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Concurrent Constraint Programming introduces a new and rich class of programming languages based on the notion of computing with partial information, or constraints, that synthesize and extend work on concurrent logic programming and that offer a promising approach for treating thorny issues in the semantics of concurrent, nondeterministic programming languages.Saraswat develops an elegant and semantically tractable framework for computing with constraints, emphasizing their importance for communication and control in concurrent, programming languages. He describes the basic paradigm, illustrates its structure, discusses various augmentations, gives a simple implementation of a concrete language, and specifies its connections with other formalisms.In this framework, concurrently executing agents communicate by placing and checking constraints on shared variables in a common store. The major form of concurrency control in the system is through the operations of Atomic Tell - an agent may instantaneously place constraints only if they are consistent with constraints that have already been placed - and Blocking Ask - an agent must block when it checks a constraint that is not yet known to hold. Other operations at a finer granularity of atomicity are also presented.Saraswat introduces and develops the concurrent constraint family of programming languages based on these ideas, shows how various constraint systems can naturally realize data structures common in computer science, and presents a formal operational semantics for many languages in the concurrent constraint family. In addition, he provides a concrete realization of the paradigm on a sequential machine by presenting a compiler for the concurrent constraint language Herbrand and demonstrates a number of constraint-based concurrent programming techniques that lead to novel presentations of algorithms for many concurrent programming problems.Vijay A. Saraswat is Member of the Research Staff at Xerox Palo Alto Research Center. ... Read more

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This book presents a new concurrent logic programminglanguage called Conclog and a methodology for programming init.Conclog was designed bytaking the ideal features of logicprogramming as reference, rather than by concentratingdirectly on operational tricks to ensure efficiency.Thisleads to quite easy declarative programming. Concern forsoundness and completeness ensures that multi-directionaland multi-solution correctprocedures can be coded quitestraightforwardly. Assuming suitablehypotheses on theiruses, they can be transformed into very efficient versionsthanks to the introduction of appropriate controlinformation. Correctness-preserving properties are given forthat purpose.The designof Conclog involves three steps. First, a soundand complete parallel execution model of Horn clauseprograms is proposed which reduces subgoalsof conjunctionsindependently and uses a calculus for reconcilinginconsistent bindings. Second, this is extended tohandlenegation as completely as possible. Third, a minimal andreasonably complete set of extra-logical features aredefined for optimization and practical purposes.The second part of the book presents a methodology forconstructing Conclog in a rigorous way. This covers theentire programming process, from informal specifications vialogicdescriptions to efficient programs. The methodologycan be adapted to other languages. ... Read more

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A practical introduction to the techniques and algorithms of concurrent programming. Low-level methods commonly used in existing real-time software are covered first, followed by more sophisticated high-level techniques that are increasingly being applied to real-time and parallel systems. Covers a large number of algorithms and a wide variety of concurrency mechanisms and languages. ... Read more

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The concept of concurrency presents a real difficulty to many programmers. In this book Dr Burns introduces the topic and shows how the Ada programming language, which had as a main design specification that it should contain the features necessary for concurrent programming, deals with it. The need to produce software that models inherent parallelism is important in many applications, including embedded real time systems, process control and general purpose multi-processor system software. Although for many other applications of Ada, knowledge of the Tasking Model is not necessary the full power of the language can only really be obtained if this model is understood. ... Read more

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This book is an accessible introduction to the theory and practice of concurrent programming and addresses problems of the sort where several simultaneous activities compete for limited resources. Exposition is supported by realistic examples. Techniques developed include locks, semaphores, monitors, and rendez-vous. Three languages especially adapted to concurrent programming--Portal, Modula-2, Ada--are used throughout, and their relative advantages and disadvantages discussed. Contains a program for a substantial problem--the control of a digital clock and chronometer is developed in full detail in each of the three languages. Includes numerous examples. ... Read more

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This book provides a hands-on introduction to concurrent programming principles and techniques. Pascal FC (Functionally Concurrent), a teaching version of the Pascal language available from the authors, is used to illustrate the main techniques used in the concurrency models. Once programmers have grasped the concepts, a smooth transition is made to more advanced theoretical material. ... Read more

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Concurrent constraint programming (ccp) is a recent development in programming language design. Its central contribution is the notion of partial information provided by a shared constraint store. This constraint store serves as a communication medium between concurrent threads of control and as a vehicle for their synchronization.Objects for Concurrent Constraint Programming analyzes the possibility of supporting object-oriented programming in ccp. Starting from established approaches, the book covers various object models and discusses their properties. Small Oz, a sublanguage of the ccp language Oz, is used as a model language for this analysis. This book presents a general-purpose object system for Small Oz and describes its implementation and expressivity for concurrent computation.Objects for Concurrent Constraint Programming is written for programming language researchers with an interest in programming language aspects of concurrency, object-oriented programming, or constraint programming. Programming language implementors will benefit from the rigorous treatment of the efficient implementation of Small Oz. Oz programmers will get a first-hand view of the design decisions that lie behind the Oz object system. ... Read more

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This book deals with a major theme of the Japanese Fifth Generation Project, which emphasizes logic programming, parallelism, and distributed systems. It presents a collection of tutorials and research papers on a new programming and design methodology in which the system to be constructed is modeled as a collection of abstract entities called "objects" and concurrent messages passing among objects. This methodology is particularly powerful in exploiting as well as harnessing the parallelism that is naturally found in problem domains.The book includes several proposals for programming languages that support this methodology, as well as the applications of object-oriented concurrent programming to such diverse areas as artificial intelligence, software engineering, music synthesis, office information systems, and system programming. It is the first compilation of research results in this rapidly emerging area.Contents: Concurrent Programming Using Actors. Concurrent Object-Oriented Programming in Act-1. Modelling and Programming in a Concurrent Object-Oriented Language, ABCL/1. Concurrent Programming in ConcurrentSmallTalk. Orient84K: An Object-Oriented Concurrent Programming Language for Knowledge Representation. POOL-T: A Parallel Object-Oriented Programming Language. Concurrent Strategy Execution in Omega. The Formes System: A Musical Application of Object-Oriented Concurrent Programming. Distributed Problem Solving in ABCL/1.The contributors are Gul Agha (MIT), Pierre America (Phillips Research Laboratory, Eindhoven), Giuseppe Attardi (DELPHI SpA), Jean Pierre Briot (IRCAM, Paris), Pierre Cointe (IRCAM, Paris), Carl Hewitt (MIT), Yutaka Ishikawa (Keio University), Henry Lieberman (MIT), Etsuya Shibayama (Tokyo Institute of Technology), Mario Tokoro (Keio University), Yasuhiko Yokote (Keio University), and Akinori Yonezawa (Tokyo Institute of Technology).Object-Oriented Concurrent Programming is included in The MIT Press Series in Artificial Intelligence, edited by Patrick Henry Winston and Michael Brady. ... Read more

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This monograph is a comprehensive study of the design, application and implementation of Pandora, a new parallel logic programming language. Pandora combines stream and-parallelism with don't-know non-determinism in a unified and efficient manner. As a result, it provides a programming paradigm of non-deterministic concurrent communicating processes, which opens up interesting application areas that cannot conveniently be expressed in existing logic programming languages. The author describes the use of Pandora for constraint programming, solving resource allocation problems, heuristic search, and distributed discrete event simulation. The final chapters describe in detail the implementation of Pandora on single- as well as multi-processor architectures. The volume is aimed at the community of logic programming students and professionals, as well as researchers and professionals in artificial intelligence. It will also be of great interest to researchers in programming language design and parallel processing. ... Read more

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An essential reader containing 19 important papers on the invention and early development of concurrent programming and its relevance to computer science and computer engineering. All of them are written by the pioneers in concurrent programming, including Brinch Hansen himself, and have introductions added that summarize the papers and put them in perspective. The editor provides an overview chapter and neatly places all developments in perspective with chapter introductions and expository apparatus. Essential resource for graduates, professionals, and researchers in CS with an interest in concurrent programming principles. A familiarity with operating system principles is assumed. ... Read more

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As the awareness of resource sharing and cooperation has increased, concurrent information processing and computing have gained unprecedented attention. The current volume presents state-of-the-art results in this field. This volume includes 12 invited papers and 16 accepted papers that cover a representative set of topics. Three main streams with important and original contributions can be identified: these are cluster and grid computing, wireless networking and computing, and modeling distributed systems. Key aspects of concurrent computing, such as modeling, scheduling, load balancing, and resource allocation, span all streams. Additionally, some papers showcase applications, (e.g., state analysis in electrical circuits, the problem of network maximum flow, infection simulation and evolutionary algorithms), that are eminently suited for (and require) high-performance concurrent computing. Regarding cluster and grid computing -- architectural aspects such as SMPs administration, building fault tolerance in DSM and message passing systems, resource management/scheduling, and load balancing are presented. Four papers deal with diverse aspects of wireless networks, from modeling communication among mobile entities, to routing, naming systems and multimedia streaming.

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This volume presents the proceedings of the First International Workshop on Theory and Practice of Parallel Programming, TPPP '94, held in Sendai, Japan in November 1994. Besides 9 full paper versions of the invited talks by prominent speakers, 15 revised contributed papers were selected for inclusion in this volume. TPPP '94 focused on theoretical foundations of parallel languages and parallel programming, related implementation issues, and practical applications. Among the topics covered are models of computation, logic, proof, specification of programs, semantics of languages, implementation of languages and systems, and architectural support for parallellism and massively parallel computation. ... Read more

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This book investigates how transactions can be integrated with concurrent object-oriented programming, and how transactions can be made available to an application programmer at the programming language level.
The book gives a detailed overview of existing transaction models, and analyzes their suitability for concurrent programming languages. A new transaction model named "Open Multithreaded Transactions" is presented. It provides features for controlling and structuring not only access to objects, as usual in transaction systems, but also threads taking part in transactions. Integration with exception handling makes open multithreaded transactions ideal building blocks for fault-tolerant applications.
The book also describes the design of an object-oriented framework providing the necessary run-time support for open multithreaded transactions. Procedural, object-oriented and aspect-oriented interfaces for the application programmer are presented. Programming examples include code in Ada, Java and AspectJ. ... Read more