Vertebrate Fossils In Kentucky Fossils thought to be dinosaur teeth generally are horn corals or some fishes EarlyVertebrates fish; University of California Museum of paleontology; http://www.uky.edu/KGS/coal/webfossl/pages/vertes.htm
Extractions: Vertebrates (or Craniata) include the well-known animals such as fish (Pisces), amphibians (Amphibia), reptiles (Reptilia), dinosaurs (Dinosauria, usually included in the Reptilia), birds (Aves, sometimes classed as feathered Reptiles or Dinosaurs), and mammals, including humans (Mammalia). Fossils of all these groups have been found in Kentucky except for the dinosaurs, which have the potential to be found in far western Kentucky, although none have been found to date. The common feature of vertebrate animals is that they have a spinal column and associated vertebrae. In some animals, like sharks, the vertebrae are composed of cartilage. In other animals, like mammals and reptiles, vertebrae are composed of bone. Bones can be fossilized; cartilage is generally not fossilized. Vertebrate fossils are rare in Kentucky. Most reported fossils that look like bones, claws, or teeth, are actually fossils of other types of animals or are pseudofossils. Pseudofossils are rocks that look like fossils, but are not fossils. If you think you have found a fossil bone, look at the Recognizing fossil bones section first. Look at the criteria for identifying fossil bones, and see if the fossil you have looks like the fossils shown to determine if it is actually a bone or not. If after comparing your fossil to the other fossils, it appears that your fossil may be a fossil bone, try to match it to the fossils shown below in Vertebrate fossils found in Kentucky. If you have found a fossil bone in Kentucky, please call the Kentucky Geological Survey (859) 257-5500, so that we can document and verify the find.
Devonian Age In Kentucky found in Kentucky include sponges (Porifera), corals (Cnidaria), bryozoans is shownchasing smaller fish in the of California Museum of paleontology; Falls of http://www.uky.edu/KGS/coal/webfossl/pages/devonian.htm
Extractions: Devonian rocks are exposed at the surface in the Knobs Region, which rings the Blue Grass Region. Devonian rocks are absent in the Blue Grass Region, but occur below the surface in other areas of Kentucky. During most of the Devonian, Kentucky was covered by shallow tropical seas, although some very low lands may have been emergent at times in central Kentucky. During the later part of the Devonian, deep seas covered Kentucky, and the water was poorly oxygenated at depth. Dark organic-rich muds were deposited, producing the Devonian black shales in Kentucky, which contain oil shales and are a potential source for a variety of fossil fuels. Much of the oil and gas found in Kentucky originally came from these Devonian black shales.
Selected Bibliography On Corals & Storms Effects of Hurricane Allen on reef fish assemblages near delayed mortality in hurricanedamagedJamaican staghorn corals. Journal of paleontology 67 798-815. http://www.coral.noaa.gov/bib/storms.html
Geology Resources On The World-Wide Web Rugose and Tabulate corals University of Newcastle; Society of Vertebrate paleontology;Vertebrate Bibliography SVP fish and Amphibians Mesozoic Fossil fish http://www.utpb.edu/scimath/schafersman/resources/
Exhibition THE HALL OF GEOLOGY AND paleontology In the display include echinoderms, arthropods,brachiopods, corals, cephalopods, fish, foraminifers, sponges http://www.hamshahri.org/musiems/daarabad/e-exhibiti/right-ex.htm
Background Information clams, ammonoids, crinoids, echinoids, ostracodes, fish, tracks of bryozoans, clams,snails, corals, sponges, algal that the Page paleontology Science Center http://www.lakepowell.net/sciencecenter/background.htm
Extractions: The concept of the Page Paleontological Science Center has evolved around a number of independent factors: Our unique geologic setting and the attendant huge natural resource of paleontological specimens (many of which have yet to be discovered, excavated and analyzed). The City of Page looking to expand its economic base which has traditionally relied upon water-based recreation and tourism associated with warm water and air temperatures. An increasingly sophisticated tourism market that seeks out educational travel and adventure experiences. Changing and emerging economic forces coined popularly the "New Economy" where communities such as Page are being challenged to evaluate their community's proper niche from a regional perspective, to explore new ideas and opportunities, to establish regional networks / forums and to create a more "creative community" critical to success in the New Economy. Media-hype surrounding new paleontological finds around the region and the world.
THE FOSSILS OF ANZA-BORREGO DESERT STATE PARK® to understanding this prehistoric scene is paleontology, the study a variety of clams,snails, crabs, and corals The remains of fish, walrus, baleen whales and http://www.anzaborrego.statepark.org/fossils.html
Extractions: Colorado Desert District When most visitors think of Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, located in southern California's Colorado Desert, they usually envision wild flowers, bighorn sheep, or vast arid landscapes framed by rugged mountains. Few realize that the eroded badlands of Anza-Borrego provide a contrasting view, a window into the region's vanished past. The Park was not always the arid desert we experience today. The key to understanding this prehistoric scene is paleontology, the study of the fossilized remains of ancient life. And, Anza-Borrego has an exceptional fossil record. Over 500 different types of organisms have been identified, ranging form microscopic plant pollen and spores to the largest of mammoth elephants . Not only are the bones and teeth of long extinct animals preserved, but in some places, also their tracks. The Salton Trough, a geologically active rift valley, which bounds the eastern edge of the Park once held a northward extension of the Sea of Cortez. Sediments laid down 5 million years ago in these warm clear tropical waters, now yield the preserved shells of a variety of clams , snails, crabs, and corals . These organisms have ties with the Caribbean Sea, and record a time before the Isthmus of Panama had formed. The remains of fish, walrus, baleen whales and even sea cows help us to more fully picture this long extinct marine ecosystem.
Awesome Library - Science 501; Echinoderms (University of California, Berkeley - Museum of paleontology)Provides pictures and descriptions fish Near corals (Thinkquest) Provides http://www.awesomelibrary.org/Classroom/Science/Biology/Fish_and_Ocean_Creatures
Our Hoosier State Beneath Us: Paleontology paleontology. in Indiana Conodonts Micro fossils of distinction corals Reef builders rocksSpoonbill (polydon spathula) Primitive Hoosier fish The starfish http://www.indiana.edu/~librcsd/etext/hoosier/pa.html
Paleontology - KS-Cyclopedia - 1912 The study of paleontology is closely allied with that of The fossil corals of Kansasare of the reefbuilding One species of this fish has been found in the http://skyways.lib.ks.us/genweb/archives/1912/p/paleontology.html
Extractions: Transcribed from volume II of Kansas: a cyclopedia of state history, embracing events, institutions, industries, counties, cities, towns, prominent persons, etc. ... / with a supplementary volume devoted to selected personal history and reminiscence. Standard Pub. Co. Chicago : 1912. 3 v. in 4. : front., ill., ports.; 28 cm. Vols. I-II edited by Frank W. Blackmar. Transcribed July 2002 by Carolyn Ward. Paleontology , the science of the ancient life that inhabited the earth, is the foundation upon which the geological history of the earth in a great part rests. By the aid of fossils, the remains of ancient life, the succession of rocks, their distribution and relations are determined. Kansas is famous as a region for fossils, and within the boundaries of the state varied and remarkable fossil records have been found. Accord ing to Zittel, the study of paleontology is carried on by means of fossils which are "all remains or traces of plants and animals which have lived before the beginning of the present geological period, and have been preserved in rocks." The earliest work with regard to fossils in Kansas was done in the western part of the state. The first person to make any systematic collection was the late Prof. B. F. Mudge, professor of geology at the Kansas State Agricultural College, who headed an expedition up the Republican and Solomon rivers in 1870. In Kansas the upper Cretaceous has been divided into the Fort Pierre, subdivided into Arickaree shales and Lisbon shales; Niobrara, subdivided into Peteranodon beds and Fort Hayes beds; Benton, subdivided into the upper and lower group; Dakota; Comanche; red beds and Permian. The richest fossil fields are found in the chalk beds of Rush county, the Niobrara chalk of Trego county and of Plumb creek, and the Fort Hayes beds of the Smoky Hill river in Gove county.
Paleontology Links At Dordt College paleontology newsgroup (bit noisy) Reefgroup Stuttgart Homepage Virtual SilurianReef Front Page Images of fossilised corals - Geology, Univ.of Fossil fish. http://homepages.dordt.edu/~mahaffy/paleocon.shtml
Extractions: Openbook Linked Table of Contents Front Matter, pp. i-viii Introduction, pp. 1-20 Diving for Oldies, pp. 21-40 Fishness, pp. 41-55 Going with the Flow, pp. 56-76 When the Reef Was Ours, pp. 77-96 Reefscape with Sea Serpents, pp. 97-111 The Tears of the Turtle, pp. 112-124 Sea Grass Harvest, pp. 125-142 Chick City, pp. 143-153 An Island in Time, pp. 154-167 Stressed-Out Reefscape, pp. 168-184 The Beginning of the End of It All, pp. 185-202 Saltwater Spirituality, pp. 203-220 Notes, pp. 221-244 Index, pp. 245-264 Openbook Linked Table of Contents Front Matter, pp. i-viii Introduction, pp. 1-20 Diving for Oldies, pp. 21-40 Fishness, pp. 41-55 Going with the Flow, pp. 56-76 When the Reef Was Ours, pp. 77-96 Reefscape with Sea Serpents, pp. 97-111 The Tears of the Turtle, pp. 112-124 Sea Grass Harvest, pp. 125-142 Chick City, pp. 143-153 An Island in Time, pp. 154-167 Stressed-Out Reefscape, pp. 168-184 The Beginning of the End of It All, pp. 185-202
Paleontology Primer: Common Animal Fossils Horn corals, solitary corals, are most common fish fossils are common in sedimentsof former seas, such as to the Dr. Joe Arruda Go to paleontology Primer Main http://faculty.pittstate.edu/~jarruda/zoology/paleo/pal_comn.htm
Extractions: Common Fossils How Fossils are Made All living groups of animals have left some fossil evidence. The amount of fossilization depends on the age of the group, their tendency to fossilize, and the geologic/climate conditions under which they lived. From the smallest protozoa to the largest dinosaur, the earth contains a record of past life. Protozoa . Only two groups of protozoa are common in the fossil record, both from the shelled amoeba: the foraminifera and the radioalaria. Protozoa have been found in rocks older that 600 million years, into the pre-cambrian. The foramanifera are important since their time sequence has been worked out and they can then be used as stratigraphic indicators - "fossil clocks". Their shells are made of calcium carbonate. The fusulinids, about the size of a grain of rice (photo at left), are common in Carboniferous and Permian rocks. Radiolaria have tests made of silica and are common modern marine organisms. Corals . Fossil corals are abundant in sedimentary rocks. Horn corals, solitary corals, are most common.
Life Sciences Zoology BIOSIS); Coelenterata and Ctenophora jellyfish, corals (BIOSIS); of the Mammals (UCMuseum of paleontology/Berkeley Endangered Species Program (US fish Wildlife http://www.wcsu.edu/library/ls_zoology.html
Definition: Lagerstatten with an interest in paleontology the Burgess Scotland; arthropods and fish; Ritchie1985. over 600 species (mainly crinoids, corals, brachiopods, trilobites http://www.peripatus.gen.nz/paleontology/defLagerstatten.html
Extractions: Peripatus Home Page Paleontology Page Updated: 13 Feb 2003 Lagerstätten (sing. lagerstätte) are fossil localities which are highly remarkable for for either their diversity or quality of preservation; sometimes both. Other very well-known lagerstätten include the Green River Formation of Wyoming, USA, which has produced countless fossil fish for the commercial fossil market, the Solnhofen Limestone of Germany, famous primarily for the Archeopteryx fossils found there. However, there are many more and I shall attempt to describe, or at least list, some of them on this site. The following table lists a few basic facts about some well-known lagerstätten. It is arranged in usual geological fashion: age increases down the table. Eocene Grube Messel Shale Frankfurt, Germany; lacustrine (lake deposits); fossil plants, vertebrates and insects; Franzen 1990 52 Ma Eocene Monte Bolca (Mt. Bolca) Musei della Lessinia web page (in Italian). [With thanks to Giorgio Bertoni for this information.] Eocene Green River Formation Wyoming; lacustrine (lake deposits); fossil fish (~18 different kinds) and other vertebrates; Grande 1984
Silurian Period paleontology. coral reefs widespread; eurypterids at their peak; fish diversify, evolving havebeen recorded, including crinoids, corals, brachiopods, trilobites http://www.peripatus.gen.nz/paleontology/Silurian.html
Extractions: Peripatus Home Page Paleontology Page Updated: 16 Feb 2003 Keywords: Silurian, Silurian biota, fossil record, evolution First coral reefs widespread; eurypterids at their peak; fish diversify, evolving lower jaws and invading fresh water environments; lycopsid land plants appear and early terrestrial ecosystems are established. Further Reading Related Pages Other Web Sites (there is no Silurian subcommission listed on this site) Silurian Times Main Page The Virtual Silurian Reef (Milwaukee Public Museum) UC Berkeley Silurian Page In 1831 Sedgwick and a collaborator, Sir Roderick Impey Murchison, commenced work on the stratigraphy of northern Wales. Sedgwick began at the bottom of the section and Murchison at the top. Sedgwick named his sequence of rocks the Cambrian and Murchison applied the name Silurian to the generally more fossiliferous upper formations. Eventually their sections overlapped, each claiming some of the same rocks for their systems, in what became a widespread and lengthy controversy until, forty four years later, Charles Lapworth introduced the name Ordovician for the disputed sequence. Near Moffat in South Scotland, an uninterrupted Ordovician-Silurian boundary sequence of deep water black shales is exposed at Dob's Lin. Here Lapworth (1878) determined the stratigraphy based largely upon graptolites, the dominant macrofossils found in the exposure. Approximately 100 years later, in 1985, this locality was chosen as the International Stratotype for this transition.
Invertebrate Zoology And Paleontology Links History Museum Links Marine Biology Links paleontology Links. Images http//www.actwin.com/fish/index.cgi. EnvironmentalReport of Australia (corals, etc.) http http://www.calacademy.org/research/izg/echinoderm/izlink.htm
Extractions: Site Map Staff List The Center for Stratigraphy and Paleontology (CSP) has two primary responsibilities: to conserve and make accessible the extensive subsurface and fossil collections of the New York State Museum and to conduct basic research on the stratigraphic record and history of life in New York and collateral regions. The CSP was created by the New York State Museum in 1999 to continue a number of functions of the New York State Geologic Survey. These include: assuring access to and permanent conservation of two large collections: the ca. one million specimens of the Paleontology Collection and the Subsurface Collection (e.g., 300 continuous cores, 21,000 wire logs, and 2,100 complete sets of cuttings from oil and gas wells across New York); continuing and completing original research on the history and evolution of life and on the local and global controls (e.g., climate, sea-level changes, plate tectonic processes) responsible for deposition and preservation of the sedimentary rock record; disseminating information on the history of life and ancient environments through "deep time";
SDNHM: Paleontology And Our Local Desert Thomas A. Deméré, Ph.D.; Curator, Department of paleontology In the fish Creek andCoyote Mountains are pen shells, oysters, whelks, sea urchins, and corals. http://www.sdnhm.org/research/paleontology/locdesrt.html
Extractions: I will never forget an experience I had during a field geology class in my undergraduate days. We were mapping the distribution of different rock layers in the Coyote Mountains out near Ocotillo. The geology in this area is quite complex and I had been working my way up a ridge-line composed of hard, crystalline metamorphic rocks when I noticed that the ground changed from hard rock to a soft, fossil-bearing sandstone. (I figured out later that a fault line separated the two rock types.) From this vantage point, as far as the eye could see was desert, yet at my feet were the remains of ancient sea creatures scallops, and oysters. At that moment I felt a real sense of the history of this place. I could envision the ancient sea in which these prehistoric animals lived and imagine the quantities of sand and mud brought down to the sea by ancient streams to bury and entomb them. My imagination then turned to the tectonic forces which altered the position of land and sea, tilting and shearing the rocks to form the complex terrain around me. I have since felt these sensations in other areas, but the desert still provides me with the most dramatic sense of earth history. Similar experiences have no doubt been shared by countless generations and I imagine that fossils must have sparked the interest of early people, who during their wanderings in the natural world found sea shells high on the sides of mountains far from any ocean waters. The "great flood" mentioned in many of the world's creation mythologies was probably an early attempt to explain such occurrences; for it is fundamental to our makeup to be curious and to seek explanations of natural wonders.
GeoDetectives, Paleontology, Geologic Time Line Activity , Geologic time line, paleontology. was an explosion of life where seacreatures like corals, trilobites, primitive fish and eventually http://www.nps.gov/brca/Geodetect/Paleontology/threadsotime.htm
