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From the streets of Charlotte, North Carolina, to the segregated courtrooms of the nation's capital, from the white male bastion of the World War II Army to the male stronghold of Howard University Law School, from the pulpits of churches where women had waited years for the right to ministerÂ--in all these places Dovey Johnson Roundtree (b. 1914) sought justice. Though she is a legendary African American figure in the legal community of Washington, D.C., she remains largely unknown to the American public.

Customer Reviews (27)

A Beautiful Story About a Remarkable Woman
As I read this book, I fell in love with Dovey's story and her extraordinary character.I marveled at her accomplishments and was inspired by her courage.The writing is so clear and lyrical, that I felt transformed to another place and time where I could literally hear Dovey's voice.Without ever having met this remarkable woman, I felt touched by her grace and moved by her unwavering dedication to family, country, and justice.

Justice older than the Law
Truly a remarkable and indispensable part of US history.Katie McCabe's creation of Dovey's voice in print is a remarkable demonstration of literary skill.

Janice's Review of "Justice Older Than the Law"
It is my honor to submit this review of "Justice Older Than the Law."As a current director at the National Council of Negro Women, Inc. where Dovey Roundtree spent many years as General Counsel, learning about her life of "firsts," courage, strength and sadness, has inspired me to continue the legacy of those who have gone before me, like Dovey, Dr. Height and my great aunt, Dr. Dorothy Boulding Ferebee (2nd National President of NCNW).I especially admire the way that Katie McCabe (a Caucasian woman) was able to take Dovey's (an African-American woman) life story and write as if Dovey were right there talking to you.Get ready to learn about a piece of history that you will want to share with others.

A Race Woman of the Finest Order
To live a life of dignity and purpose is a good life.This is the remarkable story of an African American woman born in the jim crow South who with grit and determination refused to accept the future that her time and place dictated.A powerful story that serves as inspiration and a model of courage.

A 'Must Read'
Justice Older than the Law introduces readers to the amazing story of a woman who had the courage to spend her life bringing change to America, whether as one of the first Black WAACs, Civil Rights lawyer, or AME Minister. This should be on every high school, college and law school list of Required Reading; her friendships with Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune, Thurgood Marshall, Dorothy Height, and others at the forefront of the nascent Civil Rights Movement is fascinating. Katie McCabe's friendship w/Dovey Johnson Roundtree has resulted in a biography like no other -- thoughtful, honest, and mesmerizing. The passion Dovey practiced, as well as the author's passion to share Dovey's experiences, hopefully will engender a passion within each reader to share this book with others. ... Read more

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Compiled in this volume is the most significant accumulation of works on the subject of African American leadership to date. As the field of leadership studies continues to grow, this timely work contributes to an understanding of the activities of those people and organizations that have been leaders of people of African descent and have contributed to the cultural and political affairs of the black community, as well as the representation of the black community in mainstream American life. The annotated entries cover a variety of works on subjects such as dedicated black leadership studies, local descriptions and analyses, biographies, leadership organizations, and audio-visual materials. This reference is an important contribution to the field of leadership studies in general, and African American leadership in particular, and will serve as a valuable research tool for educators and practitioners alike. ... Read more

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African American language is central to the teaching of linguistics and language in the United States, and this book covers the entire field--grammar, speech, and verbal genres. It also reveals the various historical strands that must be identified in order to understand the development of African American English. These are the social and cultural history of the American South, the urban and northern black popular culture, as well as policy issues. The current heated political and educational debates about the status of the African American dialect are also addressed. ... Read more

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This definitive history of African-American theatre embraces companies from across the U.S., as well as the anglophone Caribbean and African-American companies touring Europe, Australia and Africa. Representing a catholicity of styles, from African ritual to European forms, amateur to professional, and political nationalism to integration, the volume covers all aspects of performance. It includes minstrel, vaudeville, and cabaret acts, as well as shows written by whites that used black casts. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (2)

African-Amerian theatre, African-american History, African-American music history
This is the most comprehensive and accurate book on the subject that I have seen. As a researcher in the field of music and African-American history, I was delighted to find it.

It's all here - slavery to european, amateur to professional
Many of us take for granted the ability to go out on the town and enjoy a play about African Americans. Such plays as A Raisin in the Sun, Dream Girls, and The Piano Lesson have found their way into the hearts of many a theater goer and into the cultural makeup of this country.However, the making of these plays would not have been possible if not for the struggle and sacrifices of many theatrical pioneers. A History of African American Theatre by Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch is an extensive anthology of all types of African American theatre that gives a wonderful historical perspective that we can use to interpret some of what we see today.The book includes information on minstrels, vaudeville, cabaret acts, musicals, and opera.It's the complete historical reference for the African American theatre lover.

In truth, this book also was exciting to some of my friends who are more history buffs than theatre lovers.I also confess to being very impressed with the author, Mr. Hill, who was the foremost historical scholar in the African American and Caribbean theatre fields and produced and directed more than 120 plays and pageants during a life recently cut short by cancer. Although I never had the pleasure of meeting him, he clearly was a giant!

The book's appeal - like the book itself - has great breadth & depth.
--- Sheldon Dennis, VP - Family Digest Magazine ... Read more

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Taking the influential work of Arthur Huff Fauset as a starting point to break down the false dichotomy that exists between mainstream and marginal, a new generation of scholars offers fresh ideas for understanding the religious expressions of African Americans in the United States. Fauset's 1944 classic, Black Gods of the Metropolis, launched original methods and theories for thinking about African American religions as modern, cosmopolitan, and democratic. The essays in this collection show the diversity of African American religion in the wake of the Great Migration and consider the full field of African American religion from Pentecostalism to Black Judaism, Black Islam, and Father Divine's Peace Mission Movement. As a whole, they create a dynamic, humanistic, and thoroughly interdisciplinary understanding of African American religious history and life. This book is essential reading for anyone who studies the African American experience.

Customer Reviews (1)

Good won't have impact of (1944) book though
This book attempts to critique and expound on Arthur Fauset's classic "Black God's of the Metropolis"attempted with the use of a cast of 11 writers. The most successful are Nora Rubel and her analysis of Fauset's Prophet Cherry Black Hebrews movement (Chapt 3) and how it had a likeness to the Moorish Science Temple of the day.

Jacob Dorman does a fine job with (Chapt6) "A true Moslem is a true spiritualist Black Orientalism and Black Gods of the Metropolis". He gives insightful information on a little known leader named Father Hurley and the U.H.S.A. movement of 1923. Sylvester Johnson in (Chapt7)(Proper Religion and the Colonial State) reveals how various govt agencies set out to destroy said movements by any means necessary. Daniella Sigler(Chapt 2) breaks down the Daddy Grace movement and mentions how he refused to be called negreo, black or colored (he said he was Portugese and from Jerusalem).

Overall a pretty good read except for Chapter 5 by Edward Curtis IV it seems he has been chasing the origins of Noble Drew Ali's doctrine for quite some time now with little success. Mr Curtis seems to be confused with the syncrentized teachings of D Ali. but I must be clear in no way does the Shrine House fraternity impart more than minimal knowledge of true Islam to an individual. Mr. Curtis revisits this hypothesis to often, to the point of over redundence. This will happen time and again when the sources of information flows from outside of Temple sources. Thus what could have been a 4 star has to be limited to a 3 star. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (1)

Great transaction!
This book was as advertised in great condition.The shipping was super fast.Highly recommend!! ... Read more

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Race and technology are two of the most powerful motifs in American history, but until recently they have not often been considered in relation to each other. This collection of essays examines the intersection of the two in a variety of social and technological contexts, pointing out, as the subtitle (borrowed from Brooke Hindle's classic 1966 work Early American Technology) puts it, the "needs and opportunities for study."

The essays challenge what editor Bruce Sinclair calls the "myth of black disingenuity"—the historical perception that black people were technically incompetent. Enslaved Africans actually brought with them the techniques of rice cultivation that proved so profitable to their white owners, and antebellum iron working in the South depended heavily on blacks' craft skills. The essays document the realities of black technical creativity—in catalogs of patented inventiveness, in the use of "invisible technologies" such as sea chanteys, and in the mastery of complex new technologies. But the book also explores the economic and social functions of the disingenuity myth, and therefore its persistence. African-Americans often saw in new technologies a means to escape racial prejudice, but white Americans used them just as often to re-frame the boundaries of social behavior. The essays show that technologies and racialized thought are much more tightly connected than we have imagined.

Published in cooperation with the Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation at the Smithsonian Institution ... Read more

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This study examines how welfare reform has affected African Americans, particularly women. It analyzes the discourse of marginalization within the 1988 Title II-Job Opportunities for Basic Skills (JOBS) legislation and its impact on African American women.An Afrocentric feminist epistemology is used to explore major issues surrounding the JOBS program within the context of the history of welfare reform laws and the experiences of African Americans with the welfare system. The author discusses how the experiences and viewpoints of welfare recipients, educators, welfare workers, and administrators reflect the inequities of the welfare system and the welfare reform movement. This study of the design and implementation of the JOBS plan reveals that welfare reform that does not provide equitable wages and education will not change the lives of these women.
(Ph.D. dissertation, University of Northern Illinois, 1992; revised with new preface, foreword, afterword) ... Read more

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Despite the plethora of writing about jazz, little attention has been paid to what musicians themselves wrote and said about their practice. An implicit division of labor has emerged where, for the most part, black artists invent and play music while white writers provide the commentary. Eric Porter overturns this tendency in his creative intellectual history of African American musicians. He foregrounds the often-ignored ideas of these artists, analyzing them in the context of meanings circulating around jazz, as well as in relationship to broader currents in African American thought. Porter examines several crucial moments in the history of jazz: the formative years of the 1920s and 1930s; the emergence of bebop; the political and experimental projects of the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s; and the debates surrounding Jazz at Lincoln Center under the direction of Wynton Marsalis. Louis Armstrong, Anthony Braxton, Marion Brown, Duke Ellington, W.C. Handy, Yusef Lateef, Abbey Lincoln, Charles Mingus, Archie Shepp, Wadada Leo Smith, Mary Lou Williams, and Reggie Workman also feature prominently in this book. The wealth of information Porter uncovers shows how these musicians have expressed themselves in print; actively shaped the institutional structures through which the music is created, distributed, and consumed, and how they aligned themselves with other artists and activists, and how they were influenced by forces of class and gender. What Is This Thing Called Jazz? challenges interpretive orthodoxies by showing how much black jazz musicians have struggled against both the racism of the dominant culture and the prescriptive definitions of racial authenticity propagated by the music's supporters, both white and black. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (1)

Required Reading for Anyone Interested in Jazz Criticism
As many fans realize, jazz music (and even the term "jazz" itself) is the source of much critical and cultural debate. There has always been a peculiar tension between the critics who define the music with culturally loaded terminology and the musicians who often view the art as something that cannot be adequately reduced in such a manner. Things have certainly become more complicated in the last thirty-five years, with the rise of the avant-garde. Many critics and even some musicians (e.g., Wynton Marsalis) have dismissed the most innovative developments in the music as being "non-jazz," which has culminated in a perspective whereby jazz has been codified, historicized, and, to some people, seems to be "swallowing its tail."

Eric Porter's excellent academic work delves deeply into the current debates on jazz, as well as provides a thorough overview of how musicians have defined their art in their own terms throughout the history of jazz. As with the history of any art (e.g., painting, photography, literature), it becomes apparent that what we get in jazz criticism is a series of narratives that occasionally correspond to one another but often tend to diverge markedly at various points. Porter's book is extremely valuable because it focuses on the voices that have not been adequately represented in the discourse on jazz-the voices of the musicians themselves.

What I particularly enjoy about Porter's book is its even-handed tone. The book is exhaustively researched and follows a logical progression from the rise of jazz in the early twentieth-century to modern times. His discussions of the essays of Duke Ellington, WC Handy, and prominent intellectuals (Zora Neale Hurston, WEB Dubois, Alain Locke et al.) are all placed in the context of a larger discussion of race, gender, economics, and American culture. At the same time, Porter's role is clearly that of a researcher and scholar; he is not someone who passes judgment on the thoughts of the musicians. He simply presents us with the information.

In addition to analyzing thoroughly the roots of jazz, there are lengthy and informative chapters on the development of bebop, the music and thought of Charles Mingus, and that of 60s stalwarts such as Leo Smith and Anthony Braxton. The discussion of Braxton's massive tomes (the Tri-axium Writings) is particularly welcome, since his universalist approach to music has put him in an unusual position with the regard to the jazz community, arguably since his contract with Arista expired over two decades ago. The discussion of the neo-conservative movement in jazz, led by Wynton Marsalis and Stanley Crouch, appropriately follows the discussion of Braxton's work and illustrates the challenges that jazz critics face as the music increasingly draws upon a myriad of musical forms that draw attention to the inadequacies of conventional criticism. What I particularly enjoyed was Porter's lucid discussion of the similarities as well as the differences in the thought of Braxton and Marsalis. Porter's organized presentation of such topics certainly enabled me to appreciate the thoughts of all the jazz musicians discussed in the book, whether I agreed with them or not.

The value of this book is that it not only shows the reader the viewpoints of the often neglected musicians, but also does not shy away from the critical, theoretical, and cultural complexities with which critics and musicians must deal in the future of jazz music. It is a valuable step indeed to understanding, if not definitively answering, "What is this thing called jazz?" ... Read more

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"[Sure to become] a classic in the field. Highly recommended." -- Library Journal

"... full of surprises and intrigues and written in a beautiful style.... a breath of fresh air on the African-Islamic-American connection." -- Journal of the American Academy of Religion

The involvement of black Americans with Islam reaches back to the earliest days of the African presence in North America. Part I of the book explores these roots in the Middle East, West Africa, and antebellum America. Part II tells the story of the "Prophets of the City" -- the leaders of the new urban-based African American Muslim movements in the 20th century. Turner places the study of Islam in the context of the racial, ethical, and political relations that influenced the reception of successive presentations of Islam, including the West African Islam of slaves, the Ahmadiyya Movement from India, the orthodox Sunni practice of later immigrants, and the Nation of Islam. This second edition features a new introduction, which discusses developments since the earlier edition, including Islam in a post-9/11 America.

Customer Reviews (5)

The Chicago Defenders not a reputable source for consciously written manuscripts
R. Turner does a fair job with book until he comes to Noble Drew Ali his entire frame of referrence comes from the Chicago Defender. A paper known for it's sensationalizing untrue stories of lurid sex and perverted crimes to sell more papers. Unfortunately it has been 70 years since D Ali's death and over a 100 since his birth and the Defenders articles are some of the only remaining sources of the time of D Ali on the earth plane, therefore the Defender unfortunately is one of the sources to satisfy the public's hunger for knowledge of this mysterious and great man. I would recommend the book "The Huevolution of Sacred Muur Science Past and Present" by Noble Timothy Myers-EL for a more objective commentary on the life of Drew Ali in chapter v.

Fascinating but...
I found this book to be clear and well-written, with a wealth of interesting and little-known information about the history of Muslims in the United States- not only African Americans. The first white American convert to Islam, the early communities from Eastern Europe, and the colorful Ahmadiyya movement are described in detail along with biographies of African American Muslim slaves, and black Muslim movements from the 1910s onward. He shows that just as in West Africa, Islam was spread among American blacks in a form that included local ideologies (in this case, racist nationalism). And, as in Africa, orthodox Islam was eventually adopted.
With that said, this book is written from a non-Muslim perspecitive, which is occasionally too evident. One may argue that concepts that the author claims were precedented in the late 1800s- (like the "jihad of words," Islam as a force to unify the oppressed), were actually present in the religion from the beginning. In addition, Turner's "myth of a race-blind Islam," takes a great deal of consideration...Basically, although this is a great book, it is time for American Muslims to begin writing their own history.

Islam in the African-American Experience.
Turner argues three interesting points in his faddish though well-researched study:First, Islam was a significant factor in the lives of American slaves.In particular, it had a disproportionate role in inspiring resistance to the institution of slavery:"writing in Arabic, fasting, wearing Muslim clothing, and reciting and reflecting on the Quran were the keys to an inner struggle of liberation against Christian tyranny." In reaction, whites sought the return of Muslims to Africa, "to rid America of Islam."

Second, this faith (what Turner calls the "old Islam") then died out.By the time of the Civil War, Islam among blacks was, "for all practical purposes, defunct."

Third, a "new Islam" took many years to revive and did so through the circuitous route of Pan-African nationalism, black Christian ministers distressed at the racism of their denomination, white American converts to Islam, Marcus Garvey's Universal Negro Improvement Association, Nobel Drew Ali's Moorish Science Temple of America, and the Indian-based Ahmadiyya Movement to America.W. D. Fard emerged from this eccentric background in 1930 and preached the religion that would eventually crystalize as the Nation of Islam.Turner then reliably covers the more familiar ground of Elijah Muhammad, Malcolm X, and Louis Farrakhan, concluding that "African-American Islam has finally arrived on the center stage of American religion and politics."

Middle East Quarterly, December 1997

trapped in an enigma
Turner has produced a fairly interesting book which expands on his superior 1988 article, The Ahmadiyya Mission to Blacks in the United States in the 1920s" (_The Journal of Religious Thought_, Vol 44, No 2, Pp. 50-66). Although based entirely upon secondary sources, he presents some information that will be new to students of African-American Islam. His efforts unravel however when he becomes trapped in the enigma of W. D. Fard's identity. Fard, the mysterious founder of the Nation of Islam who knighted Elijah Muhammad as his successor, fled from Detroit in 1934 creating one of those apocryphal riddles that has distracted serious scholars of religion ever since. Rather than explore the alternative development of orthodox Islam in America - a subject badly in need of publishers' attention - Turner jumps from Fard to Farrakhan, another sensationalist personality who hardly represents the sentiments of contemporary African American Muslims. The concluding chapter deals with the interesting notion of religion as a cultural commodity, but it seems like an afterthought unrelated to the text.

A much needed piece of Scholarship
Turner's work provieds a much-needed insight into a little-understood aspect of American History.His work provides a clear chronology and argument to help the reader understand the impact that Islamic ideas andsymbols have had upon the United States ... Read more

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Confluences looks at the prospects for and the potential rewards of breaking down theoretical and disciplinary barriers that have tended to separate African American and postcolonial studies. John Cullen Gruesser's study emphasizes the confluences among three major theories that have emerged in literary and cultural studies in the past twenty-five years: postcolonialism, Henry Louis Gates Jr.'s Signifyin(g), and Paul Gilroy's black Atlantic.

For readers who may not be well acquainted with one or more of the three theories, Gruesser provides concise introductions in the opening chapter. In addition, he urges those people working in postcolonial or African American literary studies to attempt to break down the boundaries that in recent years have come to isolate the two fields.Gruesser then devotes a chapter to each theory, examining one literary text that illustrates the value of the theoretical model, a second text that extends the model in a significant way, and a third text that raises one or more questions about the theory. His examples are drawn from the writings of Salman Rushdie, Jean Rhys, V. S. Naipaul, Walter Mosley, Pauline Hopkins, Toni Morrison, Harry Dean, Harriet Jacobs, and Alice Walker.

Cautious not to conflate postcolonial and African American studies, Gruesser encourages critics to embrace the black Atlantic's emphases on movement through space (routes rather than roots) and intercultural connections and to expand and where appropriate to emend Gilroy's efforts to bridge the two fields. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (1)

spread of influences in black literature in Caribbean and beyond
The "Black Atlantic" referred to in the subtitle is Paul Gilroy's "pathbreaking book...engaging with philosophical, sociological, historical, political, as well as literary issues." The author Gruesser himself takes this approach to the interrelationships--the confluences--among postcolonial writings, African American literary works, and influences and literature in Africa and the Caribbean and their presence in other, mostly white, cultures. The term "black Atlantic" was used originally in the field of black art. Gruesser notes especially Gilroy's interest in "routes" more so than "roots." Gruesser--professor of English at New Jersey's Kean University--develops a panoramic comprehension of the different literary areas; which are typically studied in the light of different theories. But this author is interested in the experiences, sensibilities, and cultural and historical grounds drawing the different literature together. Writings by Salman Rushdie, Naipaul, Walter Mosley, Toni Morrison, and Alice Walker are among those assayed. Gruesser explores the bonds among this diverse group. ... Read more

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Drawing together scholars from communication, literature, philosophy, linguistics, and other fields, this edited collection examines the current thinking on African American literature and language. Some of the most significant writers and thinkers in the field have contributed their views on all major aspects of the topic. The widespread debate over the canon in American literature, the issue of cultural diversity, and the need to have books with critical inquiry into African American culture make this collection suitable for scholars and students in diverse fields. ... Read more

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Customer Reviews (6)

A rich find
The information Dr. Taylor has amassed in this slim but powerful book provides lovers of history with a compact guide through the ages of African-American life; and when synthesized, the book reveals the never-ending but often overlooked or left unseen contributions African-Americans have made at every level and stage of American life. Not to be missed.

An Invaluable Item
I was initially impressed upon reading his intro which prompted me to further emamine the book. I am not a big fan of chronologies/timelines but reading Taylor's well-crafted book was an eye opener.What I liked most about the timelines was the manner in which he prefaces the sections to tie together the dates in an epoch and the way he inserts happenings in other parts of the world or outside the U.S that give perspective and a basis for comparison. This book deserves to be every academic library reference collection any reputable collection of Black Studies books.Terrific job!

A valuable resource for those interested in important tid bits of Black History
Professor Quintard Taylor has written a very informative , triumphant book that discusses often overlooked, yet important factors in African American History. It is a valubale contribution to the profession. Moreover, it has mass appeal to individuals outside of academia. This book should be required reading for high school and college level courses.

Valuable resource!
This useful and concise timeline of African American history puts events into a time context, making relationships through time more clearly apparent with its simplicity and uncluttered directness.Easy to use tool, and a good starting point for additional follow up. Valuable for students and those seeking an overview of African American history in a timeline format.
Dr. Quintard Taylor is a well-known and respected academic scholar, and for more in-depth information, his other books can be accessed. In Search of the Racial Frontier: African Americans in the West, 1528-1990;The Forging of a Black Community: Seattle's Central District, from 1870 Through the Civil Rights Era (The Emil and Kathleen Sick Lecture-Book Series in Western History and Biography);African American Women Confront the West, 1600-2000, and more.

Easy-to-use, straight-forward, and enlightening
What a brilliant resource Dr. Taylor has provided! As he rightly states in his intro, time lines are tremendous tools that empower the reader with quickly accessible information, put inside the context of events. This is a great book for educators (of all ages), students (likewise), parents, and readers looking for a handy tool to navigate the long, storied history of African's and their American descendants. ... Read more

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This work combines Jungian analysis with certain West African religious principles in an examination of fictional characterizations of white women in African-American literature. Taking neither a purely African nor Western approach to the material, the author offers analyses of white women as the terrible mother, the bitch goddess, the seductress, the initiator, the femme fatale, the benevolent witch, and the confidant. Both the particular stereotypes of white women and their mythic roles are explored, in terms of both social and mythical archetypes. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (1)

Chupa's book is a benchmark work!
Though this work is ten years old it is still on the cutting edge because there is so little work on stereotypes of whites in literature and on screen.Chupa actually describes white women as they are depicted by African American novelists. These images are seldon seen on screen because they are the women who matriculate in the Black community. Never-the-less the work is seminal. Furthermore, Chupa does an excellent job of delineating stereotypes from archetypes.The work is a bit difficult to read because there are some slight organizational problems, but the information is there if you are willing to look for it. ... Read more

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This book examines how cultural and ideological reactions to activism in the post-Civil Rights Black community were depicted in fiction written by Black women writers, 1965–1980. By recognizing and often challenging prevailing cultural paradigms within the post-Civil Rights era, writers such as Toni Morrison, Alice Walker, Toni Cade Bambara, and Paule Marshall fictionalized the black community in critical ways that called for further examination of progressive activism after the much publicized 'end' of the Civil Rights Movement. Through their writings, the authors’ confronted marked shifts within African American literature, politics and culture that proved detrimental to the collective 'wellness' of the community at large.

Customer Reviews (1)

Contextual view of African American leadership
Today, despite the progress that has been made since the Civil Rights Act,systemic, and often unconscious discrimination persists against AfricanAmericans.Why is this the case?I believe Walters and Smith would arguethat presently Americans are lack the ability to analyze society inpolitical, economic, and structural terms. The result is that we, as asociety, and African Americans, as a minority, are blind to the veryobstacles that must be overcome.The value of "African AmericanLeadership" lies in its ability to situate the discussion of AfricanAmerican leadership in the midst of a social, political, and historicalexegesis.The weakness of the book rest with its deficiency in theoreticaland methodological approaches, as well as its lack of attention to howother societal inequalities besides race (socioeconomic stratification, forinstance) should be part of the discussion.Walters and Smith, take on thechallenge of educating their audience about the social and historicalforces that influence "Negro" and later "Black"leaders' effectiveness throughout history and even today.Towards thisend, I feel "African American Leadership" has met the challenge. The contemporary pioneers of the movement towards social equity must buildon and learn from Walters' and Smith's discussion. ... Read more