nomadic huntergatherers who lived in caves in peru's coastal regions.  
    http://www.ddg.com/LIS/aurelia/peru.htm
    
    Extractions: Peru, the largest in area in the Andean countries, was the cradle of the most advanced indigenous civilizations and most powerful empire in pre-Columbian South America-that of the Incas. Peru was also the focus of Spanish colonial domination for its first two hundred years of rule. What remained of pre-Columbian America with regard to people, culture, and settlements is perhaps better represented in Peru than in any other country. The country has a 2,400 kilometer (1,500 miles) long coast on the Pacific Ocean and borders Colombia and Ecuador in the north, Brazil and Bolivia on the east, and Chile on the south. It is the only country that borders all the other Andean states. GENERAL INFORMATION Area 1,285,216 sq. km (496,225 sq. mi.) Capital City Lima Gross National Product per capita $ 1,470 (1987 estimate) Currency unit Nuevo Sol Population 22'332,000 (1990 estimate) Density 40.7 persons/sq. mi. (1986 estimate) Urban-rural population 70.2 % urban, 29.8% rural Nartural increase 2.5% (1985-1990) Illiteracy rate 15.2% (1985 estimate) Highest point 22,205 ft (Huascaran) Main cities Arequipa, Trujillo, Chicalyo, Cusco National Holiday Independence Day, 28-29 July Map of Peru WWW sites

49. Peru - History
    history of peru by period the Middle or Chavin period, the Regional Period and Wari Empire, the Period Category Society history By Region South America peruperu THE history. We do not know for sure how far back we can tracethe history of mankind in peru as new findings are pushing back  
    http://www.travelvantage.com/per_his.html
    
    Extractions: PERU THE HISTORY We do not know for sure how far back we can trace the history of mankind in Peru as new findings are pushing back in the very far past the start of human inhabitation in these lands. Up until recently, we only thought that human civil life had started around 7000 years ago..... Chilca was inhabited about 4000 BC and the other two sites about 2000 BC. The inhabitants fished with nets or with bone hooks and collected seafood such as crabs and sea urchins. Various crops were cultivated, including cotton which appeared early (about 3000 BC) as well as chilli peppers, beans' squashes and, about 1400 BC, corn. The cotton was used to make clothing, mainly with the simple techniques of twining and later by weaving. Roughly contemporary with these coastal settlements was the enigmatic site of Kotosh near Huanuco - one of the earliest ruins in highland Peru. Little is known about the people who lived here, but their buildings were the most developed for that period, and pottery fragments found here predate by several hundred years those found in other parts of Peru. From around 1250 BC to 850 BC there are remains in the Viru Valley and Guanape area, about 50 km south of Trujillo on the north coast which show that, during this time, ceramics developed from rude undecorated pots to sculpted, incised and simply colored pots of high quality. Weaving, fishing and horticulture also unproved and simple funerary offerings have been found. After these early time we start having a better knowledge of the early inhabitants of Peru.

50. Visit Peru With VirtualPeru.net
    Site about peru. Brief, tothe-point information about thepeople, regions, culture and history. Supported by many pictures.  
    http://www.virtualperu.net/

51. Peru
    Detailed history of the Peruvian flag.  
    http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/pe.html
    
    Extractions: Jan Oskar Engene , 15 Feb 1996 I received already infos from Peru, including 1 native tribe flag (Muchik), 1 ethnic flag (Peruvians of japanese orign), and also flags of some Ministries; Army, Navy and Air Force; Peruvian Diplomatic Academy and Peruvian Lawyers College. Unfortunately those infos will be available in my Bulletin only in 2001 (next millenium).

52. Library Of Congress / Federal Research Division / Country Studies / Area Handboo
    peru - A Country Study. Substantial and well organised information from 1992 covering history, economy, Category Regional South America peruperu A Country Study. Search peru Include word variants Use onlywords as entered. peru; Foreword; Acknowledgments; Preface; COUNTRY  
    http://memory.loc.gov/frd/cs/petoc.html

53. History Of The Conquest Of Peru - Table Of Contents
    Online version of the William Prescott classic provided by the World Wide School.  
    http://www.worldwideschool.org/library/books/hst/southamerican/HistoryoftheConqu
    
    Extractions: Chapter 1 Physical Aspect of the CountrySources of Peruvian CivilizationEmpire of the IncasRoyal FamilyNobility Chapter 2 Orders of the StateProvisions for JusticeDivision of Lands-Revenues and RegistersGreat Roads and Posts-Military Tactics and Policy Part II Chapter 3 Peruvian ReligionDeitiesGorgeous TemplesFestivalsVirgins of the SunMarriage Chapter 4 EducationQuipusAstronomyAgriculture AqueductsGuanoImportant Esculents Chapter 5 Peruvian SheepGreat HuntsManufacturesMechanical SkillArchitectureConcluding Reflections Part II BOOK 2 Ancient and Modern ScienceArt of NavigationMaritime DiscoverySpirit of the SpaniardsPossessions in the New World-Rumors Concerning Peru Chapter 2 Francisco PizarroHis Early HistoryFirst Expedition to the SouthDistresses of the VoyagersSharp EncountersReturn to PanamaAlmagro's Expedition Chapter 3 The Famous Contract-Second ExpeditionRuiz Explores the CoastPizarro's Sufferings in the ForestsArrival of New Recruits-Fresh Discoveries and DisastersPizarro on the Isle of Gallo Chapter 4 Indignation of the GovernorStern Resolution of Pizarro-Prosecution of the VoyageBrilliant Aspect of Tumbez-Discoveries Along the CoastReturn to Panama-Pizarro Embarks for Spain Part II BOOK 3

54. GlobalEDGE (TM) | Country Insights - Overview Of Peru
    Includes statistics, history, economy and government.  
    http://globaledge.msu.edu/ibrd/CountryIntro.asp?CountryID=142&RegionID=4

55. World Travel Guide - Peru - History And Government
    World Travel Guide peru - history Government - includes informationon the constitution and politics. WORLDTRAVELGUIDE.NET,  
    http://www.travel-guide.com/data/per/per580.asp
    
    Extractions: History: The indigenous Inca civilisation of what is now Peru was conquered by Spain in the early 16th century. The city of Lima was founded in 1535 and became the effective capital of the vice-royalty of Peru, established seven years later. Spain ruled the country until the early 19th century, using the rich silver reserves to finance its costly imperialist struggles with France, England and The Netherlands. The wars of independence, which expelled the Spanish from virtually the entire South American continent, reached Peru in the early 1820s. After the 1821 declaration of independence, Peru was challenged by the royalists. The new government appealed to the revolutionary leader, Simon Bolivar, for assistance.

56. MapZones.com History
    peru, history, Back to Top. Evidence of settlement in peru dates backthousands of years but, except for some scattered ruins, little  
    http://www.mapzones.com/world/south_america/peru/historyindex.php
    
    Extractions: Country Info Peru Introduction Peru General Data Peru Maps Peru Culture ... Peru Time and Date Peru History Back to Top Evidence of settlement in Peru dates back thousands of years but, except for some scattered ruins, little is known of these early peoples. In about 1250 bc groups such as the Chavín, Chimú, Nazca, and Tiahuanaco migrated into the region from the north. The Chimú built the city of Chan Chan about ad 1000, ruins of which remain today. Humans have probably lived in Peru for more than 13,000 years. Beginning about 1250 BC, several advanced cultures, such as the Chavín, Chimú, Nazca, and Tiahuanaco, developed in different parts of Peru; however, the area was not unified politically until AD 1438, when the Inca set out from their base in Cuzco on a career of conquest that, during the next 50 years, brought under their control the area of present-day Peru, Bolivia, northern Argentina, Chile, and Ecuador. Within this area, the Inca established a totalitarian state that enabled the tribal ruler and a small minority of nobles to dominate an inert population. The Inca, sometimes called peoples of the sun, were originally a warlike tribe living in a semiarid region of the southern sierra. From 1100 to 1300 the Inca moved north into the fertile Cuzco Valley. From there they overran the neighboring lands. By 1500 the Inca Empire stretched from the Pacific Ocean east to the sources of the Paraguay and Amazon rivers and from the region of modern Quito in Ecuador south to the Maule River in Chile. This vast empire was a theocracy, organized along socialistic lines and ruled by an Inca, or emperor, who was worshiped as a divinity. Because the Inca realm contained extensive deposits of gold and silver, it became in the early 16th century a target of Spanish imperial ambitions in the Americas.

57. NASCA / PERU. History Of The Geoglyphs
    Together with the Moche people of the Northern coast of peru they were known fortheir exceptional handicrafts, particularly evident in their pottery as well  
    http://www.ascinsa.com/NASCA/history.htm
    
    Extractions: From a stylistic point of view, one can distinguish three large complexes in the concentration of lines and geoglyphs. The first is known as Chavin (500-300 B.C.) and it is represented by a figure constructed by the piling up of stones. It depicts a large bird with its wings extended - ready to fly. This era was very important in the cultural development of the Andes. Apart from the geoglyph mentioned we also have the famous printed cloth of the Karwas. In both cases there is clear evidence of the strong Northern influence of the Late-Middle Formative Period in the Ica zone. The second complex corresponds to the development known as Paracas (400 B.C. - 200 A.D.). Which began with a strong influence from the Northern cultures who were expanding. Paracas was a community which adapted its economy to a difficult and arid environment, developing highly advanced artistry as noted in the exquisite cloth and embroideries, which were part of the Paracas-Nasca tradition, renowned through out the world. This complex has a number of important representations of stylised cats and anthropormophic figures with sophisticated hair pieces, carrying canes and head trophies as well as knives in their hands. Most of

58. Bigchalk: HomeworkCentral: Peru (History By Country)
    culture overview; history of peru; history of peru 4000 BC1536 AD;history of peru overview; history of peru by time period; history  
    http://www.bigchalk.com/cgi-bin/WebObjects/WOPortal.woa/Homework/High_School/Reg

59. Bigchalk: HomeworkCentral: Peru (History By Country)
    Looking for the best facts and sites on peru? This HomeworkCentral section focuseson 'history by Country' and 'Modern Nations' and 'history By Period' and  
    http://www.bigchalk.com/cgi-bin/WebObjects/WOPortal.woa/Homework/High_School/His

60. Grupo ProSur - Alpaca Wool Peru - History - A Textile Tradition
    Founded in 1954, our group of companies is proud to follow on the rich textiletraditions developed many centuries ago by the ancient Peruvians.  
    http://www.prosur.com.pe/history.htm
    
    Extractions: Founded in 1954, our group of companies is proud to follow on the rich textile traditions developed many centuries ago by the ancient Peruvians. From the ancestral tradition of hand-sorting alpaca fibres passed on from generation to generation, to the use of the latest texturing technologies, we place this knowledge at your service through the production of the finest quality tops and yarns. Be it in natural or synthetic fibres, you can depend on us for reliability, quality, and unparalleled service. The group maintains several industrial facilities where a range of vertically integrated textile activities takes place. These include: With a combined monthly production of over 600 MT of tops and yarns and annual sales in the order of USD 40'000,000.00, the group destines a substantial proportion of its products to export markets in Europe, Asia, North and South America. The companies maintain a network of agents in over 40 countries throughout the world and provide stock service for particular products in strategic export market locations.

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