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Contents
1 What is Military Intelligence?
3 Military Intelligence in U.S. History
4 The American Revolution: The Roots of U.S. Military Intelligence
6 The Civil War: Intelligence in 19th Century Warfare
10 The Spanish-American War: Global Military Intelligence
12 World War I: Expansion and Contraction
14 World War II: From Failure to Triumph
16 Cold War Dilemmas
18 Challenge and Reorganization: The Rise of DIA
22 A Time of Transition
26 DIA Comes of Age
32 The Post-Cold War Challenge
36 The 21st Century: Combating Terrorism, Providing Relief
40 The Future of Defense Intelligence
41 Directors of DIA
42 The Patriots’ Memorial ... Read more

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Based on recently declassified documents, this book provides the first examination of the Truman Administration’s decision to employ covert operations in the Cold War.

Although covert operations were an integral part of America’s arsenal during the late 1940s and early 1950s, the majority of these operations were ill conceived, unrealistic and ultimately doomed to failure. In this volume, the author looks at three central questions: Why were these types of operations adopted? Why were they conducted in such a haphazard manner? And, why, once it became clear that they were not working, did the administration fail to abandon them?

The book argues that the Truman Administration was unable to reconcile policy, strategy and operations successfully, and to agree on a consistent course of action for waging the Cold War. This ensured that they wasted time and effort, money and manpower on covert operations designed to challenge Soviet hegemony, which had little or no real chance of success.

US Covert Operations and Cold War Strategy will be of great interest to students of US foreign policy, Cold War history, intelligence and international history in general.

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Given U.S. focus on the continuing wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, it is easy to miss that the military does much more than engage in combat. On any given day, military engineers dig wells in East Africa, medical personnel provide vaccinations in Latin America, and special forces mentor militaries in southeast Asia. To address today's security challenges, the military partners with civilian agencies, NGOs, and the private sector both at home and abroad. By doing so, the United States seeks to improve its international image, strengthen the state sovereignty system by training and equipping partners' security forces, prevent localized violence from escalating into regional crises, and protect U.S. national security by addressing underlying conditions that inspire and sustain violent extremism. In "Exporting Security", Derek Reveron provides a comprehensive analysis of the shift in U.S. foreign policy from coercive diplomacy to cooperative military engagement, examines how and why the U.S. military is an effective tool of foreign policy, and explores the methods used to reduce security deficits around the world. ... Read more

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The National Security Agency is the world’s most powerful, most far-reaching espionage. Now with a new afterword describing the security lapses that preceded the attacks of September 11, 2001, Body of Secrets takes us to the inner sanctum of America’s spy world. In the follow-up to his bestselling Puzzle Palace,James Banford reveals the NSA’s hidden role in the most volatile world events of the past, and its desperate scramble to meet the frightening challenges of today and tomorrow.

Here is a scrupulously documented account–much of which is based on unprecedented access to previously undisclosed documents–of the agency’s tireless hunt for intelligence on enemies and allies alike. Body of secrets is a riveting analysis of this most clandestine of agencies, a major work of history and investigative journalism.


From the Trade Paperback edition.Amazon.com Review
Everybody knows about the CIA--the cloak-and-dagger branch of the U.S. government. Many fewer are familiar with the National Security Agency, even though it has been more important to American espionage in recent years than its better-known counterpart. The NSA is responsible for much of the intelligence gathering done via technology such as satellites and the Internet. Its home office in Maryland "contains what is probably the largest body of secrets ever created."

Little was known about the agency's confidential culture until veteran journalist James Bamford blew the lid off in 1982 with his bestseller The Puzzle Palace. Still, much remained in the shadows. In Body of Secrets, Bamford throws much more light on his subject--and he reveals loads of shocking information. The story of the U-2 crisis in 1960 is well known, including President Eisenhower's decision to tell a fib to the public in order to protect a national-security secret. Bamford takes the story a disturbing step forward, showing how Eisenhower "went so far as to order his Cabinet officers to hide his involvement in the scandal even while under oath. At least one Cabinet member directly lied to the committee, a fact known to Eisenhower." Even more worrisome is another revelation, from the Kennedy years: "The Joint Chiefs of Staff drew up and approved plans for what may be the most corrupt plan ever created by the U.S. government. In the name of anticommunism, they proposed launching a secret and bloody war of terrorism against their own country in order to trick the American public into supporting an ill-conceived war they intended to launch against Cuba."

Body of Secrets is an incredible piece of journalism, and it paints a deeply troubling portrait of an agency about which the public knows next to nothing. Fans of The Sword and the Shield will want to read it, as will anybody who is intrigued by conspiracies and real-life spy stories. --John J. Miller ... Read more

Customer Reviews (156)

Clever Disinfo?
I never fully bought into the Operation Northwoods documents. It seems likely that this was planted into the consciousness months before 9/11 to lead people astray as to who was responsible. The actual wording of the document is very strange for a group of Americans. Bamford's book The Shadow Factory was likewise weak. He makes no suggestion that the attack had any non-Arab origins, a position that is just not supportable when the facts are scrutinized. Don't take it seriously, theres a reason that there is almost no solid info on the NSA.

Body of Secrets
Bought this for my Husband and he loved it.He would have rather had a kindle version, but since we only have one and it is MINE.... he settled. [g]It's not a huge book and it's the genre he likes to read.War, military, political, espionage..... It's a "keeper".He'll end up reading it several times, then put it on his library shelf to be picked up and read yet again.
D

Bamford's Trilogy, backwards, from a neophyte's perspective
I started out with The Shadow Factory (SHOWY), then Body of Secrets (BOOTS), and now just finished The Puzzle Palace (ZEPLACE). Now I want a 2008-2009 4th volume.

Just hadda do it--try for those non-acronym, compound-non-acronym, acronym-looking abbreviates the military is so fond of using, which we're awash in in Bamford's books. What's ALLO? Why, All Others. We need pronunciation guidelines for these "handles," AND I think Bamford should adopt the style of appending the acronym/abbreviation/handle in parens after the first reference as in: all others (ALLO, pronounced Al Owe, or whatever. Aloe?).

Awkward sometimes, but a real help to the reader who has to go through one- or two-paragraph thumbnail biographies of the personnel listed in such profusion. (Guy starts in AWS, then 2 years later, SAWSP, then PODUNK, which was changed a month later to HOOPLE, and combined with NAVINT to become NOPE... (I'm making these up; if one could more easily keep them straight, it would be helpful. Of course probably part of the reason for all of these non-clear handles is to keep everyone guessing. But, hopefully, not the National Security Agency folks.

On the other hand, one particularly nifty line Bamford zaps us with is something like: By the end of 19NN, the NSA was at once the most secretive and the most penetrated of our US spy agencies. Whooaaa, mama!! Sounds like a lethal combo, no?

IMHO, SHOWY is the best/easiest read, BOOTS, then ZEPLACE. Bamford's modus presentus has improved over the years. Also, while he covers some of the same ground in Volume 1: ZEPLACE and Volume 2: BOOTS, volume 2 has been much augmented and has been made much easier to read. Wonder if David Kahn would post comments & emendations (Bamford quotes him a good bit--and I had to work with him for several months--he was clearly more interested in his relatively new magazine's copy (Crypto--something) than with Newsday Viewpoints copy, at least that was my experience, as I had to double-check, and sometimes re-edit. {sigh}. But I left him to Lou.

ZEPLACE was 1983, BOOTS, 2001. Bamford lived in Natick, Mass when ZEPLACE was published; Washington, DC when BOOTS was published. I don't have SHOWY--but the paperback copyright page on Amazon says © 2008. I didn't look for the author's blurb, but the dedication changes between ZEPLACE and BOOTS suggest a change in family status as well as residence. I'd put a couple of search terms into the NSA's disk-farm database (was it Total Information Awareness? Thanks In Advance for leaving us Poindexter? At least a British tube-writer made use of TIA in The Last Enemy (which is you, of course. Or me. Or folks who quote from the US Constitution too much, or emails, texts, twitters, searches, too frequently about "rights" or "We the People" + "freedom of speech" + Fourth Ame* OR + 4th."You get the pitcher. I'll mix the Flavor-Ade©.

(Does anyone remember a flyer put out by I think the FBI back in October or so of 2001, from the Arizona, or an Arizona field office that suggested reporting, as "suspicious persons" who could be "preventably detained", folks who did quote the US Constitution, or mention "rights" or "civil rights"?Is that kind of stupidity just built in to human beings in government organizations? Or is it a particularly American habit--try to label all your critics as "terrorists," as "traitors," as "unpatriotic," as "Socialists," or "Atheists"--oops, meant "Godless Death Tax Payers".

And why in the name of all the First-Mover tree-bark that exists do we ordinary folks LISTEN to that stuff? (That 1st mover & tree-bark ref. is to good ol' New England Transcendentalism (which I may have miss-described w/ that bit. No offense intended.)

Having read Body of Secrets (BOOTS) before Puzzle Palace (ZEPLACE), I had a sense of déjà vu (all over again) that hit hardest on the pages about the Israeli Defense Forces (like our own Defense Department, it seems the IDF has always been miss-named; should be the Israeli War Forces (our own DoD started out as the War Department, a much more honest designation than the current one, but people just don't get how important words are in the government game (raison d'être, may be a better phrase--reason for being) of propaganda, disinformation, misinformation, lying, etc.) deliberate attack on the NSA ship, USS Liberty, a "ferret" ship, or COMINT ship, or a ship with lots and lots of antennae, to receive and transmit (one to bounce signals off the moon--that I think that was so cool--imagine dealing with the roll, pitch and yaw of an ocean-located ship-in-perpetual-motion, the craggy surface of the moon, swathed in moon-dust--and getting ANY intelligible "intel" (broadcast signals) from sea to moon to earth--or even to another floating eavesdropping ship--so many variables there that I doubt that ship2moon2ship hop was tried.

So I went back & forth between ZEPLACE and BOOTS. There indeed was the same tale, sometimes in exactly the same words. (Bamford copyrighted his own works, so he can repurpose them all he wants, and to a fare-thee-well, should he so chose).

But I would recommend just starting with BOOTS, and skip ZEPLACE. The USS Liberty story is much augmented in BOOTS, and it hardly matters, in my view, just what all the alphabet soup in ZEPLACE, particularly, the British and US spy outfits had to wade through to get to where they are now.

On the other hand, if you can get through all of the alphabet soup (most of which added little or nothing to my understanding of what the nation's biggest and most richly-'appropriationed' spy outfit does and its impact on our lives today. SHOWY gives the up-to-date and scariest stuff--particularly as to the claim Bamford makes (unless I misread him) that virtually every one of the main fiber optic trunk lines of our US telecom companies has been saddled with a "splitter box" to duplicate every bit, every binary digit, of telecom traffic that goes through those fibers. Since early in 2002. And that it's all whirring about on a 'monongahelous' disk farm down in Texas somewhere.

All that "Intel," ripe from the field-intercept, ready to be harvested by keyword, search-word, "watch-listed" words (like names of people, places & things. As I get it, a so-called "watch list" is nothing more than what you or I type into Google to find stuff, with no doubt lots of bells & whistles from every library system ever conceived and/or built (2 chars within five spaces of..., 3 alpha plus 14 numeric plus 12 alpha strings, all of George Boole's logic operators, and so on.

I may have missed this in BOOTS, but Bamford's narration in ZEPLACE of what the NRO, National Reconnaissance Orifice, actually can do with their satellite farms, can do with them--like notice when a single airplane has veered off course in our own airspace--made me sit up and exclaim: "Aha!! so THAT's why they had to have a mock 'plane-flying-into-the-NRO headquarters on 9/11/2001' fire drill/exercise--to get them all out of the buildings so they couldn't see all those four airplanes go off-course. So much to learn, so little time.

As to who "they" are (in the "they had to" line above, I hazard no guesses. All I want for Christmas is my two-front-toothsome investigations:

1) The REAL 9/11/2001-What Happened facts, and

2) 18 USCode §2441, the US War Crimes Act (to investigate and bring charges in the cases of the 170 or so deaths of prisoners-of-war in US control, probably while undergoing torture under the direction, by daily videoconferences, of our very own National Security Committee, the POTUS, the POTEET ("petite president," or Dark Cheney, Rice, Addington, Wolfowitz, Rumsfeld, Powell?, Libby--dunno of Dick Perle was in on the fun 'n' games), Liz Cheney?, Feith, who-all else? Anyone gotta better list?

read carefully and objectively
I read this book as a person interested in how historical events impacted contract technicians servicing forward agency installations in the early Cold War.I found it quite useful in understanding the historical causes of untreated PTSD such individuals have (I mean how many shrinks are cleared higher than the President?).Whether or not the author realizes it, his historical review highlights the stakes such individuals were playing against, and the length to which such individuals went to protect American freedom and human life; often at great personal sacrifice (not just lives, but family life and lifetimes).The questions one should ask when reading it: "in a poker playing freedom loving nation, how many of our cards should be face up when Armageddon is on the table?""Perhaps the agency has to be secretive to prevent an Orwellian state, not to construct one?Perhaps ongoing investigations (such as say building cases to try Presidents or private companies for treason?)and the origin of the agency in an international and still partly unresolved U.N. Conflict (Korea 1950-1953) are the reason for some of the secrecy? That is, maybe other countries don't want us to let their secrets out and we're bound by treaty not desire to oblige them?The example of operational plans to disembark civilians from dummy planes before running a scam to start a war with Cuba indicate that the Agency places a high value on American life.The fact that the plans weren't implemented also suggests that while such a secretive agency has to have a plan for everything, maybe they keep these plans secret so that people don't reach the wrong conclusions about their use.Read this asking that, maybe the keepers of the keys have greater integrity than people think?

SECRETS REVEALED!
I liked this book very much. It was informative and an exciting to read. The author, James Bamford, covered everything I ever wanted to know about the NSA from its early beginnings, a little politics long the way and some great adventures that raised the hair on the back of my neck. Things like the infamous USS Liberty incident and top-secret Cold War submarine intelligence gathering missions. If you are not familiar with those things, you should definitely read this book. And towards the end he discusses the use of ultra high-tech quantum computers. I didn't even know we had a working quantum computer. Or, what about super computers the size of a suitcase? Now that's cool. Then there's the unbelievable fast Blue Gene computer. If those neat little twenty-first century gadgets don't wet your need to know appetite, I don't know what will. They certainly wet mine. So, to me, this book has it all.

Some people have questioned the accuracy of the material contained in Body of Secrets, and others have criticized it for being too political and for not really containing all that much about the NSA. They blame the author for loading the book with side stories instead of a true and accurate expose of the agency. I wouldn't know, because I don't know that much about the Agency. That's why I rely on books like this to tell me a little about those things. I do know that the NSA is a hyper-secret organization (like they say, NSA means No Such Agency), so how could the author know that much about it anyway? I mean, please, like they're going to tell him all their secrets so that he can tell the world. Not going to happen.

The bottom line is that I thoroughly enjoyed this book and I give it a high recommendation. Read it and make up your own mind about its truthfulness and accuracy.
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On September 22-23, 2009, the National Research Council held a workshop on the field evaluation of behavioral and cognitive sciences--based methods and tools for use in the areas of intelligence and counterintelligence. Broadly speaking, the purpose of the workshop was to discuss the best ways to take methods and tools from behavioral science and apply them to work in intelligence operations. More specifically, the workshop focused on the issue of field evaluation--the testing of these methods and tools in the context in which they will be used in order to determine if they are effective in real-world settings.

This book is a summary and synthesis of the two days of presentations and discussions that took place during the workshop. The workshop participants included invited speakers and experts from a number of areas related to the behavioral sciences and the intelligence community. The discussions covered such ground as the obstacles to field evaluation of behavioral science tools and methods, the importance of field evaluation, and various lessons learned from experience with field evaluation in other areas. ... Read more

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Us Defence Intelligence Agency Handbook (World Business Library) ... Read more

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The U.S. Constitution is designed to distribute power in order to prevent its concentration, and in particular, it draws clear lines between the responsibilities of the military and those of civilian law enforcement. But the new global threat paradigm, requiring responses both abroad and at home, calls out for military andcivilian intelligence gathering to work in tandem. The Civil-Military Divide: Obstacles to the Integration of Intelligence in the United States looks at historic and legal ramifications of such efforts.

Louise Stanton's thought-provoking work sums up the current state of U.S. intelligence gathering at all levels of government. It then looks at the range of recommendations for overhauling our intelligence efforts in the context of the U.S. Constitution to assess what may or may not be constitutionally supportable. At issue are three long-established, often reaffirmed principles: the separation of powers, the federalist system that gives the U.S. government precedence over states, and the separation of the civilian and military sectors.

Product Description
Super Secret Bungling and Crookery assembles the first year or so of the webcomic National Security Drone by Frank Naif. National Security Drone takes on US national security policy, politics, and the media with humor and goofy art. Frank Naif's real-world experience in national security and absurd take on current events give readers an inside glimpse of national security culture. ... Read more

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“The Guys Who Spied for China” is a roman a clef, exposing Chinese Espionage Networks during the eighties and nineties.

It is the quirky story of how two disparate men uncovered an elaborate spy operation that had functioned on American soil for nearly four decades.Through fate and serendipity, Sex, Drugs and Rock and Roll, meets Johnny G Man, a vaunted scientist and the ultimate Cold Warrior.

What they helped unmask was a network of home grown spies in California and throughout the United States.As a result, newspapers ran relentless headlines depicting Chinese Espionage practices in the United States.The year 1985 was pronounced by the news media as “The Year of the Spy.”

“This is a new twist on the spy drama. While providing details of events that were often swept under the rug, this very personal and often darkly humorous tale captures what it feels like to be suddenly thrust into the shadowy world of espionage.You get to feel what it’s like to be there.

The Guys Who Spied for China is set largely in California, in the Santa Monica Mountain Range, just above Beverly Hills.

What’s remarkable is that most of this story is true.
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Customer Reviews (7)

The Guys who Spied for China
The Guys who Spied for China gives you current eventsin a format of a subtle spy thriller. Hereis a plot that is realistically exciting -- as much of it was actual --but without the token schlocky chase scenes, melodrama and hot sex (not that there's anything wrong with it). The story was as much character driven as action driven and the characters were real - not your typical heros or antiheros. The author is straightforward and doesn't pad up the narrative with verbose description - and yet I was able to visualize everything vividly .The subject matteris veryrelevant today. Coincidentally, about a week after I finished reading it, there was a program on 20/20 about this very topic! So this is important stuff of which we should all be aware. The author is extremely well informed and well studied about practically all that matters. In fact, if you want more really good reading, go to his blog ([...])and read the terrific "The Constant Travellers". Read on.

The guy who writes his own reviews.
Don't waste your money or your time on this book.I think all the positive reviews must have been written by the author himself.I could only make it through chapter 4 before tossing the book in the garbage.

Evil Lurking in the Sunshine
Hold onto your seats readers, you are in for a wild ride.An unlikely duo of an urbane, witty writer of the baby boom generation and an aging physically challenged cold warrier team up to uncover a nest of dangerous traitors.

In this Southern California world spying isn't about cloaks and daggers.It is about strip malls, the dentist's office, industrialized neighborhoods decked with razor wire.Hidden away from the perennial sunshine are some truly frightening characters.

People are constantly appearing in different guises.Scientists are actually spies, professors become terrorists, and beautiful women may have steely hearts and ulterior motives.No one can be trusted and our narrator spices the pages with sardonic, irreverant humor.

The theme is timely.This is entertainment on an intelligent, complex level.Don't miss it.

A worthwhile investment for spy fiction fans
A growing power, China has placed eyes all over the world. "The Guys Who Spied for China" tells the story of two gentlemen who uncover the deeper uncover some of these eyes for China in the United States, in their home state of California. Inspired by true events, and colored by author Gordon Basichis' dark humor, "The Guys Who Spied for China" is an intriguing and entertaining read. "The Guys Who Spied for China" is a worthwhile investment for spy fiction fans.

the guys who spied for china
I read this book because I had read the author's two other books. This work was very compelling and seemed to ring true as someone who actually lived the adventure. The jacket says "a lot of this story is true" and I tend to believe it.

It seems a very timely subject matter, given our increasingly close but still guarded and cautious relationship with China.

The book told a good story and was paced very well. It never dragged and always held my interest. The story length also was not overly long and drawn out. I especially appreciated the inside references to the nuts-and-bolts of "on the ground" intelligence gathering. It seems to me the only way someone wold know this type of detail would be to have actually lived it and/or spent huge amounts of time researching his subject matter. ... Read more

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Congressional Research Service Report for Congress

U.S. relations with India depend largely on India’s political leadership. India’s
2004 national elections ended governance by the center-right coalition headed by
Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee and brought in a new center-left coalition led
by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh. Following the upset victory for the
historically-dominant Indian National Congress Party led by Sonia Gandhi, Gandhi
declined the post of Prime Minister in the new left-leaning United Progressive
Alliance (UPA) coalition government, instead nominating her party lieutenant,
Oxford-educated economist Manmohan Singh, for the job. As Finance Minister from
1991-1996, Singh was the architect of major Indian economic reform and
liberalization efforts. On May 22, the widely-esteemed Sikh became India’s firstever
non-Hindu Prime Minister. The defeated Bharatiya Janata Party now sits in
opposition at the national level, led in Parliament by former Deputy Prime Minister
Lal Advani. A coalition of communist parties supports the UPA, but New Delhi’s
economic, foreign, and security policies are not expected to be significantly altered.
The new government has vowed to continue close and positive engagement with the
United States in all areas.

Congressional Research Service

The Congressional Research Service (CRS) serves shared staff to congressional committees and Members of Congress. CRS experts assist at every stage of the legislative process — from the early considerations that precede bill drafting, through committee hearings and floor debate, to the oversight of enacted laws and various agency activities.

CRS's analytic capabilities integrate multiple disciplines and research methodologies. In a fast-paced, ever-changing environment, CRS provides Congress with the vital, analytical support it needs to address the most complex public policy issues facing the nation. Its work incorporates program and legislative expertise, quantitative methodologies, and legal and economic analysis.



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Bioterrorism: Summary of a CRS/National Health Policy Forum Seminar on Federal, State, and Local Public Health Preparedness

Congressional Research Service Report for Congress

The September 11th attack and subsequent intentional release of anthrax spores
via the U.S. postal system have focused policymakers’ attention on the preparedness
and response capability of the nation’s public health system. The anthrax attacks put
a tremendous strain on the U. S. public health infrastructure, an infrastructure that
many experts argue has been weakened by years of neglect and under-funding. To
better understand the preparedness gaps that exist, as well as the disparate functions
and agencies that define public health in this country, the Congressional Research
Service (CRS), in conjunction with George Washington University’s National Health
Policy Forum (NHPF), convened a seminar on October 26, 2001, entitled, The U.S.
Health Care System: Are State and Local Officials Prepared for Bioterrorism? How
Should the Federal Government Assist? This report was supported, in part, by a
grant from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.


Congressional Research Service


The Congressional Research Service (CRS) serves shared staff to congressional committees and Members of Congress. CRS experts assist at every stage of the legislative process — from the early considerations that precede bill drafting, through committee hearings and floor debate, to the oversight of enacted laws and various agency activities.

CRS's analytic capabilities integrate multiple disciplines and research methodologies. In a fast-paced, ever-changing environment, CRS provides Congress with the vital, analytical support it needs to address the most complex public policy issues facing the nation. Its work incorporates program and legislative expertise, quantitative methodologies, and legal and economic analysis.

... Read more

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The Central Intelligence Agency's relative transparency makes it unique among the world's espionage operations. Over the past few decades it has released over 31 million pages of previously classified documents, including, most recently, the so-called Family Jewels, a special collection of records on a series of operations from the 1950s to the 1970s that violated the agency's own legislative charter. Taken together, these papers permit a partial glimpse inside the CIA's clandestine world: how it operates; how it views the outside world; how it gets things right; and, all too often, how it gets them wrong. The documentary selections assembled here, carefully analyzed for content, consistency, and context, guide readers through the CIA's shrouded history and allow readers to sift the evidence for themselves.

The principal theme of this new documentary history of the Central Intelligence Agency is the dilemma of maintaining a secret organization in an open society. A democracy rests on accountability, and accountability requires transparency: the people cannot hold their government to account if they do not know what it is doing in their name. At the same time, an intelligence agency lives in a world of shadows. It cannot function if it is not able to keep its sources, its methods, and many of its operations secret. The resulting tension-and the constant temptation to take advantage of the impunity that secrecy allows-has shaped the CIA's history from its beginnings.

Product Description
TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................. 3
BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE ............................................................................ 7
AUTHORITIES and RECOMMENDATIONS.......................................................................... 7
KEY TERMS............................................................................................................................. 8
THE STUDY RATIONALE..................................................................................................... 10
METHODOLOGY ......................................................................................................... 13
OVERVIEW OF THE RESEARCH PLAN............................................................................. 13
CONDUCTING THE RESEARCH ......................................................................................... 14
MAPPING KSAs to TASKS ................................................................................................ 15
MAPPING COMPETENCIES TO KSAs ............................................................................ 16
MAPPING COMPETENCIES TO TASKS ......................................................................... 17
LITERATURE REVIEW .............................................................................................. 18
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND.............................................................................................. 18
PAST EFFORTS....................................................................................................................... 20
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................ 26
PREPARING THE NOVICE FOR THE JOURNEYMAN ..................................................... 28
PREPARING FOR A CI LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT ROLE .............................. 30
COMMENTARY..................................................................................................................... 31
THE NATIONAL COUNTERINTELLIGENCE INSTITUTE ........................................... 32
LIST OF SOURCES....................................................................................................... 34
APPENDIX 1................................................................................................................... 36
CI JOURNEYMAN INTERVIEW FORMAT......................................................................... 36
CI SUPERVISOR INTERVIEW FORMAT ............................................................................ 37
APPENDIX 2................................................................................................................... 38
JOURNEYMAN UNIVERSAL CI CORE COMPETENCIES ............................................... 38
LEADERSHIP & MANAGEMENT UNIVERSAL CI CORE COMPETENCIES ................ 41
APPENDIX 3................................................................................................................... 44
CORE COMPETENCIES/KSAs – JOURNEYMAN .............................................................. 44
CORE COMPETENCIES/KSAs - LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT........................... 65
UNCLASSIFIED ... Read more

Product Description
Urban operations are highly complex because of the multitudes of people and structures as well as the density of the city's infrastructure.These same features complicate the intelligence and decisionmaking processes associated with military operations at the strategic, operational, and tactical levels of war.Intelligence preparation of the battlefield (IPB), the Army's longstanding methodology for incorporating and analyzing relevant information for all types of operations, is currently not effective for tackling the operational and intelligence challenges of urban operations.This study defines some of the challenges faced by commanders and their staffs when conducting urban IPB.It describes methods that can be incorporated into current IPB to address these problems.Many of the methods and tools introduced seek to analyze the contextual and threat effects posed by civilians on the battlefield.The research suggests ways to categorize the terrain and infrastructure of the urban environment and incorporate this information into planning and decisionmaking processes.The authors make recommendations on how the Army can improve the IPB process to better address the difficulties of conducting operations on urban terrain. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (1)

Better than U.S. Army Doctrine
Should be in the library of every tactical intelligence officer.Although the title suggests it is for urban warfare, this text is perfectly written for the counterinsurgency fight we are currently engaged in.The sad part is that this book discusses and teaches IPB better than the recent editions of U.S. Army doctrinal manuals that are intended to focus on COIN IPB.

My only complaint is that this book (as does Army doctrine) does not go far enough in showing how to develop a course of action that will influence a commander's decision.It discusses some good points, but never moves to the next step and show how to actually display and describe the enemy COA.
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Drawing on the individual and collective experience of recognized intelligence experts and scholars in the field, "Analyzing Intelligence" provides the first comprehensive assessment of the state of intelligence analysis since 9/11. Its in-depth and balanced evaluation of more than fifty years of U.S. analysis includes a critique of why it has under-performed at times. It provides insights regarding the enduring obstacles as well as new challenges of analysis in the post-9/11 world, and suggests innovative ideas for improved analytical methods, training, and structured approaches. The book's six sections present a coherent plan for improving analysis. Early chapters examine how intelligence analysis has evolved since its origins in the mid-20th century, focusing on traditions, culture, successes, and failures.The middle sections examine how analysis supports the most senior national security and military policymakers and strategists, and how analysts must deal with the perennial challenges of collection, politicization, analytical bias, knowledge building and denial and deception.The final sections of the book propose new ways to address enduring issues in warning analysis, methodology (or 'analytical tradecraft') and emerging analytic issues like homeland defense. The book suggests new forms of analytic collaboration in a global intelligence environment, and imperatives for the development of a new profession of intelligence analysis. "Analyzing Intelligence" is written for the national security expert who needs to understand the role of intelligence and its strengths and weaknesses.Practicing and future analysts will also find that its attention to the enduring challenges provides useful lessons-learned to guide their own efforts. The innovations section will provoke senior intelligence managers to consider major changes in the way analysis is currently organized and conducted, and the way that analysts are trained and perform. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (6)

Relatively current, but not the best out there
Well researched, documented, and written works on intelligence analysis are fairly scarce.Although "Analyzing Intelligence" meets these goals, there are other works I would recommend before this one.

Well researched, and thoroughly cited by the intelligence professionals who wrote each essay, it is a collection of essays about intelligence analysis, but more about the circumstances that surround analysts, and approaches to dealing with the challenges that arise in these circumstances.Of the eighteen articles, only three directly addressed analysis, the rest dealt with organizational challenges, the relationship between policy makers and analysts, the management of analysts, and other arcane concerns. This was one of the merits of this book; it brings some of the occult practices of the intelligence world into the light where citizens can gain some insight into processes that determine the fate of our nation.The experiences the authors share give perspectives on historical events that seldom get heard in the mainstream histories and popular accounts.

On the other hand, the authors are mostly CIA (at least 12 out of 18), and all with extensive experience inside the Beltway.Consistently, I got the impression that this work was much more about asserting the superiority of CIA analysts than about nominal subjects of the essays.Sherman Kent And The Board Of National Estimates: Collected Essays did more to impress me with the competence of the CIA than this work, and Richards Heuer's Psychology of Intelligence Analysis was much more informative about the challenges and approaches to addressing those challenges.Several times I got the impression that there was a degree of bitterness; "What I could have done if..." sort of comments.This detracted from the appearence of professionalism in the essays where it appeared.

It is a good work, relatively current (2 years old as I write), and a source of insights into recent history and the dynamics of the intelligence community.The perception of being written by a closed circle and the negative tone distracted and detracted from the tone of the collection though, and makes it difficult for me to recommend it.

E. M. Van Court

Finished Intelligence
The `intelligence' that this book refers to is what was once known as `finished intelligence' that is intelligence designed primarily to inform the President and members of the National Security Council (NSC).It directly supports the executive level formation of national policies relating to national security and foreign affairs. In theory this policy level intelligence is produced by intelligence analysts who combine subject matter knowledge with research and analytic techniques to transform all source information into the most accurate intelligence possible. As the various contributors to this book sometimes make clear this level of intelligence is a matter of probabilities not absolutes.

Because finished intelligence is so closely associated with policy formation, the book includes a variety of thoughts on the relationship between the intelligence analyst and policy makers and national strategists. Since this level of intelligence often requires the analyst to make subjective judgments based on often inconclusive evidence, the book also has useful discussions of the dangers of politicization to sound intelligence products. These two threads appear to run throughout the book and are illustrated in concrete examples that highlight the thin line between informing policy making and politicization.

The first half of this book deals with what are by necessity fairly high level issues that impact the analytic processes, but not necessarily the intelligence analysts except indirectly. The second half of the book is a general, but serious look at the process of analysis and the analysts who execute that process.On this subject Jack Davis and Carmen Medina have some very interesting things to say about the analytic process (and those who execute that process).Also one of the book's editors, James Bruce, makes an observation on the relationship between epistemology and intelligence production. This relationship should be obvious, but until someone like Bruce makes it, the relationship is often ignored.

A good treatment of an important subject, but for details on what a finished intelligence analyst actually does for a living read "Lost Promise" by John Gentry.

Exceptional read
This book was an exceptional read. Each chapter, written by a leader within the community, touches on a critical topic in the field of intelligence analysis. I highly recommend this book for anyone who is serious about broadening their understanding of analysis and ways to improve the discipline.

Of, By, and For USA Status Quo Bubbas--Essential but Very Partial
This is a very fine book, not least because of its inclusion of Jack Davis (search for as well as Carmen Medina (see her presentation to global audience via oss.net/LIBRARY), but in its essentials this is a book of, by, and for the status quo ante bubbas--the American bubbas, I might add.

If you are an analyst or a trainer of analysts or a manager of analysts, this is assuredly essential reading, but it perpetuates my long-standing concerns about American intelligence:

1)Lack of a strategic analytic model (see Earth Intelligence Network)

2)Lack of deep historical and multi-cultural appreciation

3)Lack of a deep understanding and necessary voice on the complete inadequacy of collection sources, the zero presence of processing and lack of desktop analytic tools, and the need for ABSOLUTE devotion to the truth, not--as is still the case, "within the reasonable bounds of dishonesty" aka "slam dunk"

4)Lack of integrity in so many ways, not least of which is the analytic abject acceptance of the false premise that the best intelligence is top secret/sensitive compartmented information--see the online CounterPunch piece on "Intelligence for the President--AND Everyone Else."

Below are ten books I recommend as substantive complements to this book:
The Landscape of History: How Historians Map the Past
Lost History: Contras, Cocaine, the Press & 'Project Truth'
Fog Facts : Searching for Truth in the Land of Spin (Nation Books)
Lost Promise
The Age of Missing Information (Plume)
Informing Statecraft
Bureaucratic Politics And Foreign Policy
A More Secure World: Our Shared Responsibility--Report of the Secretary-General's High-level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change
Legacy of Ashes: The History of the CIA
The Shadow Factory: The Ultra-Secret NSA from 9/11 to the Eavesdropping on America

An impressively articulate and scholarly body of work
Expertly compiled and deftly co-edited by Roger Z. George (a career analyst serving in the CIA, State Department, and Defense Department) and James B. Bruce (a retired career CIA intelligence analyst who served with the National Intelligence council, in the Directorates of Intelligence and Operations, as well as other intelligence community organizations), "Analyzing Intelligence: Origins, Obstacles, And Innovations" is a compilation of informed and informative essays and articles on the subject of intelligence analysis providing academia, professionals, and non-specialist general readers with an interest in the subject with a comprehensive overview of the issues, tools, and resources that American intelligence services and departments have with respect to obtaining and understanding the information that they collect. Beginning with a basic introduction to intelligence analysis by James B. Bruce and Roger Z. George, the knowledgeable contributors cover analytic tradition and history, the role of the analyst, the challenges endemic to intelligence analysis, common problems and concerns associated with intelligence analysis, as well as trends and changes within the field of intelligence analysis. An impressively articulate and scholarly body of work, "Analyzing Intelligence" is especially recommended for academic, governmental, and community library reference collections, and the supplemental reading lists of students, journalists, and interested general readers with an interest in the subject. ... Read more

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During the period of decolonization in Asia and Africa, the United Kingdom faced more insurgent activity than any other Western power. British government officials and military forces proved proficient at defeating or controlling these rebellions. However, these uprisings were much less complex than the modern jihadist insurgency. Past insurgent movements were primarily monolithic or national in form, had very specific local goals, and derived most of their power from the local population. These limitations made past rebellions vulnerable to strong military responses. In contrast, the modern jihadist insurgency is characterized by its complex and global nature. Unlike past insurgent forms that aspired to shape national politics, the jihadist movement espouses larger thematic goals, like overthrowing the global order. The modern jihadist insurgency is also more global in terms of its popular support and operational territory. It makes far better use of communications technology and propaganda to reach the minds and hearts of global audiences. The contemporary international security environment has therefore become a frustrating place for Western powers. Despite great technological and military advances, British and U.S. counterinsurgency (COIN) operations have been slow to respond and adapt to the rise of the global jihadist insurgency. Operational failures in Iraq and Afghanistan have highlighted the need for the West to rethink and retool its current COIN strategy. After analyzing past British COIN experiences and comparing them to the evolving nature of the modern jihadist insurgency, the authors suggest a new framework for future COIN operations. ... Read more

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The National Interest is the premier venue for debate on international affairs. Covering topics as varied as terrorism, nuclear proliferation, energy security and international trade, TNI is regularly read by government officials and members of Congress, key members of the foreign-policy establishment, and prominent academics. A more sophisticated foreign policy starts here.

Culling the right minds on the right topics, The National Interest delivers in-depth and cutting edge analysis of politics, matters of national security and economics. More than just news, TNI is the source for what readers truly need to know to master the issues of the day.

Since 1985: the thinker's guide to foreign policy.

The Kindle Edition of The National Interest includes all essays and book reviews found in the print edition. ... Read more

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This digital document is an article from American Scholar, published by Phi Beta Kappa Society on January 1, 2009. The length of the article is 5474 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: Spies among us: military snooping on civilians, which escalated in the turbulent '60s, never entirely went away and is back again on a much larger scale.(Essay)
Author: Clay Risen
Publication: American Scholar (Magazine/Journal)
Date: January 1, 2009
Publisher: Phi Beta Kappa Society
Volume: 78Issue: 1Page: 49(12)

Article Type: Essay

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We present the narrative of this report and the recommendations
that flow from it to the President of the United States, the United States
Congress, and the American people for their consideration. Ten
Commissioners—five Republicans and five Democrats chosen by elected
leaders from our nation’s capital at a time of great partisan division—have
come together to present this report without dissent.

We have come together with a unity of purpose because our nation
demands it. September 11, 2001,was a day of unprecedented shock and suffering
in the history of the United States.The nation was unprepared. How
did this happen, and how can we avoid such tragedy again?
To answer these questions, the Congress and the President created the
National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States (Public
Law 107-306, November 27, 2002).

Our mandate was sweeping.The law directed us to investigate “facts and
circumstances relating to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001,” including
those relating to intelligence agencies, law enforcement agencies, diplomacy,
immigration issues and border control, the flow of assets to terrorist
organizations, commercial aviation, the role of congressional oversight and
resource allocation, and other areas determined relevant by the Commission.
In pursuing our mandate, we have reviewed more than 2.5 million pages
of documents and interviewed more than 1,200 individuals in ten countries.

This included nearly every senior official from the current and previous
administrations who had responsibility for topics covered in our mandate.
We have sought to be independent, impartial, thorough, and nonpartisan.
From the outset, we have been committed to share as much of our investigation
as we can with the American people.To that end,we held 19 days of
hearings and took public testimony from 160 witnesses. ... Read more