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This is an EXACT reproduction of a book published before 1923. This IS NOT an OCR'd book with strange characters, introduced typographical errors, and jumbled words.This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ... Read more

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A fossil fuel phase-out is transport electrification, decommissioning of operating fossil fuel-fired power plants and prevention of the construction of new fossil-fuel-fired power stations. The purpose of this is to decrease the high concentration of greenhouse gas emissions, which are hypothesized to cause climate change. ... Read more

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The first edition of the book Coal: Typology - Chemistry - Physics - Constitution appeared in 1961. In 1981 a new edition was published in which the text was unaltered proving that after 20 years the book was still considered a standard work in its field. The enormous activities in the 80's in the field of coal conversion processes (especially gasification and
liquefaction) and the equally amazing development of instrumental techniques of observation and analysis prompted a complete revision and update of the book. The present edition contains 1000 pages compared to the 514 pages of its predecessors of 1961 and 1981. The number of illustrations has greatly increased from 253 to 574 and that of the tables from 76 to 208. These figures amply testify to the increase in coal research.

Compared with its former editions, the present book treats a considerable number of new subjects: modern concepts of geotectonics and of organic geochemistry; the problem of pseudohomogeneity of vitrinite; developments of the classification and systematics of coals and coal components (macerals); an exposé on electron microscopy and the most important instrumental physical methods of analysis (FTIR, NMR, ESCA and analytical pyrolysis combined with gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy); the principles of physical-statistical structure analysis based on the concept of additivity of a large number of molar functions; a revision of Seyler's ideas of discrete steps in coalification; an essay on coal fluorescence; and the survey on magnetic properties - magnetic susceptibility and magnetic resonance - is considerably enlarged.A completely new chapter is added on cohesion and adhesion phenomena as found in coals. The chapter on solvent extraction and solubilisation is
significantly enlarged and new concepts are discussed. The actions of hydrogen, molecular oxygen and oxidising agents on coal are updated and a newly written chapter treats the grand processes of coal conversion (combustion, gasification, carbonisation and liquefaction). Coal constitution in its diverse aspects is revised with a practically complete survey of many proposed coal models. Essays on synthetic coal analogues and on the simulation of natural coalification are added. Also new is the compendium, a set of comprehensive tables, containing the most important numerical data of this book in a fully
comparative form.

Every chapter has its own bibliography, divided into general references (leading books on the treated subject) and special references, which are quotations of scientific papers discussed in the text. The extensive subject index, complete index of names and the compendium are provided in order to facilitate usage as an encyclopedic work.
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The Illinois basin coals have a chlorine content which varies from 0.1% to values in excess of 0.5%. The mean chlorine content of the coal being mined is steadily rising. Customers are already expressing some unease and contracts limiting the chlorine content of coal have been reported. This has potentially significant implications for the industry. The object of this Conference was to attempt to quantify the impact of coal chlorine content on a variety of coal-using technologies, and to identify new research which is necessary to allow a rational definition of the limits of chlorine content required for each technology. The distribution of chlorine in the Illinois Basin coals was considered, and the current state of knowledge of the forms in which the chlorine is present in the coal was reviewed. The release of the chlorine from the coal during its processing, and the forms in which it is present in the products was examined. This information permits an assessment of the viability of methods of removing chlorine, either in coal preparation or from the post-processing products.The effect of chlorine on the coal conversion and combustion processes, and on the balance of the plant was reviewed. The most important effects are on the corrosion of construction materials at both high and low temperatures. These proceedings should be of interest to power plant, corrosion, and chemical engineers, and to coal cleaning technologists and researchers. ... Read more

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When the properties of solid coal are compared with those of other common substances, coal seems in many ways unusual and mysterious. For example, almost any set of measurements of coal properties will exhibit time-dependent variation. This dynamic behaviour, commonly referred to as weathering, is known to affect adversely the physical and chemical properties which make coal valuable or desirable as an energy resource or basic material for the chemical industry. This book deals with the molecular-level origins of commonly observed time-dependent variations in the physical properties and chemical constitution of coal which are associated with the weathering process. Primary attention is devoted to the description of what are judged to be among the most important physical phenomena, their conceptual interpretation, and their relationships to various technical aspects of coal utilization, transport, and storage. The text is copiously referenced and indexed so as to make the material as accessible as possible. Chemistry of Coal Weathering is an ideal complement to standard textbooks dealing with coal science and technology, materials science, geochemistry and physical chemistry. ... Read more

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This three-step methodology was developed to provide reliable prediction of coal's behaviour in a utility boiler: Extracting the combustion kinetic model parameters by combining experimental data from a pilot-scale test facility, Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) codes, and an artificial neural network. While the combustion kinetic parameters used in the model code will not correspond to the combustion rate of a single particle of coal, these parameters do describe the combustion behaviour of a 'macroscopic' sample of tested coal; Validation of the combustion kinetic model parameters by comparing diverse experimental data with simulation results calculated with the same set of model parameters; and the model parameters are then used for simulations of full-scale boilers using the same CFD code. For operational engineering information needed by the utility operator, the authors apply the predicted results to EXPERT SYSTEM, a boiler supervision system developed by Israel Electric Corporation (IEC). Four different bituminous and sub-bituminous coals with known behaviour in IEC 550MW opposite-wall and 575MW tangential-fired boilers were used to show the adequacy of the methodology.The predictions are done with the CFD code, GLACIER, propriety of Reaction Engineering International (REI). Preconfigured GLACIER models of the test and full-scale furnaces were purchased from REI and validated by our group. This book includes a detailed description of the methodology, test furnace facility and an example of the experimental and predictive combustion results from the four coals used to test the methodology. In addition, two previously unknown coals are examined prior to their firing in the utility boilers and prediction of their behaviour and operational parameters in the two boilers carried out. ... Read more

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This digital document is an article from OnEarth, published by Thomson Gale on September 22, 2005. The length of the article is 497 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: A climate of change.(global warming, clean energy from coal)(Editorial)
Author: Douglas S. Barasch
Publication: OnEarth (Magazine/Journal)
Date: September 22, 2005
Publisher: Thomson Gale
Volume: 27Issue: 3Page: 3(1)

Article Type: Editorial

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Customer Reviews (1)

makes you go hmm...
was not as infromative as i though it would be. THere is still more to be improved on...how about a new edition? ... Read more

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This book comprehensively and critically reviews the analysis of coal-derived liquids by modern spectroscopic techniques. All the major techniques used in the analysis of coal liquids are included with detailed chapters on mass, infrared, ultraviolet and luminescence, nuclear magnetic resonance, and electron spin resonance spectroscopy. Each method is critically evaluated and the limitations and problems that the complexity of typical coal liquids impose on each technique are discussed. The book also includes a discussion of solvent fractionation, chromatographic separations, and the pyrolysis and hydropyrolysis of coal liquids. A detailed review of the composition of coal liquids from various coal liquefaction processes and a brief introduction to coal science are also included. This is the only comprehensive coverage of the spectroscopic analysis of coal liquids. It also contains a wealth of information on the composition and properties of coal liquids produced from various coal types under a variety of processing conditions. These two features alone should make it essential reading for all professionals involved in liquid fuels research. ... Read more

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This is an OCR edition without illustrations or index. It may have numerous typos or missing text. However, purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original rare book from the publisher's website (GeneralBooksClub.com). You can also preview excerpts of the book there. Purchasers are also entitled to a free trial membership in the General Books Club where they can select from more than a million books without charge. Subjects: Coal preparation; Technology ... Read more

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Developed in honor of the late Peter H. Given, this new volume presents a state-of-the-science review. An international cross-section of leaders in the field offers comprehensive coverage of fundamental research on the world's coals. The authors address the chemistry of coal, with specific emphasis on its geochemistry, macromolecular structure (including the controversial topic of the existence of a "mobile phase" in coal), and aspects of the organic reaction of coals. In addition, various modern instrumental techniques are covered, including NMR, mass spectrometry, FTIR, electron microscopy, and gas chromatography. ... Read more