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This digital document is an article from Mississippi Business Journal, published by Venture Publications on March 3, 2003. The length of the article is 1798 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: Weyerhaeuser's forests meet SFI. (Strictly Business).(fulfills Sustainable Forestry Initiative standard)
Author: Wally Northway
Publication: Mississippi Business Journal (Magazine/Journal)
Date: March 3, 2003
Publisher: Venture Publications
Volume: 25Issue: 9Page: 19(1)

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In the recent past , Climate Change has changed the interactions between humans and forests.Due to climate change the poor communities are now looking atforests as their only means of survival. Human activity in the form of deforestation and forest degradation are the primary drivers of carbon emissions from forests.Globally , forests have come into focus as one of the means to mitigate Climate Change. With the increasing population especially in developing countries, there is now limited land for agriculture and plantation forestry.The poor farmers would prefer to use their land for food security and income. The best way to encourage farmers to plant more trees is to encourage them to plant trees that provide multiple benefits through adoption of Agro-forestry practices. This book elaborates on the field experiences on Agro-forestry and sustainable land management in the poor rural communities. It also elaborates on the socio-economic factors that affect the adoption of Agro-forestry in the rural communities. This book will provide valuable information for social Scientists, lecturers at Universities and colleges, social science and ecology students and Extension workers. ... Read more

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The Menominee Tribe has lived in northeast Wisconsin and on Michigan's Upper Peninsula for generations, where ancestral tribal lands once encompassed more than 10 million acres. Following several treaties and land cessions, the Menominee people established a Reservation in 1854 totaling 235,000 acres of predominantly timber land. Since then, the backbone to the economy of the Menominee Nation has been its forests and the industry surrounding the sustainable management of that resource.

The Menominee Tribal Enterprises (MTE) has been an engine of the Menominee economy over the last 140 years and, within the last 30 years, has pioneered the implementation of sustainable forest management (SFM) throughout the Menominee Forest.

Today, the Menominees remain the only Native American tribe to have their forestlands independently certified as being sustainably managed. They are also the only forestlands operation in the United States and Canada that holds dual environmental certification from both the Forest Stewardship Council-approved SmartWood and Scientific Certification Systems (SCS).

The concepts of sustainability in forest ecosystems and surrounding the communities that the Menominee have practiced for so many years include three components of a sustainable forest system:

1. The forest must be sustainable for future generations.
2. The forest must be cared for properly to provide for the many varying needs of people over time.
3. All the pieces of the forest must be maintained for diversity.

MTE’s forest management choices may not apply to all forest products concerns. MTE’s management and decision-making structure does not appear to be well suited to the management of larger private forestry operations in North America and Europe. It could, however, be applicable to forest businesses owned and/or operated by other tribal or native entities throughout North and South America, and smaller privately-owned forest products concerns worldwide. Equally important, MTE's process of managing tribal forests and the techniques it uses may be well suited for managers of public forestland throughout the world, especially those required to balance the multiple use of forests and deal with the issues of community and public stakeholder trust in the management of the forests. ... Read more

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This digital document is a journal article from Ecological Economics, published by Elsevier in 2006. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

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Some ecological economists have advocated participatory decision methods, in which people act as citizens rather than consumers, as an epistemologically preferable alternative to a price-based valuation approach for determining the disposition of ecosystems. Q method is a research technique advocated by proponents of discursive democracy to assess the self described attitudes of participants in discourse around a particular topic. Techniques that attempt to discern public values around ecological systems without imposing contrived (e.g. only monetary) or unintentionally biased frameworks can be seen as advancing ecological economics as a post-normal science. Understanding the attitudes of groups involved in conflict over ecosystem use is crucial for designing policies that have a chance of being implemented, as well as being equitable and sustainable. Thus, the use of Q method is an essential step for supporting successful public participation in decisions affecting ecosystem sustainability. This paper reports the results of a Q study designed to ascertain: (1) the potential to find a common basis for cooperation among groups with a long history of conflict over forest management issues in the Pacific Northwest of the United States; and (2) the extent to which current science pertaining to sustainable forest ecosystem management is commonly understood among these same actors. Participants were asked to rank 64 statements about forest management in the region, including definitions of sustainable forestry, on a scale of +4 (strongly agree) to -4 (strongly disagree). Thirty people with a wide variety of backgrounds and experience with forest issues performed this ''Q sort'' and then were interviewed to provide context for their answers. The individual Q sorts were correlated and factor analyzed to derive ideal discourse types. Three distinct discourses about sustainable forestry emerged from the factor analysis. Results indicate a strong desire across stakeholder groups to engage in participatory decision-making with people from all sides of the issues. There also appears to be a lack of consensus about the exact meaning of sustainable forestry and a lack of familiarity with scientific concepts of ecosystem resilience among some groups. Recommendations for additional ways in which Q method can be applied by ecological economists as a practical means of advancing the field as a post-normal science are described in the concluding section. ... Read more

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English/Spanish. "The Río Cóndor project provides us with a magnificent example of sound conservation linked with sustainable economic activities. The Chilean scientists who worked out and executed the research plan for an ecologically sustainable project are to be congratulated on their success, presented so well in this outstanding volume. The willingness of the scientists to cooperate with landowners and vice versa, has enabled these scientists to lay down the principles that subsequently led to the creation of some of the most significant permanent virgin forest reserves in southern South America, as well as the protection of an important extension of unique subantarctic wetlands and several other critical vegetation types - global treasures of biodiversity, and a collaborative effort that all of humanity will come to appreciate." ~~ Peter H. Raven, Director, Missouri Botanical Garden ... Read more

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This digital document is a journal article from Forest Policy and Economics, published by Elsevier in 2005. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

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The paper addresses the problem of the choice of policy instruments for sustainability in a privately operated forestry industry. Sustainable forestry affects many aspects of operations. Sustainability conditions are exogenous to project appraisal and should appear as constraints on project design. As applications of broader policies, sustainability requirements do not possess a monetary value independently of the policy they are derived from. Efficient instrument choice entails a trade-off between control and compliance costs. Marketable instruments are unlikely to be efficient in forestry. Where policy failure results in irreversible effects, the Polluter Pays Principle should not be applied. Efficient instrument choice in the presence of irreversibility requires that the agent be rewarded for contributions to achieving the policy objective. ... Read more

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We changed our attitudes, we listened, we learned, we cooperated, and we took the initiative. - Granqvist, supervising forester, STOR.

Over the past ten years, Swedish forest products giant STORA has transformed its forest management to implement and verify a commitment to sustainable forestry. The company has hired a staff ecologist, implemented ecological landscape planning, brought local environmentalists into its management planning, retrained its workforce, and adopted new forest conservation measures. Most recently, STORA became Europe's first major timber company to have a large block of its forests certified by a third party as sustainably managed.

Headquartered in Falun, Sweden, STORA is one of the largest forest products companies in the world with 1996 sales of $5.9 billion. The company ranks fifth worldwide in paper and board production, producing 1.9% of the world's production compared to 3.2% for industry leader, International Paper Co. STORA sells primarily paper products, but also runs four sawmills and is involved in power production, banking, and associated financial operations. The company owns a total of 2.3 million hectares of forest, primarily in Sweden, but it has holdings in Portugal and Canada, as well.

In 1996 STORA became one of the first large commercial forestry operations in the world to attain third-party certification. The Forest Stewardship Council (FSC), the oldest and most credible certification system with environmentalists, certified STORA's holding in the Ludvika district. STORA's size and its importance in the global forest products industry makes its actions a milestone in the development of sustainable forestry. As STORA's evolution toward sustainable forestry indicates, certification has already become a strategic consideration for some forward-looking companies. ... Read more

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This volume comprises a selection of original contributionspresented at a workshop held in Montpellier, France, in June 1997. Thetwo main objectives of the workshop were, firstly, to bring togetherwhat is understood about the processes underlying agroforestrypractice, and, secondly, to provide a forum to explore relevant modelsand modelling approaches. The workshop was also able to play a role inexamining the agroforestry systems encountered in temperate andMediterranean areas, including both traditional and more innovativeagroforestry practices. The main aspects discussed were: ecologicalinteractions amongst components, environmental impact, economics andpolicy modelling. ... Read more

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This case study supports the concept that sustainable forestry is a process of adaptive leaarning that depends upon spontaneous innovation, investment, and institutional reform. ... Read more

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Since the U.S. Congress passed the Endangered Species Act in 1973, and subsequently listed the spotted owl as an endangered species in 1990, the debate over the appropriate management of public and private forests has continued at a fevered pitch in the Pacific Northwest. The listing of the spotted owl has led to the loss of tens of thousands of jobs in the logging and forest products industry, which has leveled a heavy toll on many rural communities in Oregon, Washington, and California that have relied for decades on a robust forest products industry to sustain their economies. In 1992 in Oregon, for example, the wood products industry was nine times greater as a share of the total Oregon economy than the industry was as a share of the total U.S. economy. While heated debate in the press and at the grassroots levels continues surrounding these issues, many remain unaware of a fundamental shift toward value-added manufacturing that has occurred in the region's forest products industry.

Since the late 1980s, employment in the secondary wood products industry in Oregon has increased from 27% to 40% of the total forest products workforce in 1995, according to the Oregon Employment Division. Total employment in Oregon for logging operations, sawmills, and veneer and plywood operations dropped between 1990-95, losing over 13,000 jobs. In contrast, the value-added and secondary wood products industry ? furniture, millwork, cabinetry, and the like ? actually generated 11% more jobs during that same period and outnumbered total employment opportunities by a 2:1 margin for sawmills, veneer, and plywood operations, and a 3:1 margin for logging operations. By 1995, the percentage growth rate for value-added wood production in Oregon outpaced the percentage growth rate of all other industry sectors in the state, including the burgeoning high-tech and electronics industry.

Although an apparent surprise to economists tracking the economic impacts of harvest restrictions in the Pacific Northwest, the growth of the secondary wood products industry has proven to be a stabilizing influence to the overall Oregon economy. It has done so by focusing on making more product out of existing, or in many cases less, resource. In effect, the mandated harvest restrictions provided a unique "two-by-four" incentive to the industry to figure out how to maximize production with available resources. The results were surprising.

Research by the Oregon Wood Products Competitiveness Corporation has documented that for every one million board feet of wood being processed into commodity lumber, on the average only three full-time, family-wage jobs are created. Full-time, family-wage jobs are year round positions that provide industry-competitive wage rates with benefits. If that same one million board feet in lumber were processed into component parts such as furniture blanks or table turnings, an additional twenty full-time, family-wage jobs could be created. And if that same one million board feet of wood represented in component parts were then processed into quality furniture for consumer use, another eighty full-time, family-wage jobs could be created.

Even so, industry adaptation to more value-added wood product manufacturing has been slow. Citing, in part, the difficulties in changing an industry culture and mind-set, Oregon's Wood Products Competitiveness Corporation determined in 1995 that less than 20% of the log volume harvested just in the central Oregon region alone found its way to secondary manufacturers in the Northwest. Eighty percent of the total lumber volume (approximately 1.8 billion board feet of timber) was processed into value-added product outside the western region. This equated to between 4,000 and 25,000 missed job opportunities for the region because commodity lumber was redirected elsewhere.

Increasing value-added wood product manufacturing in forest communities throughout the world may be as critical for achieving sustainable forestry as implementing new forest management practices. Making more with less, maximizing on the resources sustainably harvested, and converting wood waste into wood profits and full-time, family-wage jobs are all fundamental components of value-added wood processing. They provide the framework for achieving sustainable forestry and sustainable community development.

Parsons Pine Products, located in Ashland, Oregon, a small community of 14,000 people based in the heart of spotted owl territory, has been a pioneer and a leading advocate of value-added wood processing for the last fifty years. Once considered, by many in the industry, a maverick operation that often challenged traditional production assumptions and standard lumber grading rules, today Parsons Pine Products has emerged as a unique example of sustainable forest practices that turn "trash" boards into cash rewards. Its experiences in sustainable forest management SFM can be instructive for an industry in transition. ... Read more

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This digital document is an article from Canada and the World Backgrounder, published by Taylor Publishing Consultants Ltd. on October 1, 1995. The length of the article is 1710 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: Nature's air conditioners. (trees supply needed oxygen; deforestation around the world could threaten ecological balance)(Sustainable Development - Forestry)
Publication: Canada and the World Backgrounder (Magazine/Journal)
Date: October 1, 1995
Publisher: Taylor Publishing Consultants Ltd.
Volume: v61Issue: n2Page: p19(1)

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When business leaders, government officials, and other stakeholders come to the table in an environmental, health, or safety dispute, acrimony often results, leading to expensive and time-consuming litigation. Not only does this waste precious resources, but rarely does the process produce the best outcome for any of the parties involved.

For the past five years, the authors of this volume have conducted semi-annual seminars at the Massachussetts Institute of Technology and at Harvard to provide business leaders and regulators with the knowledge and skills they need to more effectively handle environmental, health, and safety negotiations. Their strategy, known as the "mutual gains approach," is a proven method of producing fairer, more efficient, more stable, and wiser results. Negotiating Environmental, Health, and Safety Agreements provides the first comprehensive introduction to this widely practiced and highly effective approach to environmental regulation.

The book begins with an overview of the mutual gains approach, introducing important concepts and ideas from negotiation theory as well as the theory and practice of mediation. The authors then offer five model negotiations from their MIT-Harvard Public Disputes seminar, followed by a series of real-world negotiated environmental agreements that illustrate the kinds of outcomes possible when the mutual gains approach is employed. A collection of writings by leading experts provide valuable insights into the process, and appendixes offer both instructions for conducting model negotiation sessions and analysis of actual game results from earlier seminars.

This is the only prescriptive text available for the many regulatees and regulators involved in environmental regulatory negotiations each year. Anyone involved with environmental negotiation-including corporate and public sector managers, students of environmental policy, environmental management, and business management-will find the book an essential resource. ... Read more